SÉQUENCE 1 

: ART ET CONTESTATION

ENTRAINEMENT AU BACCALAURÉAT

Rédiger un article de journal

1. Méthodologie

A. Identifier l’enjeu, la raison d’être de l’article

Quelle est l’intention de l’auteur ? Décrire ? Expliquer ? Donner son opinion ? Comparer ? Emettre des
hypothèses ? Raconter un évènement ?

B. Se préparer
• Faites un brainstorming, écrivez tous les mots que vous viennent à l’esprit : des synonymes, antonymes,
verbes, adjectifs, etc.
• Réfléchissez aux arguments, exemples, anecdotes que vous souhaitez intégrer à votre article.
• Faites une carte mentale pour organiser les mots de brainstorming.
• Faites un plan détaillé (idées principales pour deux ou trois parties). Un paragraphe = une idée.
• Choisissez des mots de liaison et des connecteurs logiques.
• Réfléchissez aux temps à employer.

C. Rédiger
• Faites figurer ce qui caractérise un article de journal : le nom du journal, celui du journaliste, la date de
publication.
• Organisez votre présentation. Rassemblez les éléments importants et déterminez les grandes idées
qui constitueront les paragraphes de votre article. L’information est organisée en paragraphes (de
l’information la plus générale à la plus détaillée).
• Pensez à un titre accrocheur, votre but étant d’attirer votre lecteur (importance du choix des mots, jeux de
mots).
• Rédigez ensuite l’introduction.
• Faites des paragraphes en sautent des lignes.
• Relisez votre devoir.

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D. Quelques outils

a. La carte mentale

Image : Georg De Cooman, Clémence Evrard, Sandrine Geuquet, Violaine Lejeune, Catherine Nuellens, Sophie Samain, Parcours & Moi,
Français, 1ère secondaire : cahier d’activités, 2016, Erasme (image de Mathilde Bernos)

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b. Les éléments langagiers

Mots de liaison pour structurer un discours

Chronologie Addition, contraste Opinion
First / First of All / To begin with
In addition
Secondly
Moreover / Besides
Then On the one hand / other hand
Indeed / In fact / Actually
Finally In my view / From my point of view
However / On the contrary
Therefore / Thus As far as I’m concerned / As for me
Whereas / While
To conclude / In conclusion / In a
Although
nutshell

Les temps à utiliser

Rédiger un article descriptif
• Présent simple
Ex: People usually say that...
• Déterminant zéro + nom au pluriel pour parler des généralités.
Ex: Cars create a lot of pollution.
Raconter des événements passés
• Le prétérit: V + ed
Ex: She worked tirelessly to...
• Le pluperfect: had + V-en : antériorité, « flashback »
Ex: He had forgotten to...
• Le prétérit be + V-ing: action en cours de déroulement dans le passé.
Ex: He was walking to the store when...

c. La structure d’un article

Afin que votre article soit bien structuré et répondre aux codes de la presse, prenez garde aux éléments
suivants :
1. Mettez un titre clair et percutant dans les caractères plus gros et plus gras que le reste. Le lecteur doit
savoir tout de suite de quoi vous allez parler.
2. Le chapeau sert à introduire le sujet de l’article et donne envie au lecteur de lire la suite. Il fait environ
deux ou trois phrases, bien détachées du reste du texte (distinguez-le du reste de l’article (gras, italique,
couleur, etc.)).
3. Structurez le corps de l’article en paragraphes bien distincts : chaque paragraphe contient une idée/un
argument et est illustré par un ou plusieurs exemple(s). Les paragraphes évoluent pour aller du plus général
(on pose le contexte) puis donner des précisions et enfin terminer par une ouverture ou un contrepoint.
Il faut toujours avoir votre cible en tête pour savoir comment vous exprimer : posez-vous la question de
savoir à qui s’adresse l’article et adaptez le ton.

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Le texte doit être aéré pour être agréable à lire. Sautez une ligne entre chaque paragraphe et n’oubliez pas :
1 idée = 1 paragraphe.

