BH$mB© - IV 11.

hma Ho$ AmJo OrV h¡

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àíZ …
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1. {MÌ ‘| ³¶m-³¶m {XIm¶r Xo ahm h¡?

2. do ³¶m H$a aho h¢?
3. Bgo XoIZo na h‘mao ‘Z ‘| ³¶m {dMma CR>Vo h¢?
N>mÌm| Ho$ {bE gyMZmE± …
1. nmR> Ho$ {MÌ Xo{IE& {MÌm| Ho$ AmYma na H$ënZm H$s{OE {H$ nmR> ‘| ³¶m ~Vm¶m J¶m hmoJm?
2. nmR> n{‹T>E& Z¶o eãX Am¡a dm³¶ aoIm§{H$V H$s{OE&
3. Z¶o eãXm| Am¡a dm³¶m| Ho$ ~mao ‘| {‘Ìm| go MMm© H$s{OE&
4. Z¶o eãXm| Ho$ AW© eãXH$moe ‘| Ty>{‹± T>E&

57 VobJ§ mUm amÁ¶ gaH$ma X²dmam {ZewëH$ {dVaU 2020-21

 VZ, ‘Z d AmË‘m go Omo ‘μO~yV hmoVm h¡, g’$bVm CgHo$ μH$X‘ My‘Vr h¡&
ep³V Ho$ {bE emar[aH$ V§XwéñVr Mm{hE, {ZpíMV n[apñW{V ‘| g‘` na AnZm
àXe©Z H$aZoo Ho$ {bE ‘mZ{gH$ gÝVwbZ Mm{hE d ‘yë`m| Ho$ AZwê$n OrZo hoVw
AmË‘-~b Mm{hE& BZ VrZm| hr àH$ma H$s j‘VmAm| H$m Xÿgam Zm‘ hr '{dë‘m
½bmo{S>¶Z éS>më’$' h¡&
A‘o[aH$m Ho$ Q>oZogr àmÝV ‘| EH$ aobdo ‘μOXÿa Ho$ Ka ‘| 23 OyZ, 1940 ‘|
{dë‘m Zo OÝ‘ {b`m, {OgH$s ‘m±§ Ka-Ka OmH$a Pm‹Sz>-nmoN>m bJmVr Wr& dh Zm¡

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df© VH$ μO‘rZ na H$^r nm±d aI H$a Zht Mb gH$s, ³¶m|{H$ CgH$mo Mma df© H$s

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C‘« ‘| nmo{b¶mo hmo J`m Wm& V~ go dh ~¡gm{I¶m| Ho$ ghmao MbVr Wr& S>m°ŠQ>am| Zo
Odm~ Xo {X¶m Wm {H$ dh H$^r ^r
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μ ‘rZ na AnZo Hμ $X‘ grYo Zht aI

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nm`oJr&
CgH$s ‘m± ~‹ S >r Y‘© n am`U,
gH$mamË‘H$ ‘Zmod{¥ Îm dmbr gmhgr ‘{hbm N
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Wr& ‘m±§ H$s AmXe©dmXr ~mV| gwZ H$a
{dë‘m Zo H$hm, ""‘m±§, ‘¢ Š`m H$a gH$Vr
hÿ± O~{H$ ‘¢ Mb hr Zht nmVr hÿ±?''
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""‘oar ~oQ>r, Vw‘ Omo Mmhmo àmßV H$a gH$Vr

hmo&'' ‘m± Zo AmË‘{dídmg Ho$ gmW H$hm&
""Š`m ‘¢ Xw{Z`m H$s g~go VoO YmdH$ ~Z
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gH$Vr hÿ±?'', {dë‘m Zo VwaV§ àíZ {H$¶m&

