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ex: -explicita:
an
an 2
2
an 1 , n 1 a0 3
7
a an
n 1
, se dau a1 2, a2 3
4
-implicita:
7 an 2an 1 0
2an 2 an 1 an 0
an2 2 an 1 3 0
Relatiide reculenta liniare de ordinul I
an 1 an r , se da a1
an1 an q , se da a 1 , q, q 0
a 2 a1 r
a2 a1 q
a3 a 2 r
a a
a 42 a3 r1
an3 an 1 a2 r
a
I. 1
n2
II. 1
n4
a4 a3
an
aa1 nn11 r
a
n
1
n 3
1 n1
n
1 n a
aa
a
2
ann1
a n3 se da a1 , , R
n
aIII.
a
n 1
0 n2
aann n1aan1 1
a a q
n -32 a2 2 n 1 a1 n 2
an an 1 q
n - 3 a3 n 2 a2 n 3
a a q n 1
n n4 a4 1 n 3 a3 n 4
2 an 2 3 an 3 2
an 1 2 an 2
an an 1
an n 1 a1 n 2 n 1 K 1
Exemplu:
a n 2a n 1 3 ;
a1 2
a2 2a1 3
n2
2 n 2 na22 2 n 1 a1n13 2 n 2
2n 2
2
a3 2a2 3
ck
n 3
Caz I : 0
2
2
2
2
a2 c1 k1 c2 k 2
a 3 2n 3
n 3
a3 3 2 n 4
4
2
2aan1 kn2 c2 ann 2c3 2
n
1
2
k , 2
2k12,a2 n 2 232an
2 22 k
3 13
an 2an 1 3
a1 k c1 n c2
2 2 c1 c2
c1 c2 1
3 4 2c1 c2
8c1 4c2 3
na2 k (2c1 c2 )
1
5
c1 , c2
4
4
se dau1doi termeni
: a1 , a2 si , , R
5
an 2 n n
4
4
n
2
n2
c1 , c2 care se inlocuiesc in
1c2 2k
1 3
22 K 2
a an 2n c1212k
2 n 1 1
an 2 3
2 n1
k1 k 2 kn
siegale
2radacini reale
1
n 1
n
an Notam
akn c
n c2 5 3
1
: 2
Caz II : 0n
4c k n 0
n2
k 4k 4 0 0
n
an anc11
k1n2acn22k
2 3
a 2
2 n2 4 a4
k1, 2a
doua radacini reale si distincte;
n 2 2 an 3 3
c k1 nc1 2 k32
a1a
n 1 2 a
4c k
c k n 3k 2 4k 2 4 0
2n 4
a4 2a3 3
n 3
an 0
n c
a1ankc c 1k
2
c1 , c2
2
nn
1 c
k
c
2
a2 n 1 c 1k
an 2 c k n 2
Caz
III
c k: n 2 0 c k n 1 c k n 0
n
2
ci kn
0
k1 ,ck2k
C \kR k k10, 2
2
2
k k 0
b
an kradacina
r n c1 cos
nt c2
sin knt2 r kk1 0k2 ecuatia
tg t caracteris
a ecuatiei
tica atasata relatiei de reculenta.
a
a1 r c1 cos t c2 sin t
c1 , c2
2
a2 r c1 cos 2t c2 sin 2t
an 2an4ca kn n 1 4an 0
an 1 c k n 1
an 2 c k n 2
a1 2 , a2 3
an 2 an 1 an f (n) se dau a0 0 si a 1
Se transforma relatia de mai sus intr-o relatie de reculenta liniara si
omogena:
an 2 7 an 1 12an 6n 1
a0 0
a1 1
Notam :
an bn n
an 1 bn 1 ( n 1)
an 2 bn 2 ( n 2)
bn 2 n 2 7 bn 1 n 1 12 bn n 6n 1
bn 2 7bn 1 12bn 6 n 5 6 6n 1
6 n 6n
1
5 6 1 1
an bn n
a0 b0
0 b0 1 b0 1
a1 b1
1 b1 2 b1 1
bn 2n 72 bn 1 12bn 0
c k k 7k 12 0
bn c 4k
bk1n,21 c3 k n 1
n
n2
bbnn 2 c1kc1nk c2 k 2n
b0 c1 c2
1 c1 c2
c1 3
1 4c1 3c2
c2 2
b1 c1k1 c2 k 2
bn 2 4 n 3 3n
bn 2 n 1 3n 1
an bn n an 2 n 1 3n 1 n 1