«Jhohrjkxk; ue%«

"kksM'k dkj.k Hkkouk

,oa
n'kèkeZ Hkkouk

jfp;rk
Loñ iañ lnklq[kth dklyhoky t;iqj

çdk'kd %
Jherh lqugjh nsoh tSu èkeZiRuh
Jh vftr çlkn tSu
MkyekikM+k esjB 'kgj

Hkknz in bloh ewY;

ohj fuokZ.k lEor~ 2514 flrEcj 1988 fuR; Lokè;k;
 loZK nso dfFkrNgksa nzO;ksa dh Lora=krk n'kZd
% lkekU;xq.k %
vfLrRoxq.k%
feF;kRoo'k tks ekurk ^drkZ txr Hkxoku dks*]
og Hkwyrk gS yksd esa vfLrRoxq.k ds Kku dks_
mRikn&O;;;qr oLrq gS fiQj Hkh lnk /qzork /js]
vfLrRoxq.k ds ;ksx ls dksbZ ugha tx esa ejs AA1AA

ftl 'kfDr ds fufeÙk ls nzO; dk dHkh uk'k u gks] mldks vfLrRoxq.k dgrs gSaA

oLrqRoxq.k%
oLrqRoxq.k ds ;ksx ls gks æO; esa Lo&LofØ;k]
Lok/hu xq.k&i;kZ; dk gh iku æO;ksa us fd;k_
lkekU; vkSj fo'ks"krk ls dj jgs fut dke dks]
;ksa ekuadj oLrqRo dks ikvks foey f'ko/ke dksAA2AA

ftl 'kfDr ds fufeÙk ls nzO; esa vFkZfØ;k gks] mldks mldks oLrqRoxq.k dgrs gSaA

æO;Roxq.k%
æO;Roxq.k bl oLrq dks tx esa iyVrk gS lnk]
ysfdu dHkh Hkh æO; rks rtrk u y{k.k lEink;_
Lo&æO; esa eks{kkfFkZ gks Lok/hu lq[k yks loZnk]
gks uk'k ftlls vktrd dh nq%[knk;h HkodFkkAA3AA

ftl 'kfDr ds fufeÙk ls nzO; lnk ,d lk u jgs vkSj ftldh i;kZ;sa ges'kk
cnyrh jgsa] mldks æO;Roxq.k dgrs gSaA
çes;Roxq.k%
lc æO;&xq.k çes; ls curs fo"k; gSa Kku ds]
#drk u lE;XKku ij ls tkfu;ks ;ksa è;ku ls]
vkRek v:ih Ks; fut ;g Kku mldk tkurk]
gS Lo&ij lÙkk fo'o esa lqn`f"V mudks tkurkAA4AA

ftl 'kfDr ds fufeÙk ls nzO; fdlh u fdlh ds Kku dk fo"k; gks]

mldks çes;Roxq.k dgrs gSaA

vxq:y?kqRoxq.k%
;g xq.k vxq#y?kq Hkh lnk j[krk egÙkk gS egk]
xq.k&æO; dks ij:i ;g gksus u nsrk gS vgk!_
fut xq.k&i;Z; loZ gh jgrs lrr futHkko esa]
drkZ u grkZ vU; dksbZ ;ksa y[kks Lo&LoHkko esaAA5AA

ftl 'kfDr ds fufeÙk ls nzO; dh nzO;rk dk;e jgs vFkkZr~ ,d nzO; nwljs nzO;
:Ik u ifj.kes vkSj ,d xq.k :Ik u ifj.kes rFkk ,d nzO; ds vusd ;k vuUr
xq.k fc[kjdj tqns u gks tkos] mldks vxq:y?kqRoxq.k dgrs gSaA

çns'kRoxq.k%
çns'kRoxq.k dh 'kfDr ls vkdkj æO;ksa dks /kjs]
fut{ks=k esa O;kid jgsa vkdkj Hkh Lok/hu gS_
vkdkj gSa lc ds vyx] gks yhu vius Kku esa]
tkuksa bUgsa lkekU;xq.k jD[kks lnk J¼ku esaAA6AA

ftl 'kfDr ds fufeÙk ls nzO; dk dqN u dqN vkdkj vo'; gks] mldks
çns'kRoxq.k dgrs gSaA
 "kksM'k dkj.k Hkkouk
Øe la[;k fo"k; lwph i`"B la[;k

1 n'kZu fo'kqf¼ Hkkouk

2 fou; lEiÂrk Hkkouk
3 'khyozrs"oufrpkj Hkkouk
4 vHkh{.kKkukso;ksx Hkkouk
5 laosx Hkkouk
6 'kfÙkQrLR;kx Hkkouk
7 'kfÙkQrLri Hkkouk
8 lkèkq lekfèk Hkkouk
9 oS;ko`R;dj.k Hkkouk
10 vjgUr HkfÙkQ Hkkouk
11 vkpk;Z HkfÙkQ Hkkouk
12 cgqJqr HkfÙkQ Hkkouk
13 çopu HkfÙkQ Hkkouk
14 vko';dkifjgkf.k Hkkouk
15 lUekxZ Hkkouk
16 çopu okRlY; Hkkouk
 «Jhohrjkxk; ue%«

®
Loñ Jh iañ lnklq[kth d`r

"kksM'k dkj.k Hkkouk

"kksM'kdkj.k Hkkouk gw Jkodds Hkkous ;ksX; gSaA
"kksM'kdkj.k Hkkouk dk iQy rhFkaZdjiuk gS] blgh dfj
rhFkaZdjçd`frdk cUèk vozrh lE;Xn`f"V gwdS gks; dj ns'kozrh
Jkodgwds gks;A vj çeÙkla;r gwds gks; gS] loksZRd`"V iq.;
çd`fr rhFkaZdj çd`fr gSA blrSa vfèkd iq.; çd`fr =kSyksD;esa ukghaa
gSA mDra p xkseVlkjs
ð deZdkaMs&
Ik< eqolfe;s lEes lslfr;s vfojnkfn pÙkkfjA
frRFk;joaèikjaHk;k .kjk dsofynqxars AA93AA
vFkZ&&rhFkaZdj çd`frds cUèk dk vkjEHk deZHkwfe dk
euq"; iq:"kfyaxèkkjh gh ds gks; gS] vU; rhu xfresa vkjEHk ukghaa
gks;A vj dsoyh rFkk Jqrdsoyh ds pj.kkjfoandS lehigh gks;A
dsoyh Jqrdsoyh dk fudV fcuk rhFkaZdjçd`frdk cUèkds ;ksX;
Hkkoukdh fo'kq¼rk ukghaa gks; gSA vj rhFkaZdjçd`frdk cUèk
çFkeksi'kelE;DRo esa gks; rFkk 'ks"kf=kd tks f}rh;ksi'ke rFkk
{k;ksi'ke rFkk {kkf;d bu pkj lE;DRoesa dksÅ ,desa gks; gSA bl
rhFkaZdjçd`frcaèk ds dkj.k "kksM'kdkj.k Hkkouk gSaA ;s Hkkouk
 (2)

leLr ikidk {k; djus okyh Hkkofuds eydwa foèoal djus okyh
Jo.k iBu djrs lalkj ds caèk Nsnusokyh fujarj Hkkous ;ksX; gSaA
vc ;gk¡ "kksM'kHkkoukdh "kksM'k t;ekyk if<+ egku~ iq.;
miktZu dfj;s gS frugh dk vFkZdwa Hkkofudh fo'kq¼rk vj v'kqHk
Hkkofudk uk'kds vfFkZ fyf[k, gSA
vFk leqPp;t;eky dk vFkZ çFkegh fyf[k;s gSA gs
lalkjleqnzrS rkjusokyk\ dqxfrdwa fuokj.k djus okyk! gs
rhFkaZdj&LoyfCèkdwa èkkj.k djusokyk! gs f'ko! tks fuokZa.kdk
dkj.k gS "kksM'kdkj.k! eSa frgkjs rkbZa ueLdkj djds rsjk Lrou
d:¡ gw¡] vj esjh'kfDrdwa çxV d:¡ gw¡A
HkkokFkZ&&"kksM'kdkj.k Hkkouk rkdS gks tk; lks fu;elwa
rhFkZadj gks] lalkjleqnzdwa frjS gh ,slk fu;e gSA cgqfj
"kksM'kdkj.k Hkkouk tkdS gks; rkdS dqxfr ukghaa gks;A dsbZ rks
fonsg{ks=kfufo"kS x`gkpkj esa "kksM'kdkj.k Hkkouk dsoyh ds vFkok
Jqrdsoyh ds fudV Hkk; mlh Hko esa ridY;k.k KkudY;k.k
fuokZ.kdY;k.k nsofudfj ik; fuokZ.kdwa çkIr gks; gSA vj dsbZ
iwoZ tUeesa dsoyh Jqr&dsoyhds fudV Hkkouk Hkk; lkSèkeZ
LoxZdwa vkfn ys; lokZFkflf¼ i;Zar vgfeanz mift dfj fiQj
rhFkaZdj gks; fuokZ.k ikoS gSaA dksbZ iwoZtUe esa feF;kRo ds ifj.kke
esa ujd vk;q dk cUèk fd;k] fiQj dsoyh Jqr&dsoyhdk 'kj.k
ik; lE;DRo xzg.kfdj "kksM'kdkj.k Hkkouk Hkk; ujd tk;
ujdrS fudfl rhFkaZdj gks; fuokZ.kdwa çkIr gks; gSA iwoZ tUeesa
 (3)

"kksM'kdkj.k Hkkouk dfj rhFkaZdjçd`fr ckaèkS gS rkdS iap

dY;k.kdh efgek gks; gSA vj tks fonsgfuesa x`gLFkiuk esa rhFkaZdj
çd`fr ckaèkS gS lks mlgh Hkoesa ri Kku fuokZ.k rhu dY;k.kfuesa
bUnzkfnddfj iwtu ik; fuokZ.kdwa çkIr gks; gSA dsbZ fonsg{ks=kfuesa
eqfuds ozr èkj;ka ikNSa dsoyh ds fudV "kksM'kdkj.k Hkkouk Hkk;
mlh Hkoesa rhFkadj gks; Kku] fuokZ.k nks; dY;k.kdh iwtkdks
çkIr gks; gSa ri dY;k.k rkd igys gh Hk;k rkrSa ukghaa gks; gSA
tkdS rhFkaZdjçd`frdk cUèk gks; tk; lks Hkouf=kd nsofuesa] vU;
euq " ; fr;Z a p fUkes a ] Hkks x Hkw f ees a L=kh uiq a l d ,ds f Uæ;
fody&prq"dkfn i;kZ;fu esa ukghaa mitS gS] vj rhljh i`FohrSa
uhps ukghaa mitS gSA ;kgh rSa "kksM'kdkj.k Hkkouk dqxfr dk
fuokj.k djus okyh gSA cgqfj "kksM'kdkj.k Hkkouk gqvk ikNS rhts
Hko fuokZ.k gks; gh rkraS f'kodk dkj.k gSA vj rhFkaZdjRo ½f¼
"kksM'kdkj.krS gh mitS gS] rkrSa gs "kksM'kdkj.k Hkkouk! eSa rqEgsa
ueLdkj dfj Fkkjks Lrou d:a gawA
gs HkO;thoks ! bl nqyZHk euq";tUeesa iPphl nks"k jfgr
n'kZufo'kq¼rk uke Hkkouk HkkogwA lE;Xn'kZuds u"V djus okys
nks"kfudwa R;kxuk lksgh lE;Xn'kZudh mTToyrk gSA rhu ew<rk
v"V en] Ng vuk;ru 'kadkfn v"V nks"k ;s lR;kFkZ J¼kudwa
eyhu djus okys iPphl nks"k gSa] frudk nwjghrSa R;kx djksA cgqfj
pkj çdkj dk fou; tSls Hkxoku dk ijekxe esa dák rSlS
n'kZufou; Kkufou;] pkfj=kfou;] mipkjfou; ;s pkj çdkj
 (4)

