Rajasthan Animal

Attendant
पशु पररचर
jktLFkku deZpkjh p;u cksMZ] t;iqj

Hkkx & 3

गवित एिं पशुपालन विज्ञान

 Rajasthan Animal Attendant
(Pashu Parichar)
S.N. Content P.N.
xf.kr
1. la[;k i)fr 1

2. ljyhdj.k 8

3. dj.kh o ?kkrkad 12

4. y?kqÙke lekioR;Z ,oa egÙke lekiorZd 16

5. vkSlr 19

6. çfr'kr~rk 23

7. ykHk&gkfu 27

8. vuqikr rFkk lekuqikr 32

9. lk/kkj.k C;kt 36

10. pØo`f) C;kt 39

11. le; vkSj dk;Z 42

12. pky] le; vkSj nwjh 45

13. chtxf.kr 49

14. lkaf[;dh ¼dsUnzh; izo`fÙk ds eki½ 54

15. T;kfefr 60

16. funsZ'kkad T;kfefr 77

17. {ks=fefr 82

18. izkf;drk 97

19. MkVk baVjfçVs'ku 104

 i'kqikyu foKku
1. i'kqikyu 116
• i'kqikyu dk egÙo
• i'kqikyu dk vFkZO;oLFkk esa ;ksxnku
• i'kqikyu ds vkfFkZd mi;ksx
• i'kqikyu esa jktLFkku dk egÙo
• i'kqikyu dk oxhZdj.k
• i'kqikyu ls lEcfU/kr laLFkku
2. i'kq/ku izca/ku 120
 i'kq/ku dh lkekU; 'kCnkoyh
 nq/kk: i'kqvksa dk pquko
3. i'kq/ku uLysa 123
 xk; o HkSal dh uLysa
 HksM+ o cdjh dh uLysa
 Å¡V dh uLysa
4. eqxhZikyu m|ksx 141
 eqfxZ;ksa dh uLysa
 eqfxZ;ksa dh ns[kjs[k o chekfj;k¡
5. i'kq/ku chekfj;k¡ 149
 xk;] HkSal] cdjh o HksM+ dh chekfj;k¡
 Å¡V dh chekfj;k¡
6. i'kq vkS"kf/k;k¡ 155
 vkS"kf/k;ksa dk oxhZdj.k
 vkS"kf/k;ksa dk mi;ksx
7. i'kq/ku dh lkekU; ns[kHkky 160
 xHkZorh xk; dk izcU/k
 uotkr cPps dh ns[kHkky
 i'kqvksa dh vk;q fu/kkZj.k
 i'kqvksa dk Hkkj Kkr djuk o fpfUgr djuk
 i'kqvksa dk lhaxjks/ku ,oa cf/k;kdj.k
 endky dk voyksdu
 i'kqiztuu rFkk i'kq mRikn
8. i'kqvkgkj 167
 i'kqvkgkj ds dk;Z o vko';d rÙo
 i'kqvkgkj dk oxhZdj.k
 ^lkbyst* o ^gs* cukuk
 i'kqvksa dk vkgkj fu/kkZj.k
9. nqX/k foKku 173
 nqX/k dh lkekU; tkudkjh o nqX/k mRiknu
 nqX/k dk laxBu
 nqX/k lalk/ku rFkk nqX/k mRikn
 nqX/k nksgus dh fof/k;k¡
 nqX/k'kkyk ds crZuksa dh lQkbZ
10. vU; egÙoiw.kZ fcUnq 184
 la[;k i)fr
(Number System)
la[;k i)fr %& fdlh Hkh ;kSfxd jkf'k ds ifj.kkeksa dk cks/k djkus ds fy, ftl i)fr dk mi;ksx gksrk
gS] la[;k i)fr dgykrh gSA
la[;kvksa dks muds xq.kksa vkSj fo'ks"krkvksa ds vk/kkj ij fuEu izdkj ls oxhZd`r fd;k tk ldrk gS &

lfEeJ la[;k,¡ (Complex Number) (i) /kukRed@iw.kZ la[;k,¡ % tc izkd`r la[;kvksa ds

os lHkh la[;k,¡ tks okLrfod vkSj dkYifud la[;kvksa ls ifjokj esa 0 dks Hkh 'kkfey dj ysrs gS] rc og iw.kZ
feydj cuh gksrh gSA la[;k,¡ dgykrh gSA
bUgsa (a + ib) ds :i esa fy[kk tkrk gSA tgk¡ a vkSj b W = {0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, ….}
okLrfod la[;k,¡ gS rFkk i = –1 gSA uksV % pkj yxkrkj izkd`frd la[;kvksa dk xq.kuQy ges'kk
Z = a ¼okLrfod la[;k½ + ib ¼dkYifud la[;k½ 24 ls iw.kZr% foHkkT; gksrk gSA

1. okLrfod la[;k,¡ (Real Numbers): ifjes; ,oa A. izkd`r la[;k,¡ % ftu la[;kvksa dk bLrseky oLrqvksa
vifjes; la[;kvksa dks lfEefyr :Ik ls okLrfod dks fxuus ds fy, fd;k tkrk gS] izkd`r la[;k dgrs
la[;k dgrs gSaA bUgsa la[;k js[kk ij iznf'kZRk fd;k gSA
tk ldrk gSA N = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5, ……}
I. iw.kkZad la[;k,¡ % la[;kvksa dk ,slk leqPp; ftlesa
izFke n izkd`frd la[;kvksa dk ;ksx = n(n + 1)
iw.kZ la[;kvksa ds lkFk&lkFk _.kkRed la[;k,¡ Hkh 2
lfEefyr gks] iw.kkZad la[;k,¡ dgykrh gS] bls I ls izFke n izkd`frd la[;kvksa ds oxksZa dk ;ksx
lwfpr djrs gSaA n(n + 1)(2n + 1)
I = {–4, –3, –2, –1, 0, 1, 2, 3, 4,…..} =
6

1
 izFke n izkd`frd la[;kvksa ds ?kuksa dk ;ksx = mnkgj.k & (4,9), (15, 22), (39, 40)
HCF = 1
 n(n + 1) 
2

