6LVWHPDWLND .

RGLÀNDVL +DGLV 1DEL GDUL 7LQMDXDQ 6HMDUDK

ADDIN, Vol. 7, No. 2, Agustus 2013

SISTEMATIKA KODIFIKASI HADIS NABI

DARI TINJAUAN SEJARAH
Masturi Irham
67,.(6 ,QVDQ &HQGHNLD .XGXV -DZD 7HQJDK ,QGRQHVLD
irham78@yahoo.com

Abstrak
6HMDUDK SHQJRGLÀNDVLDQ KDGLV 1DEL GDQ VLVWHPDWLNDQ\D PHQXUXW SDUD
SDNDU VHMDUDK PHPLOLNL DUJXPHQWDVL \DQJ EHUEHGD EHGD $GD XODPD
SDNDU VHMDUDK \DQJ PHQJDWDNDQ IDVH DZDO 1DEL SHQXOLVDQ KDGLV GLODUDQJ
GDQ SDUD VDKDEDW GLDUDKNDQ XQWXN IRNXV SDGD SHQXOLVDQ $O 4XU·DQ
GHQJDQ DODVDQ KDGLV VXGDK WHUFDWDW $GD \DQJ PHQJDWDNDQ SHQXOLVDQ
KDGLV EDUX GLPXODL SDGD PDVD VDKDEDW $GD SXOD \DQJ PHQJDWDNDQ
EDKZD SHQXOLVDQ KDGLV EDUX GLPXODL DGD DEDG NH +LMUL\DK .DMLDQ LQL
PHQFRED PHQJXDN DSD GL EDOLN SHQXOLVDQ KDGLV \DQJ WHUNHVDQ EHUOLNX
OLNX MDODQ \DQJ KDUXV GLODOXL KLQJJD DEDG NH %HUPXOD GDUL NRQWUDGLNVL
SHUHNDPDQ KDGLV SDGD PDVD 1DEL GDQ VDKDEDW PDVD WDEL·LQ KLQJJD
KDGLV KDGLV WHUVHEXW WHUNRGLÀNDVLNDQ GDODP EHQWXN \DQJ VLVWHPDWLV
GDQ WHUEXNXNDQ GDODP EDE EDE \DQJ EHUDWXUDQ KLQJJD PHPXQFXONDQ
EHEHUDSD PHWRGRORJL GDODP SHQJXPSXODQQ\D 3DGD DNKLU SHPEDKDVDQ
GLWHPXNDQ EHEHUDSD VLVWHPDWLND SHQXOLVDQ KDGLV PXODL GDUL SHODUDQJDQ
SHQXOLVDQ KDGLV SDGD PDVD QDEL KLQJJD KDGLV WHUNRGLÀNDVLNDQ VHFDUD
UDSL VDDW LQL
Kata Kunci: 3URVHV .RGLÀNDVL .HDVOLDQ +DGLV

Abstract
7+( 6<67(0$7,& &2',),&$7,21 2) 3523+(7·6
+$',7+ )520 +,6725< 5(9,(: $FFRUGLQJ WR WKH H[SHUWV
WKH KLVWRU\ FRGLI\LQJ KDGLWK RI WKH 3URSKHW DQG LWV V\VWHPV KDV GLIIHUHQW

$'',1 9RO 1R $JXVWXV 2013 273

0DVWXUL ,UKDP

DUJXPHQWV 7KHUH DUH VFKRODUV KLVWRULDQV VWDWLQJ WKDW WKH LQLWLDO SKDVH
RI ZULWLQJ WKH KDGLWKV ZDV SURKLELWHG DQG WKH FRPSDQLRQV ZHUH GLUHFWHG
WR IRFXV RQ ZULWLQJ WKH 4XUDQ IRU WKH UHDVRQV WKDW KDGLWK KDV DOUHDG\
EHHQ QRWHG 2WKHUV VWDWH WKDW WKH ZULWLQJ RI D QHZ WUDGLWLRQ EHJDQ GXULQJ
FRPSDQLRQV 6RPH VD\ WKDW ZULWLQJ EHJDQ RQ WKH VHFRQG FHQWXU\ +LMUDK
7KLV VWXG\ WULHG WR XQFRYHU WKH ZULWLQJ WUDGLWLRQV WKDW VHHP WRUWXRXV XQWLO
WKH VHFRQG FHQWXU\ 6WDUWLQJ IURP WKH FRQWUDGLFWLRQV RI UHFRUGLQJ KDGLWK
GXULQJ SURSKHWV DQG FRPSDQLRQV WDEL·LQ SHULRG WR WKHVH V\VWHPDWLF FRGLÀHG
KDGLWKV DQG ERRNHG LQ FKDSWHUV XQLIRUPO\ WR EULQJ VRPH PHWKRGRORJ\ LQ
WKH FROOHFWLRQ $W WKH HQG RI WKH GLVFXVVLRQ LW ZDV IRXQG D QXPEHU RI
V\VWHPDWLF ZULWLQJ WUDGLWLRQV UDQJLQJ IURP WKH EDQQLQJ RI KDGLWK ZULWLQJ
DW WKH WLPH RI WKH 3URSKHW XQWLO LW ZDV FRGLÀHG QHDWO\ QRZ
Keywords: &RGLÀFDWLRQ 3URFHVV $XWKHQWLFLW\ +DGLWK

A. Pendahuluan
3ROHPLN SHUPDVDODKDQ SHQFDWDWDQ KDGLV SHUWDPD NDOL
PXQFXO SDGD PDVD 1DEL VDZ 'LPDQD WHUGDSDW KDGLV KDGLV \DQJ
PHODUDQJ SHQXOLVDQ VHJDOD LOPX VHODLQ DO 4XU·DQ GLVDPSLQJ LWX
MXJD WHUGDSDW KDGLV KDGLV \DQJ PHPSHUEROHKNDQ $GD MXJD \DQJ
PHQJDWDNDQ EDKZD SDGD PDVD 1DEL VDZ KDGLV WHODK WHUFDWDW
VHEDJLDQ PHQJDWDNDQ EDKZD SDGD PDVD VDKDEDW DNWLÀWDV LQL EDUX
GLPXODL 7DSL GDUL EHEHUDSD NHWHUDQJDQ SDUD XODPD WHUGDKXOX
GLNDWDNDQ EDKZD NRGLÀNDVL KDGLV EHOXP SHUQDK WHUMDGL1 NHFXDOL
SDGD DNKLU DEDG SHUWDPD KLMUL\DK 7HSDWQ\D PDVD SHPHULQWDKDQ
NKDOLIDK 8PDU ELQ $EGXO $]L] 3DGD PDVD LWX WHUGDSDW EHEHUDSD
QDPD \DQJ GLWXJDVL XQWXN PHQJNRGLÀNDVL KDGLV 'LDQWDUD XODPD \DQJ
WHUNHQDO \DQJ PHQGDSDW WXJDV WHUVHEXW DGDODK 0XKDPPDG ELQ 6\LKDE
$] =XKUL $U 5REL· ELQ 6XEDLK 6DLG ELQ $EL $UXEDK GDQ ODLQQ\D2.
$O +DÀ] LEQ +DMDU GDODP NLWDEQ\D \DQJ PRQXPHQWDO ´)DWK
DO %DULµ PHPEHULNDQ DODVDQ PHQJDSD SDGD PDVD 1DEL VDZ GDQ
SDUD VDKDEDWQ\D EHOXP SHUQDK PHQJNRGLINDVL KDGLV NDODXSXQ
SHUQDK NXDQWLWDVQ\D VDQJDWODK PLQLP +DO LQL GLPXQJNLQNDQ
1
<DQJ GLPDNVXG SHPEXNXDQ GLVLQL DGDODK SHPEXNXDQ \DQJ EHUVLIDW
WHUWLE GDODP EHQWXNQ\D \DQJ WHPDWLV GDQ VLVWHPDWLV
2
,EQ +DMDU $O $VTDODQL )DW DO %DUL &DLUR 3XVWDND DO $KUDP W W
MLOLG , KOP

