HA8102 Mini Formulaire Mathématique

HA8102 — Mini Formulaire de Mathématiques pour la Physique —

Alphabet grec
nom minus. maj. nom minus. maj. nom minus. maj. nom minus. maj.
alpha α A êta η H nu ν N tau τ T
bêta β B thêta θ Θ ksi ξ Ξ upsilon υ Υ
gamma γ Γ iota ι I omicron o 0 phi φ Φ
delta δ ∆ kappa κ K pi π Π khi χ X
epsilon  E lambda λ Λ rho ρ P psi ψ Ψ
zêta ζ Z mu µ M sigma σ Σ ômega ω Ω

Trigonométrie
x 0 π/6 √π/4 √π/3 π/2 sin(x) 1
tan(x) = cos2 (x) + sin2 (x) = 1 1 + tan2 (x) =
sin(x) 0 √1/2 √2/2 3/2 1 cos(x) cos2 (x)
cos(x) 1 √3/2 2/2 1/2
√ 0 ejx + e−jx ejx − e−jx
tan(x) 0 3/3 1 3 − ejx = cos(x) + j sin(x) cos(x) = sin(x) =
2 2
sin(−x) = − sin(x) sin( π2 − x) = cos(x) sin( π2 + x) = cos(x) sin(π − x) = sin(x) sin(π + x) = − sin(x)
cos(−x) = cos(x) cos( π2 − x) = sin(x) cos( π2 + x) = − sin(x) cos(π − x) = − cos(x) cos(π + x) = − cos(x)
sin(a + b) = sin(a) cos(b) + cos(a) sin(b) sin(a − b) = sin(a) cos(b) − cos(a) sin(b) cos(2x) = 2 cos2 (x) − 1
cos(a + b) = cos(a) cos(b) − sin(a) sin(b) cos(a − b) = cos(a) cos(b) + sin(a) sin(b) sin(2x) = 2 sin(x) cos(x)
cos(a−b)−cos(a+b)
sin(p) + sin(q) = 2 sin( p+q p−q
2 ) cos( 2 ) sin(p) − sin(q) = 2 sin( p−q p+q
2 ) cos( 2 ) sin(a) sin(b) = 2
cos(a−b)+cos(a+b
cos(p) + cos(q) = 2 cos( p+q p−q p+q p−q
2 ) cos( 2 ) cos(p) − cos(q) = −2 sin( 2 ) sin( 2 ) cos(a) cos(b) = 2

Dérivées usuelles
f (x) f 0 (x) f (x) f 0 (x) f (x) f 0 (x) f (x) f 0 (x)
√ u0
x α αx α−1 sin(x) cos(x) (uv) u v + uv 0
0 u √
2 u où u et v représentent
x x u u0 v−uv 0 1 0
e e cos(x) − sin(x) v v2 x − uu2 des fonctions, sous
ln |x| 1/x tan(x) 1 + tan2 (x) (u ◦ v) v 0 × (u0 ◦ v) uα αu0 uα−1 réserve d’existence
1 u0
ax ln(a)ax arctan(x) 1+x2 ln |u| u eu u0 eu

Primitives usuelles R R R R
f (x) f (x)dx f (x) f (x)dx f (x) f (x)dx f (x) f (x)dx
uα+1 (x) 1 1 ax
u0 (x)uα (x) α+1 (α 6 1)
= 1
x ln |x| cos2 (x)
tan(x) eax a e (a 6= 0)
u0 (x)
ln |u(x)| xα xα+1
α+1 (α 6= 1)
1
sin2 (x)
− cos(x)
sin(x)
ax a +
ln(a) (a ∈ R∗ \{1})
u(x)
1
u0 (x)eu(x) eu(x) cos(x) sin(x) tan(x) ln | cos(x)| 1+x2
arctan(x)
cos(x)
u0 (x) cos(u(x)) sin(u(x)) sin(x) − cos(x) ln | sin(x)| √ 1 arcsin(x)
sin(x) 1−x2

Intégration
Z b Z b Z b
0 0 b
f (x)dx = f (b) − f (a) u (x)v(x)dx = [u(x)v(x)]a − u(x)v 0 (x)dx sous réserve d’existence
a a a

Approximations usuelles en 0
α(α−1) 2
ex ' 1 + x + 12 x2 cos(x) ' 1 − 21 x2 sin(x) ' x ln(1 + x) ' x − 12 x2 (1 + x)α ' 1 + αx + 2 x

Pour
√ mémoire √ b
√
−b± b2 −4ac
x2 = |x| a + jb = a2 + b2 ej arctan a ax2 + bx + c de racines x± = 2a

PeiP1A Y.M.