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L'Union pour un mouvement populaire (UMP) est un parti politique franais de la droite et
du centre droit, hritier de l'Union pour la majorit prsidentielle, dont il a gard les initiales,
mouvement qui avait pour ambition, au dbut des annes 2000, de rassembler les
tendances gaullistes, centristes, librales et conservatrices franaises. Son but tait de soutenir la
candidature du prsident Jacques Chirac sa propre succession en 2002. L'UMP a soutenu les
gouvernements nomms par ce dernier de 2002 2007, puis parNicolas Sarkozy de 2007 2012.
C'est aujourd'hui le principal parti d'opposition parlementaire.
L'UMP est ne le 17 novembre 2002 de la fusion du Rassemblement pour la Rpublique (RPR),
de Dmocratie librale et d'cologie bleue en un seul parti auquel se sont associs le Forum des
rpublicains sociaux (FRS), leCentre national des indpendants et paysans (CNIP) et le Parti
radical, qui eux conservrent leur autonomie au sein du nouveau mouvement. Les deux tiers des
dputs membres de l'Union pour la dmocratie franaise (UDF) les rejoignirent par la suite. Les
partis associs l'UMP ont dsormais repris leur indpendance et plusieurs personnalits centristes
l'ont quitt pour former l'Union des dmocrates et indpendants (UDI) en 2012.
Au 9 juillet 2014, le secrtariat du mouvement annonce 143 000 adhrents jour de cotisation, en
recul par rapport au chiffre de 318 000 annonc mi-2013. L'UMP est, avec le PS, l'une des deux
premires forces politiques en nombre d'adhrents en France.
The Union for a Popular Movement (UMP) is a French political party of the right and
center right, heir to the Union for the Presidential Majority, which he kept the initials
movement that aims at early 2000 to bring together the Gaullist tendencies,
centrist, liberal and conservative French. Its purpose was to support the candidacy
of President Jacques Chirac to his own succession in 2002. The UMP has supported
governments appointed by him from 2002 to 2007 and then by Nicolas Sarkozy
from 2007 to 2012. It is now the main parliamentary opposition party.
The UMP was born November 17, 2002 from the merger of the Rally for the Republic
(RPR), Liberal Democracy and Blue Ecology in one party that joined the Forum of
Social Republicans (FRS), the National Centre for Independents and Peasants (CNIP)
and the radical Party, which they preserved their autonomy within the new
movement. Two thirds of EU Member Parliament for French Democracy (UDF) joined
them later. Parties associated with the UMP have now resumed their independence
and more centrist figures have left to form the Union of Democrats and
Independents (IDUs) in 2012.
July 9, 2014, the secretariat of the movement announced 143,000 members to date
of contribution, down from the figure of 318,000 announced in mid-2013. The UMP
is with the PS, one of the first two political forces in membership in France.