274 $'',1 9RO 1R $JXVWXV

 6LVWHPDWLND .RGLÀNDVL +DGLV 1DEL GDUL 7LQMDXDQ 6HMDUDK

ROHK EHEHUDSD VHEDE 3HUWDPD SDGD PXODQ\D SDUD VDKDEDW GDSDW

ODUDQJDQ GDUL 1DEL VDZ NDUHQD GLNDZDWLUNDQ DNDQ EHUFDPSXU
DGXNQ\D DQWDUD DO 4XU·DQ GDQ DO KDGLV .HGXD NDUHQD GD\D LQJDW
GDQ NHFHUGDVDQ VHUWD NHWDMDPDQ DQDOLVD SDUD VDKDEDW PDVLKODK
PXUQL GDQ EHOXP WHUSHQJDUXKL ROHK EDQ\DN PDVDODK
%HUDQJNDW GDUL XUDLDQ GL DWDV PDND NLWD KDUXV WHOLWL DGDNDK
SHUEHGDDQ LVWLODK DO NLWDEDK SHQXOLVDQ \DQJ PDVLK VHGHUKDQD
DW WDGZLQ SHQ\XVXQDQ GDQ SHQHUWLEDQ LVL PXODL GDUL MXGXO EDE
GDQ LVLQ\D GDQ DW WDVQLI XVDKD SHQJXPSXODQ KDGLV GHQJDQ
SHQGHNDWDQ WHPDWLV VHKLQJJD VXVXQDQQ\D VLVWHPDWLV 3 6HKLQJJD
GDUL VDQD NLWD WLGDN PXGDK WHUMHEDN GHQJDQ LVX GDQ SROHPLN
\DQJ EHUNHPEDQJ PHQJHQDL SHQFDWDWDQ KDGLV \DQJ VHEHWXOQ\D
SHUPDVDODKDQ LQL WHODK ODPD EHUNHPEDQJ 1DPXQ SROHPLN
WHUVHEXW WHUXV EHUNHPEDQJ GDQ PXQFXO NHSHUPXNDDQ
'DODP DUWLNHO LQL SHQXOLV PHQFRED PHQJXDN DSD GLEDOLN
SHQXOLVDQ KDGLV \DQJ WHUNHVDQ EHUOLNX OLNX MDODQ \DQJ KDUXV GLODOXL
KLQJJD DEDG NHGXD %HUPXOD GDUL GLODUDQJQ\D SHQXOLVDQ KDGLV
KLQJJD KDGLV KDGLV WHUVHEXW WHUNRGLÀNDVLNDQ GDODP EHQWXN \DQJ
VLVWHPDWLV GDQ WHUEXNXNDQ GDODP EDE EDE \DQJ EHUDWXUDQ KLQJJD
PHPXQFXONDQ EHEHUDSD PHWRGRORJL GDODP SHQJXPSXODQQ\D

B. Pembahasan
1. Aktivitas Tulis-Menulis pada Zaman Jahiliyah dan
Permulaan Islam
.HNXDWDQ KDIDODQ DGDODK PHUXSDNDQ VDODK VDWX FLUL DWDX
NHLVWLPHZDDQEDQJVDDUDEVHMDNPDVDMDKLOL\\DK $NDQWHWDSL EXNDQ
EHUDUWL EDKZD NHLVWLPHZDDQ LQL WHUXV PHQJKDODQJL PHUHND XQWXN
PHODNXNDQ NHJLDWDQ WXOLV PHQXOLV ,QL GLSHUWHJDV ROHK EHEHUDSD
XODPD \DQJ PHQJDGDNDQ ULVHW WHQWDQJ KDO LQL 'DODP NLWDEQ\D
7DEDTDW ,EQ 6DDG PHQJDWDNDQ EDKZD VHVHRUDQJ SDGD ]DPDQ
MDKLOL\DK GDQ PDVD SHUPXODDQ ,VODP GLNDWDNDQ VHPSXUQD DSDELOD
PHQJXDVDL WLJD KDO WXOLV PHQXOLV UHQDQJ GDQ PHPDQDK 4
3
,VPDLO $EGXO :DKLG 0DNOXI 'LUDVDW À 0DQkKLM DO 0XKDGGLVLQ &DLUR
'DU DO ,·WLVRP W W KOP
4
,EQX 6D·G T}DEDTDW ,EQ 6D·G &DLUR 'DU DO +DGLV MX] KOP

$'',1 9RO 1R $JXVWXV 2013 275

0DVWXUL ,UKDP

6D\DQJQ\D NHJLDWDQ LQL WLGDN EHJLWX GDSDW GLRSWLPDONDQ

VHJDLPDQD PHVWLQ\D +DO LQL GLNDUHQDNDQ EDKZD NHKLGXSDQ VHKDUL
KDUL PHUHND EHOXP PHPHUOXNDQ KDO WHUVHEXW 1DPXQ EDQ\DN
VXPEHU \DQJ PHQ\HEXWNDQ EDKZD PDVD VHEHOXP GDWDQJQ\D ,VODP
GL -D]LUDK DUDE VXGDK WHUGDSDW ´NHJLDWDQ SHQGLGLNDQµ 5 %LDVDQ\D
DNWLYLWDV PHUHND GDODP WXOLV PHQXOLV GLLPSOHPHQWDVLNDQ GDODP
EHQWXN SHQXOLVDQ V\DLU SHQXOLVDQ \DQJ EHUNDLWDQ GHQJDQ NDELODK
PHUHND EDLN \DQJ EHUNHQDDQ PDVDODK NDEDU NHVHKDULDQQ\D DWDX
NDEDU WHQWDQJ SHSHUDQJDQ PHUHND
+LQJJD ,VODP GDWDQJ EHEHUDSD RUDQJ GDUL NDODQJDQ 4XUDLV\
\DQJ EHUMXPODK RUDQJ VHPXDQ\D GDSDW PHQXOLV 7HWDSL MXPODK
LQL WLGDN ELVD GLMDGLNDQ SDWRNDQ PHQJLQJDW EDKZD OHWDN PDNNDK
\DQJ VDQJDW VWUDWHJLV XQWXN SHUGDJDQJDQ GLVDPSLQJ VHEDJDL SXVDW
NHJLDWDQ DJDPD -DGL ELVD VDMD MXPODK LQL OHELK GDUL RUDQJ 'L
VHJL ODLQ QDPD QDPD SHQXOLV \DQJ GL VHEXWNDQ $O %DOD]XUL GDODP
´IXWXK DO EXOGDQµ WLGDN PHQFDNXS RUDQJ RUDQJ PDNNDK \DQJ
GLNHQDO GDSDW PHQXOLV VHSHUWL $EX %DNDU DO 6LGGLT $EGXOODK
ELQ ¶$PU ELQ DO $V 6XI\DQ ELQ +DUE GDQ ODLQ ODLQ 'L VDPSLQJ
LWX MXJD WHUGDSDW EHEHUDSD QDPD ZDQLWD \DQJ PHQJHWDKXL WXOLV
PHQXOLV VHSHUWL 8PPXO 0X·PLQLQ +DIVDK 8PPX .DOVXP
ELQ ¶8TEDK $LV\DK ELQWL 6D·DG GDQ .DULPDK ELQWL $O 0LTGDG
6HGDQJNDQ 8PPXO 0X·PLQLQ ¶$LV\DK GDQ 8PPX 6DODPDK KDQ\D
GDSDW PHPEDFD GDQ VHFDUD XPXP WLGDN GDSDW PHQXOLV
0HVNLSXQ RUDQJ RUDQJ DUDE SDGD ]DPDQ MDKLOL\\DK WHODK
PHQJHUWL WXOLV PHQXOLV DNDQ WHWDSL NHJLDWDQ LQL WLGDN DGD \DQJ
PHQVXSSRUWQ\D NHFXDOL VHWHODK GDWDQJQ\D ,VODP $O 4XU·DQ VHEDJDL
SHGRPDQ XPDW ,VODP WHODK PHQGRURQJ SDUD SHPHOXNQ\D XQWXN
EHODMDU GDQ PHPSHUGDODP DJDPD VHEDJDLPDQD ÀUPDQ $OODK
´0HQJDSD WLGDN SHUJL GDUL WLDS WLDS JRORQJDQ GLDQWDUD PHUHND EHEHUDSD
RUDQJ XQWXN PHPSHUGDODP SHQJHWDKXDQ WHQWDQJ DJDPD GDQ XQWXN PHPEHUL
SHULQJDWDQ NHSDGD NDXPQ\D DSDELOD PHUHND WHODK NHPEDOL NHSDGDQ\D
VXDSD\D PHUHND LWX GDSDW PHQMDJD GLULQ\Dµ 7
5
$O $]DPL +DGLV 1DEDZL GDQ VHMDUDK .RGLÀNDVLQ\D -DNDUWD 3XVWDND
)LUGDXV KOP
,ELG KOP
7
4 6 DW 7DXEDK > @
$'',1 9RO 1R $JXVWXV
 6LVWHPDWLND .RGLÀNDVL +DGLV 1DEL GDUL 7LQMDXDQ 6HMDUDK

