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09/11/2020

DEPARTEMENT
SURETE RAPISCAN 6xx
SV XRH
2020

Objectifs de la formation

A la fin de cette formation vous serez en mesure de:

• Décrire les bases de la structure and les


fonctionnement de la série 6xxXRH.
• Identifier, les sous-systèmes ainsi que leur
fonctions
• Expliquer les fonctionnalités des 6xxXRH.
• Analyser et dépanner les machines
6xxXRH

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600XRhp Series Maintenance

620XRhp 618XRhp

Théorie de fonctionement

6xxXRH se constituent de trois pricipaux


sous-systèmes:

•Système de génération des


rayons X

•Système d’acquisition des


données.

•Système de transport de
bagages.

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Fonctionnement

• Comme indiqué précédemment, le système est composé


de 3 sous-systèmes principaux qui sont: le système
d'acquisition de données, le système de génération de
rayons X et le système de transport des bagages.

• Au fur et à mesure que les bagages sont transportés dans


le tunnel, les rayons X sont projetés à travers les bagages.

• L'énergie qui n'est pas absorbée par les éléments sera


alors détectée par le système d'acquisition de données
qui est ensuite envoyée au PC pour être traitée par le
logiciel et affichée sur le moniteur.

Theory of Operation

La dernière innovation de la série 6xx est l’introduction de nouveaux


détecteurs et l’amelioration des systems électroniques

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Theory of Operation

Les détecteurs avancés et l'électronique du système XRhp


présentent un nouveau moteur d'acquisition d'images haute
performance à la pointe de la technologie qui se traduit par
une qualité d'image de pointe.

Pour tirer le meilleur parti de la nouvelle technologie des


détecteurs XRhp, l'architecture électronique globale du
système a été repensée, ce qui a non seulement permis
d'améliorer les performances de qualité d'image, mais aussi
d'améliorer la fiabilité du système et de réduire ainsi les
coûts de maintenance.
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Vue d’ensemble de la composition du sytème

600 Series XRhp security X-ray systems are made up of the


following standard components:
• X-ray generator – vertical view/générateur de rayons X vertical
• Detector system (diode array boards) /détecteurs
• Frame and tunnel assembly/structure et tunnel
• Leaded curtains/rideaux plombés
• Conveyor assembly/Convoyage
• Position sensors to detect the presence of baggage/Photocellules
• Power distribution system/Distribution de l’alimentation
• Signal distribution system/Distribution des données
• PC
• Operator Control Panel (OCP)/Clavier opérateur
• High Resolution LCD Monitor/Ecran

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XRhp Component Overview


Beaucoup de composants sont identiques à beaucoup de systèmes

Input/Output
Extension Board -
IOX

Transformer Integrated Power


Assembly+ Distribution Board - IPDB
In-Rush Board

XRhp Component Overview Cont.

One of the subtle differences is the X-Ray generator. The 618XRhp


comes with a 140kV, and the 620XRhp comes with a 160kV
Generator.
X-ray Power Distribution

Generator and X-ray


Controller Board
Power Supply
Units

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XRhp Component Overview Cont.

Ces trois composants ont pour but le traitement des données

Concentrator
Board

Diode
Array PC and
Boards Rapiscan
Software

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XRhp Component Overview Cont.

Ces composant ont pour but le transport des babages

Conveyor
System

Junction Board and


Position Sensors
3 phase
Inverter

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620XRhp Layout Overview

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Component Layout Overview 618XRhp

Junction Board Photo Sensors

Computer

X-ray Controller
Board (XRC)

X-ray Generator

Pre-collimator

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Component Layout Overview 618XRhp

DAB Cabinet

Concentrator
Board

Inverter

UPS

In-Rush PCB

Isolation
Transformer and Computer
Terminal Block
Assembly

Pre-collimator
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Component Layout Overview 618XRhp

Electrical
Chassis

X-ray
Generator

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Component Layout Overview 620XRhp

Junction Board Photo Sensors

X-ray Controller
Computer Board (XRC)