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""Š`m| Zht ‘oar ~oQ>r, ‘wPo VwP na nyam {dídmg h¡&'', ‘m± Zo Ñ‹T> {dídmg Ho$ gmW H$hm&
""H¡$go? O~{H$ S>m°ŠQ>am| Ho$ AZwgma ‘oao {bE Mb nmZm g§^d Zht h¡&'', {dë‘m Zo
H$éU ñda ‘| H$hm&
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""B©ída ‘| {dídmg, ñd`§ na ^amogm, ‘ohZV Am¡a bJZ go Vw‘ Omo Mmhmo dh àmßV
H$a gH$Vr hmo&'', ‘m± Zo ¶h H$hVo hþE Cgo JmoX ‘| CR>m {b¶m&
‘m± H$s àoaUm d {hå‘V go 9 df© H$s {dë‘m Zo ~¡gm{I¶m± CVma ’|$H$s d
MbZm àmaå^ {H$`m& AMmZH$ ~¡gm{I¶m± CVma XoZo Ho$ ~mX MbZo Ho$ à`mg ‘| H$B©
~ma μO»‘r hmoVr ahr, XX© PobVr ahr; bo{H$Z CgZo {hå‘V Zht hmar Am¡a H$moB©
ghmam Zht {b`m& Am{IaH$ma EH$ gmb Ho$ ~mX dh {~Zm ~¡gm{I¶m| Ho$ MbZo ‘|
H$m‘`m~ hmo J¶r& Bg àH$ma AmR>dt H$jm ‘| AmVo-AmVo CgZo AnZr nhbr Xm¡‹S>
à{V`mo{JVm ‘| {hñgm {b`m Am¡a dh g~go nrN>o ahr& CgHo$ ~mX Xygar, Vrgar,
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Mm¡Wr Xm¡‹S> à{V`mo{JVmAm| ‘| {hñgm boVr ahr Am¡a h‘oem AmpIar ñWmZ na AmVr
ahr& bo{H$Z dh nrN>o Zht hQ>r& {ZaÝVa Xm¡‹S> à{V`mo{JVmAm| ‘| ^mJ boVr ahr, Am¡a
A§V ‘| CgZo EH$ {XZ à{V`mo{JVm ‘| àW‘ ñWmZ àmßV H$a {b`m&
15 df© H$s C‘« ‘| {dë‘m Q>oZogr ñQ>oQ> {díd{dX²¶mb¶ J`r, Ohm± dh ES> Q>|nb
Zm‘ Ho$ EH$ H$moM go {‘br& {dë‘m Zo AnZr `h BÀN>m 춳V H$s {H$ ‘¢ Xw{Z`m H$s
g~go VoO Ym{dH$m ~ZZm MmhVr hÿ±& V~ Q>|nb Zo H$hm, ""Vwåhmar Bgr BÀN>mep³V
H$s dOh go H$moB© ^r Vwåho Zht amoH$ gH$Vm, Am¡a gmW ‘| ‘¢ ^r Vwåhmar ‘XX

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H$ê±$Jm& Xm¡‹S> H$s H$bm ‘¢ Vwåh| {gImD±$Jm&''

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AmpIa dh {XZ Am`m O~ {dë‘m AmobpånH$ ‘| {hñgm bo ahr Wr&
AmobpånH$ ‘| Xw{Z`m Ho$ g~go VoO Xm¡‹S>Zo dmbm| go ‘wH$m~bm H$aZm n‹S>Vm h¡& {dë‘m
H$m ‘wH$m~bm OwÎmm hoZ go Wm, {Ogo H$moB© ^r ham Zht nm`m Wm& nhbr Xm¡‹S> 100

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‘rQ>a H$s Wr& Bg‘| {dë‘m Zo OwÎmm H$mo ham H$a AnZm nhbm ñdU© nXH$ OrVm&
Xygar Xm¡‹S> 200 ‘rQ>a H$s Wr& Bg‘| ^r {dë‘m Zo OwÎmm H$mo Xygar ~ma ham`m Am¡a
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CgZo Xygam ñdU© nXH$ OrVm& Vrgar Xm¡‹S> 400 ‘rQ>a H$s [abo aog Wr Am¡a {dë‘m
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H$m ‘wH$m~bm EH$ ~ma {’$a OwÎmm go hr Wm& [abo ‘| aog H$m AmpIar {hñgm Q>r‘ H$m
g~go VoO {Ibm‹S>r> hr Xm¡‹S>Vm h¡& {dë‘m H$s Q>r‘ Ho$ VrZ bmoJ [abo aog Ho$
ewê$AmVr VrZ {hñgo ‘| Xm¡‹S>o Am¡a AmgmZr go ~oQ>Z ~Xbr& O~ {dë‘m Ho$ Xm¡‹S>Zo H$s
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~mar AmB©, Cggo ~oQ>Z Ny>Q> J`r& bo{H$Z {dë‘m Zo XoI {b`m {H$ Xÿgao N>moa na
OwÎmm hoZ VoμOr go Xm¡‹S>r Mbr Am ahr h¡& {dë‘m Zo {Jar hþB© ~oQ>Z CR>m`r Am¡a ¶§Ì
H$s Vah VoμOr go Xm¡‹S>r VWm OwÎmm H$mo Vrgar ~ma ^r ham`m Am¡a AnZm Vrgam ñdU©
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nXH$ OrVm& `h ~mV B{Vhmg Ho$ nÝZm| ‘| XO© hmo J`r

{H$ EH$ nmo{b¶moJ«ñV ‘{hbm 1960 Ho$ amo‘ AmobpånH$ ‘|
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Xw{Z`m H$s g~go VoO YmdH$ ~Z J`r&

