M23/5/MATHY/SP1/ENG/TZ1/XX/M

Markscheme

May 2023

Mathematics:
applications and interpretation

Standard level

Paper 1

24 pages
 –2– M23/5/MATHY/SP1/ENG/TZ1/XX/M

© International Baccalaureate Organization 2023

All rights reserved. No part of this product may be reproduced in any form or by any
electronic or mechanical means, including information storage and retrieval systems,
without the prior written permission from the IB. Additionally, the license tied with this
product prohibits use of any selected files or extracts from this product. Use by third
parties, including but not limited to publishers, private teachers, tutoring or study services,
preparatory schools, vendors operating curriculum mapping services or teacher resource
digital platforms and app developers, whether fee-covered or not, is prohibited and is a
criminal offense.

More information on how to request written permission in the form of a license can be
obtained from https://ibo.org/become-an-ib-school/ib-publishing/licensing/applying-for-a-
license/.

© Organisation du Baccalauréat International 2023

Tous droits réservés. Aucune partie de ce produit ne peut être reproduite sous quelque
forme ni par quelque moyen que ce soit, électronique ou mécanique, y compris des
systèmes de stockage et de récupération d’informations, sans l’autorisation écrite
préalable de l’IB. De plus, la licence associée à ce produit interdit toute utilisation de tout
fichier ou extrait sélectionné dans ce produit. L’utilisation par des tiers, y compris, sans
toutefois s’y limiter, des éditeurs, des professeurs particuliers, des services de tutorat ou
d’aide aux études, des établissements de préparation à l’enseignement supérieur, des
fournisseurs de services de planification des programmes d’études, des gestionnaires de
plateformes pédagogiques en ligne, et des développeurs d’applications, moyennant
paiement ou non, est interdite et constitue une infraction pénale.

Pour plus d’informations sur la procédure à suivre pour obtenir une autorisation écrite
sous la forme d’une licence, rendez-vous à l’adresse https://ibo.org/become-an-ib-school/
ib-publishing/licensing/applying-for-a-license/.

© Organización del Bachillerato Internacional, 2023

Todos los derechos reservados. No se podrá reproducir ninguna parte de este producto
de ninguna forma ni por ningún medio electrónico o mecánico, incluidos los sistemas de
almacenamiento y recuperación de información, sin la previa autorización por escrito del
IB. Además, la licencia vinculada a este producto prohíbe el uso de todo archivo o
fragmento seleccionado de este producto. El uso por parte de terceros —lo que incluye,
a título enunciativo, editoriales, profesores particulares, servicios de apoyo académico o
ayuda para el estudio, colegios preparatorios, desarrolladores de aplicaciones y
entidades que presten servicios de planificación curricular u ofrezcan recursos para
docentes mediante plataformas digitales—, ya sea incluido en tasas o no, está prohibido
y constituye un delito.

En este enlace encontrará más información sobre cómo solicitar una autorización por
escrito en forma de licencia: https://ibo.org/become-an-ib-school/ib-publishing/licensing/
applying-for-a-license/.
 –3– M23/5/MATHY/SP1/ENG/TZ1/XX/M

Instructions to Examiners

Abbreviations

M Marks awarded for attempting to use a correct Method.

A Marks awarded for an Answer or for Accuracy; often dependent on preceding M marks.

R Marks awarded for clear Reasoning.

AG Answer given in the question and so no marks are awarded.

FT Follow through. The practice of awarding marks, despite candidate errors in previous parts, for their
correct methods/answers using incorrect results.

Using the markscheme

1 General

Award marks using the annotations as noted in the markscheme eg M1, A2.

2 Method and Answer/Accuracy marks

• Do not automatically award full marks for a correct answer; all working must be checked, and
marks awarded according to the markscheme.

• It is generally not possible to award M0 followed by A1, as A mark(s) depend on the preceding M
mark(s), if any.

• Where M and A marks are noted on the same line, e.g. M1A1, this usually means M1 for an
attempt to use an appropriate method (e.g. substitution into a formula) and A1 for using the
correct values.