 2  (b) ;kSfxd la[;k,¡ (Composite Numbers) :- os

nks yxkrkj izkd`frd la[;kvksa ds oxksZa dk varj muds izkd`r la[;k,¡ tks 1 ;k Lo;a dks NksM+dj fdlh vU;
;ksxQy ds cjkcj gksrk gS A la[;k ls Hkh foHkkT; gks] ;kSfxd la[;k,¡ dgykrh gSA
tSls & 4] 6] 8] 9] 10 vkfnA
mnkgj.k &
112 = 121 (ii) le la[;k,¡ % la[;k,¡ tks 2 ls iw.kZr% foHkkT; gks
122 = 144 le la[;k dgykrh gSA
11 + 12 → 23 Difference 144 – 121 = 23 n oka in = 2n
(a) vHkkT; la[;k,¡ (Prime Numbers) :- ,d la[;k izFke n le la[;kvksa dk ;ksx = n(n+1)
ftlds dsoy nks gh xq.kd gksrs gSa] 1 vkSj og la[;k izFke n le la[;kvksa ds oxksZa dk ;ksx =
Lo;a] mUgsa vHkkT; la[;k dgrs gSaA 2n(n + 1)(2n + 1)
tSls & {2, 3, 5, 7, 11, 13, 17, 19……..} 3
• rhu vadks dh lcls NksVh vHkkT; la[;k = 101  vafre in 
n = 
• rhu vadks dh lcls cM+h vHkkT; la[;k = 997  2 
tgk¡ 1 Prime Number ugha gSA
2 ,dek= le Prime la[;k gSA (iii) fo"ke la[;k,¡ % og la[;k,¡ tks 2 ls foHkkftr u
3, 5, 7 Øekxr fo"ke vHkkT; la[;k dk bdykSrk tksM+k gks] fo"ke la[;k,¡ gksrh gSA
gSA izFke n fo"ke la[;kvksa dk ;ksx = n2
1 ls 25 rd dqy vHkkT; la[;k ¾ 9  vfare in +1 
25 ls 50 rd dqy vHkkT; la[;k ¾ 6 n = 
 2 
1-50 rd dqy 15 Prime Number gSA II. n'keyo
51-100 rd dqy 10 Prime Number gSA n'keyo os la[;k,¡ gS tks nks iw.kZ la[;kvksa ;k iw.kkZadks
vr% 1-100 rd dqy 25 Prime Number gSA ds chp vkrh gSA tSls & 3-5 ,d n'keyo la[;k gS
1 ls 200 rd dqy vHkkT; la[;k ¾ 46 tks 3 o 4 ds chp fLFkr gSA
1 ls 300 rd dqy vHkkT; la[;k ¾ 62
• izR;sd n'keyo la[;k dks fHkUu ds :i esa fy[kk tk
1 ls 400 rd dqy vHkkT; la[;k ¾ 78
ldrk gS vkSj blds foijhr izR;sd fHkUu dks Hkh
1 ls 500 rd dqy vHkkT; la[;k ¾ 95
n'keyo :i esa fy[kk tk ldrk gSA
 vHkkT; la[;kvksa dk ijh{k.k %& nh x;h la[;k ds (i) lkar n'keyo
laHkkfor oxZewy ls cM+h dksbZ la[;k yhft,A ekuk ;g Okg la[;k,¡ tks n'keyo ds ckn dqN vadksa ds ckn
la[;k x gS] vc x ls NksVh leLr vHkkT; la[;kvksa dh [kRe gks tk;s tSls & 0.25, 0.15, 0.375 bls fHkUu
lgk;rk ls nh x;h la[;k dh foHkkT;rk dk ijh{k.k la[;k esa fy[kk tk ldrk gS A
dhft,A
(ii) vlkar n'keyo
• ;fn ;g buesa ls fdlh ls Hkh foHkkT; ugha gS rks ;g
fuf'pr :i ls ,d vHkkT; la[;k gksxhA tks la[;k,¡ n'keyo ds ckn dHkh [kRe ugha gksrh
cfYd iqujko`fÙk djrh gks] vuar rdA
mnkgj.k & tSls & 0.3333, 0.7777, 0.183183183………..
D;k 349 ,d vHkkT; la[;k gS ;k ugha \ ;s nks izdkj ds gks ldrs gSa &
gy &
A. vkorhZ n'keyo fHkUu (Repeating)
349 dk laHkkfor oxZewy 19 gksxk vkSj 19 ls NksVh lHkh
og n'keyo fHkUu n'keyo fcanq ds ckn ,d ;k
vHkkT; la[;k,¡ % 2] 3] 5] 7] 11] 13] 17 gSA
vf/kd vadksa dh iqujko`fÙk gksrh gSA
Li"V gS fd 349 bu lHkh vHkkT; la[;kvksa ls foHkkT;
ugha gS vr% 349 Hkh ,d vHkkT; la[;k gSA tSls & 1 = 0.333..., 22 = 3.14285714.....
3 7
lg vHkkT; la[;k,¡ (Co-prime Numbers) − og • ,slh fHkUuksa dks O;Dr djus ds fy, nksgjk, tkus okys
la[;k,¡ ftudk HCF flQZ 1 gksA vad ds Åij ,d js[kk [khap nsrs gaSA

2
 bls ckj cksyrs gSA mnkgj.k &
0.333..... = 0.3 2 4 10 7
, , ,
22 3 5 –11 8
= 3.14285714.... = 3.142857
7
B. vukorhZ (Non-Repeating)
• 'kq) vkorhZ n'keyo fHkUu dks fuEu izdkj ls lk/kkj.k tks la[;k,¡ n'keyo ds ckn dHkh [kRe ugha gksrh ij ;s
fHkUu esa cnys & viuh la[;kvksa dh fuf'pr iqujko`fÙk (Repeat) ugha
P pq pqr djrhA
0.P = 0.pq = 0.pqr =
9 99 999 tSls &  = 3.1415926535897932…
• fefJr vkorhZ n'keyo fHkUu dks fuEu izdkj ls 2 = 1.41421356237…
lk/kkj.k fHkUu esa cnys &
• vifjes; (Irrational) la[;k,¡ & bUgsa P/Q form esa
pq – p pqr – pq
0.pq = 0.pq r = iznf'kZr ugha fd;k tk ldrkA
90 900 mnkgj.k &
pqr – p pqrs – pq 2 , 3 , 11 , 19 , 26 ......
0.pqr = 0.pq rs =
990 9900
mnkgj.k & fHkUu (Fraction) :- fHkUu ,d ,slh la[;k gS tks fdlh
39 13 lEiw.kZ pht dk dksbZ Hkkx fu:fir djrh gSA
(i) 0.39 = = tSls ,d lsc ds pkj Hkkx fd;s tkrs gS] mlesa ls ,d
99 33
1
(ii) 0.625 =
625 – 6 619
=
fgLlk fudky fn;k x;k rks mls ds :i esa iznf'kZr
4
990 990
3
(iii) 0.3524 =
3524 – 35 3489 1163
= =
fd;k tkrk gSA tcfd 'ks"k cps Hkkx dks ds :i esa
4
9900 9900 3300
iznf'kZr fd;k tk;sxkA
• ifjes; (Rational) la[;k,¡ & og la[;k,¡ ftUgsa fHkUu nks Hkkxksa esa caVk gksrk gS & va'k o gj
P/Q form esa fy[kk tk ldrk gS] ysfdu Q tgk¡ p → v'ak
ekuk dksbZ fHkUu =
'kwU; ugha gksuk pkfg,] P o Q iw.kkZad gksus pkfg,A q → gj