'LVDPSLQJ LWX DGDQ\D GRURQJDQ GDUL UDVXO XQWXN EHODMDU

´EDUDQJ VLDSD PHQHOXVXUL MDODQ XQWXN PHQXQWXW LOPX PDND $OODK
PHPEHULNDQ NHPXGDKDQ SDGDQ\D EHUXSD MDODQ PHQXMX VXUJDµ
6HODLQ LWX WXUXQQ\D ULVDODK NHSDGD 0XKDPPDG EHULPSOLNDVL
SDGD PRWLYDVL EHODMDU 'DQ ZDK\X PHPEXWXKNDQ SHQXOLV \DQJ
GDSDW PHOHVWDULNDQQ\D %HJLWX MXJD GDODP XUXVDQ SHPHULQWDKDQ
WHUGDSDW VXUDW PHQ\XUDW GDQ GRNXPHQWDVL GLEXWXKNDQ MXJD
VHRUDQJ SHQXOLV %HEHUDSD VDDW VHWHODK NHQDELDQ 0XKDPPDG
WHUGDSDW VHNLWDU OLPD SXOXK RUDQJ \DQJ PHQXOLV ZDK\X VXUDW
PHQ\XUDW GDQ SHUMDQMLDQ SHUMDQMLDQ XUXVDQ SHPHULQWDK GDQ
ODLQQ\D -DGL NHJLDWDQ WXOLV PHQXOLV LQL VHFDUD NHVHOXUXKDQ WHODK
DGD SDGD PDVD MDKLOL\\DK GDQ EHUNHPEDQJ SDGD PDVD SHUWDPD
Islam.
2. Kontradiksi Perekaman Hadis Masa Nabi dan Sahabat
a. Dalil-dalil Pelarangan Penulisan Hadis
'LDQWDUD KDGLV KDGLV \DQJ PHODUDQJ SHQXOLVDQ VHODLQ $O
4XU·DQ DGDODK VHEDJDL EHULNXW
+DGLV \DQJ GLULZD\DWNDQ ROHK $EX 6DLG DO .KX]UL U D EDKZD
5DVXOXOODK EHUVDEGD µ-DQJDQODK NDPX VHNDOLDQ PHQXOLV DSDSXQ
GDULNX GDQ EDUDQJ VLDSD \DQJ PHQXOLV GDULNX VHODLQ DO 4XU·DQ
PDND KDSXVODKµ + 5 0XVOLP 10
$EX 6DLG DO .KXGUL EHUNDWD µ.LWD WHODK EHUXVDKD PLQWD LMLQ
PHQXOLV KDGLV SDGD 1DEL VDZ WDSL 1DEL VDZ PHQRODNQ\D 'DODP
ULZD\DW ODLQ EHOLDX EHUNDWD NLWD WHODK PLQWD LMLQ SDGD 1DEL VDZ
WHQWDQJ SHQXOLVDQ KDGLV GDQ 1DEL WLGDN PHPEHULNDQ LMLQ SDGD NLWDµ
+5 0XVOLP .
+DGLV \DQJ GLULZD\DWNDQ ROHK $EX +XUDLUDK EHOLDX EHUNDWD
´.LWD WHODK NHOXDU EHUVDPD 5DVXOXOODK GDQ NLWD PHQXOLV KDGLV
KDGLVQ\D 5DVXOXOODK EHUWDQ\D µ$SD \DQJ WHODK NDOLDQ WXOLV"µ
$KPDG 0XVQDG %HLUXW 'DU DO .XWXE DO ,OPL\\DK MLOLG
KOP
0 $MMDM DO .KDWLE 8VXO DO +DGLV 8OXPXKX ZD 0XVWDODKXKX %HLUXW
'DU DO )LNU KOP
10
,PDP DQ 1DZDZL SDKLK 0XVOLP EL 6\DUKL DQ 1DZDZL %HLUXW 'DU HO
0D·ULIDK W W MLOLG KOP

$'',1 9RO 1R $JXVWXV 2013 277

0DVWXUL ,UKDP

.LWD PHQMDZDE ´+DGLV KDGLV \DQJ WHODK NDPL GHQJDU GDULPX \D

5DVXODOODKµ 5DVXOXOODK EHUWDQ\D ODJL ´NLWDE VHODLQ NLWDE $OODK"µ
WLGDNNDK NDOLDQ WDKX XPPDW XPPDW VHEHOXP NDOLDQ WLGDNODK
WHODK VHVDW NHFXDOL NDUHQD WHODK PHQXOLV NLWDE NLWDE EHUVDPD NLWDE
$OODKµ
+DGLV \DQJ GLULZD\DWNDQ ROHK ,EQX 8PDU UD D GLULZD\DWNDQ
GDUL 6DLG LEQX =XEDLU UD EHOLDX EHUNDWD ´VD\D WHODK PHQXOLV
NHSDGD PDV\DUDNDW NXIDK WHQWDQJ EHEHUDSD PDVDODK \DQJ NHPXGLDQ
GLGDSDWL ROHK ,EQX 8PDU UD $NXSXQ EHUEHJDV PHQHPXLQ\D GDQ
PHQDQ\DNDQ WHQWDQJ KDO WHUVHEXW 6HDQGDLQ\D LD PHQJHWDKXL EDKZD
DNX WHODK PHQXOLVQ\D WHQWXQ\D KDO WHUVHEXW DNDQ PHQMDGL SHPLVDK
DQWDUD DNX GHQJDQQ\Dµ
b. Dalil-Dalil Tentang Pembolehan Mencatat Hadis
'LVLVL ODLQ GLVDQD WHUGDSDW EHEHUDSD GDOLO \DQJ PHQMDGL
DUJXPHQ EDJL SHPEROHKDQ SHQXOXOLVDQ KDGLV GLDQWDUDQQ\D
DGDODK11
+DGLV \DQJ GLULZD\DWNDQ ROHK $EGXOODK ELQ $PUX ELQ DO
As} U D ´DNX WHODK PHQFDWDW VHJDOD VHVXDWX \DQJ WHODK DNX GHQJDU
GDUL 5DVXOXOODK VDZ NDUHQD KHQGDN PHQJKDIDOQ\D 0HQJHWDKXL
KDO LWX NDXP 4XUDLV\ PHODUDQJNX VHUD\D EHUNDWD DSDNDK NDPX
PHQXOLV VHJDOD VHVXDWX GDUL 5DVXOXOODK VHPHQWDUD 5DVXOXOODK
PDQXVLD ELDVD \DQJ EHUWXWXU EDLN VDDW PDUDK GDQ ULGOR .HPXGLDQ
DNX PHQJKHQWLNDQ DNWLÀWDV SHQXOLVDQ WHUVHEXW GDQ PHQ\DPSDLNDQ
KDO WHUVHEXW NH 5DVXOXOODK PDND 5DVXOXOODK PHQJDQJJXN GDQ
PHQJDUDKNDQ MDULQ\D SDGD PXOXWQ\D GDQ EHUNDWD ´WXOLVODK GHPL ]\DW
\DQJ MLZDNX GDODP NHNXDVDDQ 1\D WLGDN DGD VHVXDWX \DQJ NHOXDU
GDUL PXOXWNX NHFXDOL LD PHUXSDNDQ NHEHQDUDQµ .
$EX +XUDLUDK UD EHUNDWD ´7LDGD VHRUDQJSXQ GDUL SDUD VDKDEDW
1DEL VDZ \DQJ OHELK EDQ\DN KDGLVQ\D NHFXDOL GDUL $EGXOODK ELQ
$PU GLD PHQFDWDW GDQ DNX WLGDN.µ13
11
,ELG KOP
12
,PDP +DNLP 0XVWDGUDN MLOLG , KOP EHOLDX EHUNRPHQWDU
EDKZD KDGLV LQL VDKLKXO LVQDG 'DQ MXJD GDSDW GLWHPXL GL 6XQDQ DO 'DUDPL
KOP MLOLG ,
13
,EQ +DMDU DO $VTDODQL )DWK DO %DUL &DLUR 3XVWDND DO $KUDP W W