fou; ftu 'kklu dk ewy HkxokUk~ ftusUæ dák gSA tgka pkj
çdkj fou; ukghaa gS rgka ftusUæ èkeZ dh ço`fÙk gh ukghaaA rkraS
ftu'kklu dk ewy fou;:i gh jguk ;ksX; gSA cgqfj vrhpkj
jfgr 'khydwa ikygwA 'khydaw eyhu ukghaa djuk lks mTToy 'khy
eks{k ds ekxZ esa cM+k lgkbZ gSA tkds mTToy'khy gS rkds bfUæ;
fo"k;d"kk; ifjxzgkfnd eks{k ekxZ ls fo?u ukghaa dj ldS gSaA bl
nqyZHk euq";tUefo"kS {k.k{k.k esa Kkuksi;ksx:i gh jgks A lE;XKku
fcuk ,d {k.k gwa O;rhr er djks] vU; ts ladYi&fodYi lalkj
esa Mckscus okys gSa frudk nwjghrSa ifjR;kx djksA cgqfj èkekZuqjkx
dfj lalkj&nsg HkksxfurSa fojkxrk:i laosx Hkkouk euds ekgha
fparou djrs jgks] tkrS leLrfo"k;fuesa vuqjkxdk vHkko gks;]
èkeZ esa vj èkeZdk iQyesa vuqjkx:i çorZu n`<+ gks; A cgqfj
varjax esa vkRek ds ?kkrd yksHkkfn ds pkj d"kk;fudk vHkko
dfj viuh 'kfDrçek.k lqik=kfu ds jRu=k;xq.k esa vuqjkx dfj
vkgkjkfnd pkj çdkj dk nku esa ço`fÙk djks A cgqfj nks; çdkj
varjax cfgjax ifjxzg esa vklDrk NkafM+ leLr fo"k;fudh bPNk
dk vHkko dfj vfr'k; nqèkZj ridwa 'kfDrçek.k vaxhdkj djks A
cgqfj fpÙk ds fo"kS jkxkfnd nks"kfu dk fujkdj.kdfj ije ohr&
&jkxrk:i lkèkqlekfèk èkkj.k djksA cgqfj lalkj ds nq%[k vkink
dk fujkdj.k djus okyk oS;ko`R; n'kçdkj djgwA cgqfj vjgar
ds xq.kfueas vuqjkx:i HkfDrdwa èkkj.k djrk vjgar ds ukekfnd
dk è;ku dj vjgar HkfDrdwa èkkj.k djksA cgqfj iap çdkj
 (5)

vkpkjdwa vki vkpj.k djkos] vj nh{kk f'k{kk nsus esa fuiq.k

èkeZds LrEHk] ,sls vkpk;Z&ijes"Bhds xq.kfuesa vuqjkx èkjuk lks
vkpk;ZHkfDr gSA cgqfj Kkuesa ço`fÙk djkous okys fujUrj
lE;XKku dk iBu vki djSa vU; f'k";fudwa i<+kousesa m|eh]
pkfj vuq;ksxfo|kds ikjxkeh ok vaxiqokZfn Jqrds èkkjd
mikè;k; ijes"Bh dh cgqHkfDr èkkj.k djuk lks cgqJqrHkfDr uke
Hkkouk gS A
cgqfj ftu'kklu dk iq"V djus okyk vj la'k;kfnd
vUèkdkj nwj djusdwa lw;Z leku tks Hkxoku~ dk vusdkUr :i
vkxe rkds iBu esa] Jo.k esa] çorZu esa fparou esa] HkfDrdfj
çorZr djuk lks çopuHkfDr Hkkouk HkkogwA cgqfj vo'; djus
;ksX; "kV~ vko';d gSa rs v'kqHk deZds vkL=kooQaw jksfd egku~
fUktZjk djus okys gSa] v'kj.kfudwa 'kj.k gSa ,sls vko';dfudwa
,dkxzfpÙkdfj èkkjgq A budh Hkkouk fujUrj HkkogqA cgqfj
ftuekxZdh çHkkoukesa fuR; çorZu djks A ftuekxZ dh çHkkouk
èkU;iq#"kfudfj çorSZa gSA vusd iq#"kfudh ohrjkxèkeZ esa ço`fÙk
vj dqekxZ dk vHkko çHkkouk djds gh gks; gS A cgqfj èkeZ esa]
èkekZRek iq#"kfuesa rFkk èkeZds vk;ru esa] ijekxe ds vusdkUr
:i okD;fu esa ijeçhfr djuk lks okRlY; Hkkouk gSA ;ks okRlY;
vax gS lks leLrvaxfuesa çèkku gS] nq¼Zj eksg rFkk ekudk uk'k
djusokyk gSA ,sls fuokZ.kds lq[kdh nsusokyh ;s "kksM'kdkj.k
Hkkoukfudwa tks HkO; fLFkjfpÙkdfj HkkoS gS] fpru djS gS] tkds
 (6)

vkRek esa jfp tk; gS lks leLr thofudk fgr:i rhFkaZdjiuksa

ik; iapexfr tks fuokZ.k rkagh çkIr gks; gS A ,slS "kksM'kdkj.k dh
leqPp :i Hkkouk lekIr djh A
n'kZu fo'kqf¼ Hkkouk
vc n'kZufo'kqf¼ uke çFke vaxdh Hkkouk o.kZu dfj;s
gSa&gs HkO;thoks ! tks ;ks euq";tUe ik; ;kdwa lqiQy fd;k pkgks
gks rks lE;Xn'kZu dh fo'kq¼rk djgw A ;ks lE;Xn'kZu leLr èkeZ
dk ewy gSA lE;DRo fcuk Jkod èkeZ gw ukghaa gks;] eqfuèkeZ gw
ukghaa gks;] lE;Xn'kZu fcuk Kku gS lks dqKku gS] pkfj=k dqpkfj=k
gS] ri gS lks dqri gSA lE;Xn'kZu fcuk ;ks tho vuUrkuUrdky
ifjHkze.k fd;k gS] vc tks prqxZfr lalkjifjHkze.klwa Hk;oku~
gksdj tUetjkej.krSa NwV~;k pkgks gks] vj vuUr vfouk'kh
lq[ke; vkRekdaw bPNks gks rks vU; leLr ijæO;fu esa vfHkyk"kk
NkafM lE;Xn'kZugh dh mTToyrk djgwA
dSlhd gSa n'kZufo'kq¼rk\ fuokZ.k lq[k dh dkj.k gS]
nqxZfrdk fujkdj.k djus okyh gSA fou;laiUurkfnd
iUægdkj.kfudk ewydkj.k gSA n'kZufo'kq¼rk ukghaa gks; rks vU;
iUnzgHkkouk ukghaa gks; gSaA ;krSaS lalkj dk nq%[k:i vaèkdkj ds
uk'k djusdwa lw;Z leku gS] HkO;fudwa ije 'kj.kgSA ,slh
n'kZufo'kq¼rk uke Hkkouk HkkogqA tSls LoijæO;dk HksnKku
mTToy gks; rSlS ;Ru djgwA ;ks tho vukfndkyrSa feF;kRouke
deZds of'k gks; vkidk Lo:i dh vj ijdh ifgpku gh ukghaa
 (7)

djhA tSls i;kZ;&deZ ds mn;rSa i;kZ; ikoS rSlh i;kZ;daw gh viuk

Lo:i tkurk viuk lR;kFkZ:i dk Kku esa vUèk gks] vkids
Lo:irS Hkz"V gqvk] prqxZfr esa Hkze.k djS gS] nsodqnsooQwa tkuS
ukghaa A èkeZdqèkeZdwa tkuS ukghaa] lqxq: dqxq#dwa tkuS ukghaa A cgqfj
iq.;dk ikidk] bl yksd dk ijyksddk] R;kxus ;ksX; xzg.kdjus
;ksX;] Hk{;&vHk{;dk] lRlaxdk] dqlaxdk] 'kkL=kdk dq'kkL=kdk
fopkj jfgr] deZdk mn; ds jl esa ,d :i Hk;k viuk fgr
vfgrdwa ukghaa ifgpkurk] ijæO;fuesa ykylk:i gks; lnkdky
Dysf'kr gks; jgk gSA dksÅ vdLekr~ dkyyfCèk ds çHkkorSa mÙke
dqykfnd esa ftusUæ èkeZ ik;k gS] ;krSaS ohrjkxlosZKdk vusdkar
:i ijekxe ds çlknrSa çek.ku;fu{ksifurS fu.kZ; dfj
ijh{kkdkçèkkuh gks;] ohrjkxh lE;XKkuh xq#fu ds çlknrS ,slk
fu'p; Hk;k%& tks ,d tkuus okyk Kk;d :i vfouk'kh]
v[kaM] psruky{k.k] nsgkfnd leLr ijæO;furS fHkUu eSa vkRek
gwa] nsg tkfr dqy :i uke bR;kfnd ekSrS vR;Ur fHkUu gSa] vj
jkx }s"k dke Øksèk en yksHkkfnd deZds mn;rS mitS esjs
Kk;dLoHkkoesa fodkj gSaA tSls LiQfVdef.k rks vki LoPN 'osr
LoHkko gS frlesa Mkdds lalxZrS dkyk] ihyk] gjk] yky vusd
jM:i õ ds nh[kS gSa rSls eSa vkRek LoPN Kk;d Hkko gwa] fufoZdkj
VadksRdh.kZ gwa] eksgdeZtfur jkx }s"kkfnd ;kesa >ydSa gSa] rs esjs
:i ukghaa] ij gSaA ,slSa rks vius Lo:idk fu'p; gqvkA
cgqfj loZK ohrjkx ije fgrksins'kd] vj {kqèk r`"kk tUe
 (8)

tjk ej.k jksx 'kksd Hk; foLe; jkx }s"k fuæk Losn en eksg fpark
[ksn vjfr bu v"Vkn'k nks"kfudk vR;Ur vHkko tkdS Hk;k] vj
vuUrKku vuUr n'kZu vuUroh;Z vuUrlq[k bR;kfn vuUr
vkRehd vfouk'kh xq.k tkdS çxV Hk,] lks gh vkIr gekjs oUnu
Lrou iwtu djus ;ksX; gSaA vU; dkeh Øksèkh yksHkh eksgh] L=khfuesa
vklDr] ifjxzg] ds èkkj.k djus okys fd;s] deZds vèkhu bfUæ;
Kku ds èkkjd loZKrkjfgr gSa lks esjs oUnu Lrouiwtus ;ksX;
ukghaaA tks pksjfuesa f'kjksef.k vj tkjfu esa f'kjksef.k gSa lks dSls
vkjkèkus ;ksX; gks;A cgqfj loZKohrjkx dk mins';k] vj çR;{k
vuqekukfndfj tkesa loZFkk ckèkk ukghaa vkoS] vj leLr Ngdk;
ds thofudh fgalkjfgr èkeZdk mins'kd] vkRek dk m¼kjd]
vusdkUr:i oLrqdwa lk{kkr~ çxV djus okyk gks vkxe gS] lks
i<us i<kous] Jo.k djus J¼ku djus oUnus ;ksX; gS A vj ts
jkxh }s"khfudfj ç:i.k fd;s vj fo"k;kuqjkx vj d"kk;ds
cèkkousokjs] ftuesa fgalk ds djus dk mins'k gS ,sls çR;{k
vuqekudfj ckfèkr ,dkUr:i 'kkL=k Jo.k i<+us ;ksX; ukghaa]
oUnuk;ksX; ukghaa gSa A cgqfj fo"k;fudh ckaNk dk vj d"kk;dk
vj vkjEHkifjxzg dk tkdS vR;Ur vHkko Hk;k] dsoy vkRekdh
mTtoyrk djus esa m|eh] è;ku Lokè;k; esa vR;ar yhu] Lokèkhu]
deZcaèktfur nq%[k lq[k esa lkE; Hkko ds èkkjd] thou ej.k]
ykHk vykHk] Lrou fuanus esa jkx}s"kjfgr milxZijh"kgfuds lgus
esa vdEi èkS;Zds èkkjd] ijefuxzZUFk fnxEcj xq: gh oUnu Lrou
 (9)

