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INTRODUCCIÓN
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Introducción Habilidades
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4 ©OCDE ©OCDE 5
01. MEDICIÓN DE LAS HABILIDADES SOCIALES Y EMOCIONALES 01. MEDICIÓN DE LAS HABILIDADES SOCIALES Y EMOCIONALES
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6 ©OCDE ©OCDE 7
01. MEDICIÓN DE LAS HABILIDADES SOCIALES Y EMOCIONALES 01. MEDICIÓN DE LAS HABILIDADES SOCIALES Y EMOCIONALES
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2+-/8 =9,</ =?= @3.+= 6 /B+738+< 69= /0/->9= ./ 6+= 3D;?3/<.+897?/=><+@3<>?+67/8>/8381?8+</6+-3J8/8></6+
0.15
2+,363.+./= =9-3+6/= C /79-398+6/= =9,</ 6+= 0?>?<+= =+>3=0+--3J8-986+@3.+C6+2+,363.+.-9183>3@+:/<9HQ6+
0.1 -98.3-398/=./@3.+./69=4J@/8/=/8/.?-+-3J87/.3+C 6H8/+ +=-/8./8>/ GH 6+ ./</-2+ VH 7?/=><+ ?8+ </6+-3J8
=/-?8.+<3+</06/4J/81<+87/.3.+69=2+66+D19=9,>/83.9= </6+>3@+7/8>/ :9=3>3@+ -98 6+= 2+,363.+./= =9-3+6/= C
0.05
+ :+<>3< ./ 7?/=><+= ./ +.?6>9= 69 ;?/ =?13/</ ?8+ /79-398+6/=
</6+-3J87?-297F=IXHUWHHQWUHODVKDELOLGDGHVVRFLDOHV\
0
+.9 ;?/ 6+= 2+,363.+./= =9-3+6/= C /79-398+6/= 2+8 69= </=?6>+.9= /8 6+ =+6?. 0H=3-+ #9< /4/7:69 =/ 2+
30 % 30 %
/=>+,6/-3.9@H8-?69=-986+=+6?.7/8>+6C6+=-98.?->+= /8-98><+.9 ;?/ 6R= &LQFR *UDQGHV )DFWRUHV =/
VDOXGDEOHV 6+= -?+6/= + =? @/D +0/->+8 6+ =+6?. 0H=3-+ -9<</6+-398+8 /8 09<7+ :9=3>3@+ -98 6+ 6981/@3.+. C ./
20 % 20 %
:9./79=/=:/<+<?8+</6+-3J8/8><//=>+=KDELOLGDGHV\ 7+8/<+8/1+>3@+-986+9,/=3.+.
10 % 10 %
Problemas conductuales
0% 0%
)8+ ./ 6+= 09<7+= 7F= 37:9<>+8>/= /8 6+= ;?/ 6+= 36H-3>+=#9</4/7:696+31?<+7?/=><+;?/6+-+:+-3.+.
