rhFkks± esa riZ.

k ,oa Jk¼ dh laf{kIr fof/

lHkh rhFkks± esa riZ.k ,oa Jk¼ djus dk fo/ku gSA vr% ;gk¡ bu nksuksa dh laf{kIr ppkZ dh
tk;xhA riZ.kØe ,oa fof/ dk Kku viuh 'kk[kk ds xzUFkksa ls çkIr djuk pkfg;sA ;gk¡ ekè;fUnu
'kk[kk ds vuqlkj ljyre çkekf.kd riZ.kfof/ fy[kh tk jgh gSA
LukukÄ~x riZ.k&xÄ~xkfn rhFkks± esa Luku ds i'pkr~ LukukÄ~x&riZ.k djuk pkfg;sA
laè;k ds igys bldk djuk vko';d ekuk x;k gSA
LukuknuUrja ;koÙkiZ;fs Rir`nos rk%A (vkpkjsUnq% i`- 46)
LukukÄ~xa riZ.ka fo}kUdnkfpUuSo gki;sr~AA (vkpkjsUnq% i`- 46)
;gh dkj.k gS fd vk'kkSp eas Hkh bldk fu"ks/ ugha gksrk rFkk thfor&fir`dksa ds fy;s Hkh
;g fofgr gSA
vk'kkSps¿fi rn~HkofrA------v=k nso fir¤.kkesosT;Rokr~ lkÄ~xL;
pkuq"Bs;RokTthforfir`dL;kI;f/dkj%AA
(fuR;deZ&iwtkçdk'k i`- 29 esa vkpkjjRu dk opu)
thfor&fir`dksa ds fy;s dsoy bldk vfUre va'k R;kT; gksrk gS] ftldk funsZ'k
;FkkLFkku fd;k tk;xkA blesa fryd ty ls gh fd;k tkrk gSA ck;sa gkFk esa ty ysdj nkfgus
v¡xwBs ls ÅèoZiq.Mª dj ysA rnuUrj rhu v¡xqfy;ksa ls f=kiq.Mª djsA
tyk×tfy nsus dh jhfr ;g gS fd nksuksa gkFkksa dks lVkdj v×tfy cuk ysA blesa ty
Hkjdj xkS ds lhax&ftruk Å¡pk mBkdj ty esa gh v×tfy NksM+ nsA
}kS gLrkS ;qXer% ÑRok iwj;snqndk×tfye~A
xksÜk`Ä~xek=keqn~/`R; tyeè;s tya f{kisr~AA (vkpkjsUnq% i`- 46)
blesa nso] ½f"k] firj ,oa vius firk] firkeg vkfn dk riZ.k gksrk gSA
nsoku`"khfUir`x.kkULofir¤a'pkfi riZ;r s A~ A (vkpkjsUnq% i`- 46)
çkns'kek=keq¼`R; lfyya çkÄ~eq[k% lqjku~A
mnÄ~euq";akLrI;sr Z fir¤Unf{k.krLrFkkAA (vkpkjsUnq% i`- 216)
vFkkZr~ 12 vaxqy Å¡pk ty dks Åij mBk iwoZeq[k gks nsoksa dk] mÙkjeq[k gks euq";ksa
(½f"k;ksa) dk rFkk nf{k.keq[k gks firjksa dk riZ.k djsA
riZ.k esa v×tfy dh la[;k ds ckjs esa dgk x;k gS fd&
,dSde×tfya nsoksH;ks }kS }kS ½f"kH;L=khaL=khfUirH̀; bfr la[;kfo'ks"k%A
(/eZflU/q% i`- 584)
vFkkZr~ nsoriZ.k esa ,d&,d] ½f"k esa nks&nks rFkk fir`riZ.k esa rhu&rhu v×tfy ty
 bZ'kku% loZnsokuke~
vfiZr djsaA
ty vfiZr djus dh fof/ ;g gS fd nsoksa dks nsorhFkZ ls] ½f"k;ksa dks çtkifrrhFkZ ls rFkk
firjksa dks fir`rhFkZ ls ty vfiZr djsaA 'kkL=kksa us gkFk ds vUnj gh bu rhFkks± dh dYiuk dj j[kh
gSA
vÄ~xqY;xzs rhFk± nSoa LoYikÄ~xqY;ksewZys dk;e~A