$'',1 9RO 1R $JXVWXV

 6LVWHPDWLND .RGLÀNDVL +DGLV 1DEL GDUL 7LQMDXDQ 6HMDUDK

+DGLV ULZD\DW $QDV ELQ 0DOLN EHOLDX EHUNDWD 5DVXOXOODK

SHUQDK EDUVDEGD ´LNDWODK LOPX GHQJDQ WXOLVDQµ
+DGLV ULZD\DW 1DÀ ELQ .KXGDLM LD EHUNDWD .LWD WHODK
EHUNDWD \D 5DVXOXOODK NLWD PHQGHQJDU VHVXDWX GDULPX EROHKNDQ
NLWD PHQXOLVQ\D" 5DVXOXOODK PHQMDZDE WXOLVODK WDN DGD PDVDODKµ
c. Upaya Memahami Dua Versi Hadis yang
Kontradiktif
'DUL YHUVL GXD KDGLV WHUVHEXW GDSDW GLDPELO NHVLPSXODQ
EDKZD WLGDN PXQJNLQ PXQFXOQ\D NHGXD YHUVL WHUVHEXW GDODP
VDWX ZDNWX GDQ VHUHQWDN 'DODP KDO LQL EDKZD NHPXQJNLQDQ
PXQFXOQ\D KDGLV SHODUDQJDQ SHQFDWDWDQ OHELK GDKXOX GDUL SDGD
SHPEROHKDQ SHQFDWDWDQ 'LSHUEROHKNDQQ\D SHQFDWDWDQ KDGLV
LWX VHQGLUL VHWHODK KLODQJQ\D VHEDE VHEDE \DQJ EHULPSOLNDVL
SDGD SHODUDQJDQ 3DUD VDKDEDW SDGD PXODQ\D VHODOX EHUVHJHUD
PHQFDWDW DSD VDMD \DQJ WHUMDGL GDQ \DQJ GLDMDUNDQ ROHK
UDVXOXOODK GDQ KDO LWX GLSHUEROHKNDQQ\D .RQGLVL LQL VXGDK
WHUELDVD DSDODJL SDGD ]DPDQ VHEHOXP ,VODP VDMD NHELDVDDQ
WXOLV PHQXOLV WHODK DGD DSDODJL VHWHODK GDWDQJQ\D ,VODP \DQJ
VHEDJLDQ LQWL GDUL DMDUDQQ\D PHQ\XUXK RUDQJ EHODMDU
'DODP GDWDUDQ VHODQMXWQ\D GLWDNXWNDQ EHUFDPSXUQ\D
DMDUDQ GDUL UDVXOXOODK \DQJ EHUXSD DO 4XU·DQ GDQ KDGLV LQL
PHQ\XOLWNDQ SDUD VDKDEDW XQWXN PHPEHGDNDQ DQWDUD NHGXDQ\D
6HGDQJNDQ NHPDPSXDQ GDQ GD\D LQJDW SDUD VDKDEDW EHUEHGD
EHGD DGD \DQJ NXDW DGD \DQJ OHPDK GDQ DGD NXDW VHNDOL 8QWXN
PHQJKLQGDUL NHUDQFXDQ GDODP SUR\HN SHQXOLVDQ DO 4XU·DQ
PDND KDGLV KDGLV SHUWDPD \DQJ PXQFXO DGDODK SHODUDQJDQ
SHQXOLVDQ 3HODUDQJDQ LQL NDODX GLFHUPDWL VLIDWQ\D XPXP EDJL
SDUD VDKDEDW GDQ NKXVXV EDJL \DQJ PDPSX PHQXOLV GHQJDQ
EDLN GDQ WLGDN NKDZDWLU WHUMDGL NHVDODKDQ \DQJ IDWDO GDODP
PHPEHGDNDQ DQWDUD DO 4XU·DQ GDQ KDGLV PDND GLSHUEROHKNDQ
PHQXOLV NHGXDQ\D 7HUNHVDQ MXJD EDKZD SHODUDQJDQ SHQXOLVDQ
WHUMDGL DSDELOD DQWDUD DO 4XU·DQ GDQ KDGLV GLWXOLV GDODP VDWX
NHUWDV VHGDQJ NDODX GLSLVDK PDND GLSHUEROHKNDQ

MLOLG KOP

$'',1 9RO 1R $JXVWXV 2013

0DVWXUL ,UKDP

$GD MXJD SHQGDSDW \DQJ PHQJDWDNDQ DGDQ\D QDVDNK

GDQ PDQVXNK GDODP NHGXD YHUVL KDGLV WHUVHEXW +DGLV KDGLV
\DQJ WHQWDQJ SHODUDQJDQ GL QDVDNK ROHK KDGLV KDGLV WHQWDQJ
SHPEROHKDQ SHQFDWDWDQ 'DODP DUWLDQ EDKZD SHODUDQJDQ
NRGLÀNDVL KDGLV VHEHQDUQ\D KDQ\D SDGD PDVD SHUWDPD WDPD ,VODP
NDUHQD GLWDNXWNDQ EHUFDPSXUQ\D DQWDUD DO KDGLV GDQ $O 4XU·DQ
7HWDSL NHWLND NXDQWLWDV NDXP PXVOLPLQ VXGDK PXODL VLJQLÀNDQ
GDQ PHUHND VXGDK EDQ\DN \DQJ PHQGDODPL LVL NDQGXQJDQ $O
4XU·DQ VHUWD GDSDW PHPEHGDNDQ DQWDUD NDQGXQJDQ DO KDGLV GDQ
$O 4XU·DQ GHQJDQ VHQGLULQ\D NHWDNXWDQ PHUHND DNDQ EHUFDPSXU
DGXN DQWDUD NHGXDQ\D KLODQJ PDND GLQDVDNK14 ODK KXNXP
SHODUDQJDQ WHUVHEXW GDQ KXNXP WHUVHEXW PHQMDGL EROHK 15.
3. Penulisan Hadis Pada Masa Nabi dan Sahabat
'DODP SHPEDKDVDQ WHUGDKXOX WHODK GLNDWDNDQ EDKZD SDGD
PDVD MDKLOL\\DK GDQ PDVD SHUWDPD ,VODP DNWLYLWDV WXOLV PHQXOLV
WHODK DGD %DKNDQ SHQXOLVDQ KDGLV SDGD PDVD VDKDEDW VHEHQDUQ\D
WHODK DGD ZDODXSXQ WLGDN VHEDQ\DN SDGD PDVD 7DEL·LQ DSDODJL PDVD
VHWHODKQ\D +DO LQL GLNDUHQDNDQ KDGLV ODUDQJDQ SHQXOLVDQ VHODLQ
$O 4XU·DQ VDQJDW PHQJHQD GLEHQDN SDUD VDKDEDW 6HODQMXWQ\D
KDGLV KDGLV 1DEL WHODK GLWXOLV KLQJJD PHQ\HEDU OXDV SDGD GLUL SDUD
VDKDEDW :DODXSXQ GHPLNLDQ KDGLV KDGLV WHUVHEXW PDVLK RXWHQWLN
VHKLQJJD WLGDN GLSHUOXNDQ DGDQ\D SHQHOLWLDQ DWDX SHPHULNVDDQ
WHUKDGDS NHUDJXDQ DWDV NHDEVDKDQQ\D VHKLQJJD FHQGHUXQJ WLGDN
DGD PDVDODK WHUKDGDS DJDPD EDKNDQ KDGLV LWX VHQGLUL .DODXSXQ
WHUGDSDW PDVDODK PDVDODK \DQJ EHUVLQJJXQJDQ HUDW SDGD DJDPD
PDND SDUD VDKDEDW ODQJVXQJ EHUVHJHUD PHQDQ\DNDQ NHSDGD
1DEL
2OHK NDUHQDQ\D SDGD PDVD 1DEL SDGD DZDO PXODQ\D EHOLDX
PHODUDQJ PHQXOLV KDGLV NDUHQD PHQJXWDPDNDQ SDGD NRQVHQWUDVL
$O 4XU·DQ +DQ\D VDMD VHEDJLDQ VDKDEDW DWDV QDPD SULEDGL

14
<DQJ GLPDNVXG QDVDNK GLVLQL \DLWX QDVDNK DQWDUD VXQQDK GHQJDQ
VXQQDK. +OP LQL PHQXQMXNNDQ EDKZD KDGLV $EL 6DLG ´-DQJDQ WXOLV VHJDOD VHVXDWX
GDULNX EDUDQJ VLDSD PHQXOLVQ\D PDND KDSXVODKµ LQL PDQV€NK
15
0XKDPPDG ¶$MMDM DO .KDWLE $O 6XQQDK 4DEOD DW 7DGZLQ .DLUR
0DNWDEDK :DKEDK KOP