• Where there are two or more A marks on the same line, they may be awarded independently; so if
the first value is incorrect, but the next two are correct, award A0A1A1.

• Where the markscheme specifies A3, M2 etc., do not split the marks, unless there is a note.

• The response to a “show that” question does not need to restate the AG line, unless a Note makes
this explicit in the markscheme.

• Once a correct answer to a question or part question is seen, ignore further working even if this
working is incorrect and/or suggests a misunderstanding of the question. This will encourage a
uniform approach to marking, with less examiner discretion. Although some candidates may be
advantaged for that specific question item, it is likely that these candidates will lose marks elsewhere
too.

• An exception to the previous rule is when an incorrect answer from further working is used in a
subsequent part. For example, when a correct exact value is followed by an incorrect decimal
approximation in the first part and this approximation is then used in the second part. In this situation,
award FT marks as appropriate but do not award the final A1 in the first part. Examples:
 –4– M23/5/MATHY/SP1/ENG/TZ1/XX/M

Correct Further Any FT issues?

Action
answer seen working seen
1. 5.65685... No. Award A1 for the final mark
8 2 (incorrect Last part in question. (condone the incorrect further
decimal value) working)
2. 35 0.468111… Yes. Award A0 for the final mark
(incorrect Value is used in (and full FT is available in
72 decimal value) subsequent parts. subsequent parts)

3 Implied marks

Implied marks appear in brackets e.g. (M1),and can only be awarded if correct work is seen or
implied by subsequent working/answer.

4 Follow through marks (only applied after an error is made)

Follow through (FT) marks are awarded where an incorrect answer from one part of a question is
used correctly in subsequent part(s) (e.g. incorrect value from part (a) used in part (d) or incorrect
value from part (c)(i) used in part (c)(ii)). Usually, to award FT marks, there must be working
present and not just a final answer based on an incorrect answer to a previous part. However, if all
the marks awarded in a subsequent part are for the answer or are implied, then FT marks should be
awarded for their correct answer, even when working is not present.

For example: following an incorrect answer to part (a) that is used in subsequent parts, where the
markscheme for the subsequent part is (M1)A1, it is possible to award full marks for their correct
answer, without working being seen. For longer questions where all but the answer marks are
implied this rule applies but may be overwritten by a Note in the Markscheme.

• Within a question part, once an error is made, no further A marks can be awarded for work which
uses the error, but M marks may be awarded if appropriate.

• If the question becomes much simpler because of an error then use discretion to award fewer
FT marks, by reflecting on what each mark is for and how that maps to the simplified version.

• If the error leads to an inappropriate value (e.g. probability greater than 1, sin θ = 1.5 , non-integer
value where integer required), do not award the mark(s) for the final answer(s).

• The markscheme may use the word “their” in a description, to indicate that candidates may be
using an incorrect value.

• If the candidate’s answer to the initial question clearly contradicts information given in the question,
it is not appropriate to award any FT marks in the subsequent parts. This includes when
candidates fail to complete a “show that” question correctly, and then in subsequent parts use their
incorrect answer rather than the given value.

• Exceptions to these FT rules will be explicitly noted on the markscheme.

• If a candidate makes an error in one part but gets the correct answer(s) to subsequent part(s),
award marks as appropriate, unless the command term was “Hence”.
 –5– M23/5/MATHY/SP1/ENG/TZ1/XX/M

5 Mis-read

If a candidate incorrectly copies values or information from the question, this is a mis-read (MR). A
candidate should be penalized only once for a particular misread. Use the MR stamp to indicate that
this has been a misread and do not award the first mark, even if this is an M mark, but award all
others as appropriate.
• If the question becomes much simpler because of the MR, then use discretion to award
fewer marks.

• If the MR leads to an inappropriate value (e.g. probability greater than 1, sin θ = 1.5 , non-integer
value where integer required), do not award the mark(s) for the final answer(s).

• Miscopying of candidates’ own work does not constitute a misread, it is an error.

• If a candidate uses a correct answer, to a “show that” question, to a higher degree of accuracy
than given in the question, this is NOT a misread and full marks may be scored in the subsequent
part.