X-ray Generator

Pre-collimator
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Electrical Chassis – Front (Vanilla)

Power
Supply
Units

Control
Interface

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Electrical Chassis – Rear (Vanilla)

PDI board

Toroidal
Transformer

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Electrical Chassis – Front (New)

IOX board

iPDB

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Electrical Chassis – Rear (New)

12VDC
PSU

48VDC 24VDC
PSU PSU

12VDC
PSU

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Electrical Chassis Comparison

 Here we can see the difference between the old vanilla


electronics and the new electronics. The IOX replaces the CI
board and the new iPDB replaces the PDI board on the rear of
the chassis.
 The power supply units are re-located to the back of the
electrical chassis.

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Electrical Chassis Comparison

 As mentioned before, the power supply units were re-located to the


back of the chassis, but now there is only a 12VDC and 24VDC.
 The X-ray Generation components have been replaced by a 12VDC
and 48VDC PSU, and are now on the chassis as opposed to being
on-board the PDI board.

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600XRhp Series: System Components

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600XRhp Series Components

Now that we have looked at the basic structure of


the XRhp sub-systems, lets take a closer look at
each of the components.

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600XRhp Series Components

We will discuss the following components starting


from power coming into the system.
•Power Distribution including;
• Main Circuit Breaker.
• In-Rush PCB
• Transformer and Terminal Block assembly.
•IPDB (integrated Power Distribution Board)
•PSU’s (Power Supply Units)
•IOX (Input-Output Extension)
•Junction Board and Photo Sensors
•Concentrator board
•DAB’s (Diode Array Boards)
•X-ray PSU
•XRC (X-ray Controller)
•Inverter
•Lamps, ICP & LVDS
•Error Messages

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600XRhp Series Components

POWER
DISTRIBUTION & iPDB

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Power Distribution Overview

- Proprietary - 28

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600XRhp Series Components


The Main Circuit Breaker (MCB) is located by the main power
receptacle. The system uses a 16A circuit breaker that is used
to interrupt the power in to the system.

The MCB from the inside of the


system.

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600XRhp Series Components


The transformer is responsible for transferring power from the wall to the
system without a physical connection. In this configuration, the transformer is
used both as an isolation device as well as a step-up transformer (when
required).

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600XRhp Series Components


The function of the in-rush suppressor is to reduce the surge of
current on power up and prevent nuisance tripping of the circuit
breakers.
The thermistors remain
cool since they are
bypassed after power up.
The inrush suppressor contains
two thermistors in-line with the
primary side of the main
transformer.

6A Fuses on terminal block.

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Power Distribution Sequence

 iPDB acts as an interface between the:


 Rollers
 Power-on switch, key-switch
 Interlocks, E-stops, and Indicator lamps.
 The iPDB distributes AC voltage to the following
components:
 PSU’s and X-ray power supply
 UPS and Computer
 Inverters

- Proprietary - 32

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System Fuses and Location

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600XRhp Series Components


The iPDB distributes AC/DC power to various components. It handles
AC distribution to components such as the UPS, power supply units,
inverter, generator fan, X-ray transformer, computer, and the power
strip.

With a number of
useful indicators and
test points, the IPDB is
the first area to
observe when
checking system
malfunctions.

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600XRhp Series Components


The iPDB also send DC voltage to the power-on and key-switches,
the system fans, and the PC power on pulse.
The iPDB is also responsible for monitoring the safety circuits such as
the inverter status, emergency stops, interlocks, trip trays and the
operator sensor.

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600XRhp Series Components


The iPDB feeds the PSU’s which generate the
DC voltages used by most components on the
system.
•PSU1 24VDC: Feeds iPDB 12VDC
•PSU2 12VDC: Feeds IOX and Concentrator

620XRhp
12VDC

618XRhp

24VDC 24VDC

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IOX BOARD

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IOX Board
The Input and Output Extension (IOX) provides an interface between the data
acquisition system and the rest of the peripheral hardware. The IOX controls
indicator lights, search buzzer, Inverters and the XRC board.