a/a Al;a a/a Al;a
2+,363.+./= =9-3+6/= C /79-398+6/= ,/8/03-3+8 >+8>9 + 83I9= -9183>3@+ + 69= +I9= ./ /.+. >3/8/ ?8+ </6+-3J8 </6+>3
-979 +.?6>9= /= 6+ ./ </1?6+< :<9,6/7+= -98.?->?+6/= >+6/= @+7/8>/ .G,36 -98 69= :<9,6/7+= -98.?->?+6/= + 6+ /.+. +$%,/,'$'(6&2*1,7,9$6 +$%,/,'$'(662&,$/(6<(02&,21$/(6
14 ©OCDE ©OCDE 15
02. LAS HABILIDADES SOCIALES Y EMOCIONALES IMPULSAN RESULTADOS CRÍTICOS EN LA VIDA
(OLPSDFWRGHODV
+ /=>+,363.+. /79-398+6 :+</-/ =/< 6+ .37/8=3J8 7F= :</-3=+ ./ /=>+= FRU</6+-398/= C+ ;?/ >+7,3G8 =/ 2+
</6/@+8>/ ./ 6R= &LQFR *UDQGHV )DFWRUHV SDUD OD
=+>3=0+--3J8 -98 6+ @3.+ + 31?<+ >+7,3G8 =?13/</
JUDGRV GH FRUUHODFLµQ 89>9<3+7/8>/ =3736+</= :+<+ .9=
/8-98><+.9 ;?//6,3/8/=>+< :<97?/@/ -+7,39= :9=3>3@9=
/8 6+ :/<=98+63.+. /8></ 9><9= 0+->9</= ;?/ :?/./
7/49<+< =37?6>F8/+7/8>/ 6+= 2+,363.+./= =9-3+6/= C
KDELOLGDGHVVRFLDOHV
</=?6>+.9=./6+-+63.+../@3.+=+>3=0+--3J8:9<6+@3.+C
/6><+,+49'38HPEDUJRHVXQGHVDI¯RHVWDEOHFHUODFDXVD
/79-398+6/=./6+=:/<=98+=CVXFDOLGDGGHYLGD
\HPRFLRQDOHV
Figura 9 orrelacione9 6ro1edio delR9&LQFR*UDQGHV)DFWRUHVcon la 9ati9(acción ante la =ida @ el traba/o
0.2
/RV&LQFR*UDQGHV)DFWRUHVGHVFULEHQGHIRUPDVLPSOHODVKDELOLGDGHVVRFLDOHV\HPRFLRQDOHVFODYHV
0.1
+ 3809<7+-3J8 =9,</ 6+= 2+,363.+./= =9-3+6/= C += =31?3/8>/= =/--398/= :<90?8.3D+8 /8 6+= 2+,363.+./=
/79-398+6/= 38.3@3.?+6/= /= @+639=+ /8 6+ 7/.3.+ HQ ;?/ /=:/-H03-+= ./8><9 ./ ORV IDFWRUHV C /8 6+= 2+,363.+./=
0 =/+7F=:</-3=+C./7+C9<?>363.+.:+<+=/I+6+</6-+7389 -97:?/=>+=
SATISFACCIÓN LABORAL SATISFACCIÓN ANTE LA VIDA 2+-3+ 38>/<@/8-398/= /0/->3@+= ,<38.+8.9 + 69= :+.</= C
7+/=><9= 7/49< 3809<7+-3J8 +-/<-+ ./ KDFLD .J8./ .3<313<
-?+6;?3/<38>/<@/8-3J8
1RWD(OJUDGRGHFRUUHODFLyQUHSUHVHQWDORVSURPHGLRVGHFRHILFLHQWHVGHFRUUHODFLyQHQWUHHVWXGLRV)XHQWH-XGJH+HOOHU 0RXQW
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MOTIVACIÓN AL AUTOCONTROL RESPONSABILIDAD PERSISTENCIA
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-/!8!£;39'9;á2&!8'96!8! -16<£939T&-('8-8£! ,'$,!9!3;839 !$;-=-&!&'9T&-(í$-£&'
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+&RQFLHQFLD38-6?C/?8<+819GH2+,363.+./=;?/./>/<738+ LQGLFD TXH QR WRGRV ORV DVSHFWRV GH OD &RQFLHQFLD VRQ
6+ :<HGLVSRVLFLµQ + =/< +?>9-98><96+.9 </=:98=+,6/ 2+-3+ SUHGLFWRUHVLJXDOPHQWH¼WLOHV
ORV GHP£V ><+,+4+.9< :/<=3=>/8>/ 9<./8+.9 YLUWXRVR C