eè;sÄ~xq"BkÄ~xqY;ks% fi=;a ewys RoÄ~xq"BL; czkãe~AA (/eZflU/q% i`- 586)
vFkkZr~ vaxqfy;ksa ds vxzHkkx esa nSorhFkZ] NksVh nksuksa vaxqfy;ksa ds ewy esa dk;(çtkifr)
rhFkZ] vaxq"B vkSj vaxqfy;ksa ds eè; esa fir`rhFkZ vkSj vaxq"B ds ewy esa czkãrhFkZ gksrk gSA
nsoriZ.k esa v×tfy ds ty dks vaxqfy;ksa ds vxzHkkx ls uhps fxjk;s] ½f"kriZ.k esa ty dks
v×tfy(gkFkksa) ds chp FkksM+k txg cukdj mlls ty fxjk;s rFkk firjksa ds riZ.k esa ty dks
vaxwBs ,oa rtZuh ds chp txg cukdj v×tfy dks nkfguh rjQ ?kqek dj fxjk;sA
riZ.k dks ukfHki;ZUr ty esa fLFkr gks dj djuk pkfg;s(^ukfHkek=ktys fLFkRok
dq;kZRLukukÄ~xriZ.ke~* vkpkjsUnq% i`- 46)A dq'k ds vxzHkkx] v{kr vkSj ty ls nso&½f"k riZ.k
rFkk frylfgr ty ls fir` riZ.k djsA (/eZflU/q% i`- 583)
nso&riZ.k&(bls lfir`d Hkh djs)&lO;(;Kksiohr dk ck;sa da/s ds Åij ls nkfguh
dq{kh ds uhpsrd yVdk gksuk) gksdj iwjc dh vksj eqg¡ dj vaxksNs dks ck;sa da/s ij j[kdj nsorhFkZ
ls fuEu eU=k i<+&i<+dj ,d&,d tyk×tfy ns&
¬ cz ã kn;ks ns o kLr` I ;Urke~ ( 1 v×tfy)A ¬ Hkw n s Z o kLr` I ;Urke~ ( 1)A ¬
HkqonsoZ kLr`I;Urke~(1)A ¬ LonsoZ kLr`I;Urke~(1)A ¬ HkwHkqoZ % LonsoZ kLr`I;Urke~(1 v×tfy)A
½f"k&riZ.k&(bls lfir`d Hkh djs)&mÙkj dh vksj eq¡g dj fuohrh (;Kksiohr dks
ekyk dh rjg xys esa igudj) gksdj vkSj xeNs dks Hkh ekyk dh rjg yVdkdj çtkifrrhFkZ ls
fuEu eU=k i<+dj nks&nks tyk×tfy ty esa NksM+sA
¬ ludkn;ks euq";kLr`I;Urke~(2 v×tfy)A ¬ Hkw½Z"k;Lr`I;Urke~(2)A ¬
Hkqo½Z"k;Lr`I;Urke~(2)A ¬ Lo½Z"k;Lr`I;Urke~(2)A ¬ HkwHkqZo% Lo½Z"k;Lr`I;Urke~ (2
v×tfy)A
fir`&riZ.k&(lfir`d bldk dqN va'k djs)&nf{k.k dh vksj eq¡g dj vilO;
(tusÅ vFkkZr~ ;Kksiohr dks nkfgus da/s vkSj ck;sa gkFk ds uhps djds) gksdj xeNs dks Hkh nkfgus
da/s ij j[kdj ea=k i<+dj fir`&rhFkZ ls rhu&rhu tyk×tfy nsA lfir`d tusÅ dks dsoy
igq¡psrd gh j[ks] ck;sa gkFk ds uhps u djs&^çkphukohrh Rokçdks"Bkr~A*
¬ dO;okguykn;% firjLr`I;Urke~ (3 v×tfy)A ¬ prqnZ'k;ekLr`I;Urke~
808
A-023
 rhFkks± esa riZ.k ,oa Jk¼ dh laf{kIr fof/
(3)A ¬ Hkw% firjLr`I;Urke~ (3)A ¬ Hkqo% firjLr`I;Urke~ (3)A ¬ Lo% firjLr`I;Urke~
(3)A ¬ HkwHkqZo% Lo% firjLr`I;Urke~ (3 v×tfy)A
(blds vkxs dk ÑR; thfor&fir`d u djs)
¬ veqd xks=kk vLefRir`firkegçfirkegkLr`I;Urke~ (3 v×tfy)A