$'',1 9RO 1R $JXVWXV

 6LVWHPDWLND .RGLÀNDVL +DGLV 1DEL GDUL 7LQMDXDQ 6HMDUDK

GDQ VHFDUD GLDP GLDP PHFDWDW KDGLV KDGLV WHUVHEXW EDKNDQ

PHQJKDIDOQ\D 0DND EHUPXQFXOODK WHNV WHNV VDKDLI 16 QDPD QDPD
GDUL SHQJXPSXOQ\D 'LDQWDUD VDKDEDW \DQJ PHQFDWDW QDVNDK DWDX
WHNV KDGLV DGDODK $EGXOODK ELQ $PU ELQ $O $V \DQJ 6DKLIDKQ\D
GLQDPDNDQ ´DO VDGLTDKµ GLQDPDNDQ WHUVHEXW NDUHQD $EGXOODK ELQ
$PU ELQ DO $V PHQGDSDWNDQ KDGLV \DQJ LD FDWDW ODQJVXQJ GDUL
1DEL VDZ VHWHODK GLEHUL OLFHQVL SHQXOLVDQ 6DKLIDK LQLODK VDODK VDWX
6DKLIDK \DQJ GLWXOLV SDGD PDVD 1DEL 0DND VDKLIDK DO 6DGLTDK LQLODK
VDODK VDWX FDWDWDQ KDGLV \DQJ WHODK DGD SDGD ]DPDQ UDVXOXOODK
3DVFD SHQXOLVDQ $O 4XU·DQ VHOHVDL GDQ WHODK GLVHEDUNDQ
NHGDHUDK GDHUDK SHUOXDVDQ ,VODP VHEDJLDQ SDUD VDKDEDW PXODL
PHQJNRQVHQWUDVLNDQ GLUL SDGD DO 6XQQDK GHQJDQ PHQJKDIDOQ\D
PHPSHODMDUL LVL NDQGXQJDQQ\D GDQ WLGDN VHGLNLW \DQJ PHPXODL
PHQXOLVQ\D +DO LWX VHWHODK GLSDQGDQJ EDKZD SHODUDQJDQ WHUVHEXW
WHODK VHOHVDL PDVD EHUODNXQ\D %DKNDQ $EGXOODK ELQ 0DV·XG
EHUNDWD ´3DGD PDVD 5DVXOXOODK NLWD WLGDN PHQXOLV KDGLV DSDSXQ
NHFXDOL PHQ\DQJNXW DO LVWLNKDUDK GDQ WDV\DKKXGµ ,QL PHQJLQGLNDVLNDQ
EDKZD SHQXOLVDQ VHODLQ $O 4XU·DQ SDGD PDVD VDKDEDW WHODK DGD
ZDODX MXPODKQ\D VDQJDW PLQLP GLVDPSLQJ PHQMHODVNDQ EDKZD
,EQ 0DVXG WLGDNODK WHUPDVXN RUDQJ \DQJ PHODUDQJ SHQXOLVDQ
DO KDGLV
$EX +XUDLUDK VXDWX NHWLND MXJD PHPSHUEROHKNDQ %DV\LU
ELQ 1XKDLN XQWXN PHQXOLV KDGLVQ\D 6HEDJDLPDQD GLULZD\DWNDQ
%DV\LU LD EHUNDWD ´DNX PHQ\RGRUNDQ WXOLVDQ \DQJ WHODK DNX WXOLV GDQ
DNX EDFDNDQ SDGDQ\D ODOX DNX EHUWDQ\D LQLNDK \DQJ DNX GHQJDU GDUL
PX" $EX +XUDLUDK PHQMDZDE \Dµ 17
%DKNDQ EDQ\DN GDUL SDUD VDKDEDW \DQJ UXPDKQ\D WHUGDSDW

Kata VDKDLI DGDODK EHQWXN MDPD· GDUL VDKLIDK \DQJ EHUPDNQD GDVDU
¶OHPEDUDQ· DWDX ¶EXNX NHFLO· 7HWDSL GDODP SHUMDODQQDQQ\D PHQJDODPL
SHUOXDVDQ PDNQD 6HGDQJ \DQJ GLPDNVXG GLVLQL DGDODK VXDWX EXNX NHFLO
EHULVLNDQ VXQQDK 1DEL GHQJDQ MXPODK \DQJ VDQJDW WHUEDWDV 1DPXQ PHQXUXW
SDUD DKOL KDGLV PH\DNLQL EDKZD NXPSXODQ KDGLV WHUVHEXW EHUPXDWNDQ
DQWDUD VHUDWXV KLQJJD VHULEX OHELK KDGLV /LKDW OHELK OHQJNDS -DPLOD 6DXNDW
´3HQJNODVLÀNDVLDQ /LWHUDWXU +DGLVµ WHUM <DQWR 0XVWRID GDODP -XUQDO DO
+LNPDK 1R KOP
17
0XKDPPDG $MMDM DO .KDWLE 8VKXO DO +DGLWV KOP

$'',1 9RO 1R $JXVWXV 2013

0DVWXUL ,UKDP

FDWDWDQ FDWDWDQ KDGLV 6DKLIDK GDQ VHEDJLDQ GDUL 6DKLIDK WHUVHEXW

WHUNHQDO LGHQWLN GHQJDQ QDPDQ\D 'LDQWDUD SDUD VDKDEDW \DQJ
PHPSXQ\DL 6DKLIDK DGDODK 6D·G ELQ 8EDGDK DO $QVRUL 6DPUDK
ELQ -XQGDE -DELU ELQ $EGXOODK DO $QVDUL $QDV ELQ 0DOLN GDQ
ODLQQ\D 2OHK SDUD XODPD IDVH SHQXOLVDQ KDGLV SDGD PDVD 1DEL
GLNHQDO GHQJDQ QDPD ´SHQXOLVDQ LQGLYLGXDOµ \DQJ SHQXOLVDQ LQL
GLODNXNDQ SHUVHRUDQJDQ GDQ PHWRGHQ\D EHOXP EHUDWXUDQ
4. Penulisan Hadis pada Masa Tabi’in
-LND SDUD VDKDEDW 1DEL VXGDK EDQ\DN \DQJ PHQJNROHNVL
KDGLV KDGLV 1DEL PDND SDUD 7DEL·LQ \DQJ QRWD EHQHQ\D SDUD
PXULG VDKDEDW MXJD EDQ\DN PHQJNROHNVL KDGLV KDGLV 1DEL
EDKNDQ SHQJNROHNVLDQ LQL PXODL GLVXVXQ PHQMDGL VXDWX NLWDE
\DQJ EHUDWXUDQ 0HWRGH \DQJ GLODNXNDQ SDUD 7DEL·LQ GDODP
PHQJNROHNVL GDQ PHQFDFDW KDGLV DGDODK PHODOXL SHUWHPXDQ
SHUWHPXDQ DO WDODTTL GHQJDQ SDUD VDKDEDW VHODQMXWQ\D PHUHND
PHQFDWDW DSD \DQJ GLGDSDW GDUL SHUWHPXDQ WHUVHEXW 6HSHUWL
\DQJ GLODNXNDQ 6DLG ELQ DO -DELU \DQJ PHQFDWDW KDGLV KDGLV GDUL
WDODTTLQ\D EHUVDPD ,EQ $EEDV $EGXUUDKPDQ ELQ +DUPDODK KDVLO
GDUL WDODTTLQ\D 6DLG ELQ DO 0XVD\\DE +DPPDP ELQ DO 0XQDEELK
KDVLO WDODTTL GHQJDQ $EX +XUDLUDK GDQ ODLQ ODLQ
'HPLNLDQ MXJD XSD\D \DQJ GLODNXNDQ ROHK ´DO NKXODID DU
UDV\LGXQ \DQJ NHOLPDµ 8PDU ELQ $EGXO $]L] EHOLDX MXJD JHPDU
PHQFDWDW KDGLV VHSHUWL \DQJ GLULZD\DWNDQ ROHK $EX 4LODEDK
LD EHUNDWD ´NLWD EHUDQJNDW EHUVDPD 8PDU ELQ $EGXO $]L] XQWXN
PHQXQDLNDQ V}RODW G}XKXU GDQ EHOLDX PHPEDZD NHUWDV GHPLNLDQ MXJD
SDGD ZDNWX DVDU GLWDQJDQQ\D MXJD WHUGDSDW NHUWDV ODOX DNX EHUWDQ\D
WXOLVDQ DSD LWX" %HOLDX PHQMDZDE KDGLV GDUL $XQ ELQ $EGXOODK VD\D
WHUSHVRQD ROHKQ\D PDND DNX WXOLVµ 0DND SDGD PDVD 8PDU ELQ
$EGXO $]L] DNKLU DEDG SHUWDPD KLMUL\DK DEDG NHGXD KLMUL\DK
LQL ROHK VHEDJLDQ SDUD XODPD GLVHEXW VHEDJDL SHULRGH DWDX IDVH
GLPDQD SDUD SHQXOLV KDGLV VXGDK PXODL EDQ\DN GDQ PHQ\HEDU
VHUWD DNWLÀWDV SHUJHUDNDQ NHLOPXDQ VXGDK PXODL PHQMDPXU +DO