djus ;ksX; gSaA vkjEHkh d"kk;h fo"k;kuqjkxh dqxq: dnkfpr~

Lrou oUnu djus ;ksX; ukghaa gSaA cgqfj thon;k gh èkeZ gS] fgalk
dnkfpr~ èkeZ ukghaa A tks dnkfpr~ lw;Zdk mn; if'pefn'kk esa gks
tk;] vj vfXu 'khry gks tk;] vj liZdk eq[kesa ve`r gkstk;]
vj es: pfy tk;] vj i`Foh myV&iyV gks tk;] rks gw fga;k esa
rks èkeZ dnkfpr~ ukghaa gks;A ,slk n`<+ J¼ku lE;Xn`f"V ds gks; gSA
tkdS vius vkRekds vuqHko esa vj loZK ohrjk:i vkIr ds
Lo:i esa vj fuxzZUFk fo"k;d"kk;jfgr xq:esa vj vusdkarLo:i
vkxeesa vj n;k:i èkeZds 'kadkdk vHkko lks fu%'kafdr vax gSA
lE;Xn`f"V ;kesa dnkfpr~ 'kadk ukghaa djS gSA
cgqfj lE;Xn`f"V gS lks èkeZlsoudfj fo"k;fudh ckaNk ukghaa
djS gS] tkrS lE;Xn`f"Vdwa bUnz vgfHkUnzyksd ds fo"kS gwa egku
osnuk:i fouk'khd ikidk cht nh[kS gS] vj èkeZ dk iQy vuUr
vfouk'kh Lokèkhu lq[kdfj ;qDr eks{k nh[kS gSA rkrSa tSls cgqewY;
jRu NkafM+ dkap[k.Mdwa tkSgjh ukghaa xzg.k djS gS rSls tkdwa lkapk
vkRehd vfouk'kh ckèkkjfgr lq[k nh[;k lks >waBk ckèkklfgr
fo"k;fudk lq[kesa dSlS okaNk djS\ rkrSa lE;Xn`f"V okaNkjfgr gh
gks; gSA vj tks vozrh lE;Xn`f"V ds orZekudky esa vkthfodk
&fndkfuesa rFkk LFkkukfndifjxzg esa osnuk ds vHkko esa tks okaNk
gks; gS lks orZekudky dh osnuk lgus dh vlkeF;ZrSa osnuk dk
bykt ek=k pkgS gSA tSls jksxh dM+oh vkS"kfèkrSa vfr fojDr gks; gS
rks gw osnuk dk nq%[k ukghaa lgÔk tk;] rkrSa dM+oh vkS"kfèk oeu
 (10)

fojspukfndk dkj.k gww xzg.k djS gS] nqxZaèk rSykfnd gw yxkoS gS]
vUrjM õ esa vkS"kfèkrSa vuqjkx ukghaa gS rSlsa lE;Xn`f"V fuokZaNd gS rks
gw orZeku ds nq%[k esVus dwa ;ksX; U;k; ds fo"k;fudh okaNk djS
gSA vj ftuesa çR;k[;ku vçR;k[;kukoj.k d"kk; dk vHkko
Hk;k rs viuk lkS [kaM gks; rks gw fo"k;okaNk ukghaa djS gS ;krSaS
lE;Xn`f"V ds fu%dkaf{kr xq.k gks; gh gSA
cgqfj lE;Xn`f"V v'kqHk deZds mn;rSa çkIr HkbZ v'kqHk
lkexzh frl esa Xykfu ukghaa djS] ifj.kke ukghaa fcxkM+S gSA eSa iwoZ
tSlk deZ ckaè;k rSlk Hkkstu iku L=kh iq=k nfjnz laink vkinkdwa
çkIr Hk;k gwaA rFkk vU; fdlhdwa nfjnzh ghu uhp eyhu nsf[k
ifj.kke ukghaa fcxkM+S gSA ikidh lkexzh tkfu dyq"krk ukghaa djS
gS] rFkk eyew=k dnZaekfn nzO;dwa nsf[k vj Hk;adj 'elku oukfn
{ks=kdwa nsf[k] Hk;:i nq%[knk;h dkydwa nsf[k] nq"Viuk dMokiu
bR;kfnd oLrqdk LoHkkodwa nsf[k viuk fufoZfpfdfRlr vax
lE;Xn`f"V ds gks; gh gSA
cgqfj [kksVs 'kkL=kfurSa rFkk O;Urjkfnd nsofud`r fofØ;krSaS
rFkk ef.k eU=k vkS"kèkkfndfuds çHkkorSa vusd oLrqfuds foijhr
LoHkko nsf[k lR;kFkZ èkeZrSa pyk;eku ukghaa gksuk lks lE;Xn'kZudk
vlw<+n`f"V xq.k gS] rks lE;Xn`f"V ds gks; gh gSA
cgqfj lE;Xn`f"V vU;thofuds vKkurSa v'kDrrkrSa yxs
gq, nks"k nsf[k vkPNknu djS gSA ;s lalkjh tho Kkukoj.k
n'kZukoj.k eksguh; deds of'k gks; viuk LoHkko Hkwy jgs gSaA
 (12)

deZds vkèkhu vLkR; ijèkugj.k dq'khykfn ikifu esa ço`fÙk dj

gSA ts ikifurSa nwj orSZ gSa rs èkU; gSA cgqfj dksÅ èkekZRek iq:"k
(ukeh iq#"k) ikids mn;rSa pwfd tk; rkdwa nsf[k ,slk fopkjS&tks
;ks nks"k çxV gkslh rks vU; èkekZRek vj ftuèkeZdks cM+h fuUnk
gkslh] ;k tkfu nks"k vkPNknu djS] vj viuk xq.k gks; rkdh
ç'kalk dk bPNqd ukghaa gks; gS lks ;ks mixwguxq.k lE;DRodks gSA
bu xq.kfurSa ifo=k mTToy n'kZufo'kqf¼rk uke Hkkouk gks; gSA
cgqfj tks èkeZlfgr iq#"kdk ifj.kke dnkfpr~ jksx dh
osnukdfj èkeZrSa pfy tk; rFkk nkfjæ dfj pfy tk; rFkk
milxZ ijh"kgfudfj pfy tk; rFkk vlgk;rkdfj rFkk
vkgkjiku dk fujksèkdfj ifj.kke èkeZrSa f'kfFky gks tk; rkdwa
mins'kdfj èkeZ esa LFkEHku djSA Hkks Kkuh ! Hkks èkeZds èkkjd ! rqe
lpsr gksgw dSls dk;jrk èkkj.kdfj èkeZ esa f'kfFky Hk;s gks] tks
jksxdh osnukrSa èkeZrSa fpxks gks] dSls Hkwyks gks! ;ks vlkrkosnuhdeZ
viuk volj ik; mn; esa vk; x;k gS] vo tks dk;j gks;
nhurkdfj #nu&foykikfn djrs Hkksxksxs rks deZ ukgha NkaMsok]
deZds n;k ukghaa gks; gSA vkSj èkhjiukrSa Hkksxksxs rks deZ ukghaa
NkaMsxk dksÅ nsonkuo eU=krU=k vkS"kèkkfnd rFkk L=kh] iq=k] fe=k]
ckaèko lsod lqHkVdkfn mn;esa vk;k deZ gjusdwa leFkZ gS ukghaa]
tks rqe vPNh rjg le>ks gks A vc bl osnuk esa dk;j gks; viuk
èkeZ vj ;'k vj ijyksd budaw dSlS fcxkMks gks\ vj budwa
fcxkfM LoPNUn ps"Vk foykikfn djusrSa osnuk ukghaa ?kVS gS A T;kSa
 (13)

T;ksa dk;j gksoksxs R;ksa&R;ksa osnuk nq%[k c<+Sxk A rkrSa vc lkgl

èkkj.kdfj ijeèkeZdk 'kj.k xzg.k djks lalkj esa ujd ds rFkk
fr;Zapfuds {kqèkk r`"kk jksx lUrki rkMu ekju 'khr m".kkfn ?kksj
nq%[k vla[;kr dky i;ZUr vusd ckj vuUrHko èkkj.k dfj
HkksxsA ;s rqEgkjs dgk nq%[k gS\ vYidky esa futZjSxk] vj jksx
osnuk nsgdwa ekjSxk] rqEgkjk psruLo:i vkRedwa ukghaa ekjSxk vj]
nsgdk ejuk vo'; gks;xkA tks nsg èkkj.k fd;k rkdSa vo';aHkkoh
ej.k gS A lks vc] lpsr gksgwA ;ks deZdk throkdks volj gSA
vc] HkxokUk] iap ijes"Bh dk 'kj.k xzg.kdfj viuk vtj vej
v[kaM Kkrk n`"Vk Lo:i dk xzg.k djks ,slk volj iQsfj feyuk
nqyZHk gS A bR;kfnd èkeZdk mins'k ns; èkeZesa n`<+ djuk vj
vfuR;] v'kj.kkfn Hkkouk dk xzg.k 'kh?kz djkouk] R;kx]
ozrkfn&NkafM fn;s gks; rks] fiQj xzg.k djkouk rFkk 'kjhjdk
enZukfnd dfj nq%[k] nwfj djuk] vj dksÅ Vgy djus okyk
ukghaa gks; rks vki Vgy djuk] vU; lkèkehZfudk esy feyk nsuk]
vkgkj iku vkS"kèkkfn dfj fLFkfrdj.k djuk rFkk eyew=k
diQkfnd gks; rks èkksouk iawNuk bR;kfn dfj fLFkj djuk] nkfjæ
dfj pyk;eku gks ; frudk Hkks t uikukfnd dfj]
vkthfodkfnd yxk; nsus dfj] milxZ ijh"kgkfnd nwj djus
dfj lR;kFkZ èkeZ esa LFkkiu djuk lks fLFkfrdj.k] vax lE;Xn`f"V
ds gks; gSA
cgqfj okRlY;ukexq.k lE;Xn`f"Vds gks; gSA lalkjh
 (14)

