Epidemiologia Animales Domesticos (Segundo Examen) Estudio

EPIDEMIOLOGÍA DE ENFERMEDADES PARASITARIAS EN ANIMALES DOMÉSTICOS 2011
Capítulo 1. Epidemiología y control de

giardiosis en bovinos
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Figura 1. Esquema que representa la forma

de trofozoíto y de quiste. Proporcionado por
la Dra. Martha Ponce Macotela del INP
Trofozoíto Quiste
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Figura 2. Foto de trofozoítos

tomado en microscopio óptico
a 40X. Proporcionada por la
Dra. Ponce Macotelo del INP
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Figura 3. Trofozoitos de Giardia
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duodenalis . En cultivo TYI-S33.
Original Jimena Otero Negrete
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Figura 4. Foto de quiste tomado

en microscopio óptico a 100X.
Original Jimena Otero Negrete
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!Figura 5. Quistes de Giardia
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!concentrados por la técnica de
!Sheater. Proporcionada por la Dra.
!Martha Ponce Macotela del INP.
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Figura 4 Ciclo biológico de G. intestinalis. Esquema proporcionado por la
Dra. Ponce Macotelo del INP
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@+$881! 7! %&2*&81K! 61(6$! 21%! /$($%! la secuencia de Cryptosporidium parvum
N&$! 29! ,16+*+,9(! @9(! %+61! aislado Iowa. (Abrahamsen, 2004;
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Tabla 2. Especies de Cryptosporidium spp. presentes en bovino y huéspedes secundarios!
!
D.E-B,=' D.E-B,=' R3738'=,'
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[1 Nombrado por Lindsay et al, 2000 como C. andersoni (originalmente C. muris) 2 identificado en
bovino por Bornay-Llinares y col. (Bornay-Llinares, 1999)].
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!
!
F igura 1. Imagen de corte
9! 4!
sagital de duodeno de becerro
teñido con hematoxilina-eosina,
se observan numerosos
oocistosa y merozoitosb de C.
parvum en la zona apical del
enterocito, dentro de la vacuola
parasitófora. Aumento 100 x
(original S. Vázquez-Flores).
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' Figura 2. Ciclo biológico

' de Cryptosporidium parvum (Vázquez-Flores, 2009a)
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Tabla 3. Prevalencia y desviación estándar, oportunidad relativaa y frecuencia de oocistos de
Cryptosporidium parvum estratificada por edades en diferentes estados de la República Mexicana
1997-1999 (Vázquez-Flores, 2005)
!
@!
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!
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'
a
Edad 1 equivale a becerros neonatos; edad 2 equivale a vacas y vaquillas
b
(Martin-Moreno, 1997)
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!
Gráfica 1. Distribución de prevalencias por etapa productiva en 9 estados de la República

Mexicana durante los años 2008 y 2009
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!
Tabla 4. Cuantificación de oocistos de Cryptosporidium spp. por
100 g de heces en vacas y becerros
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Capítulo 4. Epidemiología, diagnóstico y

control de la coccidiosis bovina
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Figura 1Ooquiste del género Eimeria

['
con cuatro esporocistos y cada uno
conteniendo dos esporozoítos
!
Figura 2. Ooquistes esporulados.

A: E. ellipsoidalis,
B: E. cylindrica ,
C: E. subspherica,
D: E. bovis,
E: E. alabamensis,
F: E. canadensis,
G: E. bukidnonensis,
H: E. zuernii ,
I: E. pellita,
J: E. brasiliensis,
K: E. wyomigensis,
L: E. auburnensis.!
^]! !
!
Figura 3. Ooquistes no esporulados y esporulados del género Eimeria tomadas de heces de bovinos
y cultivadas en dicromato de potasio al 2%.
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Figura 5. Diagrama de la excreción de ooquistes de Eimeria alabamensis en becerros durante la
primera estación de pastoreo (Tomado de Svensson36).
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Cuadro 1. Patrón normativo que puede ser utilizado para evaluar el grado de infección de coccidias
del género Eimeria en bovinos (Tomado de Rodríguez-Vivas y Cob-Galera30).
Prueba de McMaster Tipo de infección
300 oo/gh Infección leve
300-1,000 oo/gh Infección ligera
1,001- 5,000 oo/gh Infección moderada
!5,000 oo/gh Infección grave
oo/gh: Ooquistes por gramo de heces.
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Cuadro 2. Fármacos utilizados para el tratamiento de la coccidiosis bovina según varios autores.
Vía de
Droga Dosis Autor
administración
A mprolio 10-20 mg/kg/4-5 días Oral Sumano y Ocampo34
100 mg/kg/ inicial y
Sulfametazina Oral Botana et al .7
50 mg/kg/12 horas
Toltrazuril 15 mg/kg única Oral Mundt et al .24,25
Diclazuril 1 mg/kg única Oral Mundt et al .24
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Cuadro 3. Fármacos utilizados para la profilaxis de la coccidiosis bovina según varios autores.
Droga Dosis Vía de Autor

administración
A mprolio 5 mg/kg/21 días Oral Sumano y Ocampo34
Monensina 100-360 mg/becerro/día Oral Sumano y Ocampo34

26.4 mg/kg/día Botana et al .7
L asalocida 100-350 mg/becerros<360 Oral Sumano y Ocampo34
kg/6 semanas
Decoquinato 0.5-1.5 mg/kg/14 días Oral Sumano y Ocampo34
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Epidemiologia Animales Domesticos (Segundo Examen) Estudio

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EPIDEMIOLOGÍA DE ENFERMEDADES PARASITARIAS EN ANIMALES DOMÉSTICOS 2011

Capítulo 1. Epidemiología y control de

Figura 1. Esquema que representa la forma

Figura 2. Foto de trofozoítos

Figura 4. Foto de quiste tomado

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Capítulo 2. Tricomonosis bovina

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Capítulo 3. Criptosporidiosis en bovinos

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Gráfica 1. Distribución de prevalencias por etapa productiva en 9 estados de la República

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Capítulo 4. Epidemiología, diagnóstico y

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Figura 1Ooquiste del género Eimeria

Figura 2. Ooquistes esporulados.

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Droga Dosis Vía de Autor

Monensina 100-360 mg/becerro/día Oral Sumano y Ocampo34

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