fHkUuksa ds izdkj

3
2. dkYifud la[;k,¡ (Imaginary Numbers)% ftUgsa 2. Binary dks Decimal esa cnyuk %
la[;k js[kk ij iznf'kZr ugha fd;k tk ldrk gSA Binary system esa 1 dk eku tc og gj ckj viuh
ckbZ vksj ,d LFkku f[kldrk gS] Lo;a dk nqxquk gks
ijQsDV la[;k (Perfect Number)
tkrk gS rFkk tgk¡ dgha Hkh 0 vkrk gS mldk eku 0
og la[;k ftlds xq.ku[k.Mksa dk ;ksx ml la[;k ds gksrk gSA
cjkcj gks ¼xq.ku[k.Mksa esa Lo;a ml Lka[;k dks NksM+dj½
mnkgj.k & mnkgj.k &
1 0 1 1 0 0 1
6 → 1, 2, 3 → ;gk¡ 1 + 2 + 3 → 6
26 25 24 23 22 21 20
28 → 1, 2, 4, 7, 14 → 1 + 2 + 4 + 7 + 14 → 28
vc
iw.kZoxZ la[;k dh igpku
(1011001)2 = 1 × 26 + 0 × 25 + 1 × 24 × 1 × 23 + 0 × 22 +
↓ 0 × 21 + 1 × 2 0
bdkbZ vad tks ,d tks ugha gks ldrs = 64 + 0 + 16 + 8 + 8 + 0 + 1 {20 = 1} = 89
iw.kZ oxZ la[;k ds
gks ldrs gSA Hkktdksa dh la[;k ;k xq.ku[kaM dh la[;k fudkyuk
• 0 2 ____ igys la[;k dk vHkkT; xq.ku[kaM djsaxs vkSj mls Power
• 1 3 ____
ds :Ik esa fy[ksaxs rFkk izR;sd (Power) ?kkr esa ,d tksM+dj
?kkrks dk xq.kk djsxa s rks Hkktdkas dh la[;k izkIr gks tk;sxhA
• 4 7 ____
mnkgj.k &
• 5 or 25 8 ____
2280 dks dqy fdruh la[;kvksa ls iw.kZr% Hkkx fn;k tk
• 6 ldrk gSA
• 9 gy &
• fdlh Hkh la[;k ds oxZ ds vafre nks vad ogh gksaxs tks 2280= 23 × 31 × 51 × 191
1-24 rd dh la[;kvksa ds oxZ ds vafre nks vad gkasxsA Hkktdksa dh la[;k = (3+1) (1+1) (1+1) (1+1)
= 4 × 2 × 2 × 2 = 32
uksV & vr% lHkh dks 1-25 ds oxZ vo’; ;kn gksus pkfg,A
bdkbZ dk vad Kkr djuk
Binary o Decimal esa cnyuk
1- tc la[;k ?kkr (Power) ds :Ik esa gks
1. Decimal la[;k dks Binary esa cnyuk %
tc Base dk bdkbZ vad 0, 1, 5 ;k 6 gks] rks dksbZ Hkh
fdlh Mslhey ¼nl&vk/kkjh½ la[;k ds lerqY;
izkd`frd ?kkr ds fy, ifj.kke dk bdkbZ vad ogh jgsxkA
Binary number Kkr djus ds fy, ge iznÙk Mslhey
¼nl&vk/kkjh½ la[;k dks yxkrkj 2 ls rc rd Hkkx tc base dk bdkbZ vad 2, 3, 4, 7, 8, ;k 9 gks] rks
Power esa 4 ls Hkkx nasxs vkSj ftruk ‘ks”k izkIr gksxk
nsrs gS tc rd fd vafre HkkxQy ds :Ik esa 1 izkIr
ugha gksrk gSA mruk gh Base ds bdkbZ vad ij power j[ksaxsA tc
vc lHkh 'ks"kQy dks mYVs Øe esa fy[kk tk, rks power, 4 ls iw.kZr% foHkkftr gks tkrk gS rks base ds
ifjofrZr ckbujh la[;k izkIr gksrh gSA bdkbZ vad ij 4 power j[kasxsA

mnkgj.k & 2- ljyhdj.k ds :Ik esa gks

izR;sd la[;k ds bdkbZ ds vad dks fy[kdj fpUg ds
vuqlkj ljy djsaxs tks ifj.kke vk;sxk mldk bdkbZ
vad mÙkj gksxkA
Power okyh la[;kvksa esa Hkkx nsuk ¼Hkktd
fudkyuk½
1- ;fn an + bn fn;k gks rks
n fo"ke gksus ij (a+b) bldk Hkktd gksxkA
vr% 89 ds lerqY; Binary number = (1011001)2

4
2- ;fn an – bn fn;k gks rksA jkseu i)fr ds ladsrd
1 → I 20 → XX
n fo"ke gksus ij Hkktd → (a–b) → →
2 II 30 XXX
n le gksus ij Hkktd → (a – b) ;k (a + b) ;k nksuksaA 3 → III 40 → XL
n
(i) a ÷ (a – 1) gks] rks 'ks"kQy ges'kk 1 cpsxkA 4 → IV 50 → L
5 → V 100 → C
 ;fn n le gks] rks ges'kk 1 cpsxk
n
(ii) a ÷ (a + 1)  6 → VI 500 → D
;fn n fo"ke gks] rks 'ks"kQy a gksxk 7 → VII 1000 → M
(iii) (an + a)  (a – 1) gks] rks 'ks"kQy 2 cpsxk 8 → VIII
 ;fn n le gks] rks 'ks"kQy 'kUw; ¼0½ gksxkA 9 → IX
(iv) (an + a) ÷ (a+1) 
;fn n fo"ke gk]s rks 'ks"kQy (a – 1) gksxkA 10 → X

foHkkT;rk ds fu;e
la[;k fu;e
2 ls vfUre vad le la[;k ;k 'kwU; (0) gks tSls & 236] 150] 1000004
3 ls fdlh la[;k es vadksa dk ;ksx 3 ls foHkkftr gksxk rks iw.kZ la[;k 3 ls foHkkftr gksxhA
tSls & 729, 12342, 5631
4 ls vfUre nks vad 'kwU; gks ;k 4 ls foHkkftr gks
tSls & 1024, 58764, 567800
5 ls vfUre vad 'kwU; ;k 5 gks
tSls & 3125, 625, 1250
6 ls dksbZ la[;k vxj 2 rFkk 3 nksuksa ls foHkkftr gks rks og 6 ls Hkh foHkkftr gksxhA
tSls & 3060, 42462, 10242
7 ls ;fn nh x;h la[;k ds bdkbZ vad dk nqxquk ckdh la[;k ¼bdkbZ dk vad NksM+dj½ ls ?kVkus ij
izkIr la[;k 7 ls foHkkftr gS rks iwjh la[;k 7 ls foHkkftr gks tk,xhA
vFkok
fdlh la[;k esa vadks dh la[;k 6 ds xq.kt esa gks rks la[;k 7 ls foHkkftr gksxhA
tSls & 222222, 44444444444, 7854
8 ls ;fn fdlh la[;k ds vfUre rhu vad 8 ls foHkkT; gks ;k vafre rhu vad ‘000’ ¼'kwU;½ gks A
tSls & 9872, 347000
9 ls fdlh la[;k ds vadksa dk ;ksx vxj 9 ls foHkkT; gks rks iw.kZ la[;k 9 ls foHkDr gksxhA
10 ls vafre vad 'kwU; (0) gks rks
11 ls fo"ke LFkkukas ij vadkas dk ;ksx o le LFkkuksa ij vadksa ds ;ksx dk vUrj 'kwU; (0) ;k 11 dk xq.kt
gks rks
tSls & 1331, 5643, 8172659
12 ls 3 o 4 ds foHkkT; dk la;qDr :Ik
13 ls fdlh la[;k esa ,d gh vad 6 ckj nksgjk, ;k vfUre vad dks 4 ls xq.kk djds 'ks"k la[;k ¼bdkbZ
vad NksM+dj½ esa tksM+us ij izkIr la[;k 13 ls foHkkftr gks rks iw.kZ la[;k 13 ls foHkkftr gksxhA
tSls & 222222, 17784