4. En fonction du sujet de votre article n’hésitez pas à intégrer des citations, chiffres pour donner du poids
à vos idées. Il faut capter l’attention de votre public : ajoutez des exemples parlants, des statistiques
inattendues, ou encore interpellez directement le lecteur.
5. La conclusion. Vous écrivez avec un but en tête : assurez-vous qu’il a bien été atteint à la fin de l’article
(avez-vous bien transmis tous les messages que vous vouliez ?). La conclusion peut aussi inviter le lecteur à
continuer à se renseigner sur le sujet ou à répondre à une question qui demeure irrésolue.

2. Mise en pratique de la méthodologie

1. Complete the mind map with the right elements.

- discrimination - men/women - marches

- non violent - equality - Malcolm X
- to vote - Jim Crow laws - segregation
- African Americans - peaceful - sit-ins
- to integrate - Martin Luther King - justice
- Rosa Parks - equal rights

The suggested list is not exhaustive, you can enrich this mind map with your own knowledge.

Key Words Actors

- -
- -
-

Rights Problems
- -
Civil Rights
- -
-

Famous People Methods

- -
- -
- -
-

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2. Match each paragraph with the best title.

The success of the movement for African American civil

rights across the South in the 1960s has largely been
credited to activists who adopted the strategy of nonviolent
The Soul of Civil
• • protest. Leaders such as Martin Luther King, Jr., Jim
Rights
Lawson, and John Lewis believed wholeheartedly in this
philosophy as a way of life, and studied how it had been
used successfully by Mahatma Gandhi to protest...
Civil rights, guarantees of equal social opportunities
Civil Rights • • and equal protection under the law, regardless of race,
religion, or other personal characteristics.
Aretha Franklin, dubbed “the Queen of Soul”, was one of
the most influential musicians in the U.S. charts. She won
Civil Rights: How
• • 18 Grammy awards but also made a massive contribution
Far Have We Come?
to the civil rights movement: her songs would become
their anthems.
On August 28, 1993, more than 100,000 people gathered
Nonviolent Philo-
in front of the Lincoln Memorial in Washington, D.C. They
sophy and Self • •
went there to celebrate the 30th anniversary of the historic
Defense
1963 March on Washington, led by Martin Luther King, Jr.

3. Match each title to the author’s intent (inform, describe, explain).

Title Author’s intent

Civil Rights: How Far Have We Come?
Civil Rights 
Nonviolent Philosophy and Self Defense
The Soul of Civil Rights

4. Recognize the structure of an article.

— Title
— Header
— Idea(s)/Agument(s)
— Example(s)
— Quote(s)

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 The Soul of Civil Rights
17 September 2018
Aretha Franklin, dubbed “the Queen of Soul”, was one of the most influential musicians in the U.S. charts.
She won 18 Grammy awards but also made a massive contribution to the civil rights movement: her songs
would become their anthems.
Franklin grew up in the 1950s in Detroit, where her father was a popular Baptist minister with a large
congregation of African Americans who had escaped segregation in the Southern states. Reverend Franklin
was an early leader of the civil-rights movement for racial equality and worked closely with Dr Martin Luther
King Jr. Aretha started singing gospel music in her father’s church, then she moved over to R&B, singing a
string of hits. The fame would soon come, but she was determined not to forget her sense of activism: she
made sure her contract in the 1960s included the clause that she would never perform for a segregated
audience.
Franklin used her fame to fundraise for the civil rights movement and in 1968 recorded “Think”, an anthem
for equality with the catchy chorus, “Give me some freedom, oh, freedom, right now!” She sang both at
Martin Luther King’s funeral in 1968 and at the inauguration of the U.S.A.’s first African-American president,
Barack Obama, in 2009.
MLK’s daughter, Dr Bernice King, said of Franklin, “She was a shining example of how to utilise the arts to
support and promote nonviolent social change. As a daughter of the movement, she not only used her voice
to entertain but to uplift and inspire generations through songs that have become anthems”.
In August 2018, when she died, Barack Obama said of Aretha, “Aretha helped define the American
experience. In her voice, we could feel our history, all of it and in every shade—our power and our pain, our
darkness and our light, our quest for redemption and our hard-won respect.”
Source: www.speakeasy-news.com/the-soul-of-civil-rights

Check your answers with the answer key before doing the writing task.