The IOX also monitors:


•System fans and
heaters
•Position sensors
•Interlocks
•E-stops
•Trip trays
•Operator sensors
•Drive roller status

The IOX functions with


12VDC from PSU2

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IOX Board
Lets take a look at the connectors that are used in this board.

2x 12VDC
inputs from
PSU2.

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IOX Board
Just like the iPDB, the IOX has many indicator LEDs that will help in diagnosing a
system fault.

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IOX Board

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IOX Board

IOX Board Indicators

D1 +12V (green) D58 ps1 (green; sens ok = on, sens broken = off)
D2 +3.3V (green) D59 ps2 (green; sens ok = on, sens broken = off)
D4 X-ray1 fault (red) D60 ps3 (green; sens ok = on, sens broken = off)
D5 X-ray2 fault (red) D61 ps4 (green; sens ok = on, sens broken = off)
D6 reserved D62 ps5 (green; sens ok = on, sens broken = off)
D7 heartbeat (flashing green) D62 ps6 (green; sens ok = on, sens broken = off)
D12 main conv rev (green) D64 ps7 (green; sens ok = on, sens broken = off)
D13 main conv fwd (green) D65 ps8 (green; sens ok = on, sens broken = off)
D14 search lamp (green)
D15 concentrator SPI (green) D38 FPGA INIT (the LED lights up when there is no
D16 X-ray1 pwr (green) CRC error during FPGA configuration).
D18 +1.2V (green)
D20 infeed conv rev (green) D39 FPGA done (the green LED lights up when the
D21 infeed conv fwd (green) FPGA code is loaded successfully in service or boot
D22 hs conv rev (green) loader mode).
D23 hs con fwd (green)
D24 X-ray on (green)
D25 X-ray2 pwr (green)
D50 main inv fault (red)
D51 hs inv fault (red)
D52 infeed inv fault (red)

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IOX Board

Test Points Push Buttons

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600XRhp Series Components

SENSORS

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600XRhp Series Maintenance


There are 2 pairs of photo sensors on the 618XRhp while there are 4
pairs of photo sensors on the 620XRhp.

The sensors inform the computer where the item to be scanned is in the
tunnel, then trigger the computer to act on that signal.
Each pair of PS connects to the junction board
which then sends the combined signals via one
ribbon cable to the IOX. The 12VDC voltage comes
from the IOX via the ribbon cable as well.

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Photo Sensors

All 4 Photo Sensors plug


into the T2 Junction
board PS1

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Photo Sensors

The T2 Junction Board connects into the


IOX via PL22.

Here Photo Sensors 1-4 are used


during the scanning process and these
LED’s are on until the sensors are
blocked.

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Imaging Sequence

PS1 PS2

While the system is idle, the software is always running and collecting detector signals without X-rays
which is called Dark Current. The software also captures data when the X-rays are on which is called
Light Current. Then the software will calculate a correcting factor for each channel. This whole process
is called Calibration. In the forward scanning direction the sensors behave in the scan process as
follows:

1. The item is taken into the tunnel by the conveyor belt.


2. PS1 is blocked and signals the computer to turn ON the X-rays and calibrates the system.
3. The PC also clocks the time PS1 is blocked by the item. The computer will use this time to
compute the length of the item.

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Imaging Sequence

PS1 PS2

4. PS2 is blocked, the computer begins image processing for the duration of time PS1 was blocked.
The image is projected immediately on the screen as the item passes through the X-ray beam.

5. When time expires, the software will stop image processing and turn the X-ray off.

6. In the event of scanning multiple items the sequence repeats when the following item blocks PS1.

Note: If PS1 is not working properly, PS2 will take care of its functions which includes; Turning ON X-rays,
Calibration and clock for bag length on top of doing its own functions.

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Photo Sensors
Additional Information on photo sensors

Photo sensors work like a switch, staying in either OFF- or ON-state (or rather being blocked or unblocked). When the
machine is at ready-to-scan status the sensors are in the ON-state default. When there is a change in this state at any
sensors the software will react accordingly.