5
 vH;kl iz'u mnk-2 rhu vHkkT; la[;kvksa dk ;ksx 100 gS ;fn muesa
ls ,d la[;k nwljh la[;k ls 36 vfèkd gks rks
la[;kvksa ds ;ksx] varj rFkk xq.kuQy ij ,d la[;k D;k gksxk \
vkèkkfjr Hkkx] HkkxQy rFkk 'ks"kQy ij vkèkkfjr

mnk-1 ;fn fdlh la[;k dk 3/4 ml la[;k ds 1/6 ls 7 mnk-1 64329 dks tc fdlh l[;k ls Hkkx fn;k tkrk
vfèkd gS] rks ml la[;k 5/3 D;k gksxk\ gS] rks 175, 114 rFkk 213 yxkrkj rhu 'ks"kQy
(a) 12 (b) 18 vkrs gS rks HkkT; D;k gS \
(c) 15 (d) 20 (a) 184 (b) 224
mÙkj (d)
(c) 234 (d) 296
mnk-2 ;fn nks la[;kvksa dk ;ksxQy rFkk mudk mÙkj (c)
xq.kuQy a rFkk b, muds O;qRØekas dk ;ksxQy
gksxk mnk-2 (325 + 326 + 327 + 328) foHkkftr gSA
1 1 b (a) 11 (b) 16
(a) + (b) (c) 25 (d) 30
a b a
a a mÙkj (d)
(c) (d)
b ab mnk-3 foHkktu ds ,d ;ksxQy esa foHkktd] HkkxQy dk
mÙkj (c) 1" 12 xquk rFkk 'ks"kQy dk 5 xquk gSA rnuqlkj] ;fn
mnk-3 nks la[;kvksa dk ;ksx 75 gS vkSj mudk varj 25 mlesa 'ks"kQy 36 gks] rks HkkT; fdruk gksxk ?
gS] rks mu nksuksa la[;kvksa dk xq.kuQy D;k gksxk\ ¼a) 2706
(a) 1350 (b) 1250 (b) 2796
(c) 1000 (d) 125 (c) 2736
mÙkj (b) (d) 2826
mnk-4 ,d fo|kFkÊ ls fdlh la[;k dk 5/16 Kkr djus mÙkj (c)
ds fy;s dgk x;k vkSj xyrh ls ml la[;k dk bdkbZ vad fudkyuk vk/kkfjr
5/6 Kkr dj fy;k vFkkZr~ mldk mÙkj lgh mÙkj
ls 250 vfèkd Fkk rks nh gqbZ la[;k Kkr dhft;sA
(a) 300 (b) 480
(c) 450 (d) 500
mÙkj (b)
mnk-1 416  333 + 2167  118 – 114  133 ds ifj.kke
le] fo"ke rFkk vHkkT; la[;kvksa ij vkèkkfjr dk bdkbZ vad Kkr dhft, ?
fdruk gS ?
(a) 0 (b) 2
(c) 3 (d) 5
mnk-1 ;fn fdUgha rhu Øekxr fo"ke çk—r la[;kvksa dk
;ksx 147 gks] rks chp okyh la[;k gksxh A
(a) 47 (b) 48
(c) 49 (d) 51
mÙkj (c)

6
 izkd`frd la[;kvksa ds squre/cube ds lcls cM+h rFkk lcls NksVh la[;k@fHkUu
;ksx ,oa varj ij vk/kkfjr Kkr djus ij vk/kkfjr

2 4
mnk-1 fuEu es ls vkSj ds chp mifLFkr fHkUu gSa ?
mnk-1 (11 + 12 + 13 + …. + 20 ) = ?
2 2 2 2 5 9
(a) 385 (b) 2485 3 2
(a) (b)
(c) 2870 (d) 3255 7 3
4 1
mnk-2 13 + 23 + 33 + ... + 103 = ? (c) (d)
5 2
n'keyo la[;k vk/kkfjr mnk-2 fuEu esa ls cM+h la[;k gSaA
1 1 1
( 3) 3 , (2 ) 2 , 1, ( 6 ) 6
1
(a) ( 2 ) 2 (b) 1
1 1
(c) ( 6 ) 6 (d) ( 3 ) 3
mnk-1 ,d fo|kFkhZ dks fuEufyf[kr O;atd dks ljy vkjksgh@vojksgh Øe vk/kkfjr
djus dks dgk x;k
2
0.0016  0.025 0.1216  0.105  0.002  6 3
 +  27 − 6 
0.325  0.05 0.08512  0.625  0.039  4
19
mldk mÙkj FkkA mlds mÙkj esa fdrus
10 mnk-1 2, 3 4, 4 6 dks c<+rs Øe esa fy[kus ij &
izfr'kr =qfV Fkh ? (a) 2, 3 4, 4 6 (b) 4
6 23 4
0.936 − 0.568 (c) 4
634 2 (d) 2463 4
mnk-2 dks ifjes; la[;k ds :i esa
0.45 + 2.67 mnk-2 fuEufyf[kr dks vkjksgh Øe esa ltk,¡ &
O;Dr dhft, ? 7 − 5, 5 − 3, 9 − 7, 11 − 9
'kwU; dh la[;k ij vk/kkfjr mnk-3
7 11 16 21
la[;kvksa , , , dks vojksgh Øe essa
9 13 19 25
fyf[k;s ?
xq.ku[kaMksa dh la[;k ij vk/kkfjr

mnk-1 (1  2
1 2
 33  44  ...........  9898  9999 100100 )
ds xq.kuQy esa thjks ¼'kwU;ksa½ dh la[;k Kkr djsa ?
(a) 1200 (b) 1300 mnk-1 (127 )127 + ( 97 )127  rFkk (127)97 + ( 97 )97  dk
(c) 1500 (d) 1600
mHk;fu"B xq.ku[k.M D;k gksxk ?
mnk-2 1 × 2 × 3 × …… × 250 dks xq.kk fd;k tk, rks (a) 127 (b) 97
ifj.kke ds var esa fdrus 0 gksaxs ? (c) 30 (d) 224

(18 )  ( 75)  ( 42)

15 16 14

mnk-2 esa fdrus vHkkT; [kaM gS ?