¬ veqd xks=kk vLeUekr`firkeghçfirkeg~;Lr`I;Urke~ (3 v×tfy)A
¬ veqd xks=kk vLeUekrkegçekrkego`¼çekrkegk% liRuhdkLr`I;Urke~ (3
v×tfy)A
¬ czãkfnLrEci;ZUra txÙk`I;Urke~ (3 v×tfy)11
blds ckn rV ds ikl vkdj ty esa fLFkr gksdj2 Hkwfe ij ,d tyk×tfy ns] ftldk eU=k
bl çdkj gS&
vfXunX/k'p ;s thok ;s¿I;nX/k% dqys eeA
HkwekS nÙksu rks;su r`Irk ;kUrq ijka xfre~AA
ty ls ckgj vkdj fuEufyf[kr eU=k ls nkfguh vksj f'k[kk dks fir`rhFkZ(v¡xwBs vkSj rtZuh
ds eè; Hkkx) lss fupksM+s &
yrkxqYes"kq o`{ks"kq firjks ;S O;ofLFkrk%A
rs losZ r`fIrek;kUrq e;ksRl`"VS% f'k[kksndS%AA
riZ.k ds ckn dk ÑR;&vc miohrh (;Kksiohr dks ck;sa da/s ij vkSj nkfgus gkFk ds
uhps dj) gksdj vkpeu djs vkSj ckgj fuEu ea=k ls ,d v×tfy ty ;{ek dks nsA3

1- vkczãLrEci;ZUra txÙk`I;fRofrØekr~A
tyk×tfy=k;a n|knsrr~ la{ksiriZ.ke~AA
(fuR;deZ&iwtkçdk'k i`- 31 ij vkpkj niZ.k dk opu)
2- bna tyLFksuSo dk;Ze~A (fuR;deZ&iwtkçdk'k i`- 31 ij vkpkjjRu dk dFku)
lqeUrq us dgk gS fd xhys oL=k ls Hkwfe ij vkdj tks tyk×tfy nsrk gS] mldh og tyk×tfy e`r
O;fDr dks ugha feyrhA fQj foo'k gksdj cspkjs dks dsoy oL=k ds ty dk gh lgkjk jg tkrk gS&
tykæZoklk% LFkyxks ;% çn|kTtyk×tfye~A
oL=kfu'P;ksrua çsrk viok;Z ficfUr rsAA
(viok;Z&v×tfya R;DRosfr gsekfæ%) (fuR;deZ&iwtkçdk'k i`- 31)
3- LukukÄ~xriZ.ka ÑRok ;{e.ks tyekgjsr~A (vkpkjsUnq% i`- 46)
vU;Fkk dq#rs ;Lrq Lukua rL;kQya Hkosr~AA (fuR;deZ&iwtkçdk'k i`- 32)
809
A-023
 bZ'kku% loZnsokuke~
;Ue;k nwf"kra rks;a 'kkjhja eylEHkoe~A
rL; ikiL; 'kq¼~;Fk± ;{ek.ka riZ;kE;ge~AA
(fo'okfe=kLe`fr 1@84 FkksM+s ifjorZu ds lkFk vkpkjsUnq% i`- 49 ij)
thforfir`d oL=k fupksM+dj laè;k djus cSBs1] fdarq ftUgsa riZ.k djuk gS] os vHkh oL=k
dks u fupksM+s] riZ.k ds ckn fupksM+sA2
Luku ds ckn ;fn nsg u iksaNh tk;] ty dks ;ksa gh lw[kus fn;k tk; rks vf/d vPNk
gS] D;ksafd flj ls Vidusokys ty dks nsork] eq[kHkkx ls Vidusokys ty dks xU/oZ vkSj uhps ls
fxjusokys ty dks lHkh tUrq ihrs gSaA3 ;fn 'kfDr u gks rks xhys vFkok /ks;s xeNs ls iksaNdj lw[kk
oL=k igusA4 xaxkfn rhFkks± esa Luku djus ij 'kjhj u iksaNus dk fo'ks"k è;ku j[kuk pkfg;sA vU;
LFkyksa ij dqN {k.k #ddj xeNs ls 'kjhj iksaN ldrs gSaA Luku ds ckn xhys oL=k ls ey&ew=k u
djsA vU;Fkk çk;f'pÙkLo:i mls rhu çk.kk;ke dj iqu% Luku djuk pkfg;sA rHkh og iqu% 'kq¼