UHVSHWXRVR ./ 6+= QRUPDV + 7+C9< :+<>/ ./ 6+ /D )LJXUD SUHVHQWD ORV JUDGRV GH FRUUHODFLµQ HQWUH
38@/=>31+-3J8:?,63-+.+=/2+/809-+.9 C+ /8 6+ .37/8=3J8 YDULDVKDELOLGDGHVGH&RQFLHQFLD\JUDGRVGHODVHFXQGDULD
+7:63+92++1</1+.93809<7+-3J8./683@/638.3@3.?+6./6+ \ OD XQLYHUVLGDG /D RULHQWDFLµQ DO ORJUR WLHQH OD UHODFLµQ
2+,363.+. + ?8 :?8>+4/ ./ 6+ &RQFLHQFLD /8 1/8/<+6 '38 P£V IXHUWH FRQ ODV FDOLILFDFLRQHV WDQWR DO QLYHO GH
/7,+<19 +61?89= /=>?.39= 7?/=><+8 3809<7+-3J8 /8 VHFXQGDULD FRPR HQ OD XQLYHUVLGDG PLHQWUDV TXH HO RUGHQ
-?+8>9+6+</6+-3J8/8></6+=2+,363.+./=38.3@3.?+6/=C69= WLHQH PHQRV UHOHYDQFLD HVSHFLDOPHQWH SDUD ODV
</=?6>+.9=C6+/@3./8-3+;?/:<9@3/8/GHHVRVHVWXGLRV FDOLILFDFLRQHVXQLYHUVLWDULDV
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03. EL IMPACTO DE HABILIDADES SOCIALES Y EMOCIONALES ESPECIFICAS (1/26 5(68/7$'26 DE VIDA 03. EL IMPACTO DE HABILIDADES SOCIALES Y EMOCIONALES ESPECIFICAS (1/265(68/7$'26'(9,'$
Figura 10&RUUHODFLµQHQWUHODVKDELOLGDGHVGH&RQFLHQFLD\ODVFDOLILFDFLRQHVXQLYHUVLWDULDV\GHVHFXQGDULD += 2+,363.+./= ./ &RQFLHQFLD >+7,3G8 /=>F8 +=9-3+.+= /D UHVSRQVDELOLGDG >3/8/ ?8+ FRU</6+-3J8 8/1+>3@+
-98 6+= -98.?->+= </6+>3@+= + 6+ =+6?. 31?<+
#9< VLJQLILFDWLYD-98/6?=9./.<91+=/6=?3-3.39C6+@396/8-3+
/4/7:69 /6
/=>F +=9-3+.+ -98 ?8+ 7/89< + 9<3/8>+-3J8 +6 691<9 6+ @3<>?. 6+ .3=-3:638+ C /6 9<./8
!£-(-$!$-32'9XQLYHUVLWDULDV !£-(-$!$-32'9&'VHFXQGDULD :<9,+,363.+. ./ ?=9 ./ =?=>+8-3+= -98.?--3J8 YHKLFXODU >+7,3G8 /=>F8 FRU</6+-398+.9= 8/1+>3@+7/8>/ -98 HO
ULHVJRVDC@396/8-3+ FRPSRUWDPLHQWRQRVDOXGDEOH
0.25
0.1
0
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0.05
- 0.1
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(;&(6,92'( '52*$6 126$/8'$%/( 9(+,&8/$5 5,(6*262
$/&2+2/ 5,(6*26$
+ 31?<+ :</=/8>+ 6+= </6+-398/= /8></ 6+ &RQFLHQFLD C ODERUDO TXH /= ?8+ .37/8=3J8 ./ 6+ FLXGDGDQ¯D
=?= 2+,363.+./= -98=>3>?C/8>/= C @+<39= -<3>/<39= ./ RUJDQL]DFLRQDO + </=:98=+,363.+. >+7,3G8 HVWDED 1RWD(OJUDGRGHFRUUHODFLyQUHSUHVHQWDORVSURPHGLRVGHFRHILFLHQWHVGHFRUUHODFLyQHQWUHHVWXGLRV)XHQWH%RJJ 5REHUWV
./=/7:/I9 6+,9<+6 GHVHPSH³R HQ ODV >+</+= ./.3-+-3J8 IXHUWHPHQWH -9<</6+-398DGD 8/1+>3@+7/8>/ -98 -98.?->+=
ODERUDO C FRPSRUWDPLHQWR FRQWUDSURGXFHQWH + 9<3/8>+-3J8 6+,9<+6/= -98><+:<9.?-HQWHV>+6/=-979/6+?=/8>3=79