( 35)  (12)
12 16

7
पशुपालन
विज्ञान

i'kqikyu
Ñf"k foKku dh og 'kk[kk ftlesa i'kqvksa dk
ikyu&iks"k.k] ns[kHkky] vkokl] vkgkj] iztuu ;k
fczfMax] jksx ,oa muds fu;a=.k vkfn dk v/;;u fd;k
tkrk gS mls i'kqikyu dgrs gSaA
i'kqikyu dk egÙo
(Importance of animal husbandry) -
 Hkkjr eas fo'o dk lokZf/kd ¼25 izfr'kr½ i'kq/ku gS
rFkk Hkkjr esa i'kq/ku ls ¼5 izfr'kr½ dqy vk; dh
izkfIr gksrh gSA
 Hkkjr dks Ñf"k ls 14 izfr'kr vk; izkIr gksrh gSA
bl vk; dk ,d frgkbZ Hkkx i'kq/ku ls feyrk gSA
 Hkkjr esa dqy i'kqvksa dh la[;k 535-78 fefy;u gSA
i'kqx.kuk 5 o"kZ ds vUrjky esa gksrh gSA
 i'kqx.kuk 2019 ds vuqlkj izfr gtkj euq";ksa dh
tula[;k ds vk/kkj ij i'kq 844 gSA
 Hkkjr dk fo'o esa nw/k mRiknu esa izFke LFkku gSA
vFkkZr~ Hkkjr esa Ñf"k mRiknu esa i'kqikyu dk
;ksxnku ¼29 izfr'kr½ gSA
 Hkkjr esa ldy ?kjsyw mRiknu esa i'kqikyu dk
;ksxnku ¼5-26 izfr'kr½ gSA
i'kqikyu dk jk"Vªh; vFkZO;oLFkk esa ;ksxnku &
 Hkkjrh; vFkZO;oLFkk esa Ñf"k ds lkFk&lkFk i'kq/ku
mRiknu dk Hkh dkQh ;ksxnku jgk gSA
 Hkkjr esa i'kq/ku ls ¼4-5 izfr'kr½ dqy vk; dh
izkfIr gksrh gSA
 Hkkjr esa dqy nw/k mRiknu 187-7 fefy;u Vu gS
rFkk Hkkjr esa izfr O;fDr nw/k miyC/krk 394
xzke@fnu@O;fDr gSA
 /kku ds ckn ns'k eas nwljk izeq[k Ñf"k mRikn nw/k
gSA
Hkkjrh; Ñf"k esa i'kq/ku ds vkfFkZd mi;ksx gS &
1. ekuo mi;ksx ds fy, nw/k L=ksr ds :i esa A
2. Hkkstu idkus ds fy, bZa/ku Hkh nsrk gSA
3. moZjd L=ksr ds :i esaA
4. Ñf"k fØ;kvksa gsrq Hkkjokgd ds :i esaA
5. flapkbZ gsrq ÅtkZ L=ksr ds :i esaA
6. ekuo mi;ksx gsrq ek¡l ds L=ksr ds :i esaA
7. ck;ksxSl mRiknu gsrq xkscj ds L=ksr ds :i esaA
8. Ñf"k lEcU/kh vko';d lkexzh tSls&[kkn] cht rFkk
Ñf"k mRiknu esa ifjogu ds :i esAa
116
9. vkfFkZd fLFkfr esa ;ksxnku ,oa fons'kh eqnzk vftZr
djus esAa
10. ;krk;kr o jkstxkj ds L=ksr ds :i esaA
Hkkjr i'kqikyu esa jktLFkku dh fLFkfr o egÙo &
 jktLFkku dk i'kq/ku dh n`f"V ls Hkkjr esa izFke
LFkku gSaA jktLFkku esa Hkkjr dk 10-60 izfr'kr
i'kq/ku ik;k tkrk gSaA
 jktLFkku dk izfr oxZ fdeh- vkSlr i'kq?kuRo
169/oxZ fdyksehVj gSA
 jktLFkku dh vFkZO;oLFkk esa i'kqikyu ls 19
izfr'kr vk; izkIr gksrh gSA vFkkZr~ jktLFkku dh
vFkZO;oLFkk esa lokZf/kd ;ksxnku HksM+ dk gSA
 jktLFkku i'kq fpfdRlk ,oa i'kqq foKku
fo'ofo|ky; (RAJUVAS) dh LFkkiuk 17 ebZ] 2010
dks chdkusj esa gqbZ FkhA
 jktLFkku dh vFkZO;oLFkk esa i'kq/ku dk ;ksxnku ¼43
izfr'kr½ gSA
 jktLFkku jkT; i'kqikyd dY;k.k cksMZ dk xBu
¼13 vizSy] 2005½ dks gqvk FkkA
 jktLFkku esa izfr oxZ fdeh- lokZf/kd i'kq jktlean
¼292½ ftys esa gSaA
 jktLFkku eas Hkkjr ds lcls vf/kd cdfj;k¡ o Å¡V
gSaA tcfd jktLFkku esa lokZf/kd HkSal t;iqj ftys
esa gSaA
 jktLFkku esa igyh ckj uLy ds vk/kkj ij
i'kqx.kuk 18oha i'kqx.kuk ¼2007½ esa dh xbZ FkhA
 jktLFkku ds ukxkSj ftys ds o:.k xk¡o dh cdfj;k¡
ns'kHkj esa izfl) gSaA
 jktLFkku esa cdjh fodkl ,oa pkjk mRiknu
ifj;kstuk 1981&82 esa jk;lj ¼vtesj½ esa vkjEHk
gqbZ FkhA
 jktLFkku i'kq/ku fodkl cksMZ tkeMksyh ¼25 ekpZ]
1998½ esa gSA
 jktLFkku esa lcls vf/kd cdjs ds ek¡l dk izpyu
gSA
 Åu mRiknu esa jktLFkku dk Hkkjr esa izFke LFkku
gSA ns'k ds dqy Åu mRiknu eas jktLFkku dk
;ksxnku 40 izfr'kr gSA
 jktLFkku dk nw/k mRiknu esa f}rh; ¼izFke mÙkj
izns'k½ LFkku gSA
 jktLFkku eas eq[;ea=h i'kq/ku fu%'kqYd nok ;kstuk
dk 'kqHkkjEHk 15 vxLr] 2012 dks fd;kA
 jkT; xkS lsok vk;ksx dh LFkkiuk 23 ekpZ] 1998
dks dh x;hA
 jktLFkku dh igyh efgyk nqX/k mRiknd lgdkjh 3. HksM+ ckM+esj Ckk¡lokM+k
lfefr dh LFkkiuk chdkusj ¼Hkkstwlj xk¡o½ esa dh 4. cdjh ckM+esj >kykokM+
xbZA 5. Å¡V chdkusj /kkSyiqj
 jktLFkku esa lokZf/kd ek¡l mRiknd ftyk tks/kiqj 6. lwvj Hkjriqj ck¡lokM+k
gSaA 7. eqxhZ vtesj /kkSyiqj
 jktLFkku esa esVªks Ms;jh ifj;kstuk dh LFkkiuk 8. dqy i'kq ckM+esj /kkSyiqj
cLlh ¼t;iqj½ esa dh xbZA
jktLFkku esa i'kq ?kuRo
 jktLFkku esa i'kq iks"kkgkj laLFkku tkeMksyh
lokZf/kd U;wure vkSlr
¼t;iqj½] 1991 esa gSA
1. i'kq jktlean tSlyesj 169 i'kq
 jktLFkku esa i'kq/ku fodkl uhfr 2009&10 esa ykxw
¼292 i'kq izfr ¼83 i'kq ¼izfr oxZ
dh xbZA
oxZ fdeh-½ izfr oxZ fdeh-½
 jktLFkku esa ikWyhfDyfud ;k cgqmís'kh; i'kq fdeh-½
fpfdRlky; dh la[;k 14 gSA
Hkkjr o jktLFkku esa 20oha i'kqx.kuk ¼2019½ ds jktLFkku esa i'kq fodkl ,oa iztuu dsUnz
vuqlkj i'kqvksa dh la[;k Ø-la- vuqla/kku dsUnz LFkku
Ø-la- i'kq/ku Hkkjr esa la[;k jktLFkku 1. jktLFkku dk xksoa'k uLy lq/kkj cLlh
dk uke ¼djksM+ es½a esa la[;k iztuu dsUnz ¼t;iqj½
¼djksM+ es½a 2. jktLFkku dk HkSal uLy lq/kkj oYyHkuxj
1. xk; 19.25 ¼izFke½ 1.39 iztuu dsUnz ¼mn;iqj½
2. HkSal 10.98 ¼r`rh;½ 1.37 3. jktLFkku jkT; i'kq/ku izcU/ku o t;iqj
3. HksM+ 7.43 ¼prqFkZ½ 0.79 izf”k{k.k laLFkku
4. cdjh 14.88 ¼f}rh;½ 2.08 4. dsUnzh; HksM+ ,oa Åu vuqla/kku vfodkuxj]
5. Å¡V 2.50 yk[k ¼lkrok¡½ 2.13 yk[k laLFkku Vksd
a
5. jk"Vªh; Å¡V vuqla/kku laLFkku chdkusj
Hkkjr esa lokZf/kd i'kq/ku okys jkT; 20oha i'kqx.kuk (NCRC)