gks ldsxkA5
rhFkks± esa Jk¼ dh fof/
çk;% çR;sd rhFkZ esa Jk¼ djus dk fo/ku gSA x;k] czãdikyh(cnjhukjk;.k)]
dfiy/kjk(ueZnkrV) vkfn rhFkZ rks Jk¼ ds fy;s vR;Ur çfl¼ gSaA rhFkZJk¼ eas v?;Z]
1- fu"ihM~; LukuoL=ka rq i'pkr~ laè;ka lekpjsr~A
vU;Fkk dq#rs ;Lrq Lukua rL;kQya Hkosr~AA (fuR;deZ&iwtkçdk'k i`- 32 iknfVIi.kh)
2- LukukFkZeqixPNUra nsok% fir`x.kS% lgA
ok;qHkwrkLrq xPNfUr r`"kkrkZ% lfyykfFkZu%AA
fujk'kk% firjks ;kfUr oL=kfu"ihMus ÑrsA
rLekUu ihM;sn~ oL=keÑRok fir`riZ.ke~AA (fuR;deZ&iwtkçdk'k i`- 32 iknfVIi.kh)
3- ficfUr f'kjlks nsok% ficfUr firjks eq[kkr~A
eè;r% loZxU/okZ v/Lrkr~ loZtUro%AA
rLekr~ Lukrks u fue`ZT;kr~ Luku'kkV~;k u ikf.kukA
frlz% dksV~;ks¿/ZdksVh p ;koUR;Ä~x#gkf.k oSA
olfUr loZrhFkkZfu rLekUu ifjektZ;sr~AA (fuR;deZ&iwtkçdk'k i`- 32 iknfVIi.kh)
4- vÄ~xkfu 'kDrks oL=ks.k ikf.kuk u p ektZ;sr~A
/kSrkEcjs.k ok çksÛÓ~N~; fcHk`;kPNq"dokllhAA (fuR;deZ&iwtkçdk'k i`- 33 iknfVIi.kh)
5- Lukua ÑRokæZoL=kLrq fo.ew=ka dq#rs ;fnA
çk.kk;ke=k;a ÑRok iqu% Lukusu 'kq¼~;frAA (fuR;deZ&iwtkçdk'k i`- 33 iknfVIi.kh)
810
A-023
 rhFkks± esa riZ.k ,oa Jk¼ dh laf{kIr fof/
vkokgu] foçkÄ~ x q " Bfuos ' ku] r` f Irç'u] fofdj] foltZ u vkS j fnXcU/ ugha fd;k tkrk
(/eZ f lU/q % i` - 847)A
v?;Zekokgua pSo f}tkaxq"Bfuos'kue~A
r`fIrç'ua p fofdja rhFkZJk¼s footZ;srAA
(fu.kZ;flU/q%] osadVs'oj çsl] cEcbZ] i`- 775)
rhFkZ esa czkã.k&ijh{k.k Hkh ugha djuk pkfg;sA fi.Mnku ik;l] la;ko (?kh] nw/] vkVs dks
idkdj cuk;s x;s ,d inkFkZ) vFkok lÙkw vkfn ls fd;k tkrk gSA bl Jk¼ esa ftldk firk
thfor gks] mldk Hkh vf/dkj gSA
rhFkZ;k=kh dks rhFkZ esa Lukukfn fuR;deZ lekIr dj j{kknhi(lkf{knhi) tykdj] iwoZeq[k
cSBdj igys ifo=k /kj.kiwoZd çk.kk;ke djuk pkfg;sA rnuUrj &
Jk¼kjEHks x;ka è;kRok è;kRok nsoa xnk/je~A
Lofir¤u~ eulk è;kRok rr% Jk¼a lekjHksA
lI; O;k/k n'kk.ksZ"kq e`xk% dky×tjs fxjkSA
pØokdk% 'kj}his galk% ljfl ekulsAA
rs¿fi tkrk% dq#{ks=ks czkã.kk osnikjxk%A
çfLFkrk nh?kZeèokua ;w;a fdeolhnFkAA
ueks ueLrs xksfoUn iqjk.kiq#"kksÙkeA
bna Jk¼a â"khds'k j{krka loZrks fn'k%AA
çkP;S ue%A vokP;S ue%A çrhP;S ue%A mnhP;S ue%AA
&bu eU=kksa ls x;k] xnk/j vkfn nsorkvksa rFkk fn'kkvksa dks ueLdkj djds ;o rFkk iq"iksa
