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RESOLUTION MANUELLE ET
NUMERIQUE D’UNE EDP D’ORDRE 2
p. 2
𝑇𝐴 𝑇𝐵 𝑻𝑨 > 𝑻𝑩
𝝏𝟐 𝑻 𝝏𝑻
+ µ =𝑸
𝝏𝒙𝟐 𝝏𝒙
𝑻𝑨 = 𝟑𝟏𝟎 𝑲; 𝑻𝑩 = 𝟑𝟎𝟎 𝑲 𝒆𝒕 𝑳 = 𝟏 𝒎
p. 3
𝜕 2 𝑇 𝜕𝑇
+ = 10
𝜕𝑥 2 𝜕𝑥
𝝏𝟐 𝑻 𝝏𝑻
+ =𝟎
𝝏𝒙𝟐 𝝏𝒙
𝑟 2 + 𝑟 = 0 ⟺ 𝑟(𝑟 + 1) = 0 → 𝑟1 = 0 𝑜𝑢 𝑟2 = −1
𝑻𝒉 (𝒙) = 𝑪𝟏 𝒆−𝒙 + 𝑪𝟐
𝜕2 𝑇 𝜕𝑇
=0→ =10 → 𝑻𝑷 (𝒙) = 𝟏𝟎𝒙
𝜕𝑥 2 𝜕𝑥
𝟐𝟎 𝟐𝟗𝟎−𝟑𝟏𝟎∗𝒆−𝟏
𝑪𝟏 = 𝒆𝒕 𝑪𝟐 =
𝟏−𝒆−𝟏 𝟏−𝒆−𝟏
𝟐𝟎 −𝒙
𝟐𝟗𝟎 − 𝟑𝟏𝟎 ∗ 𝒆−𝟏
𝑻(𝒙) = ( )𝒆 + 𝟏𝟎𝒙 + ( )
𝟏 − 𝒆−𝟏 𝟏 − 𝒆−𝟏
p. 4
𝒏+𝟐 ∆𝑥
𝑳
∆𝒙 =
𝒏+𝟏
𝑻𝒊 𝒙𝒊
𝝏𝑻(𝒙) 𝑻𝒊+𝟏 −𝑻𝒊
≈
𝝏𝒙 ∆𝒙
∆𝒙 <<< 𝟏, ∆𝑥
𝝏𝟐 𝑻(𝒙) 𝑻𝒊+𝟏 −𝟐𝑻𝒊 +𝑻𝒊−𝟏
≈ (∗∗)
𝝏𝒙𝟐 (∆𝒙)𝟐
∆𝒙 + 𝟏 ∆𝒙 + 𝟐 𝟏
𝑻𝒊+𝟏 − 𝑻𝒊 + 𝑻 = 𝑸𝒊
∆𝒙𝟐 ∆𝒙𝟐 ∆𝒙𝟐 𝒊−𝟏
𝟏 ∆𝒙 + 𝟐 ∆𝒙 + 𝟏
𝑻𝟎 − 𝑻𝟏 + 𝑻 =𝑸
∆𝒙 𝟐 ∆𝒙 𝟐 ∆𝒙𝟐 𝟐
𝟏 ∆𝒙 + 𝟐 ∆𝒙 + 𝟏
𝑻𝟏 − 𝑻𝟐 + 𝑻 =𝑸
∆𝒙 𝟐 ∆𝒙 𝟐 ∆𝒙𝟐 𝟑
𝟏 ∆𝒙 + 𝟐 ∆𝒙 + 𝟏
𝑻𝟐 − 𝑻𝟑 + 𝑻 =𝑸
∆𝒙 𝟐 ∆𝒙 𝟐
. ∆𝒙𝟐 𝟒
.
𝟏 ∆𝒙 + 𝟐 ∆𝒙 + 𝟏
𝑻𝒊−𝟏 − 𝑻 𝒊 + 𝑻 =𝑸
∆𝒙𝟐 ∆𝒙𝟐 . ∆𝒙𝟐 𝒊+𝟏
.
.
𝟏 ∆𝒙 + 𝟐 ∆𝒙 + 𝟏
{∆𝒙𝟐 𝑻𝒏−𝟏 − ∆𝒙𝟐 𝑻𝒏 + ∆𝒙𝟐 𝑻𝒏+𝟏 = 𝑸
p. 5
∆𝒙 + 𝟐 ∆𝒙 + 𝟏 𝟏
− 0 𝑇1 𝑇 𝑄
∆𝒙𝟐 ∆𝒙𝟐 ∆𝒙𝟐 0
𝟏 ∆𝒙 + 𝟐 ∆𝒙 + 𝟏 𝑇2 0 𝑄
𝟐
− ⋯ 0 𝑇3 0 𝑄
∆𝒙 ∆𝒙𝟐 ∆𝒙𝟐
𝟏 ∆𝒙 + 𝟐 .. .. ..
0 𝟐
− + = .
∆𝒙 ∆𝒙𝟐 .. .. .
⋮ ⋱ ⋮
∆𝒙 + 𝟐 ∆𝒙 + 𝟏 .. .. ..
−
∆𝒙𝟐 ∆𝟐 𝑇𝑛−1 0 𝑄
0 ⋯ ∆𝒙 + 𝟏
𝟏 ∆𝒙 + 𝟐 [ 𝑇𝑛 ] [𝑄]
[ ∆𝒙𝟐
−
∆𝒙𝟐 ] [ ∆𝒙𝟐 𝑇𝑛+1 ]
𝑨𝑻 + 𝑩 = 𝑸
𝑨 𝒏×𝒏
𝑩 𝒏
𝑸 𝒏
𝑻
𝑻 = 𝑨−𝟏 (𝑸 − 𝑩)
p. 6
%REMPLISSAGE DE LA MATRICE A
A=zeros(n,n); %On initialise la matrice n*n constitue de zéros
for i=1:n
A(i,i)=a;
end
for i=1:n-1
A(i,i+1)=b;
end
for i=2:n
A(i,i-1)=c;
end
TM=(20/(1-exp(-1)))*exp(-y)+10*y+((290-310*exp(-1))/(1-exp(-1))); %Solution
obtenue manuellement
p. 7
p. 8
p. 9