thofudh çhfr rks vius L=khiq=kkfndfu esa rFkk bfUnz;fu ds

fo"k;Hkksxfu esa] èkuds miktZu esa cgqr jgS gSA tkrS L=kh iq=k èku
ifjxzg fo"k;kfndfudaw lalkj ifj&Hkze.k ds dkj.k tkfu]
varjaxesa fojkxrk èkkj.kdfj tkdks èkekZRek esa] jRu=kk; ds èkkjd
eqfu vftZdk Jkod Jkfodk esa ok èkeZ ds vk;rufu esa vR;Ur
çhfr gks; rkdS lE;Xn'kZudk okRlY; vax gks; gSA
cgqfj tks vius eudfj opudkfj dk;dfj èkudfj
nkudfj ozrdfj ridfj HkfDrdfj jRu=k;dk Hkko çxV djS lks
ekxZ&çHkkouk vax gSA ;kdk fo'ks"k çHkkouk vaxdh Hkkouk esa
o.kZu dfj;sxkA ,slSa lE;Xn'kZu ds v"Vvax èkkj.k djusraS bu
xq.kfudk çfri{kh 'kadk&dka{kkfnd nks"kfudk vHkko dfj
n'kZufo'kq¼rk gks; gSA cgqfj yksdew<rk nso ew<rk xq# ew<rk dk
ifj.kkefudwa NkafM J¼kudwa] mTtoy djukA
vc yksdew<rk dk Lo:i ,slk gS tks e`rdfudk gkM+
u[kkfnd xaxkesa igqapkus esa eqfDr HkbZ ekuSa] unh ds Luku esa unh
dh ygj ysusesa èkeZ ekuuk rFkk e`rd HkrkZds lkFk thorh L=kh rFkk
nklh vfXuesa nXèk gkstk; rkdwa lrh ekfu iwtuk] ejÔkdwa firj
ekfu iwtuk] firjfudwa ikrM+h esa LFkkiu dfj igjuk rFkk
lw;Z&pUæ eaxykfnd xzgfudwa lqo.kZ :ikdk cuk; xys esa igjuk
rFkk xzgfudk nks"k nwfj djusdwa nku nsuk] laØkafr O;frikr
lkseksrh vekofl ekfu nku djuk lw;Z&pUæek dk xzg.k dk
fufeÙkrSa Luku djuk] MkHkdwa 'kq¼ ekuuk] gLrh ds narfudaw 'kq¼
 (15)

ekuuk] dwaok iwtuk] lw;Z&pUæekdwa v?kZ nsuk] nsgyh iwtuk]

ew'kydwa iwtuk] Nhadkdwa iwtuk] rFkk nhid dh tksfrdwa iwtuk
rFkk nso rkdh cksykjh cksyukA tMwyk pksVh j[kuk] nsorkdh
HksaVds djkjrSa viuk lUrkukfnddwa thfor ekuuk] lUrku dwa
nsork dk fn;k ekuuk rFkk vius ykHk okLrs rFkk dk;Zflf¼
okLrS ,slh ohurks djS&&tks esjs ,rk ykHk gks tk; rFkk lUrkudk
jksx fefV tk; rFkk lUrku gks tk; ok oSjh dk uk'k gks tk; rks eSa
vkids N=k p<kÅa] bruk èku HksaV d:¡] ,slk djkj djS gS]
nsorkdwa lkSad (fj'or) ns; dk;Zdh flf¼ ds okLrs ckaNS gS A
rFkk jkfrtxk djuk] dqynsodwa iwtuk] 'khrykdwa iwtuk] y{ehdwa
iwtuk] lksuk :ikdwa iwtuk] i'kqfudwa iwtuk] vUudwa tydwa iwtuk]
'kL=kdwa o`{kdwa iwtuk] vfXunso ekfu iwtuk lks yksd ew<rk
feF;kn'kZu dk çHkkorSa J¼kuds foijhriuk gS lks R;kxus ;ksX;
gSA
cgqfj nsodqnsodk fopkjjfgr gks; dkeh Øksèkh ifjxzgh gw
esa bZ'ojiuk dh cqf¼ djuk tks ;g Hkxoku~ ijes'oj gSa] leLr
jpuk ;kdh gS] ;s gh drkZ gSa] grkZ gSa tks dqN gks; gS lks bZ'ojdks
fd;ks gh; gS] leLr vkNh cqjh yksdfulaw bZ'oj dk fd;k fcuk
dNw gh ukghaa gks; gS] lc bZ'oj dh bPNkds vkèkhu gS] 'kqHkdeZ
v'kqHk deZ bZ'oj dh çsj.kk fcuk ukghaa gks; gS bR;kfnd ifj.kke
lE;Xn'kZu ds vHkko dfj gks; lks nso ew<rk gSA
cgqfj ik[k.Mh ghu&vkpkjds èkkjd rFkk ifjxzgh] yksHkh
 (16)

fo"k;fudk yksyqihfu daw djkekrh ekuuk] okdk opu fl¼

ekuuk rFkk ;s çlUu gks tk; rks gekjk okafNr fl¼ gks tk;] ;s
riLoh gSa] iwT; gS] egkiqj"k gSa] iqjk.k gSa bR;kfnd foijhr J¼ku
djS lks xq# ew<rk gS A rkrSa ftuds ifj.kkefurSa bu rhuew<rk dk
ys'k ek=kkk gwa ukghaa gks; rkdS n'kZudks fo'kq¼rk gks; gS A cgqfj Ng
vuk;rudk R;kx dfj n'kZu fo'kq¼rk gks; gS A dqnso dqxq#
dq'kkL=kkk vj buds lsou djus okys ;s èkeZ ds vk;ru dfg;s
LFkku ukghaa A rkrSa ;s vuk;ru gSaA
HkkokFkZ&&tks jkxh }s"kh dkeh Øksèkh yksHkh ifjxzgh feF;kRo
dfj lfgr gS fruesa lE;d~ èkeZ ukghaa ikbZ;s A rkrSa dqnso gSa rs
vuk;ru gSa A cgqfj iapbfUæ;fuds fo"k;fuds yksyqih ifjxzgds
èkkjh] vkjEHk djusokys] ,sls Hks"kèkkjh rs xq# ukghaa] èkeZghu gSaA rkrSa
vuk;ru gSaA cgqfj fgalkds vkjEHk dh çsj.kk djusokyk] jkx}s"k
&dkekfnd nks"kfudk cèkkousokyk] loZFkk ,dkUrdk ç:id
'kkL=k gS rs dq'kkL=k èkeZjfgr gSa] rkrSa vuk;ru gSaA cgqfj nsoh
fngkMh {ks=kkikykfnd nsodwa cUnus okys vuk;ru gSaA cgqfj
dqxq#fuds lsod gSa HkfDr èkeZrSa jfgr gSa rs vuk;ru gSaA cgqfj
feF;k'kkL=kds i<usokys vj budh lsok HkfDr djusokys ,dkarh
èkeZdk LFkku ukghaa rkrSa vuk;ru gSaA ,sls dqnso dqxq# dq'kkL=k vj
budh lsok HkfDr djus okys bu Ngwfuesa lE;d~èkeZ ukghaa gSA ,slk
n`<+ J¼kudfj n'kZufo'kq¼rk gks; gS A
cgqfj tkfren dqyen ,s'o;Zen 'kkludk en ri dk en
 (17)

cydk en foKkuen bu v"V enfudk tkdS vR;Ur vHkko gks;

rkds n'kZu fo'kq¼rk gks; gSA lE;Xn`f"V ds lkapk fopkj ,slk
gS%&gs vkReu~! ;k mPp tkfr gS lks rqEgkjk LoHkko ukghaa] ;g rks
deZdk ifj.keu gS] ijd`r gSA fouk'khd gS] deZfuds vkèkhu gSA
lalkjesa vusd ckj vusd tkfr ikbZ gSA ekrk dh i{kdwa tkfr
dfg;s gSaA tho vusd ckj pkaMkyhds rFkk Hkhyuh ds rFkk
EysPN.kksds] pekjhds] èkkschfu ds] uk;f.k ds] Mwef.k ds]
uVuhds] os';k ds nklh ds dykyh ds èkhojh bR;kfn euq";fu ds
xHkZ esa miT;k gS] rFkk lwdjh dwadjh xnZHkh L;ky.kh dkxyh
bR;kfnd fr;aZpfu ds xHkZ esa vuUrckj mift mift ejÔk gSA
vuUrokj uhptkfr ikoS rc ,dckj mPptkfr ikoSA ,sls mPp
tkfr Hkh vuUrokj ikbZ rksgw lalkj ifjHkze.k gh fd;k A vj ,sls
gh firk dk i{k dqygw Åapk uhpk vuUrckj çkIr Hk;kA lalkjesa
tkfrdk] dqydk en dSls dfj;s gSA LoxZdk egf¼Zdnso efjdfj
,dsfUæ; vk; mitS gS rFkk 'okukfnd fua| fr;Zapfu esa mitS gS
rFkk mÙke dqydk èkkjd gks; lks pkaMky esa tk; mitSA rkrS
tkfrdqy esa vgadkj djuk feF;kn'kZu gSA gs vkReu~ ! rqEgkjk
tkfrdqy rks fl¼fu ds leku gSA rqe vkik Hkwfy ekrk dk #fèkj
firk dk oh;ZrSa mitS tkfrdqy esa feF;k vkik èkfj iQsj gw
vuUrdky] fuxksnokl efr djksA ohrjkx dk mins'k xzg.k fd;k
gS rks bl nsgdh tkfrdaw gw la;e 'khy n;k lR; opukfndfj
liQy djksA tks eSa mÙke tkfrdqy ik; uhpdehZfu dSls fgalk
 (18)

vlR; ijèku gj.k dq'khy lsou vHk{; Hk{k.kkfn v;ksX;

vkpj.k dSls d:a\ ukghaa d:aA ,slk vgadkj djuk ;ksX; gSA
lE;Xn`f"V ds deZd`r iqn~xy i;kZa; esa dnkfpRk~ vkRecqf¼ ukghaa
gks; gSA
cgqfj ,s'o;Z ik; rkdk en dSls dfj;s\ ;ks ,s'o;Z rks
vkik Hkqyk; cgq vkjaHk jkx}s"kkfnd esa ço`fÙk djk; prqxZfresa
ifjHkze.kdk dkj.k gSA fuxZzUFkiuk rhuyksdesa è;kous ;ksX; gS iwT;
gS A vj ;ks ,s'o;Z {k.kHkaxqj gS] cM+s cM+s bUæ vgfeanzfudk iru
lfgr gSA oyHkæ ukjk;.kfudk ,s'o;Z {k.kek=k esa u"V gks x;k
vU; thofudk ,s'o;Z dsrkd gS] ,slSa nks; fnu ik;k gS rks nq%f[kr
thofudk midkj djks] fou;oku gks; nku nsgq] ijekReLo:i
viuk ,s'o;Z tkfu bl deZd`r ,s'o;Z esa fojDr gksuk ;ksX; gSA
cgqfj :i dk en efr djksA ;ks fouk'khd iqn~xydks :i
vkRekdk Lo:i ukghaa fouk'khd gS {k.k {k.k esa u"V gks; gSA bl
:idwa jksx fo;ksx nfjnz tjk egkdq:i djsxkA ,slk gkMpke dk
:iesa jkxh gks; en djuk cM+k vuFkZ gSA bl vkRek dk :i rks
dsoyKku gS ftlesa yksd vyksd loZ çfrfcafcr gks; gSaA rkrSa
pkeMk dk :iesa vkik NkafM viuk vfouk'kh KkuLo:i esa vkik
èkkjgwA cgqfj Jqr dk xoZdaw NkaM gwA vkReKkujfgr dk Jqr
fu"iQy gS] tkrSa ,dkn'k vax dk Kku lfgr gks; djds gw vHkO;
lalkj ghesa ifjHkze.k djS gSA lE;Xn'kZu fcuk vusd O;kdj.k NUn
vyadkj dkO; dks"kkfnd i<uk foijhr èkeZ esa vfHkeku yksHk esa
 (19)