• MR can only be applied when work is seen. For calculator questions with no working and incorrect
answers, examiners should not infer that values were read incorrectly.

6 Alternative methods
Candidates will sometimes use methods other than those in the markscheme. Unless the question
specifies a method, other correct methods should be marked in line with the markscheme. If the
command term is ‘Hence’ and not ‘Hence or otherwise’ then alternative methods are not permitted
unless covered by a note in the mark scheme.

• Alternative methods for complete questions are indicated by METHOD 1,

METHOD 2, etc.
• Alternative solutions for parts of questions are indicated by EITHER . . . OR.

7 Alternative forms
Unless the question specifies otherwise, accept equivalent forms.

• As this is an international examination, accept all alternative forms of notation for example 1.9 and
1,9 or 1000 and 1,000 and 1.000 .

• Do not accept final answers written using calculator notation. However, M marks and intermediate
A marks can be scored, when presented using calculator notation, provided the evidence clearly
reflects the demand of the mark.

• In the markscheme, equivalent numerical and algebraic forms will generally be written in brackets
immediately following the answer.

• In the markscheme, some equivalent answers will generally appear in brackets. Not all equivalent
notations/answers/methods will be presented in the markscheme and examiners are asked to
apply appropriate discretion to judge if the candidate work is equivalent.
 –6– M23/5/MATHY/SP1/ENG/TZ1/XX/M

8 Format and accuracy of answers

If the level of accuracy is specified in the question, a mark will be linked to giving the answer to the
required accuracy. If the level of accuracy is not stated in the question, the general rule applies to final
answers: unless otherwise stated in the question all numerical answers must be given exactly or
correct to three significant figures.

Where values are used in subsequent parts, the markscheme will generally use the exact value,
however candidates may also use the correct answer to a “correct” level of accuracy (e.g 3 sf) in
subsequent parts. The markscheme will often explicitly include the subsequent values that come
“from the use of 3 sf values”.

Simplification of final answers: Candidates are advised to give final answers using good
mathematical form. In general, for an A mark to be awarded, arithmetic should be completed, and any
25 5
values that lead to integers should be simplified; for example, should be written as . An
4 2
exception to this is simplifying fractions, where lowest form is not required (although the numerator
10 5
and the denominator must be integers); for example, may be left in this form or written as .
4 2
10
However, should be written as 2, as it simplifies to an integer.
5

Algebraic expressions should be simplified by completing any operations such as addition and
multiplication, e.g. 4e 2 x × e3 x should be simplified to 4e5 x , and 4e 2 x × e3 x − e 4 x × e x should be simplified
to 3e5 x . Unless specified in the question, expressions do not need to be factorized, nor do factorized
expressions need to be expanded, so x ( x + 1) and x 2 + x are both acceptable.

Please note: intermediate A marks do NOT need to be simplified.

 –7– M23/5/MATHY/SP1/ENG/TZ1/XX/M

9 Calculators

A GDC is required for this paper, but If you see work that suggests a candidate has used any
calculator not approved for IB DP examinations (eg CAS enabled devices), please follow the
procedures for malpractice.

10. Presentation of candidate work

Crossed out work: If a candidate has drawn a line through work on their examination script, or in
some other way crossed out their work, do not award any marks for that work unless an explicit note
from the candidate indicates that they would like the work to be marked.

More than one solution: Where a candidate offers two or more different answers to the same
question, an examiner should only mark the first response unless the candidate indicates otherwise.
If the layout of the responses makes it difficult to judge, examiners should apply appropriate discretion
to judge which is “first”.
 –8– M23/5/MATHY/SP1/ENG/TZ1/XX/M

1. (a)

Event Rank
Country Long Jump (m) High Jump (m) Long Jump High Jump
Rank Rank
Germany 7.64 2.11 1 1
France 7.52 2.08 2 2
Estonia 7.49 1.84 3 10
Canada 7.44 2.02 4 4.5
Netherlands 7.33 2.05 5 3
Ukraine 7.28 2.02 6 4.5
Algeria 7.22 1.90 7 8
Austria 7.11 1.87 8 9
Grenada 6.98 1.99 9 6
Japan 6.64 1.96 10 7
A1A1

Note: Award A1 for ranking of tied heights, A1 for correct ranking of non-tied heights.