Prsentation
Prsident
Nicolas Sarkozy
(depuis 2014)
Fondation
17 novembre 2002
Sige
Vice-prsidente dlgue
Nathalie Kosciusko-Morizet
Secrtaire gnral
Laurent Wauquiez
Trsorier
Daniel Fasquelle
Personnages-cls
Jacques Chirac
Alain Jupp
Nicolas Sarkozy
Xavier Bertrand
Jean-Franois Cop
Jean-Pierre Raffarin
Franois Fillon
Nathalie Kosciusko-Morizet
Adhrents
Positionnement
Idologie
Gaullisme2,3,4
Conservatisme4
Libral-conservatisme3
Dmocratie chrtienne4
Affiliation internationale
Internationale dmocrate
centriste et Union dmocratique
internationale
Affiliation europenne
Couleurs
Bleu, rouge
Site web
www.u-m-p.org/
Prsidents de groupe
Snat
Bruno Retailleau
Assemble
Christian Jacob
Parlement europen
Dputs
199 / 577
Snateurs
144 / 348
Dputs europens
20 / 74
Prsidence de conseils
gnraux
27 / 101
Prsidence de conseils
4 / 27
rgionaux
20 / 41
presentation
President Nicolas Sarkozy
(since 2014)
Foundation November 17, 2002
Seat 238, rue de Vaugirard
75015 Paris Cedex 15
Associate Vice President Nathalie Kosciusko-Morizet
Secretary-General Laurent Wauquiez
Treasurer Daniel Fasquelle
Key figures Jacques Chirac
Alain Jupp
Nicolas Sarkozy
Xavier Bertrand
Jean-Francois Cope
Jean-Pierre Raffarin
Franois Fillon
Nathalie Kosciusko-Morizet
143,000 members announced
(July 2014) 1
Idologie
L'UMP estime que le destin de chaque individu doit tre inutilis et il rejette les
systmes politiques qui touffent la libert conomique". Il dit que le travail, le
mrite, l'innovation et l'initiative personnelle doivent tre encourags rduire le
chmage et stimuler la croissance conomique; mais en mme temps, il soutient
que le respect de la primaut du droit et l'autorit de l'Etat est ncessaire. Dans une
tradition gaulliste, l'UMP affirme qu'il soutient fermement la solidarit, avec l'tat de
garantir la protection sociale des personnes moins fortunes. Mais dans une veine
plus libral, le parti a toujours dnonc l'assistanat, un terme franais qui peuvent
se rfrer des dons de bien-tre".
Le parti a pris des positions plus nationalistes parfois, et a souvent adopt des
positions dures contre l'immigration et l'immigration clandestine. Il soutient
fermement l'intgration et de l'assimilation des immigrants dans la socit
franaise et a toujours dnonc le communautarisme comme un danger pour l'Etatnation franais. Cependant, l'UMP a toujours t un fervent partisan de l'intgration
europenne et l'Union europenne, bien que parfois avec un soupon de
souverainisme gaulliste traditionnelle. [55]
Ideology
The UMP is a centre-right or right-wing party which was created to represent the
various families of the French right, uniting the traditions of Gaullism, Christian
democracy, classical liberalism and radicalism. As such, it has officially adopted
fairly vague policy statements which emphasize consensual common values.
The UMP believes that each individual's destiny must be unencumbered and it
rejects political systems which "stifle economic freedom". It says that work, merit,
innovation and personal initiative must be encouraged to reduce unemployment
and boost economic growth; but at the same time, it maintains that adherence to
the rule of law and the authority of the state is necessary. In a Gaullist tradition, the
UMP claims that it strongly supports solidarity, with the state guaranteeing social
protection of less fortunate individuals. But in a more liberal vein, the party has
always denounced l'assistanat, a French term which can refer to "welfare handouts".
The party has taken more nationalist positions at times, and has often adopted
tough stances against immigration and illegal immigration. It strongly supports the
integration and assimilation of immigrants into French society and has always
denounced communitarianism as a danger to the French nation-state. However, the
UMP has traditionally been a strong proponent of European integration and the
European Union, albeit sometimes with a hint of traditional Gaullist souverainism.
[55]
Under Nicolas Sarkozy's leadership, the UMP adopted a liberal and security-oriented
platform. His platform in the 2007 and 2012 presidential elections emphasized the
ideas of personal responsibility and individual initiative. He developed the idea of
"working more to earn more", promising that overtime hours would not be taxed
and employers exonerated from non-wage labour costs.[56] Under his presidency,
the government's short-lived tax cap for high-income earners was denounced by the
left but also several centrist and centre-right politicians within or outside the UMP.
Having gained his popularity as a 'hardliner' Interior minister, Sarkozy's policies also
carried a strong law-and-order and tough on crime orientation. He supported
tougher sentences for criminals and repeat offenders.[56] As candidate and
President, he placed heavy emphasis on immigration and national identity,
presenting immigration as a danger to French identity and as source of increased
criminality. As President, he imposed stricter limits on family reunification, created a
Ministry of Immigration, and National Identity for three years between 2007 and
2010, launched a controversial national dialogue on national identity and expelled
thousands of Roma from illegal camps.[56]