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Amphi 12 PDF
Amphi 12 PDF
Alain PECKER
Anne 2015
Amphi 11
p(t)
uS(t)
Structure
Fluide
MOUVEMENT DU FLUIDE
Equation dquilibre:
2u
div( ) + f = 2
t
= p1
2u
p + f = 2
t
Elimination de u:
2
div( p) =
2 [ div(u)]
t
p = c 2 div(u)
p x
p = p y
p z
p
2
c p = 2
t
rx ry rz
+
+
div(r ) =
x y z
2p 2p 2p
div( p) = p = 2 + 2 + 2
x
y
z
2u
Tenant compte de: p = 2
t
2 uS
1 p
n. 2
=
n
t
Rayonnement linfini:
p
p
2
c p
=
t 2
2
2
p
2
p
2
c ( 2+=
)
r
r r
t 2
= rp
Changement de variable: p
2
2
p
p
2
c
= 2
2
r
t
r p = g1 (r ct) + g 2 (r + ct)
lim (r p ) <
r
MOUVEMENT DE LA STRUCTURE
uS = uS (X,q(t))
uS uS
=
US =
q
t
q
( M q ) .Q + ( Kq + Cq ) .Q =
uS
US =
Q
q
P ( Fe + Ff )
da =
n. S .U
S
uS
p n . q .Q da
Domaine frquentiel:
Structure:
Fluide:
A(t) = A 0 ei t
uS
da
M + i C + K q= Fe + p n .
q
p
2
c p = 2
t
2
=
p + p 0
2
c
sur f
2 uS
US
uS
uS
1 p
2
= q n .
= n. 2 = n.
= n.
q
n
t
t
q
q
REPONSE DE LA STRUCTURE
uS
M + i C + K =
q F e + S(q)n .
da
q
2
RESONATEUR DHELMHOLTZ
L
k
S
m
Fluide
Cas particulier S = s
p=0
Sollicitation harmonique:
F ei t
Equation du piston:
Equation du fluide:
2
d 2p
p+ 2 =
0
2
c
dx
Condition dinterface:
m2 + k u + xxS = F
1 p
=2u
(0) =u
x
xx = p(0)
p(x) A sin (L x)
=
c
p(L) = 0
L
)
xx = c u tg(
c
Notations:
m F = SL
masse de fluide
c
F =
L
frquence acoustique
L
L
S xx = S c u tg(
) = m F F u tg(
)
c
c
2
2 F
m + k m F tg( ) u =F
F
Interaction fluide-structure
2
2 F
m + k m F tg( ) u =F
F
Faible frquence:
(m + m F ) 2 + k u =F
k
0 =
m + mF
F ou
> F
m + k mF
tg( ) =0
F
2
= F tg( )
F
2
0
=
0
k
m
mF
=
m
PRESSION HYDRODYNAMIQUE
y
p(y,t)
u = u0 sin(t)
Hypothses:
Fluide incompressible
Effet de surface libre nglig
Ouvrage rigide
H
u=u0 sin(t)
Fluide
p(x
=
, y H,
=
t) 0
p(x =
, y, t) =
0
x
1 2p
p =2 2
c t
2p 2p
p=
+ 2= 0
2
x
y
p
y 0=
,
0
2 =
1 p
y
.
n
u
=
S
2
p
n t
x =0 ,
=u 0 2 sin(t)
x
f
g
=
=
a2
g
f
ax
ax
p(x , y) =
A
cos(ay)
B
sin(ay)
Ce
De
+
+
[
]
p(x, y =
0, t)
= 0
y
C=0
B=0
p(x, y ==
H) 0 aH=(2n 1) =
n
2
y n Hx
p(x, y) A n cos( n ) e
=
H
n =1
x =0 ,
p
=u 0 2 sin(t)
x
n
y
2
A
cos(
)
=
sin( t)
n
n
0
H
H
n =1
H
H
n
y
y
y
2
A
cos(
)
cos(
)
dy
u
sin(
t)
cos(
) dy
n 0
k
n
0
k
0
H
H
H
H
n =1
( 1)n +1
2
An =
2
H sin(t)
0
2
n
p(x, y, t) =2 H u 0 e
2
i t
n +1
( 1)
n =1
n
y
cos( n ) e
H
0 = u
0n ein t
u
n =1
( 1)n +1
y n Hx
0 H
p(x, y, t) =
2u
cos( n ) e
2
n
H
n =1
x
H
y
H
1.2
1
0.8
0.6
0.4
0.2
0
0
Rsultante:
Hydrostatique:
0.2
0 H 2
0.543u
0.50 g H 2
0.4
0.6
p
0
Hu
0.8
MODELISATION
Forme de lquation de la pression
( 1)n +1
y
0 H
p(0, y, t) =
2u
cos( n )
2
H
n
n =1
0 H
p(0, y, t) = u
0
p(0, y, t) = m u
Masse ajoute
PRESSIONS HYDRODYNAMIQUES
65m
90m
FLUIDE INCOMPRESSIBLE
70
0 = 1m / s 2
u
60
Hauteur
50
40
30
20
10
0
0
10
15
20
Pression (kPa)
Compressibilit du fluide:
p =
0
p
2
c p = 2
t
p(y = H) = g u y
2u
p = 2
t
p 1 2 p
+
=
0
2
y g t
INFLUENCE COMPRESSIBILITE
ET MOUVEMENT SURFACE LIBRE
100
Compressibilit
+
surface libre
80
60
40
20
0
0.1
Frquence (Hz)
10
PAREMENT VERTICAL
Compressibilit du fluide:
H H
=
< 100m / s
T 2
< 4%
< 5%
INTERACTION FLUIDE-STRUCTURE
Modifie la rponse vibratoire de la structure
Se traduit par:
modification
de la masse apparente
modification de la raideur (haute frquence)
modification de lamortissement (haute
frquence)
Phnomnes sismiques:
effet
MASSES AJOUTEES
t<<a
2R
2a
2a
m = R 2
m = a
8
m=
R 3
3
=
m 1.51 a 2
m = a 2
m=0
m = a 2b
4