[2 marks]

(b) (rs =) 0.541 (0.541035…) A2

Note: Award A2 for an answer of 0.539 (0.539393…) from use of the formula for
Spearman’s rank correlation coefficient when data has tied ranks.

[2 marks]

(c) moderate (correlation) A1

as long jump ranking increases, high jump ranking will (likely) increase A1
[2 marks]
[Total: 6 marks]
 –9– M23/5/MATHY/SP1/ENG/TZ1/XX/M

2. (a) ˆ using 33 OR use of alternate angles

attempt to calculate AHB (M1)

e.g., 180 – (33 + 130) OR 90 – (33 + 40) OR 57 − 40

17 (°) A1
[2 marks]

(b) attempt to use sine rule (M1)

BH 156
= (A1)
sin (130 ) sin (17 )


(BH =) 409 (m) (408.736 …) A1

Note: If radians are used, answer is 151 (150.922…); award at most (M1)(A1)A0.

[3 marks]

(c) (the angle of depression from the hot air balloon) gets smaller A1
(as the horizontal distance increases)

[1 mark]
[Total: 6 marks]
 – 10 – M23/5/MATHY/SP1/ENG/TZ1/XX/M

3. (a) N = 24
I =4
PV = ±1000
PMT = ±100
P / Y = 12
C / Y = 12 (M1)(A1)

Note: Award M1 for an attempt to use a financial app in their technology (i.e. at least three entries
seen, but not necessarily correct).
Approaches that use the compound interest formula receive no marks.
Award A1 for correct values of PV and PMT (signs must be the same) and a correct
value of N.

FV = ($) 3577.43 A1

Note: Award at most (M1)(A1)A0 if the final answer is negative or not rounded to 2 dp.

[3 marks]

(b) N = 36.5 (36.4689 …) (A1)

N = 37 (months) A1

Note: Allow FT from incorrect GDC inputs seen in part (a) for the first A1 providing that PV and FV
have opposite signs and the resulting value of N is positive.

[2 marks]
[Total: 5 marks]
 – 11 – M23/5/MATHY/SP1/ENG/TZ1/XX/M

4. (a) H 0 : µb = µ m A1

H1 : µb > µm A1

Note: Accept equivalent statements in words such as “the mean score of bilingual people equals the
mean score of monolingual people”.

[2 marks]

(b) 0.119 (0.119395…) A2

[2 marks]

(c) 0.119395… > 0.05 (11.9395… % > 5%) R1

(fail to reject H 0 ) there is insufficient evidence to suggest that bilingual people have better

memory retention than monolingual people A1

Note: Do not award R0A1.

The answer to part (c) MUST be consistent with their hypotheses and their p-value.

[2 marks]
[Total: 6 marks]

5. (a) 2 A1

[1 mark]

(b) attempt to substitute their part (a) and point (3, –1) into the slope-intercept form or point-slope
form of an equation (M1)
–1 = 2 × 3 + c OR y + 1 = 2 ( x – 3)
y = 2x – 7 A1

Note: Equation must be in the form y = mx + c for A1 to be awarded.

[2 marks]

continued…
 – 12 – M23/5/MATHY/SP1/ENG/TZ1/XX/M

Question 5 continued

(c) METHOD 1
attempt to show that P does not lie on L2 (M1)

1 5
e.g. − (3) − OR graph showing L2 and P in approximate correct locations
2 2

1 5
−1 ≠ − (3) − ( −1 ≠ −4 ) OR (3, –1) does not lie on the graph of L2 R1
2 2
hence L2 is not the normal line to f ( x) at point P AG

METHOD 2

attempt to find the equation of the normal line at (3, –1) (M1)

1 1
( –1 = − (3) + c OR y +1 = − ( x – 3) )
2 2

1 1
the normal line is y = − x+ R1
2 2
hence L2 is not the normal line to f ( x) at point P AG

METHOD 3

attempt to find the intersection of L1 and L2 (M1)

1 5
Intersection of y = 2 x – 7 and y = − x − is (1.8, −3.4)
2 2
x = 1.8 ≠ 3 OR y = −3.4 ≠ −1 R1

hence L2 is not the normal line to f ( x) at point P AG

Note: Accept equivalent written arguments provided values are seen.