3. Production

Imagine you are a journalist. Write an article about photographer Dorothea’s Lange’s impact.

Steps to Write Your Article

1. Research Dorothea Lange and take notes. Think of the WH questions: Who? What? When? Where? Why?
How?
2. Make a draft of your article: Make a list of the information you want to provide.
3. Choose your vocabulary: note down adjectives, adverbs and verbs to make your article more engaging. Use
a thesaurus to find synonyms and avoid repetition.
4. Write your article.
5. Reread your article and try to improve it. Check for grammar and spelling mistakes.

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 B1 : Je peux écrire des
descriptions détaillées
simples et directes sur une
gamme étendue de sujets
familiers dans le cadre de
mon domaine d’intérêt.
Je peux faire le compte
rendu d’expériences en
décrivant mes sentiments
et mes réactions dans un
texte simple et articulé. Je
peux écrire la description
d’un événement, un voyage
récent, réel ou imaginé. Je
peux raconter une histoire.
B2 : Je peux écrire des C1 : Je peux écrire des
descriptions élaborées textes descriptifs et de
d’événements et d’expé- fiction clairs, détaillés, bien
riences réels ou imaginaires construits dans un style sûr,
en indiquant la relation personnel et naturel appro-
entre les idées dans un texte prié au lecteur visé.
articulé et en respectant les
règles du genre en question.
Je peux écrire des descrip-
tions claires et détaillées
sur une variété de sujets en
rapport avec mon domaine
d’intérêt.

Correction
1. Complete the mind map with the right elements.

- discrimination - men/women - marches

- non violent - equality - Malcolm X
- to vote - Jim Crow laws - segregation
- African Americans - peaceful - sit-ins
- to integrate - Martin Luther King - justice
- Rosa Parks - equal rights

The suggested list is not exhaustive, you can enrich this mind map with your own knowledge.

Key Words
Actors
- equality
- men/women
- equal rights
- African
- justice Americans

Rights Problems

- to vote - discrimination
Civil Rights
- to integrate - segregation
- Jim Crow laws

Methods
Famous People
- non violent
- Martin Luther King
- peaceful
- Malcolm X
- marches
- Rosa Parks
- sit-ins

CNED – TERMINALE – LLCE ANGLAIS  7

2. Match each paragraph with the best title.

The success of the movement for African American civil

rights across the South in the 1960s has largely been
credited to activists who adopted the strategy of nonviolent
The Soul of Civil protest. Leaders such as Martin Luther King, Jr., Jim
• • Lawson, and John Lewis believed wholeheartedly in this
Rights
philosophy as a way of life, and studied how it had been
used successfully by Mahatma Gandhi to protest...

Civil rights, guarantees of equal social opportunities

and equal protection under the law, regardless of race,
Civil Rights • • religion, or other personal characteristics.

Aretha Franklin, dubbed “the Queen of Soul”, was one of

the most influential musicians in the U.S. charts. She won
Civil Rights: How 18 Grammy awards but also made a massive contribution
• • to the civil rights movement: her songs would become
Far Have We Come?
their anthems.

On August 28, 1993, more than 100,000 people gathered

Nonviolent Philo-
in front of the Lincoln Memorial in Washington, D.C. They
sophy and Self • •
went there to celebrate the 30th anniversary of the historic
Defense
1963 March on Washington, led by Martin Luther King, Jr.

