Tutorials

1. La station CRTV 94 a une porteuse de fréquence =100MHz est modulé en fréquence par une sinusoïde
d’amplitude 20V et la fréquence de 100kHz. Etant donné que l’indice de modulation β est 5.
a. Déterminer l’approximation de la bande passant du signal modulé en FM en appliquant la règle de
Carson
b. Déterminer la bande passant un utilisant les spectres selon le tableau de Bessel.
c. Déterminer la sensibilité du modulateur d’équipement.
1.b CRTV FM94 has a carrier wave of frequency 100MHz is frequency modulated by a sine wave of amplitude
20V and frequency of 100kHz. The modulation index of the modulator is β = 5.
Determiner the approximate bandwidth of the FM modulated signal by using Carson’s rule, (1.5mks)
d. Determine the bandwidth by using the spectra given by the Bessel table. (2mks)
e. Determine the sensibility of the modulator. (1.5mks)
2. A short wave (AM) radio transmitter of Bafoussam is generated by the carrier fp =3MHz by the message
signal
m ( t ) =sin ( 2000 πt ) +0.5 cos ⁡( 1000 πt )
The AM signal is of the form
f ( t )=100 ( 1+m ( t )¿ ) cos ( 2 π f p t )
is fed to a 50Ω load:
a) Determine and sketch the spectrum of the AM modulated signal. (2mks)
b) Determine the average power in the carrier and the sidebands (2mks)
c) Determine the total power output of the transmitter. (1mk)
Un émetteur onde courte (AM) de Bafousssam est généré par une porteuse de fréquence fp=3MHz par un signal
message.
m ( t ) =sin ( 200 πt ) +0.5 cos ⁡( 400 πt )
Le signal AM est sur la forme
f ( t )=100 ( 1+m ( t ) ) cos ( 2 π f p t )
est connecté sur une antenne avec la résistance de 50Ω
a) Déterminer et esquisser le spectre du signal module AM. (2pts)
b) Déterminer la puissance moyenne de la porteuse ainsi les bandes latérales (2pts)
c) Déterminer la puissance totale émise par l’émetteur. (1pt)
3. Dans la radiodiffusion sonore analogique, les modulations sont : AM et FM. Dans quelle technique ces normes
sont combinées pour améliorer la qualité d’écoute ? Donner au moins deux techniques pour ces genres pour
produire le son HIFI. In analogue radio broadcasting the principal modulation techniques are: AM and FM. In
which system are these modulation techniques combine to give a good listen quality. Give at least two
techniques used to produce HIFI sound. (2pts)
4. Au Cameroun la CRTV utilise le OB Van pour la radiodiffusion sonore qui est appelé NORIA. Donner la
définition de mots OB van et la fonction de NORIA. In Cameroon CRTV uses OB van for radio
broadcasting called NORIA. Give the meaning of OB van and how it works. (1pts)
5. Dans un centre de diffusion les émetteurs sont configures de manière différente à savoir: couple ou
substitué. Quel est la différence entre ces deux configurations. In a broadcasting centre, transmitters are
configured differently: coupled and substituted. What are the differences between the two (2mks)

6. A signal fm(t) = 2cos (2π.103t) frequency modulates (FM) a 1 MHz carrier to produce a (peak) frequency
deviation  of 4 kHz. Write the time domain expression for the resulting FM signal FM(t)? What is the value of the
frequency deviation constant kf? What is the bandwidth of the FM signal? (HINT: assume that the amplitude of
modulated FM signal is 1 V).

8. A single sideband AM signal is given by

f AM ( t )=( 1000 πsinc(1000 πt) ) cos ⁡(11000 πt)
The carrier signal is f c ( t )=cos (10000 πt ). Determine the message signal fm(t).

9. Shown below are the spectra of various types of AM signals. The same carrier signal,

1
f c ( t )=cos (1000 t ) is used in all cases, and the modulation signal consists of either a single tone of two tones. For
each case, identify whether the signal is a DCB-SC, DSB-TC, SSB-USB or VSB signal, give a one sentence reason
for each case to justify your identification of the spectra. For the case of DSB-TC AM signal, determine the
modulation index. Determine its power efficiency.

fc(t)
4π 4π
3π
4π π π

-1200 -110 -900 0 (a)

900 1100 1200 w
fc2(t)

2π

-900 -700 0 700

(b) 900 w

fc3(t)
10π

5π

-1200 -1000 -800 0 800 1000 1200

(c)
w
10. Shown below is the magnitude spectrum of a (cosine) tone modulated FM signal; only the significant sidebands
within the bandwidth (as per Carson’s rule) are included. Determine (a) the time-domain expression for the FM
signal f(t) and (b) the frequency deviation ratio, kf if the peak value of the tone is 2 volts. (Note: only the positive
frequency portion of the spectrum is shown.

11. in a DSB-TC AM system, the message fm(t) is a periodic signal as show below. For a modulation index of 0.5,
determine the power efficiency.

fm(t)
4

-1/2 0 1
/2 1 3
/2 2 t

-2

12. A signal fm(t) =2cos(2π103t) phase modulates a 1 MHz carrier to produce a peak) frequency deviation of 4 kHz.
Assuming that the amplitude of the PM waveform is 1 volt (a) Write the time-domain expression for the resulting
PM signal fPM(t)? (b) What is the value of the phase deviation constant kp? (c) What is the bandwidth of the PM
signal?
2
A DSB-TC AM signal is given by
f ( t )=5 cos (1800 πt )+ 20 cos ( 2000 πt ) +5 cos ( 2200 πt )
Determine:
a) The message signal fm(t) and the carrier signal f(t).
b) The modulation index,
c) The power efficiency.
13. The DSB-TC Am waveform for an over-modulated system (modulation index m>1) is shown below. Determine
its modulation index and the power efficiency. The message signal fm(t) is a sinusoid.