Methods 1 and 2 are independent of the answers in (a) and (b) but FT marks
can be given for Method 3.

[2 marks]
[Total: 5 marks]
 – 13 – M23/5/MATHY/SP1/ENG/TZ1/XX/M

6. (a) attempt to set up a direct variation equation that includes a constant, k, or the
calculation of a constant using 12.3 and 50 (M1)
e.g., d = kv 2 OR 12.3 = k × 502

 1 
(k =) 0.00492  
 203.252... 
v2
d = 0.00492v 2 OR d = A1
203
[2 marks]

(b) substituting 33 for d in their part (a) (A1)

v2
33 = 0.00492 × v 2 OR 33 =
203.252...

(v =) 81.9 (km h-1) (81.8982… (km h-1)) A1

[2 marks]

(c) Award R1 for a reasonable variable that exists after the brakes are applied such as:
• road material • gradient/incline of road
• weather conditions • traction
• condition/type of brakes • wind resistance
• weight/type of vehicle • friction

R1

Note: Do not accept a variable that refers to the timing of the brakes being
applied such as:
• slow reaction time
• inexperienced driver

[1 mark]
[Total: 5 marks]
 – 14 – M23/5/MATHY/SP1/ENG/TZ1/XX/M

7. (a) (k =) 15 A1

[1 mark]

(b) EITHER

attempt to sketch the function V(x) with indication of maximum (M1)

OR

recognition of setting the derivative to 0 (M1)

e.g. V ′( x) = 0

THEN

( x =) 6 (cm) A1

Note: Award (M1)A0 for the maximum given as a coordinate pair.

[2 marks]

(c) 44 or 26 seen (A1)

attempting to adjust the constant(s) in the given volume formula (M1)

volume of second box = (44 − 2 x)(26 − 2 x)( x)

(New maximum volume =) 2730 cm3 (2726.13... cm3 ) A1

Note: Units must be seen to award the final A1. Award (A1)(M1)A0 for the maximum
given as a coordinate pair.

[3 marks]

[Total: 6 marks]
 – 15 – M23/5/MATHY/SP1/ENG/TZ1/XX/M

8. (a) attempt to substitute 5000 for G (M1)

0.301 p = log10 5000

(p =) 12.3 (bits) (12.2889…) A1

[2 marks]

(b) (G =) 100.301 p OR 2 p A1
[1 mark]

(c) attempt to substitute 28 for p in given equation or G ( p ) (M1)

0.301× 28 = log10 G OR (G =) 10 0.301×28

(G =) 2.68 ×108 (2.67916 …×108 ) A1A1

Note: Award A1 for 2.68, A1 for 108. Award M1A1A0 for a correct final answer not written in

scientific notation or written incorrectly in scientific notation (e.g., 268 000 000 or 26.8 × 107 or
2.68E08).

[3 marks]

(d) if a password has an entropy of 0 (bits), then the password

can be guessed in one try / then the password is known R1

Note: Reference must be made to both entropy and number of guesses/password known for R1 to
be awarded.
Do not accept "no password" as this contradicts the context.

[1 mark]
Total [7 marks]
 – 16 – M23/5/MATHY/SP1/ENG/TZ1/XX/M

9. (a) attempt to substitute h = 10 and at least two different values of y into the trapezoidal rule
(M1)
10
( (0 + 0) + 2 (3 + 8 + 9) )
2
= 200 (cm 2 ) A1
[2 marks]

40 40
(b) (i) ∫0
0.04 x 2 − 0.001x 3dx OR ∫ 0
y dx A1A1

Note: Award A1 for a correct integral (including dx), A1 for correct limits in the correct location.

(ii) 213.33 (cm 2 ) A2

Note: Answer must be given to 2 decimal places to award A2. Award A1A0 for a correct answer
given to an incorrect accuracy of at least 3 significant figures, e.g. 213 (cm 2 ) .