ls ^Jk¼HkwE;S ue%* dgdj i`Foh dk çks{k.k djuk pkfg;sA fQj ^¬ vifo=k% ifo=kks okñ* eU=k
ls vius Åij ty fNM+ddj ns'k&dky dk dhrZu djrs gq, fuEu çdkj ls ladYi djuk pkfg;s&
¬ rRlr~ v|--------veqdks¿ga--------veqdxks=kk.kka fi=kkfnleLrfir¤.kka eks{kkFkZ&
e{k;fo".kqyksdkokIR;Fk± ee vkRelfgrSdksÙkj'kr1 dqyks¼kj.kkFk± veqd x;krhFksZ Jk¼ega
1- firk ds xks=k esa 24] ekr`xks=k esa 20] L=kh ds xks=k esa 16] Hkfxuh ds xks=k esa 12] iq=kh ds xks=k
esa 11] cwvk ds xks=k esa 10 rFkk ekSlh ds xks=k esa 8&;s lkr xks=kksa ds ,d lkS ,d iq#"k gSaA
firk ekrk p Hkk;kZ p Hkfxuh nqfgrk rFkkA
fir`"olk ekr`"olk lIrxks=kkf.k oS fonq%AA
rÙokfu ¯o'kfru`ik }kn'kSdkn'kk n'kA
v"Vkfofr p xks=kk.kka dqyesdksÙkja 'kre~AA
(rhFkk±d i`- 694 dh iknfVIi.kh esa deZdk.Mçnhi dk opu)
811
A-023
 bZ'kku% loZnsokuke~
dfj";sA
fQj& nsorkH;% fir`H;'p egk;ksfxH; ,o pA
ue% Lo/k;S Lokgk;S fuR;eso ueks ue%AA
&bl Jk¼&xk;=kh dks rhu ckj i<+dj vilO; gks tk;] vFkkZr~ tusÅ(;Kksiohr) dks
nkfgus da/s ij /kj.k dj ysA rRi'pkr~ nf{k.keq[k gksdj ck;k¡ ?kqVuk eksM+ ns vkSj ,d osnh
cukdj&
¬ viârk vlqjk j{kk§fl osfn"kn%A
&bl eU=k ls ml ij rhu js[kk,¡ [khapdj&
;s :ikf.k çfreqÛÓekuk vlqjk% lUr% Lo/;k pjfUrA
ijk iqjks fuiqjks ;s HkjUR;fXu"Vk¡Yyksdkr~ ç.kqnkR;Lekr~AA
&bl eU=k ls mlds Åij vÄ~xkj ?kqek;s vkSj mls nf{k.k dh vksj fxjk nsA fQj ml ij
fNUuewy dq'kksa dks QSykdj iq#"klwDr1 ds 16 eU=kksa dk ikB dj ysA rRi'pkr~ ,d nksus(iÙkksa dh
cuh dVksjh) esa ty] fry rFkk pUnu NksM+dj eksVd(nks ifÙk;ksaokyh dq'kk) vkSj fry&ty ysdj
dgs&
v|keqdxks=kk% fir`firkegçfirkegk veqdkeqd 'kekZ.k%(;k oekZ.k% vkfn)
veqdrhFkZJk¼fi.MLFkkus"kq v=kkousfuXèoa o% Lo/k AA 1 AA
v|keqdxks=kk% ekrkegçekrkego`¼çekrkegk
veqdkeqd'kekZ.k(oekZ.k vkfn)&LrhFkZJk¼s v=kkousfuXèoa o% Lo/k AA 2 AA
v|keqdxks=kk% fir`O;kfnleLrkfJrfirj% rhFkZJk¼s
v=kkousfuXèoa o% Lo/k AA 3 AA
rRi'pkr~ fi.Mksa dk fuekZ.k djds mUgsa gkFk eas ysdj fry] e/q] ?kh vkfn feykdj ,d
fi.M&
v|keqdxks=k fir%! veqd'keZu(~ oeZu~ vkfn)! veqdrhFkZJk¼s ,"k rs fi.M% Lo/kA
&dgdj vfiZr djsA blh çdkj uke&xks=k dk mPpkj.k djds firkeg] çfirkeg] ekrk]
firkegh] çfirkegh] ekrkeg] çekrkeg] o`¼çekrkeg] ekrkegh] çekrkegh] o`¼çekrkegh] iRuh]