The sensors will appear in OFF-state (blocked) when:

- There is a physical block.


- Faulty electronics on either Rx (or Tx) not sending the signal to the Rx.
- The infrared LEDs are faulty.
- Faulty cables between the Rx and Tx.

Often times a tech declares a board “BAD” without clarifying what “BAD” is. A “Bad” board should be in either one of
these conditions.

- There is power going to Rx board but the board is totally dark.


- The LEDs are lighted but the board is unable to process and send the signal to the PC, especially after the tech
verifies all relevant cables in fully functional conditions and after seeing the problem follows when he/she swaps the
suspected board with another at a working PS position.

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600XRhp Series Components

CONCENTRATOR
BOARD

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Data Acquisition System

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Concentrator Board
The Concentrator board is the main interface between the PC and the
rest of the system.

The function of the concentrator is to pass digital data from the DAB’s
and the IOX, to the computer. When an acquisition of image data has
occurred on a DAB, the acquired data is transmitted in 2 blocks, a high
energy and low energy block, to the Concentrator. These blocks are
stored on the Concentrator until every DAB has transmitted its high and
low energy block. Once all the blocks for the current image capture
event from all DABS have reached the concentrator, an image
“projection” is said to have been assembled. The Concentrator will now
append additional data from the IOX, related to the system hardware, to
this projection and the complete packet is then sent to the computer. The
Anubis software will use the information in this packet for system control,
image processing and display.

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Concentrator Board
The concentrator board functions with 12VDC which comes from PSU 2.
This board is also responsible for feeding the required operational voltage
(7V dc) to the Diode Array Boards.

7V dc out 12V dc in

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Concentrator Board
Test Points;
Each 7V output can support
TP1 Gnd
4x DABs.
TP2 12.0V
TP3 7.1V
LED’s on ethernet connectors
TP6 3.3V
have been disabled and as
TP8 7.0V
such will not illuminate.
TP13 1.2V

To DAB To PC To IOX

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600XRhp Series Components

DIODE ARRAY
BOARDS

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600XRhp Series Components


On the 618XRhp and 620XRhp models, the Diode Array Boards are responsible
for converting the X-ray energy into a digital signal.

Once the information from the DAB’s is digital, these values are then sent through
a shielded network cable to the Concentrator board, which then sends the
information to the PC directly for image processing and display.

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Diode Array Boards


The DAB’s use 7VDC which is supplied by
the Concentrator board.

J6-J9

Each DAB assembly


has a High and Low
Energy detector.
Each board is ‘daisy-
chained’ to the next
for both power and
data, with the last
board requiring
termination via
jumpers J6-J9.

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Diode Array Boards


Addressing of the DAB is via a 6 way DIP switch on the back of each board
using binary logic.

Useful Test Points:


TP30 7V
TP33 1.2V
TP35 3.3V
(GND via chassis)

Input voltage to board


via J10 and then through
F1.

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Diode Array Boards


DAB Addressing

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Diode Array Boards


620XRhp Concentrator to DAB
connections.

The last DAB needs to be


terminated with links on J6-9.

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Diode Array Boards

618XRhp DAB profile 620XRhp DAB profile

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600XRhp Series Components

X-RAY PSU &


CONTROL BOARD

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600XRhp Series Components


The Old Rev X-Ray PSU
includes the following
Components:

•Terminal Block
•Toroidal Transformer
•X-ray PSU PCB
•X-ray chassis relay
•65VDC rectifier

These components generate the


voltage needed for the X-ray
Controller which will feed the X-
ray generator

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600XRhp Series Components


All the X-ray PSU components were
replaced by a 12VDC power supply and
a 48VDC power supply.

The 12V becomes the XRC board


voltage while the 48V eventually
becomes the voltage fed to the X-Ray
tube via the XRC and Voltage Multiplyer.