¼2019½ ds vuqlkj 6. esokrh xk; dk i'kq iztuu dsUnz

vyoj
7. tlhZ xk; dk i'kq iztuu dsUnz cLlh
Ø-la- i'kq/ku dk izFke LFkku f}rh; LFkku
¼t;iqj½
uke ¼jkT;½ ¼jkT;½
8. Fkkjikjdj xk; dk i'kq iztuu lwjrx<+
1. ladj xk; rfeyukMq egkjk"Vª
dsUnz
2. dqy xk; mÙkj izns'k if'pe caxky
9. gfj;k.kk xk; dk i'kq iztuu Hkjriqj
3. HkSal mÙkj izns'k vkU/kz izns'k
dsUnz
4. HksM+ vkU/kz izns'k jktLFkku
10. jkBh xk; dk i'kq iztuu dsUnz uksgj
5. cdjh jktLFkku if'pe caxky
¼Jhxaxkuxj½
6. Å¡V jktLFkku gfj;k.kk
11. fxj xk; dk i'kq iztuu dsUnz >kykokM+
7. eRL; if'pe caxky vkU/kz izns'k
12. fo'ofo|ky; ds i'kq fpfdRlk chdkusj ,oa
mRiknu
egkfo|ky; mn;iqj
8. dqDdqV vkU/kz izns'k if'pe caxky
¼eqfxZ;k¡½
9. dqy i'kq/ku mÙkj izns'k jktLFkku
jktLFkku esa ftysokj i'kq/ku ¼i'kqx.kuk 2019½
Ø-la- i'kq/ku lokZf/kd i'kq U;wure i'kq
la[;k la[;k
1. xk; mn;iqj /kkSyiqj
2. HkSal t;iqj tSlyesj

117
jktLFkku jkT; i'kqikyu foHkkx }kjk vk;ksftr i'kq 2. 400&600 feeh- o"kkZ okys {ks= & ;g e/;e o"kkZ
esys okyk {ks= gSA blesa vyoj] Hkjriqj] t;qij] vtesj]
i'kqesyk ,oa LFkku xkSoa'k vk;kstu Vksd
a vkfn ftys 'kkfey gSaA bl {ks= dh izeq[k
Jh eYyhukFk i'kqesyk] Fkkjikjdj pS= Ñ".k 11 ls uLys gSa &
fryokM+k ¼ckM+esj½ dkadjst pS= 'kqDy 11 (i) Xkk; & gfj;k.kk] esokrh] jkBh
¼vizSy½ (ii) HksM+ & ekyiqjk] ekjokM+h] exjk] pksdyk
Jh cynso i'kq esyk] ukxkSjh pS= 'kqDy 1 ls
esM+rk ¼ukxkSj½ iwf.kZek rd (iii) cdjh&tequkikjh] ioZrljh] fljksgh] ckjcjh
¼vizSy½ (iv) HkSal & eqjkZ] tkQjkcknhA
Jh ohj rstkth i'kq ukxkSjh Jko.k iwf.kZek ls 3. 600&800 feeh o"kkZ okys {ks= & ;g {ks= vjkoyh
esyk] ijcrlj ¼ukxkSj½ Hkknzin vekoL;k ioZrekyk ls f?kjk gqvk gSA blesa ck¡ lokM+k]
¼vxLr½ fpÙkkSM+x<+] mn;iqj] HkhyokM+k] dksVk] cw¡nh] ikyh
Jh ckck jkenso i'kq ukxkSjh ekxZ'kh"kZ 'kqDy 1 vkfn {ks= 'kkfey gSaA bl {ks= esa lHkh uLysa ikbZ
esyk] ekuklj ¼ukxkSj½ ls ek?k iwf.kZek tkrh gSA tcfd mRiknu cgqr de gksrk gSaA
¼Qjojh½ (i) xk; & fxj] ekyoh
Jh xkserhlkxj i'kq ekyoh oS'kk[k lqnh 13 (ii) HksM+ & lksukM+h] esfjuksA
esyk] >kyjkikVu ls T;s"B cqnh 5 i'kqikyu ls lEcfU/kr laLFkku
¼>kykokM+½ rd ¼ebZ½ laLFkku LFkku
Jh pUnzHkkx i'kq esyk] ekyoh dkfrZd 'kqDy 11 vUrjkZ"Vªh; i'kq/ku uSjksch] dsU;k ¼1994½
>kyjkikVu ¼>kykokM+½ ls ekxZ'kh"kZ Ñ".kk vuqla/kku laLFkku (ILRI)
5 rd ¼uoEcj½ dsUnzh; cdjh vuqla/kku e[knew] eFkqjk ¼1979½
Jh xksxkesM+h i'kq esyk] gfj;k.koh Jko.k iwf.kZek ls laLFkku (CRIG)
xksxkesM+h ¼guqekux<+½ Hkknzin iwf.kZek jk"Vªh; i'kq vkuqokaf'kdh djuky] gfj;k.kk ¼1985½
rd ¼vxLr½ C;wjks vuqla/kku (NBAGR)
Jh tloar i'kq esyk] gfj;k.koh vkf'ou 'kqDy 5 dsUnzh; HksM+ ,oa Åu Ekkyiqjk] Vksd
a ¼1962½
Hkjriqj ls 14 rd vuqla/kku laLFkku (CSWRI)
¼vDVwcj½ dsUnzh; HkSal vuqla/kku fglkj] gfj;k.kk ¼1985½
Jh dkfrZd i'kq esyk] fxj dkfrZd 'kqDy 8 laLFkku (CRIB)
iq"dj ¼vtesj½ ekxZ'kh"kZ 2 rd jk"Vªh; i'kq iks"k.k o cSaxyksj ¼dukVZd½ (1995)
¼uoEcj½ dkf;Zdh laLFkku (NIANP)
Jh egkf'kojkf= i'kq fxj] QkYxqu Ñ".k 13 jk"Vªh; Å¡V vuqla/kku tksjchj ¼chdkusj½ ¼1984½
esyk] djkSyh gfj;k.koh ls izkjaHk ¼ekpZ½ laLFkku (NRCC)
dsUnzh; Åu fodkl cksMZ tks/kiqj ¼jktLFkku½
i'kq/ku [k.Mksa dk oxhZdj.k & i'kqikyu ds vuqlkj (CWDB) (1987)
jktLFkku dks rhu Hkkxksa esa ck¡Vk x;k gS & jk"Vªh; Ms;jh fodkl cksMZ vkuUn ¼xqtjkr½ (1965)
1. 400 feeh- ls de o"kkZ okys {ks= & bl {ks= esa (NDDB)
jktLFkku ds chdkusj] tSlyesj] ckM+esj] ukxkSj] jk"Vªh; ?kksM+k vuqla/kku fglkj ¼gfj;k.kk½ (1986)
pw:] tks/kiqj] Jhxaxkuxj vkfn ftys 'kkfey gSaA dsUnz (NRC on Equine)
bls 'kq"d o v)Z'kq"d {ks= Hkh dgrs gSaA bl {ks= dh Hkkjrh; fpfdRlk vuqla/kku bTtruxj ¼mÙkj izns'k½
izeq[k uLys gSa] & laLFkku (IVRI) (1913)
(i) Xkk; & jkBh] Fkkjikjdj] ukxkSjh jk"Vªh; nqX/k vuqla/kku djuky ¼gfj;k.kk½ (1923)
laLFkku (NDRI)
(ii) HksM & ekjokM+h] exjk] pksdyk] tSlyesjh] ukyh Hkkjrh; pkjkxkg ,oa pkjk >k¡lh ¼mÙkj izns'k½
(iii) cdjh & tequkikjh] ckjcjhA vuqla/kku laLFkku (IGFRI) (1962)
jk"Vªh; ekal ,oa ekal gSnjkckn ¼vkU/k izns'k½