iq=k] iq=kh] fir`O;(pkpk)] ekrqy(ekek)] fe=k] Hkzkrk] fir`Hkfxuh(cwvk)] ekr`Hkfxuh(ekSlh)]
vkReHkfxuh(cgu)] 'o'kqj] ÜÒJw(lkl)] xq#] f'k";kfn ds fy;s Hkh fi.Mnku djuk pkfg;sA vUr es& a
vKkrukexks=kk% leLrkfJrfirjLrhFkZJk¼s ,"k o% fi.M% Lo/kA
1- ;tqosZn ds 31 losa vè;k; ds çkjaHk ds 16 eU=kA bu eU=kksa dk ewy ikB blh iqLrd ds ^f'ko'krukeLrks=k*
okys vè;k; ds vUrxZr vk;k gSA ikBd ogk¡ ns[k ldrs gSaA
812
A-023
 rhFkks± esa riZ.k ,oa Jk¼ dh laf{kIr fof/
&dgdj lHkh vKkr firjksa dks Hkh ,d fi.M nsA fQj ,d lkekU; fi.M fuEu eU=k ls ns&
fir`oa'ks e`rk ;s p ekr`oa'ks rFkSo pA
xq#'o'kqjcU/wuka ;s pkU;s ckU/okn;%AA
;s es dqys yqIrfi.Mk% iq=knkjfooftZrk%A
fØ;kyksixrk ;s p tkR;U/k% iÄ~xoLrFkkAA
fo:ik vkexHkkZ'p KkrkKkrk% dqys eeA
rs"kka fi.Mks e;k nÙkks g~;{kÕ;eqifr"Brke~AA
&blh çdkj fuEufyf[kr eU=k ls ,d fi.M vkSj nsuk pkfg;s&
vkczã.kks ;s fir`o'a ktkrk ekrqLrFkk oa'kHkok enh;k%A
dqy};s ;s ee nklHkwrk Hk`R;kLrFkSokfJrlsodk'pAA
fe=kkf.k f'k";k% i'ko'p o`{kk% Li`"Vk'p n`"Vk'p Ñrksidkjk%A
tUekUrjs ;s ee laxrk'p rsH;% Lo/k fi.Mega nnkfeAA
mfPNUudqyoa'kkuka ;s"kka nkrk dqys u fgA
/eZfi.Mks e;k nÙkks g~;{kÕ;eqifr"BrqAA
fQj ^gLrysiHkkt% firj% çh;Urke~* bl eU=k ls dq'k&ewy ls gkFk iksaNdj lO; gks
tk;&;Kksiohr dks iqu% ck;sa dU/s ij ys vk;s vkSj Hkxoku~ dk Lej.k djsA rRi'pkr~ iqu%
vilO; gksdj ^v=k firjks ekn;èoe~* bl eU=k dk ti djsA fQj ck;sa Øe ls ?kwers gq,
mÙkjeq[k gks tk; vkSj 'okl jksddj ^vehenUr firjks ;FkkHkkxeko`"kk;h"kr* dgrs gq,
nf{k.keq[k gksdj fi.M NksM+ nsA fQj fuEu okD;ksa ls çR;oustuty ns1&
v|keqdxks=kk% fir`firkegk% rhFkZJk¼fi.Ms"kq v=k çR;ousfuXèoa o% Lo/kA
v|keqdxks=kk% ekrkegkn;% rhFkZJk¼fi.Ms"kq v=k çR;ousfuXèoa o% Lo/kAA
v|keqdxks=kk% leLrkfJrfirj% rhFkZJk¼s v=k çR;ousfuXèoa o% Lo/kA
fQj uhoh&foltZu2 djds lO; gks vkpeu dj HkxoRLej.k djs rFkk iqu% vilO; gks
tk;A fQj ,d lwr ysdj&
ueks o% firjks jlk; ueks o% firj% 'kks"kk; ueks o% firjks thok; ueks o% firj%
Lo/k;S ueks o% firjks ?kksjk; ueks o% firjks eU;os ueks o% firj% firjks ueks o%A ,r}%
firjks okl%A
&bl eU=k ls lHkh fi.Mksa ij mls j[k ns ;k çR;sd fi.M ij ,d&,d ;k rhu&rhu lwr