[4 marks]

(c) attempt to substitute their parts (a) and (b)(ii) into percentage error formula (M1)
213.333... − 200
×100
213.333...

= 6.25(%) (6.24999...(%)) A1

Note: Award (M1)A0 for a final answer of –6.25(%) or 0.0625.

[2 marks]
[Total: 8 marks]
 – 17 – M23/5/MATHY/SP1/ENG/TZ1/XX/M

10. (a) (i) METHOD 1

attempt to find change in height of the ball using gradient (M1)

a
= (−) 0.045
0.43

a = (−) 0.045 × 0.43

a = (−) 0.0194 (m) (0.01935 (m)) A1

METHOD 2

attempt to find height at back of home plate (M1)

horizontal distance to the front of the home plate =16.6666 … (m)
height at the back of the home plate = − 0.045(16.6666 …+ 0.43) + 2

( = 1.23065 (m) )
Note: The M1 can be awarded for 16.6666 …+ 0.43 seen at some point.

(a = 1.25 − 1.23065…)

(a =) (−)0.0194 (m) ( 0.01935 (m) ) A1

(ii) 1.25 – 0.01935 = 1.23065 (may be seen in part (a)(i)) A1

0.53 < 1.23065 < 1.24 R1

therefore a strike AG

Note: Do not award A0R1.

[4 marks]

continued…
 – 18 – M23/5/MATHY/SP1/ENG/TZ1/XX/M

Question 10 continued

(b) METHOD 1
indication of d = 96 in the function h (d ) or its graph (M1)

EITHER
( h (96) = ) –0.01(96)2 +1.04 (96) + 0.66
OR

THEN
( h (96) = ) 8.34 (m) A1

8.34 > 5 so the ball will go over the wall. A1

METHOD 2
indication of h = 5 in the function h (d ) or its graph (M1)

EITHER
5 = −0.01d 2 + 1.04d + 0.66

OR

THEN
d = 99.6 (m) ( 99.6445… (m) ) ( d = 4.35548… (m) may also be seen ) A1

96 < 99.6445… so the ball will go over the wall. A1

[3 marks]

[Total: 7 marks]
 – 19 – M23/5/MATHY/SP1/ENG/TZ1/XX/M

11. (a) 14.55 (cm) to 14.65 (cm) A1A1

Note: Award A1 for each value. Accept 14.55 ≤ AC < 14.65.

[2 marks]

(b) attempt to use Pythagorean theorem OR trig ratio to find slant height (M1)
a correct expression for either the upper or lower bound (A1)

14.552 − 102 OR 14.652 − 102 OR

AH AH
sin (46.5844... ) = OR sin (46.9533... ) =
14.55 14.65
(lower bound =) 10.6 (cm) (10.5689…) AND
(upper bound =) 10.7 (cm) (10.7061…) A1
[3 marks]

continued…
 – 20 – M23/5/MATHY/SP1/ENG/TZ1/XX/M

Question 11 continued

(c) METHOD 1
attempt to find the maximum angle measure of the post using trigonometry (M1)

10 sin θ sin (90 )

e.g. cos θ = OR =
10.7061... 3.82393… 10.7061…
Note: Accept an inequality.

(θ =) 20.9 (°) (20.9265…(°)) A1

and hence the post is safe AG

Note: Use of radians gives an answer of 0.365 (0.365237…); award at most (M1)A0 since this value
cannot be directly compared to 22°.
Award at most (M1)A0 for an angle calculated using their lower bound from part (b).

METHOD 2
attempt to find the longest slant height for angle to be a maximum of 22 (M1)
10
e.g. cos (22 ) =
x
( x =10.7853…)
10.7061…<10.7853… A1
and hence the post is safe AG

Note: A comparison to their upper bound from part (b) is required for A1 to be awarded. Use of
radians gives an unreasonable answer of –10.0003... ; award at most (M1)A0.