`h CgHo$ H$R>mao n[al‘ H$m hr n[aUm‘ Wm {H$
CgZo 1960 Ho$ amo‘ Amo{bpånH$ ‘| 100 d 200 ‘rQ>a H$s
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Xm¡S‹ > Am¡a 400 ‘rQ>a H$s [abo Xm¡S‹ > ‘| ñdU© nXH$ OrVo&
Am¡a EH$ hr Amo{bpånH$ ‘| VrZ ñdU© nXH$ OrVZo dmbr
nhbr A‘o[aH$s EWbrQ> ~Zr& amo‘ go bm¡Q>Zo na nyam
A‘o[aH$m Cg b‹S>H$s Ho$ ñdmJV ‘| I‹S>m Wm, Omo H$^r AnZo n¡am| na ^r I‹S>r Zht hmo
gH$Vr Wr& CÝht Ho$ ~rM ‘| Wr CgH$s ‘m±, {OgH$s dOh go AmO dh Bg ‘wH$m‘ na
nhþM± r Wr&

59 VobJ§ mUm amÁ¶ gaH$ma X²dmam {ZewëH$ {dVaU 2020-21

 gwZmo-~mobmo
1. nmR> H$m erf©H$ H¡$gm bJm Am¡a ³¶m|?
2. emar[aH$ ê$n go H$‘μOmoa bmoJm| H$mo {H$Z H${R>ZmB¶m| H$m gm‘Zm H$aZm n‹S>Vm h¡?

n‹T>mo

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(A) ZrMo {X¶o J¶o dm³¶ n{‹T>E& {H$gZo H$hm ~VmBE&

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dm³¶ {H$gZo H$hm?
(A) ‘¢ Š`m H$a gH$Vr hÿ± O~{H$ ‘¢ Mb hr Zht nmVr hÿ±?

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(Am) Xm¡‹S> H$s H$bm ‘¢ Vwåh| {gImD±$Jm&
(B) μO‘rZ na AnZo H$X‘ grYo Zht aI nm`oJr&
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(Am) {MÌ Xo{IE& Cggo Ow‹S>o dm³¶ nmR> ‘| Ty>±‹{T>E& aoIm§{H$V H$s{OE&
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{bImo
(A) ZrMo {X¶o J¶o àíZm| Ho$ CÎma {b{IE&
1. {dë‘m H$s ‘m± Zo Cgo àoaUm Zht Xr hmoVr Vmo ³¶m hmoVm? gmoMH$a {bImo&
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2. {dë‘m H$m OrdZ àoaUmXm¶H$ h¡& H¡$go?

(Am) Bg nmR> H$m gmam§e AnZo eãXm| ‘| {b{IE&

eãX ^§S>ma
(A) AW© {b{IE&
O¡‹go- YmdH$ - Omo VoμO Xm¡‹S>Vm h¡, Cgo YmdH$ H$hVo h¢&
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Amob§{nH$, [abo Xm¡‹S>, ~oQ>Z, nmo{b¶mo
(Am) ^maVr¶ Amob{§ nH$ {dOoVmAm| Ho$ {MÌ XoImo& {H$gr EH$ Ho$ ~mao ‘| {b{IE&
n[a¶moOZm H$m¶©
Vw‘ AnZo ‘Zng§X {Ibm‹S>r Ho$ ~mao ‘| ZrMo Xr J¶r OmZH$m[a¶m± {bImo&
1. {Ibm‹S>r H$m Zm‘, 2. Iob, 3. {H$VZo dfm] go Iob ahm h¡?,4. gå‘mZ, 5. ³¶m| ng§X h¡?

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àe§gm
Iob ‘| hma-OrV bJr ahVr h¡& hma Ho$ à{V Amn H¡$gr à{V{H«$¶m 춳V H$a|Jo?
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g¥OZmË‘H$ A{^ì¶p³V
{dë‘m H$m gmjmËH$ma boZo Ho$ {bE EH$ àíZmdbr V¡¶ma H$s{OE&
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^mfm H$s ~mV

aoIm§{H$V eãX Ho$ ñWmZ na ~oQ>m, ^mB©, ~hZ, {‘Ì, N>mÌ eãXm| H$m à¶moJ H$aVo hþE
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dm³¶ {’$a go {b{IE&

""‘oar ~oQ>r, Omo Vw‘ Mmhmo àmßV H$a gH$Vr hmo&''
O¡go… ""‘oao ~oQ>o, Omo Vw‘ Mmhmo àmßV H$a gH$Vo hmo&""
³¶m ‘¢ ¶o H$a gH$Vm/gH$Vr hÿ? ± hm± (✓) Zht (✕)
1. nmR> Ho$ ~mao ‘| ~mVMrV H$a gH$Vm/gH$Vr hÿ&±
2. Bg Vah Ho$ nmR> n‹T>H$a g‘P gH$Vm/gH$Vr hÿ&±
3. nmR> Ho$ eãXm| go dm³¶ ~Zm gH$Vm/gH$Vr hÿ&±

61 VobJ§ mUm amÁ¶ gaH$ma X²dmam {ZewëH$ {dVaU 2020-21