118
mRiknu vuqla/kku dsUnz (1999)
(NRCM)
jktLFkku jkT; i'kq izcU/ku tkeM+ksyh ¼t;iqj½
,oa izf'k{k.k laLFkku
jktLFkku i'kq fpfdRlk chdkusj (2010)
vkSj i'kq/ku foKku
fo'ofo|ky;
jk"Vªh; lwvj vuqla/kku xqokgkVh
dsUnz (NRC On Pig)
jk"Vªh; v'o vuqla/kku fglkj ¼gfj;k.kk½
dsUnz (NRC on Equines)
jk"Vªh; ;kd vuqla/kku dsUnz v:.kkpy izns'k
osLV dsxax (NRC on Yak)
jk"Vªh; feFkqu vuqla/kku esnthQsek ¼ukxkyS.M½
dsUnz (NRC on Mithun)
jk"Vªh; iks"k.k laLFkku gSnjkckn ¼vkU/kz izns'k½
(NIN)
i'kq jksx fuxjkuh ,oa cSaXkyksj ¼dukZVd½
thforrk ifj;kstuk
funs'kky;
dqDdqV ikyu ifj;kstuk gSnjkckn ¼vkU/kz izns'k½
funs'kky;
[kqjidk ,oa eq¡gidk jksx eqDrs'oj (UP)
ifj;kstuk funs'kky;
vUrjkZ"Vªh; i'kq jksx uSjksch] dsU;k (1973)
iz;ksx'kkyk ,oa vuqla/kku
laLFkku (ILRAD)
gkbZ flD;ksfjVh ,uhey Hkksiky (MP)
fMtht yscksjsVjh (HASDL)

119
 i'kq/ku izca/ku
i'kq/ku dh lkekU; 'kCnkoyh
fooj.k xk; HkSal HksM+ cdjh lwvj iksYVªh ¼eqxhZ½
lewg gMZ gMZ ¶yksd ¶yksd Mªksi ¶yksd
dqy ckWfoMh ckWfoMh ckWfoMh ckWfoMh lqbMs QsflvksfuMh
oSKkfud uke Hkkjrh; cqcy s l&cqcy
s hl vksfol&,jht dkijk&fgjdl ll LØkSdk xSyl &
xk;&ckWl MksesfLVdl MksesfLVdk
bUMhdl]
fons'kh
xk;&ckWl
VkjVl
izkS<+ uj cqy ¼lkaM½ cqy ¼HkSalk½ jse cd cksvj dkWd
izkS<+ eknk dkÅ ¼xk;½ cQsyks ¼HkSal½ bo (Ewe) MksbZ (Doe) lks (Sow) gsu
o;Ld uj cqy dkWQ cQsyks dkWQ uj ysEc uj fdM Cksvjyhx dkWdjsy
o;Ld eknk ghQj dkWQ ghQj dkWQ Ekknk ysEc Ekknk fdM+ eknk fixysV iwysV
uotkr dkWQ cQsyks dkWQ ysEc fdM fixysV fpdu
Ekk¡l chQ&cNM+k cQu eVu psou iksdZ fpdu
phy
eSFkqu fØ;k lohZax lohZax Vfiax lohZax difyax lohZax
cPpk nsus dh dkafox dkafox ysEchax fdfMax Qsjksohx gsphax (Laying)
fØ;k
cf/k;kÑr uj cqyd cqyd ohMj cd gksx ¼LVsx½ dsiu
xHkZdky 280 fnu 310 fnu 155 fnu 155 fnu 120 fnu 21 fnu
xq.klw= la[;k 60 ¼tyh; HkSal&50] 54 60 38 78
nynyh HkSal&48½

fofHkUu i'kqvksa dk 'kkjhfjd rkieku] xHkZdky] 'olu xfr ,oa ukMh xfr
Ø-la- i'kq dk uke 'kkjhfjd rkieku xHkZdky 'olu xfr ukM+h xfr
(oC) (oF) ¼fnuksa es½a ¼izfr feuV½ ¼izfr feuV½
1. xk; 38.5 101.5 282 12-16 40-50
2. HkSal 37.5 100 310 14-18 40-50
3. HksM+ 38.9 102 150 14-22 70-80
4. cdjh 39.1 102.5 148 12-22 70-80
5. eqxhZ 41.7 107 21 fnu ¼v.Ms ls pwtk ckgj vkus 15-20 120-160
es½a
6. Å¡V 37.5 99.5 390-410 5-7 28-32
7. lwvj 39.2 102.6 114 8-18 60-80

fofHkUu i'kqvksa dk iztuu pØ

Ø-la- i'kq ;kSoukjEHk enpØ vof/k endky vof/k
1. xk; 24-30 ekg 21 fnu 18 ?k.Vs
2. HkSal 30-42 ekg 21 fnu 27 ?k.Vs
3. cdjh 15-18 ekg 18-21 fnu 2-3 fnu
4. HksM+ 15-18 ekg 15-18 fnu 1-3 fnu
5. Å¡V 36-48 ekg 14 fnu &