çorZu djk; lalkj :i vaèkdwai esa Mqcksous ds vfFk tkugw A vkSj

bl bfUæ;tfur Kku dk dgk xoZ gS\ ,d{k.k esa
okrfiÙkdiQkfnd ds ?kVus cèkusrSa pyk;eku gks tk; gSA vj
bfUæ;tfur Kku rks bfUæ;fu dk fouk'k dh lkFk gh fou'kSxk vj
feF;kKku rks T;ksa oèkSxk R;ksa [kksVs dkO;] [kksVh Vhdkfndfu dh
jpukesa çorZu djk; vusd thofudwa nqjkpkjesa çorZu djk;
Mcks; nsxkA rkrSa Jqrdk en NkaMgw A Kku ik; vkRefo'kq¼rk
djgwA Kku ik; vKkuhdsls vkpj.k dfj lalkjesa Hkze.k djuk
;ksX; ukghaaA
cgqfj lE;DRo fcuk feF;kn`f"V dk ri fu"iQy gSA ridks
en djks gks tks eSa cM+k riLoh gwa lks en ds çHkkorSa cqf¼
u"VdfjdS ;ks ri nqxZfresa ifjHkze.k djkosxkA rkrSa ridk xoZ
djuk egk vuFkZ tkfu HkO;fudaw ridk xoZ djuk ;ksX; ukghaa gSA
cgqfj ftl cydfj deZ:i oSjhdwa thfr;s rFkk dke Øksèk yksHkdwa
thfr;s lks cy rks ç'kalk;ksX; gS vkSj nsgdk cy ;kSou dk cy
,s'o;Zdk cy ik; vU; fucZy vukFk thofudwa ekfj ysuk] èku
[kksfl ysuk] tehu thfodk [kksfl ysuk] dq'khy lsou djuk]
nqjkpkjesa çorZu djkouk lks cy rks ujdds ?kksj nq%[k vla[;krSa
dksy Hkksxk; fr;Zapxfr esa ekj.k rkMu yknu dfj rFkk nqoZpu
rFkk {kqèkk r`"kkfndfu ds nq%[k vusd i;kZ;fu esa Hkqxrk;
,dsfUæ;fu esa leLrcy jfgr vleFkZ djsxkA rkrS cydk en
NkafM {kek xzg.k dfj mÙkeri esa çorZu djuk ;ksX; gSA
 (20)

cgqfj ts foKku dfg;s vusd gLr dyk] vusd opu

dyk] vusd euds fodYi ftudfj ;ks vkRek prqxZfr:i lalkj
esa ifjHkze.kdfj nq%[k HkksxS gS rs leLr dqKku gSa A bl lalkj esa
[kksVhdyk prqjrkdk cM+k xoZ gSA tks gekjk lkeF;Z ,slk gS rks
lkapsdaw >wB dj nsoS] >wBsdwa lkapk dj nsoSa] dyad jfgr daw
dyad lfgr dfj nsoSa] 'khyoUr daw nwf"kr dfjnsoSa vn.Mfudwa
n.M nsus ;ksX; dfj nsosa] cgqr fnufu dk lap; fd;k æO;dwa
d<k ysoSa rFkk èkeZ NqM+k; vU;Fkk J¼ku djk; nsoSa rFkk çk.khfu
ds o'khdj.k rFkk vusd thofudk ekj.k rFkk vusd ty esa xeu
djus ds] LFky esa xeu djus ds] vkdk'k esa xeu djus ds] vusd
;U=k cuk; nsoS bR;kfnd dykpkrqFkZ gS] rs lc dqKku gSaA ;kdk
xoZ ujd ds ?kksj nq%[k dk dkj.k gSA dykpkrq;Zrks lE;d~rk lks
gSA tkrSa viuk vkRek dwa fo"k;d"kk; ds my>korS lqy>kouk
rFkk yksdfudwa fgalkjfgr lR;ekxZ esa çoÙkkZouk gSA ,sls
lR;kFkZoLrq dk Lo:i lef> tkfr] dqy] èku] ,s'o;Z] :i
foKkukfnddwa deZds vèkhu tkfu budk en NkafM n'kZufo'kq¼rk
djksA ,sls rhu ew<+rk vj vkB 'kadkfnd nks"k vj "kV~ vuk;ru
vj v"V en ,sls iPphl nks"k dk ifjgkj dfj lE;Xn'kZu dh
mTToyrk gks; gSA ,sls tkfu n'kZufo'kqf¼ Hkkouk gh fujUrj
fparou djSa] vj ;kghdwa è;kuxkspj dfj Lrqfr lfgr mTToy
v?kZ mrkj.k djSa gSa lks eqfDrL=khlwa lacaèk djS gSA ,sls n'kZu
fo'kq¼rk uke çFke Hkkouk o.kZu djh AA1AA
 (21)

2- fou; lEiUurk Hkkouk

vo vkxS fou;laiUurk uke nwth Hkkouk dfg;s gS& lks
fou; iap çdkj dgk gSaA n'kZu fou;] Kku fou;] pkfj=k fou;]
ri fou;] mipkj fou; A rgka tks vius J¼ku ds 'kadkfnd
nks"k ukghaa yxkouk rFkk lE;Xn'kZudh fo'kq¼rk dfj gh viuk
tUe liQy ekuuk] lE;Xn'kZu ds èkkjdfu esa çhfr èkkjuk] vkRek
vj ijdk HksnfoKku dk vuqHko djuk lks n'kZufou; gSA cgqfj
lE;XKku ds vkjkèku esa m|e djuk] lE;XKku dh dFkuh esa
vknj djuk rFkk lE;XKku ds dkj.k ts vusdkar :i ftulw=k
fru ds Jo.k iBu esa cgqr mRlkg:i gksuk rFkk oUnuk
LrouiwoZd cgqr vknjrSa i<uk lks Kkufou; gS A rFkk Kku ds
vkjkèkd Kkuhtuksa dk rFkk ftukxe ds iqLrdfudk la;ksx dk
cM+k ykHk ekuuk lRdkj Lrou vknjkfnd djuk lks Kku fou;
gSA cgqfj viuh 'kfDrçek.k pkfj=k èkkj.k esa g"kZ djuk] fnu&fnu
pkfj=k dh mTToyrk ds vfFZk fo"k; d"kk;fudwa ?kVkouk rFkk
pkfj=k ds èkkjdfu ds xq.kfu esa vuqjkx Lrou vknj djuk lks
pkfj=k fou; gS A cgqfj bPNkdwa jksfd feys gq, fo"k;fu esa larks"k
èkkj.kdfj è;ku Lokè;k; esa m|eh gks;] dke ds thrusdwa vj
bfUæ;fu ds fo"k;fu esa ço`fÙk jksdusdwa] vu'kukfnd ri esa m|e
djuk lks rifou; gSA cgqfj bu P;kfj vkjkèkuk dk mins'kdfj
eks{kekxZ esa çorZu djkous okys] rFkk ftu ds Lej.k djusrSa
ifj.kkefu dk ey nwfj gks; fo'kq¼rk çxV gks tk; ,sls iap
 (22)

ijes"Bhds ukedh LFkkiukdk fou; oUnuk Lrou djuk lks

mipkj fou; gSA vU; gw¡ mipkjfou; dk cgqr Hksn gSA
vfHkekudwa NksfM v"Ven dk vR;Ur vHkko tkdS gks;]
dBksjrk NwfV dkseyrk tkdS çdV gks; rkdS ueziuk çdV gks;
gSA rkdS lR;kFkZ ,slk fopkj gS ;ks èku ;kSou thou {k.kHkaxqj gS]
deZ ds vèhu gSa] dksÅ tho gerSa Dysf'kr er gksgw] ldy lEcUèk
fo;ksxlfgr gSa] bgk¡ dsrs dky jgwaxk] le; le; dky ds lEeq[k
v[kaM xeu d:a gwa] dksÅ oLrqdk lEcUèk fFkj ukghaa gS] bgka fou;
èkeZ gh Hkxoku~ euq"; tUedk lkj dgk gS] ;ks fou; lalkj :i
o`{kds nXèk djusdaw vfXu gS] ;ks fou; gS lks =kSyksD;orhZ thofu
ds eudh mTToyrk djus okyk gS] vj fou; gS lks leLr
ftu'kkludks ewy gS] fou; jfgrds ftusUæ dh f'k{kk xzg.k ukghaa
gks; gS] fou; jfgr tho leLr nks"kfudk ik=k gSa] fou; gS lks
feF;k J¼ku ds Nsnus dwa 'kwy gSA fou; fcuk euq";:i pkeMk
dks o`{k eku:i vfXu dfj HkLe gks; gS] vj ekud"kk; dfjdS
;gka gh ?kksj nq%[k lgSa gS] vj ijyksdesa fua| tkfr] dqy:i
cqf¼ghu cyghu mitS gSA ts vfHkekuh ;gka fdafpr~ opuek=k gw
ukgha lgSa gS rs fr;Zpxfr esa ukfldk esa ewatdk tsoM+k dk cUèku]
yknu] ekj.k] ykr Bksdjkadk ?kkr] pkeMkdk ejeLFkku esa ?kkr
ijkèhu gqvk HkksxS gS] rFkk pkaMkyfu ds eyhu ?kj esa cUèkursa cUèks
jgS gSa] ftu Åifj eykfn fu| oLrq ykfn;s gSaA vkSj blyksd eS gw
vfHkekuh ds leLr yksd oSjh gks tk; gSA vfHkekuhdwa leLr funSa
 (23)

gSa] egkvi;'k çxV gks tk; gSA leLr yksx vfHkekuh dk iru
pkgS gSaA eku d"kk;rsa Øksèk çxV gks; diV foLrkjS] vfryksHk djS
nqoZpufu esa çorZu djSA yksdesa tsrh vuhfr gS frruh ekud"kk;rsa
gks; gSA ijèku gj.kkfnd gw vius vfHkeku iq"V djusdwa djS gSa A
;krSaS bl thodk cMk cSjh eku d"kk; gSA ;krSaS fou; xq.kesa egku~
vknjdfj viuk nksÅ yksd mTtoy djks A lks fou; nsodks
'kkL=kdks xq#fudks eu opu dk;rSa çR;{k djks vj ijks{k gw¡ djksA
rgka nso tks Hkxoku vjgar leolj.k foHkwfrlfgr
xaèkdqVhds eè; flagklu Åifj varjh{k fojkteku pkSlB
pejfudfj ohT;eku] N=k=k;kfnd çkfrgk;Zfudfj foHkwf"kr]
dksfVlw;Zleku m|ksr dk èkkjd] ijekSnkfjd nsg esa fr"Brk]
}kn'k lHkk dfj lsfor] fnO;èofu dfj vusd thofu dk midkj
djus okys vjgar dks fparou dfj è;ku djuk lks eudfj
ijks{kfou; gSA ;kdk fou;iwoZd Lrou djuk lks opudfj
ijks{kfou; gSA vatqfy tksfM eLrd p<k; ueLdkj djuk lks
dk;dfj ijks{kfou; gSA cgqfj tks ftusUæ ds çfrfcac dh ije'kkar
eqækdaw çR;{k us=kfurSa voyksdfudfj egkvkuUnrS euesa è;k;
dfj vkidwa d`rd`R; ekuuk lks eudfj çR;{k fou; gSA ftusUæ
dk çfrfcac lUeq[k gks; Lrou djuk lks çR;{k opu fou; gSA
vatfy eLrd p<k; oUnuk djuk rFkk Hkwfeesa vatfylfgr
eLrd xksMkfudk Li'kZudfj ueLdkj djuk lks dk; dfj
çR;{kfou; gSA rFkk loZK ohrjkx ijekRek ftusUædk uke Lej.k]
 (24)