[2 marks]
Total [7 marks]
 – 21 – M23/5/MATHY/SP1/ENG/TZ1/XX/M

12. (a) attempt to find the difference between 75.7 and 67.3 (M1)
75.7 − 67.3
2
4.2 (km h −1 ) A1
[2 marks]

(b) recognition of normal distribution that includes 72 (M1)

e.g., sketch of normal distribution curve with 72 labelled to the right of the mean OR
Normal CDF calculation using 72

0.132 (0.131559…, 13.2%, 13.1559…%) A1

[2 marks]

(c) METHOD 1 (Comparing areas above and below the mean)

P(67.3 < speed < 74) OR Normal CDF(67.3, 74, 67.3, 4.2) OR sketch of normal distribution
with 67.3 and 74 labelled and shaded between (M1)
area of region between mean and q is at least 0.445 (0.444670…) A1
Hence no more than 0.375 (0.375329…) between mean and p R1
The region between p and q is not symmetrical AG

METHOD 2 (Comparing areas in the tails)

attempt to calculate probability that speed < p and speed > q with q = 74 (M1)

P (speed < 74) = 0.944670 …

P (speed < p ) = (0.944670 … –0.82 =) 0.124670 …
P (speed > q ) = (1 –0.944670 …=) 0.0553295… A1

if q ≥ 74 , then P (speed > q ) ≤ 0.0553295 and P (speed < p ) ≥ 0.124670 so

P (speed > q ) will never equal P (speed < p ) R1

the region between p and q is not symmetrical AG

continued…
 – 22 – M23/5/MATHY/SP1/ENG/TZ1/XX/M

Question 12 continued

METHOD 3 (Assumption of symmetry comparing speeds)

attempt to calculate area below q assuming distribution is symmetrical (M1)
e.g. P (speed < q ) = 0.82 + ½ × 0.18 (0.91)

EITHER
(q =) 72.9 (72.9311…) A1

72.9 < 74 so 74 would not be in the region R1

the region between p and q is not symmetrical AG

OR
P (speed < 74) = 0.945 (0.944670 …) A1

0.945 > 0.91 so 74 would not be in the region R1

the region between p and q is not symmetrical AG

METHOD 4 (Assumption of symmetry comparing areas)

attempt to calculate symmetrical area with 74 as a boundary (M1)
P (60.6 < speed < 74) OR Normal CDF(60.6, 74, 67.3, 4.2) OR
P (67.3 < speed < 74) OR Normal CDF(67.3, 74, 67.3, 4.2)

EITHER
0.889 (0.889340…) A1
0.889 > 0.82 so 74 would not be in the region R1
the region between p and q is not symmetrical AG

OR
0.445 (0.444670…) A1
0.445 > 0.82÷2 so 74 would not be in the region R1
the region between p and q is not symmetrical AG
[3 marks]
[Total: 7 marks]
 – 23 – M23/5/MATHY/SP1/ENG/TZ1/XX/M

13. diagram showing (approximately) correct directions (and order) for the 315 and 045 (A1)

Note: Values do not need to be seen on the diagram to award the A1.
recognizing right angle triangle (M1)
correct expression to find second angle in triangle (A1)

6 8
e.g. arctan   OR arctan  
8 6
correct expression to find bearing (A1)

6  8 
e.g. arctan   + 135 OR 360 −  arctan   + 135 
8  6 
= 172 (171.869... ) A1

continued…
 – 24 – M23/5/MATHY/SP1/ENG/TZ1/XX/M

Question 13 continued

METHOD 2
diagram showing (approximately) correct directions (and order) for the 315° and 045°
(these may be shown in reverse as the return journey) (A1)

finding the lengths marked AP, BP, CQ and BQ in the diagram (M1)

2
AP = BP = 8 = 5.6568...
2

2
CQ = BQ = 6 = 4.2426...
2

Note: This may be done using a vector approach.

AP − CQ
using tan θ ° = or equivalent to find the direction of AC (A1)
PB + BQ

correct expression to find bearing (A1)

 2 2 
8 +6 
180° − arctan  2 2 
 2 2 
8 −6 
 2 2 

= 172° (171.869...° ) A1

[Total: 5 marks]