4XL]£V OD KDELOLGDG VRFLDO \ HPRFLRQDO P£V DPSOLDPHQWH ODLQIDQFLDWDPEL«QVHUHODFLRQDFRQPHQRUHVLQJUHVRVEDMR
+6 691<9 C 6+ </=:98=+,363.+. /=>+,+8 =?=>+8-3+67/8>/ 38=?6>+< + 69= -97:+I/<9= GH WUDEDMR <9,+< 9 SDUWLFLSDU
LQYHVWLJDGD HQ ORV HVWXGLRV GH SULPHUD LQIDQFLD HV HO QLYHO =9-39/-98J73-9 C 7F= .303-?6>+./= 038+8-3/<+=
-9<</6+-398+.9= -98 /6 ./=/7:/I9 HQ ODV >+</+= 38-6?=9 /8/6FRQVXPR./+6-92969.<91+=
DXWRFRQWURO (O UHWUDVR GH OD JUDWLILFDFLµQ D OD HGDG GH </:9<>+.+= /8 6+ @3.+ +.?6>+ :9< 9><+ :+<>/ ?8 7/49<
/=>+,+87F=+6>+7/8>/-9<</6+-398+.+=FRQODGHGLFDFLµQ
D³RVXQLQGLFDGRUGHODXWRFRQWUROVHDVRFLµFRQPD\RUHV
=/ +=9-3µ -98 7/49< =+6?. 0H=3-+ /8 6+ +.?6>/D
Figura 11elación entre la9 ,abilidade9 relati=a9 a la &RQFLHQFLD@elde9e16eñolaboral QLYHOHVGHFRPSHWHQFLDFRJQLWLYD\DXWRUHJXODGRUD\GH 9= 83I9= ;?/ 79=><+<98 7+C9<
>+7,3G8 /<+8
DIURQWDPLHQWRDODHGDGGHD³RVLQFOX\HQGRPD\RUHV 7/89= :<9:/8=9= + GHSHQGHUGHVXVWDQFLDV/86++.?6>/D
SXQWDMHVHQORVH[£PHQHVGHLQJUHVRDODXQLYHUVLGDG/RV 38-6?L.9 /6 >+,+-9 /6 +6-9296 OD PDULKXDQD C .<91+=
2ULHQWDFLµQDOORJUR es6onsa#ilidad 2UGHQ Au;ocon;rol
QL³RV GH GLH] D³RV TXH PRVWUDURQ DOWRV QLYHOHV GH -+66/4/<+=9UHFHWDGDV=>+=+=9-3+-398/=VRQ38./:/8.3/8>/=
0.5 DXWRFRQWURO WDPEL«Q PRVWUDURQ WHQHU XQ PD\RU ORJUR ./ 0+->9</= >+6/= -979 6+ 38>/631/8-3+ C /6 /=>+>?=
0.4
DFDG«PLFRFXDWURD³RVGHVSX«V/DIDOWDGHDXWRFRQWUROHQ =9-39/-98J73-9
0.3
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- 0.2
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Nota: (OJUDGRGHFRUUHODFLyQ representa los promedios de coeficientes de correlación entre estudios. Fuente: Dudley et al. (2006).
18 ©OCDE ©OCDE 19
03. EL IMPACTO DE HABILIDADES SOCIALES Y EMOCIONALES ESPECIFICAS (1/265(68/7$'26'(9,'$ 03. EL IMPACTO DE HABILIDADES SOCIALES Y EMOCIONALES ESPECIFICAS (1/265(68/7$'26'(9,'$
$SHUWXUDDODH[SHULHQFLDH[SORUDUHOPXQGRGHODVFRVDV\ODVLGHDV KHFKR TXH SRGU¯D SHUGHUVH FXDQGR VH H[DPLQD XQD VRQIXQGDPHQWDOHV:+<+/6><+,+49/86+=F</+=./6+<>/C
UHODFLµQ P£V JHQHUDOL]DGD FRQ HO GHVHPSH³R ODERUDO 3RU 6+ FDSDFLGDG GH 3889@+-3J8 C 6+ -</+>3@3.+. =98
HMHPSOR OD FXULRVLGDG LQWHOHFWXDO HV LPSRUWDQWH HQ ODV /=:/-3+67/8>/,/8/03-39=+=/8/8>9<89=HPSUHVDULDOHV
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Figura 13 '£!$-ó2'2;8',!#-£-&!&'98'£!;-=!9!£!!6'8;<8!@£!9$!£-(-$!$-32'9<2-='89-;!8-!9@&'9'$<2&!8-!