è;ku] oUnuk Lrou djuk lks leLr ijks{kfou; gSA ,sls nsodk
fou; leLr v'kqHkdeZafu dk uk'k djus okyk dák gSA
cgqfj tks fuxZzUFk ohrjkxh equh'ojfudwa çR;{k nsf[k [kM+k
gksuk] vkuUn lfgr lUeq[k tkuk] Lrou djuk] oUnuk djuk]
xq#fudwa vkxSadfj ikNSa pyuk] dnkfpr~ cjkcj pyuk gks; rks
xq#fuds cke rjiQ pyuk] xq#fudwa vius nf{k.kHkkx esa dfjdS
pkyuk cSBuk] xq#fudaw fo|eku gksrs vki mins'k ukghaa djuk]
dksÅ ç'u djS rks xq#fuds gksrs vki mÙkj ukghaa nsuk] vj xq#fudks
bPNkds vuqdway mÙkj nsuk] xq#fuds gksrs mPp vklu ukghaa cSBuk]
vj xq# O;k[;ku mins'kkfnd djS rkdwa vatqfytksfM+ cgqr
vknjrSa xzg.k djuk] xq#fudk xq.kfuesa vuqjkx dfj vkKkds
vuqdway çorZu djuk vj xq# nwj {ks=k esa gks; rks okadh tks vkKk
gks; rSls çorZu djuk] nwj ghrSa xq#fu dk è;ku Lrou ueLdkjkfn
fou; djuk lks xq#fudk fou; gS A
cgqfj 'kkL=kdk fou; djuk] cM+k vknjrsa iBu Jo.k
djuk] æO; {ks=k dky Hkkodaw nsf[k O;k[;kukfn djuk] 'kkL=kdk
dák ozr la;ekfnd vkirSa ukghaa cfu ldS rks vkKk dk mYy~a?ku
ukghaa djuk] lw=kdh vkKk gks;frl çek.k gh dguk rFkk tks lw=k
dh vkKk gks; rkdwa ,dkxzfprrSa Jo.k djuk] vU; dFkk ukghaa
djuk] vknj iwoZd ekSurSa Jo.k djuk] vj tks la'k; gks; rks
la'k; nwj djusdaw fou; iwoZd vYi v{kjfudfj tSls lHkkds vj
yksdfudS vj oÙkQkdSa {kksHk ukghaa mitaS rSlsa fou;iwoZd ç'u
 (25)

djuk] mÙkjdwa vknjrSa vaxhdkj djuk lks 'kkL=k dk fou; gSA rFkk
'kkL=kdwa mPp vkluij èkfj uhpk cSBuk ç'kalk Lrou djuk
bR;kfnd 'kkL=k dk fou; djuk ,sls nso xq# 'kkL=kdk fou; gS lks
èkeZdk ewy gSA cgqfj tks jkx}s"kdfj vkRekdk ?kkr tSls ukgha gks;
rSlSa çorZu djuk lks vkRek dk fou; gS] tkrSa ,slk fopkjSa gSa vc
;ks esjks tho prqxZfr esa efr ifjHkze.k djks] vc esjk vkRek
feF;kRo d"kk; vfou;kfnd dfj lalkj ifjHkze.k ds nq%[k efr
çkIr gksgw ,sls fparou djrk feF;kRo d"kk; vfou;kfnd dfj
vkRek dk Kkukfnd xq.k ?kkr ukghaa djuk lks vkRek dk fou; gSA
;kghdwa fu'p; fou; dfg;s gS ;g rks ijekFkZ fou; dák A
vc ;gka ,slk fo'ks"k tkuuk A tkds eku d"kk; ?kfV tk;
rkgh ds O;ogkj fou; gSA dksÅ tho dk ekSrSa vieku efr gksgw]
tks vU; dk lUeku djSxk lks vkigw lUekudwa çkIr gks;xk A tks
vU; dk vieku djSxk lks vkigw viekudwa çkIr gks; gS A tks
leLrdwa fe"Vopu cksyuk lks fou; gSA fdlh thodwa frjLdkj
ukghaa djuk lksgw fou; gh gSA vius ?kj vk;k rkdk ;Fkk;ksX;
lRdkj djuk] fdlhdwa lUeq[k tk; Y;kouk] fdlhdwa mfB [kMk
gksuk ,d gLrdwa ekFkSa p<okuk] fdlhdwa vkb, 3 bR;kfnd rhu
okj dfg vaMhdkj õ djuk] dksÅdwa vknjdfj uthd cSBkouk]
fdlhdaw vklunku nsuk] fdlh dks vkoks cSBks] fdlh ds 'kjhjdh
dq'kyrk iwNuk rFkk ge vkids gSa gedwa vkKk dfj;s] ;g vki gh
dk x`g gS] ;s x`g vkids vkousrSa mPp Hk;k gS] vkidh d`ik gekjs
 (26)

ij lukrurSa gSa] ,sls O;ogkj fou; gS A rFkk dksÅdaw gLr mBk;

ekFkSa p<kouk ,rk gh fou; gSa vkSj gw nku lUeku dq'ky iwNuk A
jksxh nq%[khdk oS;ko`R; djuk lks Hkh fou;oku gh ds gks; gSaA
nq%f[kr euq"; fr;aZpfudaw fo'okl nsuk] nq%[k Jo.k djuk]
viuk lkeF;Z çek.k midkj djuk] ukghaa cuus dk gks; rks èkhjrk
larks"kkfnd dk mins'k nsuk ,sls O;ogkjfou; gSA lks ijekFkZ
fou;dk dkj.k gS] ;'kdaw mitkoS gS èkeZdks çHkkouk djSa gSA
feF;k n`f"V dk gw vieku ukghaa djuk] fe"Vopu cksyuk]
;Fkk;ksX; vknj lRdkj djuk ;ks gh fou; gSA egkikih nzksgh
nqjkpkjhdaw gw dqopu ukghaa dguk] ,dsfUæ; fcdysfUæ;kfnd
rFkk likZfnd nq"V tho frudks fojkèkuk ukghaa djuk] ;kdh j{kk
dfj çorZuk lksgh Kku dk fou; gSA vU;èkehZfu dk efUnj
çfrekfndrs oSj dfj fuank ukghaa djukA ,slk ijekFkZ O;ogkj nksÅ
çdkj ds fou;dks èkkj.kdfj x`gLFkdwa çorZu djuk ;ksX; gSA
ns[kks ldylax dk ifjR;kxh ohrjkxh equh'ojgwdwa dksÅ
feF;kn`f"V oUnuk djS gSa rkdwa vk'khokZn nsoSa gSaA pkaMky Hkhy
èkhojkfnd vèketkfr gw oUnuk djSa rkdwa iki{k;ksLrq bR;kfnd
vk'khokZn ns gSaA rkraS fou;vax èkj.k djks gks rks ckyd vKkuh
èkeZjfgr dk] rFkk uhp vèke tkfr gks; rkdk gw fou; ukghaa djks
rks gw frjLdkj fuank dnkfpr~ djuk mfpr ukghaa gSA bl euq";
tUedk e.Mu fou; gh gSA fou; fcuk euq"; tUe dh ,d ?kM+h
Hkh gekjs efr tkoks] ,sls Hkxoku x.kèkjnso dgS gSaA ,slh
 (27)

fou;xq.kdh efgek tkfu ;kdk egku v?kZ mrkj.k djksA gs fou;

laiUurk vac! gekjs ân; esa rw gh fujUrj okl dfj] rsjs çlknrSa
vc esjk vkRek dnkfpr~ v"Venfudfj vfHkekudwa efr çkIr
gksgqA ,sls fou;laiUurk uke vMdh
õ nwth Hkkouk o.kZu djh AA2AA
3] 'khyczrs"oufrpkj Hkkouk
vc rhljh 'khyozrs"ourhpkj Hkkouk dgS gSa&&
'khyozrs"ourhpkj dk ,slk vFkZ jktokfrZd esa dák gS&
vfgalkfnd iapozr vj bu ozrfudk ikyuds vfFZk Øksèkfnd"kk;
dk otZukfn :i 'khyfo"kS tks eu opu dk; dh funksZ"k ço`fÙk
lks 'khyozrs"oufrpkj Hkkouk gSA 'khyuke vkRek dk LoHkkodk
gSA vkReLoHkko dk uk'k djusokyk fgalkfnd ikap iki gSa] fruesa
dkelsou uke ,dgh iki fgalkfnd leLrikifudaw iq"V djS gS]
vj Øksèkkfnd"kk;fu dh rhozrk djS gSA rkrSa ;gka t;ekyk esa
czãp;Zdks gh çèkkurkdfj o.kZu dfj;s gS A ;ks 'khy nqxZfrds
nq%[kdk gjus okyk gS] LoxkZfnd 'kqHkxfr dk dkj.k gS
riozrla;e dk thou gS A 'khyfcuk ri djuk] czr èkjuk] la;e
ikyuk] e`rddk vMlekuõ ns[kus ek=kkk gS] dk;Zdkjh ukghaa A 'khy
jfgr dk riozrla;e èkeZdh fuank djkous okyk gS A ,slk tkfu
'khy uke èkeZ dk vMdw õ a ikyu djgw] ij papy eu:i i{khdwa
neks] vfrpkjjfgr 'kq¼'khydaw iq"V djksA èkeZ:iouds foèoal
djusokyk eu:i enksUeÙk gLrhdwa jksdksA pyk;eku gqvk eu:i
gLrh egku~ vuFkZ djS gS A gLrh enoku gks; rfn Bk.kesarSa fudfy
 (28)

HkkxS gS] vj eu:igLrh dkedfj mUeÙk gks; rc leHkko:ih

Bk.krSa fudfy HkkxS gSa A rFkk dqy dh e;kZnk] lUrks"kkfn NkafM
fudlS gSA enksUeÙk gLrh rks lkady rqMk; tk; gS] vj eu:i
gLrh lqcqf¼ :i lkady rksfM fopjS gSA gLrh rks ekxZesa
pykousokyk egkordwa uk[kS gS] vj dkehdk eu lE;XèkeZ ds
ekxZ esa çorkZous okyk Kkudaw NkaMS gS A gLrh rks vadq'k dwa ukghaa
ekuS gS] vj eu:i gLrh xq#fu ds f'k{kkdkjh opudwa ukghaa ekuS
gSA gLrh rks egkiQy vj Nk;kdk nsusokyk o`{kdwa m[kkfM iVdS
gS] vj dkedfj O;kIr eu gS lks LoxZeks{k:i iQy dk nsus okyk
vj ;'k :i lqxUèkdaw foLrkjrk ldy fo"k;ka dh vkrkidaw gjus
okyk czãp;Z:i o`{kdwa m[kkfM MkyS gSA gLrh rks ey dnZekfnd
nwj djus okyk ljksoj esa Luku dfj eLrd Åifj èkwy uk[krk
èkwfyjtlwa ØhMk djS gS] vj dkedfj O;kIr eu fl¼kUr :i
ljksoj esa voxkgudfj vusd vKku:i eSydaw èkks; djds gw
iki:i èkwfyrSa ØhMk djS gSA gLrh rks d.kZfu dh piyrkdwa èkj.k
djS gS] vj dkela;qDr eu ikapwa bfUæ;fu dk fo"k;fu esa papyrk
èkkj.k djSA gLrh rks gfLruhesa jfr djSa gS] dke;qDr eu
dqcqf¼:i gfLruhesa jpS gSA gLrh gw LoPNUn MksyS] eu gw LoPNUn
MksyS gLrh rks endfjds eÙk gS] dkehdk eu :ikfnd
v"Vendfj eÙk gSA gLrh ds uthd rks dksmQ ifFkd ukghaa vkoS]
nwj Hkkfx tk;] vj dkedfj mUeÙk ds uthd dksÅ ,d gw xq.k
ukghaa jgS gS A ;krSaS bl dke dfj mUeÙk eu:i gLrhdwa oSjkX;:i
 (29)

