Mathematics Analysis and Approaches Paper 2 TZ1 HL

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Mathematics: analysis and approaches
Higher level
Paper 2
31 October 2023
Zone A afternoon Zone B afternoon Zone C afternoon

Candidate session number
2 hours
Instructions to candidates
y Write your session number in the boxes above.
y Do not open this examination paper until instructed to do so.
y A graphic display calculator is required for this paper.
y Section A: answer all questions. Answers must be written within the answer boxes provided.
y Section B: answer all questions in the answer booklet provided. Fill in your session number on
the front of the answer booklet, and attach it to this examination paper and your cover
sheet using the tag provided.
y Unless otherwise stated in the question, all numerical answers should be given exactly or
correct to three significant figures.
y A clean copy of the mathematics: analysis and approaches formula booklet is required for
this paper.
y The maximum mark for this examination paper is [110 marks].
8823 – 7107
16 pages © International Baccalaureate Organization 2023
16EP01
–2– 8823 – 7107
Please do not write on this page.
Answers written on this page

will not be marked.
16EP02
–3– 8823 – 7107
Full marks are not necessarily awarded for a correct answer with no working. Answers must be
supported by working and/or explanations. Solutions found from a graphic display calculator should be
supported by suitable working. For example, if graphs are used to find a solution, you should sketch
these as part of your answer. Where an answer is incorrect, some marks may be given for a correct
method, provided this is shown by written working. You are therefore advised to show all working.
Section A
Answer all questions. Answers must be written within the answer boxes provided. Working may be
continued below the lines, if necessary.
1. [Maximum mark: 6]
The following diagram shows a pyramid with vertex V and rectangular base OABC .
Point B has coordinates (6 , 8 , 0) , point C has coordinates (6 , 0 , 0) and point V has

coordinates (3 , 4 , 9) .
diagram not to scale
V (3 , 4 , 9)
C (6 , 0 , 0) O y
A
x
B (6 , 8 , 0)
(a) Find BV .[2]
(b) Find the size of BV̂C .[4]
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16EP03
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Consider the function f (x) = ex - 3x - 4 .
(a) On the following axes, sketch the graph of f for -4 ≤ x ≤ 3 . [3]
y
10
9
8
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
x
−4 −3 −2 −1 0 1 2 3
−1
−2
−3
−4
−5
The function g is defined by g (x) = e2x - 6x - 7 .
(b) The graph of g is obtained from the graph of f by a horizontal stretch with scale
factor k , followed by a vertical translation of c units.
Find the value of k and the value of c .[2]
(This question continues on the following page)
16EP04
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(Question 2 continued)
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16EP05
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A company is designing a new logo in the shape of a letter “C”.
The letter “C” is formed between two circles with centre O .
The point A lies on the circumference of the inner circle with radius r cm , where r < 10 .
The point B lies on the circumference of the outer circle with radius 10 cm .
The reflex angle AÔB is 5.2 radians. The letter “C” is shown by the shaded area in the
following diagram.
diagram not to scale
5.2 Ο
(This question continues on the following page)
16EP06
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(Question 3 continued)
(a) Show that the area of the “C” is given by 260 - 2.6r 2 . [2]
The area of the “C” is 64 cm2.
(b) (i) Find the value of r .
(ii) Find the perimeter of the “C”. [5]
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16EP07
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A particle moves along a straight line. Its displacement, s metres, from a fixed point O after
time t seconds is given by ss(t
(t ) 4.3 sin
3t 5 , where 0 ≤ t ≤ 10 .
The particle first comes to rest after q seconds.
(a) Find the value of q .[2]
(b) Find the total distance that the particle travels in the first q seconds. [3]
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16EP08
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The following table shows the probability distribution of a discrete random variable X ,
where a , k ∈ + .
x 1 2 3 4
P (X = x) k k2 a k3
Given that E (X ) = 2.3 , find the value of a .
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16EP09
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The random variable X is such that X ∼ B (25 , p) and Var (X ) = 5.75 .
(a) Find the possible values of p . [3]
The random variable Y is such that Y = 1 - 2X .
(b) Find Var (Y ) .[2]
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16EP10
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A junior baseball team consists of six boys and three girls.
The team members are to be placed in a line to have their photograph taken.
(a) In how many ways can the team members be placed if
(i) there are no restrictions;
(ii) the girls must be placed next to each other. [3]
(b) Five members of the team are selected to attend a baseball summer camp. Find the
number of possible selections that contain at least two girls. [3]
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16EP11
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Three points are given by A (0 , p , 2) , B (1 , 1 , 1) and C ( p , 0 , 4) , where p is a positive constant.
2 3p
(a)

Show that AB AC 2 p .[4]

p2 2 p

2
(b) Hence, find the smallest possible value of AB AC .[3]
(c) Hence, find the smallest possible area of triangle ABC . [2]
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16EP12
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dy 4 y
Consider the differential equation , where y = 2 when x = 0 .
dx 10
(a) Use Euler’s method with a step size of 0.1 to find an approximation for y
when x = 0.5 . Give your answer correct to four significant figures. [3]
x