1- fi.Mnku ds ckn fn;k tkusokyk ty ^çR;oustuty* rFkk dq'kk ds fcNkus ij fi.Mnku ds igys fn;k
tkusokyk ty ^voustu* dgykrk gSA
2- /ksrh ds iYys ds Nksj ds vUr esa viuh j{kk ds fy;s ck¡/h xk¡B dks ^uhoh* dgrs gSaA xkaB [kksyuk gh
uhoh&foltZu dgykrk gSA
813
A-023
 bZ'kku% loZnsokuke~
nsA rRi'pkr~ lHkh fi.Mksa ij fir`iwtu ds mís'; ls xU/] iq"i] /wi] nhi] uSos| rkEcwy vkfn
viZ.k djs vkSj fQj lO; gksdj ^v?kksjk% firj% lUrq* rFkk ^¬ Åt± ogUrhje`ra ?k`ra i;%
dhykya ifjlzqre~ Lo/kLFk riZ;r~ es fir¤u~A* &bu eU=kksa ls fi.M ij iwoZeq[k gksdj
ty/kjk fxjk;sA fQj gkFk tksM+dj çkFkZuk djs&
v?kksjk% firj% lUrqA xks=ka uks o¼Zrke~A nkrkjks uks¿fHko/ZUrke~A osnk% larfrjso pA
J¼k p uks ek O;xer~A cgq ns;a p uks¿LrqA vUua p uks cgq Hkosr~A vfrFkha'p yHksefgA
;kfprkj'p u% lUrqA ek p ;kfp"e dapuA ,rk% lR;k vkf'k"k% lUrqA lURosrk% lR;k
vkf'k"k%A
vk;q% çtka /ua fo|ka Lox± eks{ka lq[kkfu pA
ç;PNUrq rFkk jkT;a firj% Jk¼rfiZrk%AA
fQj vilO; gksdj fi.M ij ifo=klfgr dq'kksa dks j[kdj nf{k.keq[k gksdj iwoksZDr ^Åt±
ogUrhje`rañ* eU=k ls iqu% ty /kjk ns vkSj >qddj fi.Mksa dks mBkdj j[k ys rFkk fi.Mksa ds
vk/kjHkwr dq'kksa dks vfXu esa Mky ns vkSj &
vL; rhFkZJk¼L; Qyçfr"Bkfl¼~;Fk± fir¤.kka Lo.k± jtra rnHkkos ¯dfpn~
O;kogkfjda æO;a ok ;Fkkukexks=ksH;% czkã.ksH;% nf{k.kka nkrqegeqRl`tsA1
bl ladYi ls czkã.k dks ;Fkk'kfDr nf{k.kk nsA lEHko gks rks ;Fkk'kfDr ,d ;k rhu
czkã.kksa dks Hkkstu djkdj iwtk djsA fQj j{kknhi cq>kdj] gkFk&iSj /ksdj lO; gksdj vkpeu
djs rFkk iqu% rhu ckj iwoksZDr fir`xk;=kh(nsorkH;% firH̀;'pñ) dk ti djsA fQj xkS] dkd
,oa 'oku dks cfy ns vkSj&
^vusu fi.Mnkuk[;su deZ.kk JhHkxoku~ fir`Lo:iks tuknZuoklqnso% çh;rke~A*
fQj& çeknkr~ dqoZrka deZ çP;osrkèojs"kq ;r~A
Lej.kknso rn~ fo".kks% lEiw.k± L;kfnfr Jqfr%AA
;L; Le`R;k p ukeksDR;k riks;KfØ;kfn"kqA
U;wua lEiw.kZrka ;kfr l|ks oUns reP;qre~AA
&vkfn eU=kksa ls ^fo".kos ue%] fo".kos ue%] fo".kos ue%* dgdj HkxoRçkFkZuk djrs
gq, fo".oiZ.k djds fi.Mksa dks rhFkZ esa NksM+ nsA
bfr rhFkZJk¼fof/%
(mi;qZDr ys[k eq[;r% xhrkçsl] xksj[kiqj }kjk çdkf'kr fuR;deZ&iwtkçdk'k rFkk rhFkk±d ij vk/kfjr gSA)
❁❁❁❁❁❁
1- ^Jk¼x.kifr* ds vuqlkj nf{k.kk nsus ds ckn Hkh ^lIrO;k/k n'kk.ksZ"kqñ* vkfn iwoksZDr 'yksd i<+us
pkfg;sA
814
A-023