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Mots clés : Coefficient de consolidation, Contraintes effectives, Equation de diffusion, Degré de consolidation, Différences finies, Dissipation, Facteur temps, Loi de
Terzaghi, Sols saturés, Surpressions.
Abstract :
This work is a contribution to the theoretical and numerical study of the influences of physical properties on the phenomena of consolidation of the saturated massifs
under uniform loading. In order to better situate the work in relation to the previous contributions, the author first carried out several bibliographic summaries
dealing with problems related to hydraulic leaks under structures, on the risks due to settlement phenomena, to model them as well as in the techniques of solving the
equations that govern phenomena of consolidation. After mathematically formulating the problem of the consolidation of saturated soils, the dimensionless equations
of the continuous domain as well as their initial conditions and associated boundaries are discretized by implicit finite difference schemes and the resulting algebraic
equations are solved through Thomas’s algorithm. The integrals giving the degrees of consolidation were approached using the Simpson quadrature. Instead of using
an expensive commercial software which sometimes behaves like a black box, the author has developed a FORTRAN 95© computational code to study the
distributions of pore water pressures, of effective constraints as well as the evolutions of degrees of consolidations. This computation code capable of solving other
problems governed by diffusion equations has been optimized and validated. The influence of three consolidation coefficients (parabolic, linear and exponential) on
the dissipation of overpressures, on the variations of effective stresses and on the settlement were analysed in the cases unidimensional and two-dimensional flows.
Finally, this paper ends with a general conclusion summarizing the main results and perspectives.
Key words: Coefficient of consolidation, Effective stresses, Diffusion equation, Degree of consolidation, Finite differences, Dissipation, Time factor, Law of
Terzaghi, Saturated soil, Pore water pressure.