0XKDPPDG 0XEDUDN $VVD\\LG 0DQDKLM DO 0XKDGGLVLQ DO 4LVPX DO

6DQL .DLUR 3HUFHWDNDQ )DNXOWDV 8VXOXGGLQ 8QLYHUVLWDV DO $]KDU KOP

$'',1 9RO 1R $JXVWXV

 6LVWHPDWLND .RGLÀNDVL +DGLV 1DEL GDUL 7LQMDXDQ 6HMDUDK

LQL GLWDQGDL GHQJDQ EDQ\DNQ\D FDWDWDQ FDWDWDQ KDGLV VDKDLI KDVLO

NDU\D SDUD WDEL·LQ
'LD DQWDUD VDKDLI \DQJ SHUWDPD GDQ PRQXPHQWDO GLWXOLV
SDGD PDVD LQL DGDODK 6DKLIDK ´$V 6DKLKDKµ GLWXOLV +DPPDP ELQ
DO 0XQDEELK 6DKLIDK LQL PHUXSDNDQ ZDULVDQ SHQLQJJDODQ FDWDWDQ
FDWDWDQ KDGLV SHUWDPD GLFDWDW SDGD SHUWHQJDKDQ DEDG SHUWDPD
KLMUL\\DK GLULZD\DWNDQ GDUL JXUXQ\D \DLWX $EX +XUDLUDK 6DKLIDK
LQL PHQGXGXNL SRVLVL \DQJ WHUPXOLD NDUHQD PHUXSDNDQ NXPSXODQ
KDGLV \DQJ VXGDK WHUWLE SHQJXPSXODQQ\D 2OHK VHEDE LWX EDQ\DN
SDUD XODPD VHWHODKQ\D PHUDQJNXP 6DKLIDKQ\D WHUVHEXW GDODP
NDUDQJDQ NDUDQJDQQ\D VHSHUWL ,PDP LEQ KDPEDO PHPXDW VHOXUXK
6DKLIDK WHUVHEXW GDODP NLWDE PXVQDGQ\D GDODP MX] NHGXD %HJLWX
MXJD 6DKLIDK LQL GLPXDW GDODP PXVQDGQ\D DO ,PDP $EGXUUD]]DT
$O 6XQ·DQL GDQ MXJD EDQ\DN GLQXNLO ROHK ,PDP DO %XNKDUL GDODP
EDE \DQJ EHUEHGD 6DKLIDK LQL GLQDPDNDQ ´DO 6DKLKDKµ NDUHQD VL
HPSXQ\D PHQJDPELO ODQJVXQJ GDUL VDKDEDW $EX +XUDLUDK \DQJ
EHUNHFLPSXQJ ODQJVXQJ GDODP GXQLD KDGLV GDQ VHODOX EHUVDPD
UDVXOXOODK VHODPD WDKXQ 6DKLIDK LQL PHQFDNXS KDGLV
VHPXDQ\D GLULZD\DWNDQ GDUL $EL +XUDLUDK20.
5. Perekaman Hadis pada Masa az-Zuhri (w. 124 H)
7HODK GLMHODVNDQ SDGD EDJLDQ DWDV EDKZD SDUD VDKDEDW SDGD
DZDO SHUWDPD ,VODP WHODK GLSHUEROHKNDQ XQWXN PHUHNDP KDGLV
LQL GLEXNWLNDQ GHQJDQ EDQ\DNQ\D SDUD SHQXOLV EXNDQ VDMD SDGD
NRPXQLWDV 0DNNDK DNDQ WHWDSL MXJD SDGD NRPXQLWDV 0DGLQDK
$NDQ WHWDSL PHQXUXW SDQGDQJDQ SDUD XODPD EDKZD KDGLV OHELK
GDUL VHUDWXV WDKXQ GLDPELO GDUL JHQHUDVL VDWX NHJHQHUDVL ODLQQ\D
PHODOXL FDUD SHQ\DPSDLDQ GDUL PXOXW NHPXOXW DQ VLFK WDQSD DGDQ\D
SHQXOLVDQ 6HEDJDLPDQD \DQJ GLXQJNDS ROHK ,EQ $EGXO %DU DO

0XKDPPDG $MMDM DO .KDWLE 8VKXO DO +DGLWV KOP

20
0XKDPPDG 0XEDUDN $V 6D\\LG 0DQDKLM DO 0XKDGGLVLQ KOP
OLKDW MXJD ´$V 6XQQDK TDEOD $W 7DGZL>Qµ KOP EDQ\DN XODPD SHQGDSDW
EDKZD VHWLGDNQ\D GXD V}DK}iI> DK V}ah}iI> DK +DPPDP ELQ DO 0XQDEELK GDQ S}ah}iI> DK
$EGXOODK ELQ $PU PHUXSDNDQ VWLPXODQW PXQFXOQ\D NLWDE NLWDE KDGLV \DQJ
ODLQ EDLN EHUXSD S}ah}kLI 0XV}DQQDIkW GDQ 0DVkQL>d> .

$'',1 9RO 1R $JXVWXV 2013

0DVWXUL ,UKDP

4XUW}XEL ´VHVXQJJXKQ\D RUDQJ SHUWDPD \DQJ PHQXOLV LOPX KDGLV DGDODK

,EQX 6\LKDE D] =XKULµ .
6HEDJDLPDQD MXJD GLNDWDNDQ ROHK $EX $W 7}DOLE DO 0DNN\
´SDGD PDVD SHUWDPD WDELLQ SHQXOLVDQ KDGLV PDVLK GLEHQFL PHUHND
PHQJDWDNDQ EDKZD KDIDONDQODK VHSHUWL NLWD PHQJKDIDOQ\D GDQ SHQXOLVDQ
LWX GLSHUEROHKNDQ SDGD JHQHUDVL VHWHODKQ\D WHSDWQ\D VHWHODK ZDIDWQ\D DO
+DVDQ Z GDQ ,EQX DV 6D\E Z
,EQX +DMDU EHUNDWD EDKZD ´SDUD XODPD EHUNDWD EDKZD
JRORQJDQ SDUD VDKDEDW GDQ WDELLQ PHPEHQFL SHQXOLVDQ KDGLV GDQ PHUHND
PHPSHUEROHKNDQ PHQJDPELO KDGLV GHQJDQ FDUD SHQJKDIDODQ DNDQ WHWDSL
NDUHQD GLWDNXWNDQ KLODQJQ\D LOPX KDGLV PDND GLWXOLVODK KDGLV KDGLV
GDQ RUDQJ SHUWDPD \DQJ PHQXOLV KDGLV DGDODK ,EQX 6\LKDE D] =XKUL DWDV
SHULQWDK 8PDU ELQ $EGXO $]L]µ
'DUL SHUQ\DWDDQ SHUQ\DWDDQ SDUD XODPD GDSDW GLSDKDPL
EDKZD SHQXOLVDQ KDGLV VHFDUD EHVDU EHVDUDQ EHUPXOD SDGD
NHNKDOLIDKDQ 8PDU ELQ $EGXO $]L] 'DODP DUWLDQ EDKZD VHEHOXP
PDVD LQL KDGLV OHELK EDQ\DN GLKDIDO GDULSDGD GLWXOLV GDODP
FDWDWDQ FDWDWDQ VHGHUKDQD 0XODL SDGD PDVD 8PDU ELQ $EGXO
$]L] LQLODK VHRUDQJ XODPD· EHUQDPD D] =XKUL GLSHULQWDK XQWXN
PHQXOLV KDGLV VHFDUD OHQJNDS GDQ GLEXNXNDQ VHFDUD PHWRGRORJLV
6HGDQJNDQ XSD\D SDUD SHQGDKXOXQ\D GHQJDQ GLWXOLVQ\D KDGLV
dalam VDKLIDK KDQ\D PHUXSDNDQ XVDKD LQGLYLGXDO VHGHUKDQD \DQJ
PHQFDNXS KDGLV KDGLV \DQJ GLGDSDW GDUL UDVXO DWDX VDKDEDW DQ VLFK
\DQJ EHOXP WHUNRGLÀNDVL VHFDUD EHUDWXUDQ.
6. Metode Penulisan Hadis Pasca az-Zuhri
a. 3HULRGH .RGLÀNDVL +DGLV 0RGHO ´Mus}annafa>t”
3DGD SHULRGH VHEHOXPQ\D SDUD VDKDEDW GDQ WDEL·LQ KDQ\D
PHQJXPSXONDQ KDGLV WDQSD GL WHUWLENDQ VHVXDL GHQJDQ WHPD
WHPD \DQJ VDPD 0DND SDUD SHULRGH LQL SDUD SHQJXPSXO
KDGLV FHQGHUXQJ PHQHUWLENDQ KDVLO NXPSXODQQ\D VHVXL
21
,EQX $EGXO %DU DO 4XUW}XEL -kPL· %D\kQ DO ,OPL ZD )D]}OLKL MLOLG
.DLUR DO $PLUL\\DK KOP
22
,EQ +DMDU DO ·$VTDODQL )DW}XO %kUL 6\DUK 6}DKLK DO %XNKkUL> .DLUR
DO 0DNWDEDK DO $KUkP MLOLG KOP