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/=/663./<+D19/6:<9-/=97/.3+8>//6-?+6?8LQGLYLGXR 38@/=>31+-3J8 2+ /=>+,6/-3.9 ;?/ /8></ 6R= &LQFR *UDQGHV
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(O LQJHQLR 6+ -?<39=3.+. C 6+ >96/<+8-3+ -?6>?<+6 HVWDEDQ
</6+-398+.+= -98 6+ +.+:>+,363.+. +6 -+7,39 TXH VH ./ 7+8/<+ 38>/8-398+6 =9,</ /6 -97:9<>+73/8>9 ./ 69= -98.3-398/= ./ 63./<+D19 /8 >+8>9 ;?/ 6+ .9738+8-3+
7F= </6+-398+.9= -98 /=>9= -<3>/<39= ./ +.+:>+,363.+. ;?/
:?/./ GLYLGLU /8 -<3>/<39= ;?/ 38-6?C/8 6+ +.+:>+,363.+. 9><9= + 038 ./ 691<+< /=+= 7/>+= += 9<1+83D+-398/= +=/<>3@3.+. C 6+ VRFLDELOLGDG =/ -9<</6+-398+8 ./ 7+8/<+
FRQ 69= 38>/</=/= /=>G>3-9= (+7,3G8 ./,/<H+ 89>+<=/ ;?/
38>/<:/<=98+6 DMXVWDUVH D 8?/@9= /8>9<89= ./ @3.+ 38@3/<>/8 </-?<=9= -98=3./<+,6/= /8 /6 ./=+<<9669 ./6 7F= 0?/<>/ /8></ 6+= 2+,363.+./= =9-3+6/= C /79-398+6/=
.3@/<=9= =?,.973839= ./ 6+ +:/<>?<+ :?/./8 >/8/< IXHUWH
./=/7:/I9-</+>3@9\DGDSWDFLµQDOFDPELRRUJDQL]DFLRQDO 63./<+D19C+;?//=>+=2+,363.+./=LQIOX\HQGHJUDQ 38.3@3.?+6/=
UHOHYDQFLDSDUDFLHUWDVFODVHVGHHPSOHRVRLQGXVWULDVXQ
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</+63D+.9 38@/=>31+-3RQHV FRQVLGHUDEOHV VREUH RWUDV C+?>9/@+6?+-398/=+:<38-3:+6@/8>+4+./6+=2+,363.+./=
2+,363.+./==9-3+6/=C/79-398+6/=0?/<+./67+<-9./6R= -97:?/=>+= C+-/ /8 =? </6/@+8-3+ UHVSHFWR + UHVXOWDGRV
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69= +=:/->9= ./ 0RWLYDFLµQ DO ORJUR 2:>373=79 C -6+=/VCDGRSWDU?8/809;?/:<F->3-9SDUD/6+:</8.3D+4/ +:</8./< :/8=+< :/<-3,3< C 7/79<3D+< = =3736+< + 6+
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03. EL IMPACTO DE HABILIDADES SOCIALES Y EMOCIONALES ESPECIFICAS (1/265(68/7$'26'(9,'$
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26 ©OCDE ©OCDE 27
04. LAS HABILIDADES SOCIALES Y EMOCIONALES 4&16&%&/"13&/%&3 04. LAS HABILIDADES SOCIALES Y EMOCIONALES 4&16&%&/"13&/%&3
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Viechtbauer (2006).
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Conclusiones
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Bibliografía
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