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MINISTÈRE DE L'ÉDUCATION NATIONALE, DE L'ENSEIGNEMENT SUPÉRIEUR ET DE LA RECHERCHE

BULLETIN
DE L’INSTITUT FRANÇAIS
D’ARCHÉOLOGIE ORIENTALE
en ligne en ligne en ligne en ligne en ligne en ligne en ligne en ligne en ligne en ligne

BIFAO 104 (2004), p. 1-20


Sydney H. Aufrère

Imhotep et Djoser dans la région de la cataracte. De Memphis à Éléphantine.

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BIFAO 104 (2004), p. 1-20 Sydney H. Aufrère )


Imhotep et Djoser dans la région de la cataracte. De Memphis à Éléphantine.
© IFAO 2023 BIFAO en ligne https://www.ifao.egnet.net

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BIFAO
* 104 (2004), p. 1-20 Sydney H. Aufrère
Imhotep et Djoser dans la région de la cataracte. De Memphis à Éléphantine.
© IFAO 2023 BIFAO en ligne https://www.ifao.egnet.net

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BIFAO 104 (2004), p. 1-20 Sydney H. Aufrère +


Imhotep et Djoser dans la région de la cataracte. De Memphis à Éléphantine.
© IFAO 2023 BIFAO en ligne https://www.ifao.egnet.net

Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)


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BIFAO
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Imhotep et Djoser dans la région de la cataracte. De Memphis à Éléphantine.
© IFAO 2023 BIFAO en ligne https://www.ifao.egnet.net

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BIFAO 104 (2004), p. 1-20 Sydney H. Aufrère -


Imhotep et Djoser dans la région de la cataracte. De Memphis à Éléphantine.
© IFAO 2023 BIFAO en ligne https://www.ifao.egnet.net

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BIFAO
. 104 (2004), p. 1-20 Sydney H. Aufrère
Imhotep et Djoser dans la région de la cataracte. De Memphis à Éléphantine.
© IFAO 2023 BIFAO en ligne https://www.ifao.egnet.net

Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)


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BIFAO 104 (2004), p. 1-20 Sydney H. Aufrère /


Imhotep et Djoser dans la région de la cataracte. De Memphis à Éléphantine.
© IFAO 2023 BIFAO en ligne https://www.ifao.egnet.net

Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)


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BIFAO
0 104 (2004), p. 1-20 Sydney H. Aufrère
Imhotep et Djoser dans la région de la cataracte. De Memphis à Éléphantine.
© IFAO 2023 BIFAO en ligne https://www.ifao.egnet.net

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Imhotep et Djoser dans la région de la cataracte. De Memphis à Éléphantine.
© IFAO 2023 BIFAO en ligne https://www.ifao.egnet.net

Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)


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BIFAO
)( 104 (2004), p. 1-20 Sydney H. Aufrère
Imhotep et Djoser dans la région de la cataracte. De Memphis à Éléphantine.
© IFAO 2023 BIFAO en ligne https://www.ifao.egnet.net

Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)


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BIFAO 104 (2004), p. 1-20 Sydney H. Aufrère ))


Imhotep et Djoser dans la région de la cataracte. De Memphis à Éléphantine.
© IFAO 2023 BIFAO en ligne https://www.ifao.egnet.net

Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)


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BIFAO
)* 104 (2004), p. 1-20 Sydney H. Aufrère
Imhotep et Djoser dans la région de la cataracte. De Memphis à Éléphantine.
© IFAO 2023 BIFAO en ligne https://www.ifao.egnet.net

Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)


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BIFAO 104 (2004), p. 1-20 Sydney H. Aufrère )+


Imhotep et Djoser dans la région de la cataracte. De Memphis à Éléphantine.
© IFAO 2023 BIFAO en ligne https://www.ifao.egnet.net

Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)


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BIFAO
), 104 (2004), p. 1-20 Sydney H. Aufrère
Imhotep et Djoser dans la région de la cataracte. De Memphis à Éléphantine.
© IFAO 2023 BIFAO en ligne https://www.ifao.egnet.net

Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)


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BIFAO 104 (2004), p. 1-20 Sydney H. Aufrère )-


Imhotep et Djoser dans la région de la cataracte. De Memphis à Éléphantine.
© IFAO 2023 BIFAO en ligne https://www.ifao.egnet.net

Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)


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BIFAO
). 104 (2004), p. 1-20 Sydney H. Aufrère
Imhotep et Djoser dans la région de la cataracte. De Memphis à Éléphantine.
© IFAO 2023 BIFAO en ligne https://www.ifao.egnet.net

Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)


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BIFAO 104 (2004), p. 1-20 Sydney H. Aufrère )/


Imhotep et Djoser dans la région de la cataracte. De Memphis à Éléphantine.
© IFAO 2023 BIFAO en ligne https://www.ifao.egnet.net

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BIFAO
)0 104 (2004), p. 1-20 Sydney H. Aufrère
Imhotep et Djoser dans la région de la cataracte. De Memphis à Éléphantine.
© IFAO 2023 BIFAO en ligne https://www.ifao.egnet.net

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BIFAO 104 (2004), p. 1-20 Sydney H. Aufrère )1


Imhotep et Djoser dans la région de la cataracte. De Memphis à Éléphantine.
© IFAO 2023 BIFAO en ligne https://www.ifao.egnet.net

Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)


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BIFAO
*( 104 (2004), p. 1-20 Sydney H. Aufrère
Imhotep et Djoser dans la région de la cataracte. De Memphis à Éléphantine.
© IFAO 2023 BIFAO en ligne https://www.ifao.egnet.net

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