$'',1 9RO 1R $JXVWXV

 6LVWHPDWLND .RGLÀNDVL +DGLV 1DEL GDUL 7LQMDXDQ 6HMDUDK

GHQJDQ EDE EDE \DQJ VDPD 0DND NHFHQGHUXQJDQ SHQXOLVDQ

LQL LGHQWLN GHQJDQ OD\DNQ\D SHQXOLVDQ NLWDE ÀTLK 7XMXDQ
GDUL SHQJXPSXODQ LQL DGDODK PHPEDQWX SDUD XODPD \DQJ
EHUNHFLPSXQJ GDODP XUXVDQ ÀTLK 3HULRGH LQL GLPXODL SDGD
DNKLU PDVD NHKLGXSDQ ,PDP $] =XKUL UD Z
0RGHO SHUDQJNXPDQ KDGLV SDGD SHULRGH LQL GLVHEXW
> i·> GDQ PXZDW}Wa} aW> 3HUDQJNXP SHUWDPD SDGD
PXV}DQQDIDW> PDMDm
SHULRGH LQL DGDODK $EGXO 0DOLN ELQ $EGXO $]L] ELQ -XUDLM
GDODP NLWDEQ\D \DQJ EHUQDPD ´.XWXE DO 6XQDQµ 6HGDQJNDQ
XODPD ODLQ \DQJ PHUDQJNXP PRGHO GLDWDV DGDODK DO ,PDP =DLG
ELQ $OL =DLQXO $ELGLQ Z + GHQJDQ MXGXO NLWDEQ\D ´.LWDE>
DO 0DMPX·> ´DO 0XZDW}W}a>·µ NDUDQJDQ ,PDP PDOLN ELQ $QDV
Z + 23, ´DO 0XV}DQQDI µ NDUDQJDQ DO ,PDP $EGXUUD]]DT
$O 6XQ·DQL Z + 24 %DQ\DN ODJL NDUDQJDQ NDUDQJ WLSH
SHUDQJNXPDQ KDGLV GDODP SHULRGH LQL \DQJ ODLQ \DQJ WLGDN
PXQJNLQ GLVHEXW VDWX SHUVDWX
b. Periode Perangkuman Model “Al-Masa>ni>d”
3DGD DNKLU DEDG NHGXD KLMULDK GDQ DZDO DEDG NHWLJD
KLMUL\\DK PXQFXO VHNHORPSRN XODPD· \DQJ LQJLQ PHUXEDK
SHQXOLVDQ GDUL PRGHO ODPD ´DO 0XV}DQQDIDW> µ NH PRGHO EDUX
GHQJDQ PHWRGH SHUDQJNXPDQ KDGLV \DQJ KDQ\D PHPXDW KDGLV
KDGLV VDMD 0HUHND PHQJXPSXONDQ KDGLV GDQ PHQHUWLENDQ
VHVXDL GHQJDQ XUXWDQ VDKDEDW 3HUDQJNXP PHQJXPSXONDQ
KDGLV KDGLV GDUL ULZD\DW WHUWHQWX GDODP EDE WHUWHQWX 0LVDONDQ
KDGLV KDGLVQ\D $EX %DNDU GHQJDQ QDPD ´0XVQDGX $EL>
%DNUµ KDGLV KDGLV 8PDU GHQJDQ QDPD ´0XVQDGX ¶8PDUµ GDQ
ODLQQ\D
'DODP PHQHUWLENDQ KDGLV KDGLVQ\D SDUD SHUDQJNXP
PHOHWDNNDQ PHWRGH PHWRGH EHUPDFDP PDFDP EHQWXNQ\D

23
.LWDE \DQJ GLNDUDQJ ,PDP 0DOLN LQL PHUXSDNDQ NLWDE SHUWDPD SDGD
DZDO DEDG NHGXD KLMUDK \DQJ GLUDQJNXP GHQJDQ PHWRGH WHPDWLV OD\DNQ\D
NLWDE ÀTLK 0DNDQ\D EHOLDX VHODLQ GLNHQDO VHEDJDL ´0XKDGGLVµ\ MXJD GLNHQDO
VHEDJDL ´)DTLKµ
24
0XKDPPDG 0XEDUDN DV 6D\\LG 2S &LW 'DODP SHQGDKXOXDQ
NLWDE KOP VHQDGD MXJD GL WHUDQJNDQ GDODP NLWDE´)DW} DO %DUL>µ.

$'',1 9RO 1R $JXVWXV 2013

0DVWXUL ,UKDP

3HUWDPD DGD \DQJ PXODL GDUL SDUD VDKDEDW \DQJ OHELK SHUWDPD
PDVXN ,VODP VHSXOXK RUDQJ \DQJ GLMDQMLNDQ PDVXN VXUJD
PDVXN ,VODP GDQ LNXW KLMUDK VDPSDL SDGD SDUD VDKDEDW \DQJ
XPXUQ\D PDVLK NHFLO GDQ SDUD ZDQLWD 0HWRGL LQLODK \DQJ
GLJXQDNDQ ROHK ,PDP $KPDG ELQ +DPEDO SHPLOLN PD]\
KDE +DPEDOL + ,PDP $EX 'DZXG $W 7}D\DOLVL
+ ,PDP $EX %DNDU $EGXOODK ELQ $] =XEDLU
$O +XPDLGL GDQ ODLQQ\D .HGXD DGD \DQJ PHQHUWLENDQ
XUXWDQ SDUD VDKDEDW VHVXDL GHQJDQ XUXWDQ KXUXI KLMDL\\DK
7DSL PRGHO VHSHUWL KDQ\D VHGLNLW SDUD SHUDQJNXP \DQJ
PHODNXNDQQ\D 'LDQWDUDQ\D ,PDP %DTL ELQ 0XNKDOODG $O
4XUW}XEL .HWLJD VHEDJLDQ PHQJJXQDNDQ PRGHO SHUDQJNXPDQ
KDGLV EHUGDVDUNDQ DVDO GDHUDKQ\D NHVXNXDDQQ\D 6HSHUWL
PXVQDGQ\D RUDQJ RUDQJ PDGLQDK GDQ RUDQJ RUDQJ %DV}URK 25
c. Periode Perangkuman Model “Al-S}ah}ha } h
> ”}
3DUD HPSX PRGHO SHULRGH LQL DGDODK SDUD XODPD \DQJ
PHQJXPSXONDQ KDGLV KDGLV 6}RKLK SLOLKDQ 0RGHO VHSHUWL LQL
GLODNXNDQ VHWHODK SHULRGH SHUDQJNXPDQ PRGHO ´DO PDVDn> iG> µ
0HWRGH \DQJ GLJXQDNDQ GDODP PRGHO SHUDQJNXPDQ LQL DGDODK
GHQJDQ FDUD PHQHUWLENDQQ\D VHSHUWL OD\DNQ\D NLWDE NLEDE ÀTLK
VHUWD PHPLODK GDQ PHPLOLK KDGLV GLGDODPQ\D 6HEDJLDQ XODPD
DGD \DQJ KDQ\D WHUEDWDV SDGD KDGLV \DQJ V`DKLK VDMD VHSHUWL
\DQJ GLODNXNDQ ,PDP $O %XNKDUL GDQ ,PDP $O 0XVOLP $GD
MXJD VHODLQ KDGLV 6`DKLK MXJD GLDPELO KDGLV KDGLV \DQJ ]}aiI>
VHSHUWL \DQJ GLODNXNDQ ROHK ,PDP $EX 'DZXG ,PDP $W
7XUPX]\L ,PDP $Q 1DVD·L GDQ ,PDP ,EQX 0DMDK
2UDQJ SHUWDPD \DQJ PHPXODL PHUDQJNXP GHQJDQ PRGHO
LQL DGDODK ,PDP DO %XNKDUL + %HOLDX PHUDQJNXP
NLWDE NLWDE DO 0DVD>nid> GDQ DO PXV}DQQDIDW> GDQ DQJ ODLQQ\D WDSL
GLDPELO \DQJ V}RKLK VDMD .LWDE UDQJNXPDQQ\D LQL GLQDPDNDQ
GHQJDQ ´DO MDP > L· DO 6}ahiK> DO PXVQDG DO PXNKWDV}ar min hadiV> i\
5DVXO> LOODKL VDZ ZD 6XQDQLKL ZD $\\DP > LKLµ 6HODQMXWQ\D PRGHO LQL
GLDQXW ROHK PXULGQ\D \DLWX ,PDP PXVOLP + \DQJ