LrEHkdS ckaèkks] ;ks [kqY;ks gqoks egk vuFkZ djSxkA ;ks dke vuax gS]
;kdS vMxõ ukghaa gS A ;ks rks euflt gS] eughesa ;kdk tUe gSA Kku
dwa eFku djus okyk gS ;kghrSaS ;kdwa eueFk dfgds gSA laoj dks
vfj dfg;s oSjh gS ;krSaS laojkfj dfg;s gSA dkerSa [kksVk niZ tks xoZ
lks mitS gS ;krSaS ;kdwa daniZ dfg;s gSaA ;kdfj vusd euq"; fr;Zap
ijLij fojksèkdfj efj tk; gSa ;krSaS ;kdwa ekj dfg;s gSaA ;kghrSaS
euq";fuesa vU; bafæ;fuds Hkksx rks çxV gS vj dkeds vaxgw <ds
gq, gSaA dkeds vMdk õ ukegw mÙkeiq#"k gSa rs ukghaa mPpkj.k djS gSaA
;k leku vU; iki ukghaa gSA èkeZrSa Hkz"V djus okyk dke gSA ;ks
dke ½f"k eqfu nsork gw¡ dks Hkz"V dj vkids vèkhu djys gSA
;kghrSaS leLr txrdwa thrusokyk ,d dke gS] ;kdk fot;
djusokyk eksgdwa lgt gh thrS gSa] ;kghrSaS dkeds ifjgkjds vfFkZ
euq";uh rFkk nsokaxuk rFkk frxZapuh budk lalxZ laxfr
dkefodkjds mitkous okyh nwjghrSa ifjgkj djksA
L=khfuesa euopudk; dfj jkxdk R;kx djksA vki dq'khy
ds ekxZ esa ukghaa pyuk] vU;dwa dq'khy ds ekxZdk mins'k efr
djksA vU; dksÅ dq'khy ds ekxZ esa çorZu djsa] frudh vuqeksnuk
HkO; tho ukghaa djS gSA ckfydk L=khdwa nsf[k iq=khor~ fufoZdkj
cqf¼ djksA vj ;kSou:i djhUæ Åifj p<+h] yko.; tks
lkSUn;Z:i tyesa tkdk lc vax Mwfc ják ,slh :iorh L=khesa
cfg.kor~ fufoZadkj cqf¼ djgw] vj okdwa lUeku nku efr djks]
opu&dfj vkyki efr djksA 'khyokUk~ gSa frudh n`f"V L=khfu esa
 (30)

çkIr gksrs gh eqfnr gks tk; gSA L=khfu esa opukyki djSxk] L=khds
vaxfudk voyksdu djSaxk rkds 'khydk Hkax gks;xkA rkrSa tks
x`gLFk gS rkdSa rks ,d viuh L=khfouk vU; L=khfudh laxfr rFkk
voyksdu opukyki dfj ifjgkj] vj vU; L=khfudh dFkkdk
LoIugwesa fopkj ukgha jgS gS A vj ,dkaresa ekrk cgu&iq=khdh
lMfr õ gwa ukgha djS gSa A equh'oj rks leLr L=khek=k dk gh lEcU/
ukgha djS gSa] L=khfuesa mins'k ukgha djS gSa A tkrSa L=khdk uke gh
çxV nks"kfudaw dgS gSaA L=kh leku bl thodwa u"V djus okyk vU;
dksÅ vfj dfg;s oSjh ukghaA rkrSa mÙke iq#"k ;kdaw ukjh dgS gSa]
nks"kfudwa çR;{k ns[krs ns[krs vkPNknku djSa rkrSa ;kdk uke L=kh
gSA ;kadk ns[kus dfj iq#"kdks iru gks tk; rkrSa ;kdk uke iRuh gS]
dqej.k djus dk dkj.k gS] rkrSa ;kdk uke dqekjh gSA ;kdh
lMfrdfj
õ ikS#"k cqf¼ cykfnd u"V gks tk; ;krSa ;kdk uke
vcyk gSA lalkj ds oU/ dk dkj.k gS ;krSa ;kdk uke o/w gSA
dqfVyrk ek;kpkj dk LoHkko /kjS gSa ;krSa ;kdk uke okek gS
;kdk us=kfuesa dqfVyrk clS gS ;krSa ;kdk uke okeykspuk gSA
'khyoardaw baæ ueLdkj djS gSaA 'khyoku iq#"k jRu=k;:i
/u ys; dkekfnd yqVsjkfudk Hk;jfgr fuokZ.kiqjh çfr xeu djSa
gSa 'khydfj Hkwf"kr :ijfgr gks; rFkk eyhu gks; jksxkfnddfj
O;kIr gks tk; rks gw viuk lalxZdfj leLr lHkkfuoklksfudaw
eksfgr djS gS] lqf[kr djS gSA vj 'khyjfgr O;fHkpkjh :idfj
dkenso leku gS rks gw yksdfuesa FkqFkdkja dfj;s gSaA tkrSa ;kdk
 (31)

uke gh dq'khy gSA 'khy uke LoHkko dk gSA dkeh euq"; dk 'khy
tks vkRek dk LoHkko lks [kksVk gks tk; gSA ;krSaS ;kdwa dq'khy
dfg;s gSaA cgqfj dkeh euq"; èkeZrSa] vkRek dk LoHkkorSa] O;ogkj
dh 'kq¼rkrSa pfy tk; gS ;krSaS ;kdwa O;fHkpkjh dfg;s gSaA ;ka
leku txesa dqdeZ ukghaa] rkrSa dkedwa dqdeZ dfg;s gS ;krSaS euq";
i'kqds leku gks tk;] ;krSaS ;kdwa i'kqdeZ dfg;s gS czã tks vkRek
rkdk Kku n'kZukfnLoHkko rkdk ?kkr ;krSaS gks; gS rkrSa ;kdwa vczã
dfg;s gSA tkrSa dq'khyhdh laxfrrS dq'khyh gks; tk; gSA tks 'khy
dh j{kk djh lks gh nh{kk ri ozr la;e leLr ikY;kA cgqfj tks
viuk LoHkkorSa ukghaa pyk;eku gksuk rkdwa equh'oj 'khy dgS gSaA
'khy uke dk xq.k leLr xq.kfueSa cM+k gSA 'khydfjlfgr iq#"kdk
rks Fkksjk gw ozr ri çpqj iQydwa iQySa gSa] vj 'khy fcuk cgqr gw ri
ozr gS lks fu"iQy gSA bl çdkj tkfu vius vkRekesa 'khydh
'kq¼rkds vfFZk 'khyghdwa fuR; iwtgwA ;ks 'khyozr euq"; tUeghesa
gS] vU;xfr esa ukghaa gS rkrSa tUe liQy fd;k pkgks gks rks 'khydh
gh mTtoyrk djksA ,slSa 'khyozrs"ourhpkj uke rhljh Hkkouk
o.kZu djh AA3AA
4- vHkh{.kKkuksi;ksx Hkkouk
vc vHkh{.kKkuksi;ksx uke pkSFkh Hkkouk dk o.kZu djSa gSA Hkks
vkReUk~! ;ks euq";tUe ik; fujUrj KkukH;kl gh djks] Kku dk
vH;kl fcuk ,d{k.k gw O;rhr efr djksA Kkuds vH;klfcuk
euq"; i'kqleku gS] ;krSaS ;ksX; dky esa ftuvkxe dks ikB djks]
 (32)

vj leHkko gks; rfn è;ku djks] vj 'kkL=kfu ds vFkZ dk fparou

djks] vj cgqr Kkuh xq#tu fruesa uezrk oUnuk fou;kfnd djks]
vj èkeZ Jo.k djus ds bPNqddwa èkeZ dk mins'k djksA ;kghdwa
vHkh{.kKkuksi;ksx dgS gSaA bl vHkh{.kKkuksi;ksx uke xq.k dk
v"VæO;furSa iwtu djdS ;kdk v?kZ mrkju djks vkSj iq"ifudks
vatfy vxzHkkxfo"kS {ksi.k djksA bgka Kkuksi;ksx gS lks pSrU; dh
ifj.kfr gS ;kgharSa {k.k&{k.k esa fujUrj pSrU;dh Hkkouk djukA
esjs vukfndkyrSa dke Øksèk vfHkeku yksHkkfnd lax yfx jgS gSa]
budk laLdkj vukfnrSa esjs pSrU;:i esa ?kqfy jgs gSa] vc ,slh
Hkkouk gksgw tks Hkxoku ds ijekxe dk lsou dk çHkkorSa esjk
vkRek jkx}s"kkfndrSa fHkUu viuk Kk;d LoHkko:igh esa Bgfj
tk;] vj jkxkfndfu ds o'khHkwr ukghaa gks;] lks gh esjh vkRek dk
fgr gSA vFkok uohu f'k";fuds vkxs Jqrdk vFkZ ,slk çdk'k
djuk tks la'k;kfnd jfgr f'k";fu dk ân; esa ;Fkkor~ Loij
inkFkZ dk Lo:i çxV gks tk;] iki iq.;dk Lo:i]
yksd&vyksddk Lo:i] eqfu&Jkod dk èkeZdks lR;kFkZ fu.kZ;
gks tk; rSlsa KkukH;kl djuk A rFkk vius fpÙk esa lalkj Hkksx
nsgrSa fojÙkQrk fparou djuk A lalkj nsg Hkksxfu dk ;FkkFkZ
Lo:i dk fparou djusrSa jkx}s"keksg Kkudwa foijhr ukghaa dfj
lds gSaA
leLr æO;fuesa ,d feY;k gqvk gw vkRek dk fHkUu vuqHko
gks; lks gh Kkuksi;ksx gS A KkukE;kl djds fo"k;fudh ckaNk u"V
 (33)