If the E-Stops and Interlocks are closed,


the PSU will receive 240VAC from the
SK112 on the iPDB. The power supply
units will send voltage to the XRC on
PL2

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600XRhp Series Components


The X-Ray Control Board (XRC) rests on
top of the X-Ray Generator. It is
responsible for supplying power to the
generator.

Adjustments such as the KV and mA can


be adjusted on this board. Also
adjustments to the generator (fine tuning)
can be made on this board using an
oscilloscope.

This board communicates data such as


the KV and mA to the IOX board through a
ribbon cable. Control signals like “Turn On”
and “Turn Off” X-rays are also sent via the
ribbon cable.

67

600XRhp Series Maintenance


The X-Ray Control Board (XRC) has several test
points and one LED indicator that will help with
troubleshooting the system. Another component to
check is the Thermal Switch (TS). The TS is
connected to an internal relay coil on the 48V PSU to
enable the O/P of the PSU. If the X-Ray Generator
was to overheat then TS will activate (open) meaning
the coil voltage would be lost and the 48V O/P would
turn off.
TP2 X-ray tube voltage measurement.
(on 140kV 1V = 40.0kV) (on 160kV 1V = 50kV)
TP5 Oscillator frequency
TP9 Regulated KV power supply (36-44V)
TP15 X-ray tube current measurement.
(on 140kV 1V = 0.2mA) (on 160kV 1V = 400uA)
TP26 Regulated mA power supply (36-44v)
L2 60 Volts unregulated input

N.B. The Generator Test Box can still be


used on the XRHp units.

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600XRhp Series Components

INVERTER & MOTOR


CONNECTION

69

600XRhp Series Components


The Inverter is responsible for driving the motorized roller. It takes a single
phase AC input, and outputs a 3 phase AC voltage to the 3-phase induction
motor inside the roller.

All of the XRhp models will have the ATV12 inverter. The Inverter connection
instructions are located under the units front cover. It includes a Forward,
Reverse, and an Inverter Fault signal.

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618/620XRhp System Diagram


Here is the drive roller and
inverter configuration.

The inverter receives


control signals from the
IOX board and the
voltage feed comes from
the iPDB.

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Inverter Connections ATV12

Ll1 is the
connection for
FWD, Ll2 for REV
(needs to be
programmed).

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600XRhp Series Components


The Inverter needs to be adjusted to the following speed settings. The rest of
the settings are left at ‘default’ apart from Reverse Direction which needs to be
adjusted to match the appropriate input from the IOX.

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Belt Routing Example


620XRhp

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600XRhp Series Components

X-RAY LAMPS, ICP


& LVDS

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X-Ray Lamps

Connects to PL4 on the IOX Board.

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Icon Control Panel Connections

IPDB

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Icon Control Panel


Key-switch

Female
Connector
from Keyboard
P1

Emergency
Power Switch
Stop

Circular connector pin allocations.


The circular connector connects the
emergency stop, key switch and power
switch to the connector on the PCB.
The control panel keys and touchpad
connections are made via the RJ45
connector.

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LVDS Module

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600XRhp Series: GENERATEUR A RAYONS X

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600XRhp Series X-ray Generator

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600XRhp Series X-ray Generator


The X-ray generator consists of an X-ray tube, filament transformer and HV
multiplier stack on a PCB with transformers with varying voltages, depending on
the generator used.

The generator
internal components
are immersed in
mineral transformer
oil.

There is a bellows at
one end of the
generator to allow
for expansion of the
oil. There are no
user serviceable
parts inside the
generator.

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600XRhp Series X-ray Generator

The X-rays leave the tube thought the aluminum opening on the top of the
generator plate.

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600XRhp Series X-ray Generator


The 600XRh X-Ray Generator does not have a Primary Collimator, like
it’s XRW counter-part, but is fitted with a Pre Collimator. This is gapped
and positioned in the factory and is not adjustable.

Pre collimator

However the Generator,


with Pre-Collimator, may
need an lateral alignment
adjustment after
installation due to
movement.