25
,ELG KOP

$'',1 9RO 1R $JXVWXV

 6LVWHPDWLND .RGLÀNDVL +DGLV 1DEL GDUL 7LQMDXDQ 6HMDUDK

PHQDPDL NLWDEQ\D GHQJDQ QDPD ´DO -DP > L·X DO 6}ah}ih> } DO 0XVQDG
PLQ KDGLVL 5DVXOLOOD>KL VDZ .DUHQD NHV}ah}ih}anQ\D NHGXD NLWDE LQL
PHQGXGXNL XUXWDQ NHGXD GDQ NHWLJD VHWHODK $O 4XU·DQ GDODP
SRVLVLQ\D VHEDJDL UXMXNDQ KXNXP KXNXP ,VODP
6HGDQJNDQ HPSDW NLWDE \DQJ ODLQ VHODLQ NHGXDQ\D DGDODK
NLWDE NLWDE \DQJ GLUDQJNXP ROHK ,PDP $EX 'DZXG
+ $EX ,VD $W 7LUPL]\L + ,PDP $Q 1DVD·L
+ ,PDP ,EQX 0DMDK + .HHQDP NLWDE
WHUVHEXW GDODP GXQLD ,VODP GLVHEXW GHQJDQ ´DO NXWXE DO 6LWWDKµ
NDUHQD PHQGXGXNL WLQJNDW NHVRKLKDQ \DQJ SDOLQJ WLQJJL
GLDQWDUD NLWDE NLWDE KDGLV ODLQQ\D 6HGDQJ XUXWDQ DO .XWXE DO
6LWWDK WHUVHEXW DGDODK NLWDE V}DKLK %XNKDUL 0XVOLP $Q 1DVD·L
$EX 'DZXG $W 7LUPL]L GDQ ,EQ 0DMDK

C. Simpulan
6LPSXODQ \DQJ GDSDW GLDPELO GDUL SHPEDKDVDQ GLDWDV DGDODK
VHEDJDL EHULNXW 3HUWDPD VHEDE VHEDE GLODUDQJQ\D SHQXOLVDQ
KDGLV EXNDQODK NDUHQD GLVHEDENDQ NHWLGDNWDKXDQ RUDQJ ,VODP
GDODP DNWLYLWDV WXOLV PHQXOLV SDGD ZDNWX LWX EDKNDQ PHUHND WHODK
PHQJHQDO WXOLV PHQXOLV VHMDN GDUL DZDO PDVXNQ\D ,VODP EDKNDQ
VHEHOXP ,VODP
.HGXD IDNWRU \DQJ GRPLQDQ GLODUDQJQ\D SHQXOLVDQ KDGLV
DGDODK GLWDNXWNDQ EHUFDPSXUQ\D DQWDUD $O 4XU·DQ GDQ DV
6XQQDK 'L VDPSLQJ LWX SXOD DJDU SUR\HN SHQXOLVDQ $O 4XU·DQ
WLGDN WHUJDQJJX ROHK SHQXOLVDQ DO KDGLV
.HWLJD WLGDN DGDQ\D NRQWUDGLNVL DQWDUD KDGLV KDGLV WHQWDQJ
SHODUDQJDQ GDQ SHUEROHKDQ SHQXOLVDQ KDGLV VHEDE KDGLV KDGLV
WHQWDQJ SHODUDQJDQ PXQFXO WHUOHELK GDKXOX GDQ VHNLUDQQ\D VHEDE
VHEDE SHODUDQJDQ VLUQD PXQFXOODK KDGLV WHQWDQJ SHUEROHKDQ
SHQXOLVDQ
.HHPSDW DNWLYLWDV SHQXOLVDQ KDGLV SDGD ]DPDQ 5DVXOXOODK
WHODK DGD GHQJDQ GLEXNWLNDQ DGDQ\D FDWDWDQ FDWDWDQ KDGLV SDGD
VHEDJLDQ VDKDEDW \DQJ GLNHQDO GHQJDQ ¶DV} 6}ahiI> DK· DNDQ WHWDSL

,ELG KOP

$'',1 9RO 1R $JXVWXV 2013

0DVWXUL ,UKDP

DNWLÀWDV LQL KDQ\D EHUVLIDW LQGLYLGXDO GDQ GDODP VNDOD NHFLO

VHGDQJNDQ DNWLÀWDV SHQXOLVDQ GDQ SHQJXPSXODQ KDGLV GDODP
VNDOD EHVDU GLPXODL GDUL PDVD NKDOLIDK 8PDU ELQ $EGXO $]L]
GHQJDQ GLXWXVQ\D ,EQ 6`LKDE D] =XKUL PHPXODL DNWLYLWDV LQL
.HOLPD SDGD DZDO GHNDGH NHGXD KLMUL\\DK SDVFD ZDIDWQ\D
LPDP $] =XKUL DNWLÀWDV XODPD· GDODP SHQJXPSXODQ KDGLV
PXODL PHQ\HEDU GDQ PHQJKDVLONDQ EHEHUDSD PDFDP NDWHJRUL
PHWRGRORJL SHQXOLVDQ PXODL SHQXOLVDQ FRUDN DO PXV}DQQDIDW> DO
PDVDn> iG> GDQ DO 6}ah}ha} h> .

$'',1 9RO 1R $JXVWXV

 6LVWHPDWLND .RGLÀNDVL +DGLV 1DEL GDUL 7LQMDXDQ 6HMDUDK

DAFTAR PUSTAKA

$EX 8PDU <XVXI ELQ $EG DO %DU -DP > L·X DO %D\DQ
> DO LOPL ZD
)DG}OLKL &DLUR 0DNWDEDK ,GDU> RK DO 0DW}ED·DK DO 0XQLU> L\\DK

,EQ +DMDU DO $VTDODQL )DWK} DO %DU> L À 6\DUK}L V}ah}iK> DO %XNKDr> i> &DLUR
DO 0DNWDEDK DO $KUDP >
0XKDPPDG 0XV}WRID $]DPL +DGLV 1DEDZL GDQ 6HMDUDK
.RGLÀNDVLQ\D WHUM -DNDUWD 3XVWDND )LUGDXV
,PDP +DNLP 0XVWDGUDN &DLUR 'DUXO +DGLV
,PDP DQ 1DZDZL S}ahiK> 0XVOLP EL 6\DUKL DQ 1DZDZ > L> &DLUR 'DUXO
0D·ULIDK
0XKDPPDG ¶$MMDM DO .KDWLE $V 6XQQDK 4DEOD DW 7DGZLn> &DLUR
0DNWDEDK :DKEDK
,VPDLO $EGXO :DKLG 0D·OXI 'LUDV> DW> À> 0DQDK> LM DO 0XK}DGGLVi\ n> ,
&DLUR 'DU DO ,·WLV}aP >
$EGXO 0DXMXG .DV\I DO /LV}aP > &DLUR 3HUFHWDNDQ )DNXOWDV
8VXOXGGLQ 8QLYHUVLWDV $O $]KDU
0XKDPPDG 0XEDUDN $O 6D\\LG 0DQDK> LM DO 0XK}DGGLV}iQ> DO TLVPX
DO V}an> i> &DLUR 3HUFHWDNDQ )DNXOWDV 8VXOXGGLQ 8QLYHUVLWDV
$O $]KDU
$O 6DODÀ> 0XKDPPDG /XTPDQ > $O 6XQQDK +XMML\DWXKD> ZD
0DNDQ> DWXKD> À> DO ,VODP > ZD DO 5DGGX ¶DOD> 0XQNLULh> a> 0DGLQDK
0DNWDEDK DO ,PDQ
DO 4XUW}XEL ,EQX $EGXO %DU -DP > L· %D\DQ
> DO ,OPL ZD )D]}OLKL &DLUR
0DNWDEDK DO $PLUL\\DK

$'',1 9RO 1R $JXVWXV 2013

0DVWXUL ,UKDP

+DODPDQ LQL WLGDN VHQJDMD XQWXN GLNRVRQJNDQ

$'',1 9RO 1R $JXVWXV