120
i'kqvksa dh vkokt
Ø-la- i'kq vkokt dk uke vaxzsth uke
1. xk; csyksbax ¼jaHkkuk½ Ballowing
2. HkSal csyksbax ¼jaHkkuk½ Ballowing
3. HksM+ fCyfVax ¼fee;kuk½ Bleating
4. cdjh fCyfVax ¼fee;kuk½ Bleating
5. ?kksM+k fgbax ¼fgufgukuk½ Neighing
6. dqÙkk ckfdZax ¼HkkSaduk½ Barking
7. Å¡V xqzfVax ¼?kqj?kqjkuk½ Grunting
8. lwvj LuksfVZax ¼QdQdkuk½ Snorting
9. eqxhZ dfYdax ¼dqM+dqM+kuk½ Clucking

fofHkUu ikyrw i'kqvksa gsrq LFkku dk vkdkj &

i'kqvksa dh vkokl O;oLFkk

[kqyk ckM+k (Loose Housing) can ckM+k (Conventional Housing)

Single Row Double Row

(less than 10 animals) (More than 10 animals)

eq[k ls eq[k iw¡N ls iw¡N

vkokl LFkku {ks= ¼izfr i'kq½
Ø-la- i'kq can LFkku [kqyk LFkku
¼oxZ QhV½ ¼oxZ QhV½
1. xk; 20-30 80-100
2. HkSal 20-30 80-100
3. lkaM 120-140 200-250
4. cNM+as 15-20 50-60
5. xHkZorh xk; 100-120 180-200
6. HksM+ o cdjh 12-16 50-60
7. esa<k o cdjk 20-30 70-80
8. eseuk o fdM 5-10 20-25
i'kqvksa esa dke vkus okys fofHkUu ;a= 4. ySDVksehVj nw/k dk vkisf{kd
?kuRo Kkr djus
Ø-la- ;a= mi;ksx ds fy,
1. cfMZtks&dkLVsªVj uj i'kqvksa dks 5. cqy gksYMj o`"kHk dks dkcw
cf/k;kdj.k djus djus ds fy,
esa 6. gs;j Dyhij i'kqvksa ds cky
2. xksnuk ;a= i'kqvksa dks dkVus ds fy,
fpfUgr djus ds 7. Vªksdkj o dsuqyk i'kqvksa ds 'kjhj
fy, ls vkQjk ;k
3. lkaM ukd Nsnd lkaM dh ukd esa xSl fudkyus ds
NYyk Mkyus ds fy,
fy, 8. FkekZehVj i'kqvksa ds 'kjhj

121
 dk rkieku
ekius ds fy,
9. C;wVk;jksehVj nw/k dk vkisf{kd
?kuRo Kkr djus
ds fy,
bZ;j uksfpax dku ds fdukjs
10.
dkVus ds fy,
nq/kk: i'kqvksa dk pquko
Ms;jh m|ksx ls ykHk dekus ds fy, mUur o mÙke
uLy ds i'kqvksa dk p;u vfrvko';d gSa ftlls vf/kd
mRiknu] vk; esa c<+ksrjh vf/kd gksA blds fy, i'kqvksa
dk pquko fuEu rjhdksa ls djrs gSaA
(1) nw/k mRiknu dks ns[kdj & bleas C;kor esa vkSlr
nw/k mRiknu dk irk yxkrs gSaA vPNs mRiknu
okyh xk;] HkSal] cdjh o HksM+ dk pquko djrs gSaA
(2) oa'kkoyh iaftdk & Ms;jh i'kqvksa dk pquko djrs
le; mudh oa'kkoyh dk fjdkWMZ rFkk nw/k mRiknu
dks /;ku esa j[kk tkuk pkfg,A bl rjhds ls i'kq
ds iwoZtksa ds xq.kksa dk irk yxkrs gSaA
(3) xq.kkadu rkfydk & xk; o HkSlksa ds pquko djus
dh lokZf/kd izpfyr o lgh fof/k gSaA 'kjhj ds
Lo:i 30 vad] nqX/k mRiknu xq.k 20 vad] 'kjhj
{kerk 20 vad] nqX/kkad 30 vad vFkkZr~ fu/kkZfjr
vad & lk/kkj.k i'kq & 0&50
mÙke i'kq & 50&75
loksÙZ ke i'kq & 75&100
(4) 'kkjhfjd n'kk dks ns[kdj & nq/kk: i'kq ns[kus esa
vkd’kZd yxs] mlesa vkst o xq.k Li"V gksus
pkfg,A 'kjhj ds lHkh vax&izR;ax lqMkSy] 'kkjhfjd
xBu lqn`<+ rFkk pky&<ky euksgj gksuh pkfg,]
122
;k vU; 'kkjhfjd fØ;k,¡ Bhd izdkj ls py jgh
gSa vFkkZr~ i'kq iwoZ :i ls LoLFk gSaA
(5) cM+s [kqys uFkqus & ;s 'okl fØ;k ds vPNh gksus dk
izek.k gSaA ,sls i'kqvksa dh mikip; fØ;k vPNh
gksrh gSa rFkk nw/k mRiknu Hkh vf/kd gksrk gSaA
(6) vf/kd {kerk okyk v;u & ftu i'kqvksa dk v;u
vkdkj esa cM+k gksrk gSa] mlesa Lru rUrqvksa dh
vf/kd la[;k gksrh gSaA QyLo:i vf/kd nw/k
mRikfnr gksrk gSaA
(7) pkSM+h o xgjh o{k rFkk QSys dU/ks & ,sls xq.k okys
i'kq ds ân; ,oa QsQM+s vkdkj esa cM+s gksrs gSa]
'kkjhfjd fØ;k,¡ Hkh mÙke gksrh gSaA ,sls i'kq nw/k
vf/kd mRikfnr djrs gSa ,oa uj i'kq Ñf"k dk;Z ds
fy, mi;ksxh gksrs gSaA
(8) NksVs ,oa gYds lhax & ,sls lhax Lo;a i'kqvksa ds
fy, lqfo/kktud gksrs gSaA i'kqvksa dk vkil esa
yM+us dk Mj ugha gksrk gSa rFkk i'kqikyd dks Hkh
buls Mj ugha yxrk gSaA
(9) nwj&nwj fLFkr t?kukfLFk vxz & t?kukfLFk vxz
nwj&nwj gksus ij i'kqvksa dh tk¡?k Hkh bruh nwj&nwj
gksrh gSaA ,slh xk;ksa ,oa HkSlksa dks C;krs le; dksbZ
fo'ks"k dfBukbZ ugha gksrh gSaA ,sls i'kqvksa dk cPpk
cM+k gksrk gSa rFkk v;u vf/kd fodflr gksrs gSa]
ftlls nw/k Hkh vf/kd nsrs gSaA
(10) pkSM+k FkwFku] n`<+ tcM+k] pkSMs diky & ,sls vax
i'kqvksa dks pckus rFkk i;kZIr vkgkj ys ldus dh
{kerk iznku djrs gSaA bu i'kqvksa ls nw/k vf/kd
ek=k eas mRikfnr gksrk gSaA