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600XRhp Series X-ray Generator


As the Gap on the Pre-
collimator is fixed and cannot
be adjusted. The collimation
adjustments will be done on the
Secondary Collimator and the
DAB cabinets.

The bellows to allow


for oil expansion.

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600XRhp Series X-ray Generator


As the Gap on the Pre-
collimator is fixed and cannot
be adjusted. The collimation
adjustments will be done on the
Secondary Collimator and the
DAB cabinets.

The bellows to allow


for oil expansion.

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600XRhp Series X-ray Generator

The X-ray Control Board (XRC) is


located on top of the generator. KV
and mA adjustments can be made on
board.

All boards should be pre-tuned at the


factory prior to being shipped. The
XRC boards should not have to ever
be tuned in the field. (O-scope and
Current Probe required for tuning.)

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600XRhp Series X-ray Generator


A fan is mounted on the side of
the generator to cool the
bellows. The copper bellows
allows oil to expand and cool.
This prevents gasket leaks
and generator over-heating.

The bellows are covered by


X-ray shielding to prevent
excess X-ray leakage.

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600XRhp Series X-ray Generator


A fan is mounted on the side of
the generator to cool the
bellows. The copper bellows
allows oil to expand and cool.
This prevents gasket leaks
and generator over-heating.

The bellows are covered by


X-ray shielding to prevent
excess X-ray leakage.

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600XRhp Series X-ray Generator


Remove the X-ray control PCB by removing 4 bolts,
2 grounding wires, and 2 electrical connectors.

Also remove the


ribbon cable in the
middle of the
board.

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600XRhp Series X-ray Generator


Mark the existing generator frame location on the chassis by
pencil. This will aid in the reinstallation of the generator
frame after replacement.

Also please notice the position of the V-notch.

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600XRhp Series X-ray Generator


Disconnect the pre-collimator from the bottom of the scatterbox by
removing 2 screws on the end and 1 screw on each side toward the back
of the box, a total of 4 screws removed.

Once the screws are


removed, slide the
collimator cover out.

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600XRh Series X-ray Generator


Install the new generator assembly onto the system chassis. Be sure to
line up the generator frame with the markings made in your second step,
as well as the two V-notch position.
• Reconnect the generator
cooling fan power cable.

• Re-assemble the pre-


collimator to the
scatterbox by sliding the
collimator cover back in
and then screwing in the 4
bolts.
•Re-install the X-ray Control PCB and reattach the 4 bolts, 2 grounding wires, and
2 electrical connectors

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600XRhp Series X-ray Generator


Once the new generator is fully installed, there are a few procedures to
carry out before you can start using the machine.

•If the generator has been in stored for an extended


period of time (3Months+), perform generator
conditioning (Consult Maintenance Manual)

•Verify that kV, mA, and ramp up profiles are within


acceptable tolerances.

•Check the Array Response (RAW) to verify that the


signal response profile is within acceptable tolerances:
A. If Array response is not within tolerance, perform
the collimation procedure.
B. If Array response is acceptable, complete
remaining quality, safety and documentation
checks as required.

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600XRhp Series Collimation


Collimation is achieved by properly aligning
the following system components:

•X-ray Generator
Focal Point

•Pre-Collimator

•Secondary Collimator

•DAB’s

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600XRh Series Collimation


The 3 components that need to be aligned
are:
-Generator (focal point)
-Secondary Collimator
-Diode Array

You can observe in the image on the left a


proper alignment of the components
mentioned.

For accurate collimation the


machine must have it’s feet down
(so that it is not resting on it’s
wheels) and be level.

For Advanced Collimation Procedures, see


section 12.1 of the Maintenance Manual

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600XRhp Series Collimation


As the accuracy of collimation is based on how well the x-ray beam is aligned with the
diodes then it makes sense that we judge this alignment by using the Array Response.

Low and high energy responses are shown on separate areas.

97

600XRhp Series Collimation


Now, Let’s scan a bag to verify a good collimation!

A good collimation
should provide a very
detailed image with
no black or grey lines
on the screen.

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