(b) By solving the differential equation, show that y 4 2e 10
. [5]
(c) Find the absolute value of the error in your approximation in part (a). [1]
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16EP13
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Do not write solutions on this page.
Section B
Answer all questions in the answer booklet provided. Please start each question on a new page.
A farmer is growing a field of wheat plants. The height, H cm , of each plant can be modelled
by a normal distribution with mean m and standard deviation s .
It is known that P (H < 94.6) = 0.288 and P (H > 98.1) = 0.434 .
(a) Find the probability that the height of a randomly selected plant is between 94.6 cm
and 98.1 cm .[2]
(b) Find the value of m and the value of s . [5]
The farmer measures 100 randomly selected plants. Any plant with a height greater
than 98.1 cm is considered ready to harvest. Heights of plants are independent of each other.
(c) (i) Find the probability that exactly 34 plants are ready to harvest.
(ii) Given that fewer than 49 plants are ready to harvest, find the probability that
exactly 34 plants are ready to harvest. [6]
In another field, the farmer is growing the same variety of wheat, but is using a different
fertilizer. The heights of these plants, F cm , are normally distributed with mean 98.6 and
standard deviation d . The farmer finds the interquartile range to be 4.82 cm .
(d) Find the value of d .[3]
16EP14
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x 2 14 x 24
Consider the function defined by f x , where x ∈  , x ≠ -3 .
2x 6
(a) State the equation of the vertical asymptote on the graph of f . [1]
(b) Find the coordinates of the points where the graph of f crosses the x-axis.[2]
The graph of f also has an oblique asymptote of the form y = ax + b , where a , b ∈  .
(c) Find the value of a and the value of b . [4]
(d) Sketch the graph of f for -50 ≤ x ≤ 50 , showing clearly the asymptotes and any
intersections with the axes. [4]
(e) Find the range of f . [4]
(f) Solve the inequality f (x) > x . [4]
Turn over
16EP15
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1 2

Line L is given by the vector equation r1 2 s 3 where s ∈  .
3 6

9 4

Line M is given by the vector equation r2 9 t 1 where t ∈  .
11 2

(a) Show that lines L and M intersect at a point A and find the position vector of A . [5]
0
 
(b) Verify that the lines L and M both lie in the plane P given by r  2 = 7 . [3]
 
 −1
 
3

Point B has position vector 12 . A line through B perpendicular to P intersects P at point C .
2

(c) (i) Find the position vector of C .
→
(ii) Hence, find BC . [7]
(d) Find the reflection of the point B in the plane P . [3]
16EP16

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© International Baccalaureate Organization 2023

© Organisation du Baccalauréat International 2023

© Organización del Bachillerato Internacional, 2023

Zone A afternoon Zone B afternoon Zone C afternoon

Please do not write on this page.

Answers written on this page

Point B has coordinates (6 , 8 , 0) , point C has coordinates (6 , 0 , 0) and point V has

diagram not to scale

(a) Find BV .[2]

(b) Find the size of BV̂C .[4]

Consider the function f (x) = ex - 3x - 4 .

(a) On the following axes, sketch the graph of f for -4 ≤ x ≤ 3 .  [3]

The function g is defined by g (x) = e2x - 6x - 7 .

Find the value of k and the value of c .[2]

(This question continues on the following page)

A company is designing a new logo in the shape of a letter “C”.

The letter “C” is formed between two circles with centre O .

diagram not to scale

(This question continues on the following page)

The area of the “C” is 64 cm2.

(b) (i) Find the value of r .

(ii) Find the perimeter of the “C”. [5]

The particle first comes to rest after q seconds.

(a) Find the value of q .[2]

Given that E (X ) = 2.3 , find the value of a .

The random variable X is such that X ∼ B (25 , p) and Var (X ) = 5.75 .

(a) Find the possible values of p .  [3]

The random variable Y is such that Y = 1 - 2X .

(b) Find Var (Y ) .[2]

A junior baseball team consists of six boys and three girls.

(a) In how many ways can the team members be placed if

(i) there are no restrictions;

(ii) the girls must be placed next to each other. [3]

Three points are given by A (0 , p , 2) , B (1 , 1 , 1) and C ( p , 0 , 4) , where p is a positive constant.

(b) Hence, find the smallest possible value of AB  AC .[3]

Do not write solutions on this page.

10. [Maximum mark: 16]

It is known that P (H < 94.6) = 0.288 and P (H > 98.1) = 0.434 .

(b) Find the value of m and the value of s . [5]

(d) Find the value of d .[3]

Do not write solutions on this page.

11. [Maximum mark: 19]

The graph of f also has an oblique asymptote of the form y = ax + b , where a , b ∈  .

(c) Find the value of a and the value of b . [4]

(e) Find the range of f . [4]

(f) Solve the inequality f (x) > x . [4]

Do not write solutions on this page.

12. [Maximum mark: 18]

(d) Find the reflection of the point B in the plane P .  [3]

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(a) Find BV .[2]

(b) Find the size of BV̂C .[4]

(a) On the following axes, sketch the graph of f for -4 ≤ x ≤ 3 . [3]

Find the value of k and the value of c .[2]

(ii) Find the perimeter of the “C”. [5]

(a) Find the value of q .[2]

(a) Find the possible values of p . [3]

(b) Find Var (Y ) .[2]

(ii) the girls must be placed next to each other. [3]

(b) Hence, find the smallest possible value of AB AC .[3]

(b) Find the value of m and the value of s . [5]

(d) Find the value of d .[3]

(c) Find the value of a and the value of b . [4]

(e) Find the range of f . [4]

(f) Solve the inequality f (x) > x . [4]

(d) Find the reflection of the point B in the plane P . [3]