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- Corrigé –

A. Première partie : la formule de Widmark

!I7%\7%;.',('-)+-#.'
2./+#)(%(N(),#,(67%!+$.#)
1. Calculer la masse m A (en g) d’éthanol ingérée par Monsieur Bacchus au cours de son repas.
mA 13 13
μ = => m A = μ . VA avec V A = .3.v => mA = μ . .3.v

6.'%,.")67%;.',('-)+-#.'6
VA 100 100
-1 3 -2
Soit : mA = 8,0 x 10 x 10 x 0,39 x 20 x 10 = 62 g

2. Vérifier que le taux d’alcoolémie sanguin de Monsieur Bacchus a pour valeur τττ1 = 1,1 g.L
-1
.
>%;/+66(2('-7
!*O% X% =E;G$;&?"&(E;
;.',('-)+-#.'%(',.)(7
ME>"(?$% $^$?G(G$)% !"#E(?
62 -1
τττ1 = = 1,1 g.l
0,7 ×80
)E;%GEB?)%=E;G$;&?"&(E;)%-
B. Deuxième partie : l’alcootest D#/"-#.'%>
=">GB>$?% >$)
GE;G$;&?"&(E;)% ME>"(?$)
$;% )E>B&N% "PPE?&N% R$)% )E>B&(E;)
1. En écrivant les demi-équations des couples mis en jeu, vérifier que l’équation bilan est :
2- + 3+
2 Cr 2 O7 (aq) + 3 C 2 H 6 O(aq) + 16 H (aq) 4 Cr (aq) + 3 C 2 H 4 O2(aq) + 11 H 2 O
Cr2 O −
7 /Cr
2 3+
Cr 2−
2 O
+ −
+14H(aq)+ 6e =2Cr
7(aq)
3+
(aq) 7H
+ O2 (x2) RN)(;Q$G&";&$)% )B(#";&$)% -% "Z% _;$
C2H4O2 /C 2H 6O : C2 H
6 O
(aq)+ H
2 O= 2C H O + 4H
42(aq)
+
(aq) + 4e
−
(x3) )E>B&(E;%R$%tTW%:%GE;&$;";&
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
2- + 3+
2 Cr 2 O7 (aq) + 3 C 2 H 6 O(aq) + 16 H (aq) 4 Cr (aq) + 3 C 2 H 4 O2(aq) + 11 H 2 O
*>B)%$;%RN&"(>%
2. La notice de l’alcootest précise que le tube contient au total une masse m 1 = 5,0 mg de dichromate de potassium. Calculer
la quantité de matière n 1 correspondante.
−3
m 5,0 10
× -5
n1 = 1
BJ8H8%=7%Z8%!IG:B%;JEI
soit : n1 = = 1,7 x 10 mol
M1 294

3. a) Compléter littéralement le tableau d’avancement de l’annexe (on appellera n

Monsieur Bacchus et ayant réagi avec le dichromate de potassium).
2 la quantité de matière d’éthanol expirée par
U7%H8!?:8:%ZE%HEB<8:8>
Equation 2 Cr 2 O7
2-
(aq) +3C 2 H 6 O(aq) + 16 H
+
(aq) 4 Cr
3+
(aq) +3C 2 H 4 O2(aq) + 11 H 2 O
ZE%HGZ8
Avancement
n(Cr 2 O7
2-
(aq) ) n(C 2 H 6 O(aq) ) n(H
+
(aq) ) n(Cr
3+
(aq) ) n(C 2 H 4 O2(aq) ) n(H 2 O) 36898% tO% :8% !*/03% =67*
(en mol)
KO% 98!_080% :7% 973d808-
x=0 n1 n2 Excès 0 0 Excès :7% 9/:8% KO% 07**8:-% :
73/98% =/1!3d3_713% +8
:7% 973d808% 3EB&$% >"
x n1 – 2x n2 – 3x Excès 4x 3x Excès
M"&(L?$% R$% >% B;(#$?)T% &EB&$% )BA)&";G$T
#(#";&$%EB%(;$?&$T%$)&%GE;)&(&BN$%`%P"?&(?
x max 0 0 Excès 4x max 3x max Excès R$%P"?&(GB>$)

*>B)%$;%RN&"(>%
b) Déterminer la valeur de l’avancement maximal x max .
−5
n1 1,7 ×10 -6
n1 – 2x max = 0 => xmax = soit : xmax = = 8,5 x 10 mol
2 2
c) En déduire la valeur de n2 .
-6 -5
n2 – 3x max = 0 => n2 = 3x max soit : n2 = 3 x 8,5 x 10 = 2,6 x 10 mol

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