3. Match each title to the author’s intent.

Civil Rights: How Far Have We Come? Inform
Civil Rights Dribe
Nonviolent Philosophy and Self Defense Explain
The Soul of Civil Rights Inform
4. Recognize the structure of an article.
— Title
— Chapeau
— Idea(s)/Agument(s)
— Example(s)
— Citation(s)

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 The Soul of Civil Rights
17 September 2018
Aretha Franklin, dubbed “the Queen of Soul”, was one of the most influential musicians in the U.S. charts. She
won 18 Grammy awards but also made a massive contribution to the civil rights movement: her songs would
become their anthems.
Franklin grew up in the 1950s in Detroit, where her father was a popular Baptist minister with a large
congregation of African Americans who had escaped segregation in the Southern states. Reverend Franklin
was an early leader of the civil-rights movement for racial equality and worked closely with Dr Martin Luther
King Jr. Aretha started singing gospel music in her father’s church, then she moved over to R&B, singing a
string of hits. The fame would soon come, but she was determined not to forget her sense of activism: she
made sure her contract in the 1960s included the clause that she would never perform for a segregated
audience.
Franklin used her fame to fundraise for the civil rights movement and in 1968 recorded “Think”, an anthem
for equality with the catchy chorus, “Give me some freedom, oh, freedom, right now!” She sang both at
Martin Luther King’s funeral in 1968 and at the inauguration of the U.S.A.’s first African-American president,
Barack Obama, in 2009.
MLK’s daughter, Dr Bernice King, said of Franklin, “She was a shining example of how to utilise the arts to
support and promote nonviolent social change. As a daughter of the movement, she not only used her voice
to entertain but to uplift and inspire generations through songs that have become anthems”.
In August 2018, when she died, Barack Obama said of Aretha, “Aretha helped define the American
experience. In her voice, we could feel our history, all of it and in every shade—our power and our pain, our
darkness and our light, our quest for redemption and our hard-won respect.”
Source: www.speakeasy-news.com/the-soul-of-civil-rights

Sample Production

Why Photographer Dorothea Lange’s Political Legacy Continues to Endure

As a woman and a photographer, Lange found her voice in the 1930s through social documentary
photography. The impact of the socio-political photographer’s lens endues and remains prescient as ever.
Irina Baconsky, June 21, 2018
It’s hard to imagine the landscape of modern documentary photography without the defiant, principled and
tireless presence of Dorothea Lange. Born in New Jersey in 1895, Lange is today widely acknowledged as
one of the most influential image-makers of her century, having relentlessly documented some of the most
turbulent political and cultural times in American history such as the tired, hungry and desperate Dust Bowl
refugees of the Great Depression.
A visual activist, Lange triumphed over adversity in her young life after contracting polio at the age of seven
– an illness that left her with a misshapen foot, causing her to walk with a limp for the rest of her life.
This episode imbued in her a sense of empathy which she felt contributed to her ability to engage with her
subjects. “Lange was a strong advocate for the power of photography to effect real change,” explains Alona
Pardo, curator of the retrospective Dorothea Lange: The Politics of Seeing, newly opened at the Barbican.
“She dedicated her life to telling the truthful stories of the communities she sought to represent and record.”
Despite Lange’s transformative role in the evolution of photojournalism, her lifelong work has been largely
overshadowed by the iconic nature of her most famous image, The Migrant Mother. The 1936 photograph,
depicting a California woman nurturing her three children, became one of the most easily recognisable visual
symbols of the Great Depression. “That image is emblematic, but Lange’s contribution to the development
of photography goes far beyond that,” Pardo continues. “This exhibition seeks to redress this imbalance, and
position her as a founding figure of the documentary photographic practice.”

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 While the world has changed dramatically over the past eight decades, much of what concerned Lange both
photographically and socially continues to be relevant today, with the issues of poverty, forced migration,
social disruption, ecological and environmental devastation, racism and women’s rights being as timely
and pressing as ever. “Given the unstable political and social times we are living in – with totalitarian and
authoritarian paternalistic regimes on the rise and a growing nationalism on the up in Europe and beyond – it
seems incredibly important to look back into history and understand how its documentation can reflect and
effect change.” Pardo concludes. Lange’s powerful imagery honestly – and often uncomfortably – mirrors
the darker aspects of human history, creating a space for us to be fully confronted with the social realities we
have constructed.
(432 words)
Adapted from: www.anothermag.com

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