gks; gS d"kk;fudk vHkko gks; gSA ek;k feF;kRo funku rhu 'kY;
Kkuds vH;kl dfj u"V gks; gSaA Kkuds vH;kl ghrSa eu fLFkj
gks; gSA Kkuds vH;kl djds gh vusd çdkj ds fodYi u"V gks;
gSaA KkukH;kl djds èkeZ è;ku esa] 'kqDyè;ku esa vpy gks; fr"BS
gSA KkukH;klrSa gh czrla;els pyk;eku ukghaa gks; gS] KkukH;kl
djds gh ftusUædk 'kklu vkKk (çorSZ) gSA v'kqHkdeZdk uk'kgw
KkukH;kl djds gh gks;A çHkkoukgw ftuèkeZdk Kkuds
vH;kldjds gh gks; A Kkudk vH;klrSa yksdfudk ân;esarS
iwoZlap; fd;k ,slk rks iki&½.k u"V gks tk; gSA vKkuh ?kksj
ridfj dksfV iwoZesa ftl deZdwa f[kikoS frl deZdwa Kkuh
vUreqZgwrZ esa f[kikoS gSA ftu èkeZ dk LFkEHk Kku dk vH;kl gh gSA
Kku gh ds çHkkorsa leLr fo"k;fu dh ckaNkjfgr gks; larks"k
èkkj.k dfj;s gS A KkughrS mÙke{kekfn xq.k çxV gks; gS]
KkukH;klrsa gh Hk{;&vHk{;] ;ksX;&v;ksX;] R;kxus ;ksX;&xzg.k
djus ;ksX;dk fopkj gks; gSA Kku fCkuk ijekFkZ vj O;ogkj nksÅ
u"V tk; gS A Kkujfgr jkt iq=k gw dk fujknj gks; gSA Kku leku
dksÅ èku ukghaa gS] Kku dk nku leku dksÅ nku ukghaa gS] nq%f[kr
thodwa lqf[krdwa lnk Kku gh 'kj.k gS A Kku gh Lons'k esa vU;
ns'k esa vknj djkous okyk ije èku gSA Kku èku gS lks fdlh dfj
pksj;k tk; ukgha] fdlhdwafn;s ?kVS ukghaa A Kku gh lE;Xn'kZu
mitkoS gS A KkughrSa eks{k gks; gSA lE;XKku vkRek dk vfouk'kh
Lokèkhu èku gS A Kkufcuk lalkj leqæ esa Mwcus dwa gLrkoyacu ns;
 (34)

dkSu j{kk djs\ fo|k leku vkHkw"k.k ukghaaA fo|k fcuk vkHkw"k.k
ek=k gh lRiq#"kfu ds vknjus ;ksX; gks; ukgha gS A fuèkZudS ije
fuèkku çkIr djkus okyk ,d lE;XKku gh gS A ;krSa gs HkO;thoks !
Hkxoku~ d#.kkfuèkku ohrjkx xq# rqedwa ;k f'k{kk djsa gSa&viuh
vkRekdwa lE;XKku ds vH;klgh esa yxkoks vj feF;kn`f"Vfudfj
ç:I;k feF;kKku dk nwj gksrs ifjgkj djksA lE;d~ feF;k dh
ijh{kk dfj xzg.k djks] viuk larkudwa i<koks] vU; tufudwa
fo|kdk vH;kl djkoksA ts èkuoku gks; vius èkudwa liQy
dj;k pkgks gks rks i<us i<kus okysdwa vkthfodkfnd ns;dfj
fFkjrk djkoks] iqLrd fy[kk; fo|k i<us okys dwansoks]
iqLrdfudwa 'kq¼ djks djkoks] iBu ikBuds vfFk LFkku nsoks]
fujUrj iBu Jo.kesa gh euq"; tUedk dky O;rhr djksA ;ks
volj O;rhr gksrks pY;ks tk; gS A tsrs vk;q dk; bfUæ;ka cqf¼
cu jgh gSa rsrs euq"; tUedks ,d ?kM+h gwa lE;XKkufcuk efr
[kks o ks A Kku:i èku ijyks d es a gw ykj tk;xkA bl
vHkh{.kKkuksi;ksxdh efgek dksfV ftàkfudfj gw o.kZu ukgha
djh tk; gS A ;kghrSa Kkuksi;ksx dh ije'kj.k ds vfFk x`gLFk gks;
lks Hkkouk Hkk; vj v?kZ mrkj.k djsa A vj x`gdS R;kxh gks; rs
fujUrj Hkkouk HkkoksA ,sls vHkh{.kKkuksi;ksx uke pkSFkh Hkkouk
o.kZu djh AA4AA
5- laosx Hkkouk
vc iapeh laosx Hkkoukdk o.kZu djS gSa&&tks lalkj nsg
 (34)

HkksxfurSa fojDriuk lks laosx gS rFkk èkeZ esa vj èkeZ dk iQy esa
vuqjkx lks laosx gS A vFkok lalkj nsg HkksxfurSa fojDr gks; dfj
èkeZesa vuqjkx lks laosx gS A lalkj esa ftl iq=klw jkx dfj;s gS lks
tUe ysrs gh rks L=khdk ;kSou lkSan;kZfnd fcxkMS A vj tUe gq,
ikNS cM+h vkdqyrk dfj] cM+k d"V dfj èku dk [kjpdfj iq=kdwa
cèkkb;s gS] vj jksxkfcdfudk cM+k tkcrk vj {k.k&{k.k esa cM+h
lkoèkkuhrSa egkeksgh egkjkxh Xykfujfgr gks; cM+k d"V lfgdfj
cM+k dfj;s gS A cMk gks; rfn vkNk Hkkstu] vkNk vkHkj.k]
vkNk LFkkudwa gBkr~ xzg.k djs gS A vj tks ew[kZ gks;] O;luh gks;]
rhozd"kk;h gks; rks jkf=k fnu Dys'k gksus dk ifjek.k ukgha dgus esa
vkoS gSA iq=kds eksgrSa ifjxzgesa cM+h ewNkZ cèkS gS A vj leFkZ gks
tk;] vj viuh vkKkesa eUn gks; rks egk vkrZ:i gqvk ej.k
i;aZr Dys'k ukgh NkaMS gS A vj tks firkdwa viuk dk;Z djusokyk
le>s tsrs çhfr djS gS] vleFkZ gks tk; rklw jkx ukgha dj]
èkujfgrdk fujknj djS gS A ;krSa iq=kdk Lo:idwa lef> jkx
R;kfx ije èkeZlw jkx djks A iq=k ds vfFk vU;k;rsa èkukfnifjxzgds
xzg.kdk ifjR;kx djksA
cgqfj L=kh gw eksguke fBxdh egkik'kh gS] eerk mitkus
okyh gS] r`".kkdwa cèkkous okyh gS A ;krSa L=kh esa rhozjkx gS lks èkeZesa
ço`fÙkdk uk'kdjS gSa] yksHkdwa vR;Ur cèkkos gS] ifjxzg esa ewNkZ
cèkkoS gS] è;ku Lokè;k; esa fo?udjS gS] fo"k;fuesa vaèk djus
okyh gS] Øksèkkfn P;kjksa d"kk;fudh rhozrk djusokyh gS] la;e
 (34)

dk ?kkr djusokyh gS% dygdks ewy gS nqè;kZudks LFkku gS] ej.k

fcxkMus okyh gS A bR;kfnd nks"kfu dk ewydkj.k tkfu L=kh ds
laxesa jkxHkko NkafM ohrjkx èkeZlw viuk lEcUèk djks A cgqfj
dfydky ds fe=k gw fo"k;fu esa my>kougkjs gSa] leLr
O;lufuesa lgdkjh gSa] èkuoku ns[ksa gSa frurSa vusd çdkj fe=krk
djS gSa] fuèkZursa dksÅ laHkk"k.k gw ukgha djS gS A rkrSa Hkks Kkuh tu
gks ! tks lalkj irudks Hk; gS rks vU; leLrrS fe=krk NkafM
ijeèkeZesa vuqjkx djks A vj lalkj fujUrj tUe&ej.k :i gS A
tUefnurs gh ej.k ds lUeq[k fujUrj ç;k.k djS gS A vuUrkuUr
dky tUe ej.k djrs Hk;k A rkrS iap ifjorZu :i lalkjrsa
fojkxrk HkkoksA vj ;s iapbfUæ;fuds fo"k; gSa rs vkRekdk
Lo:idwa Hkqykous okys gSa] r`".kk ds cèkkous okys gSaA vr`fIrrk ds
djusokys gSa A fo"k;fudhlh vkrki =kSyksD;esa vU; ukgha gSA fo"k;
gSa rs ujdkfndqxfr ds dkj.k gSa èkeZ% rSa ijkM~eq[k djS gSa
d"kk;fudwa cèkkous okys gSa] viuk dY;k.k pkgSa frudwanwjghrSa
R;kxus;ksX; gS&Kkudwa foijhr djus okys gSa] fo"kds leku
ekjusokys gSa] vj vfXuleku nkg ds mitkusokys gSaA rkrS
fo"k;fur jkx NksMuk gh ije dY;k.k gS A vj 'kjhj gS lks jksxfu
dk LFkku gS egk&eyhu nqxZUèk lIrèkkrqe; gS] eyew=kkfnd dfj
Hkj;k gS] okrfiÙkdiQe; gS] iouds vkèkkjrsa gyu pyukfnd
djS gS] lklrk {kqèkr`"kkdks osnuk mitkoS gS] leLr v'kqfprk dk
iqat gS] fnu fnu th.kZ gksrk pY;k tk; gS] dksfVfu mik; djds gw¡
 (34)

j{kk fd;k gqvk ej.k çkIr gks; gS A ,slk nsgrSa fojkxrk gh Js"B
gSA ,sls iq=k fe=k dy=k lalkj Hkksx 'kjhjdk nq%[k djusokyk Lo:i
tkfu fojkxHkkodwa çkIr gksuk lks laosx gS A laosx Hkkoukdwa fujUrj
fpru djuk gh Js"B gS A ;krSa esjs ân; esa fujUrj laosx Hkkouk
fr"Bks] ,slk fparou lalkj nsg HkksxfurS fojDrrk gks; rfn ije
èkeZesa vuqjkx gks; gSA èkeZ&'kCndk vFkZ ,slk tkuuk&tks oLrqdk
LoHkko gS lks èkeZ gS] rFkk mÙke {kekfn n'ky{k.k :i èkeZ gS]
rFkk jRu=k;:i èkeZ gS] rFkk thofudk n;k:i èkeZ gSA ,sls i;kZ;
cqf¼ f'k";fuds le>kousds vfFk èkeZ 'kCndwa P;kj çdkj dfj
o.kZu fd;k gS rks gw¡ oLrq tks vkRek rkdk LoHkko gh n'ky{k.k gS
A {kekfn n'kçdkj vkRek dk gh LoHkko gS A vj lE;Xn'kZu Kku
pkfj=k gw vkRekrSa fHkUu ukgha gS A vj n;k gS lks gw¡ vkRekgh dk
LoHkko gS A lks ,slk ftusUæ dfj dák vkRekdk LoHkko:i
n'ky{k.k èkeZesa tks vuqjkx lks laosx èkeZ gS A vj diVjfgr jRu
=k;èkeZ esa vuqjkx djuk lks laosx èkeZ gS A rFkk eqfu'ojfudk vj
Jkoddk èkeZesa vuqjkx lks laosx gSA rFkk thofudh j{kk djus:i
thofu dh n;kesa ifj.kke gksuk lks Hkxoku laosx dák gS A vFkok
oLrq tks vkRek rkdk LoHkko dsoyKku dsoyn'kZu gS] frl
LoHkko esa yhu gksuk lks ç'kalk djus ;ksX; laosx gSA tkrSa èkeZesa
vuqjkx ifj.kke lks laosx gS A rFkk èkeZdk iQydwa vR;Ur fe"V
tkuuk lks laosx gS A ;s rhFkaZdjiuk pØorhZ gksuk ukjk;.k
çfrukjk;.k cyHkækfnd mituk lks èkeZ gksdk iQy gS A rFkk
 (34)

ckèkk jfgr dsoyh gksuk rFkk LoxkZfndfu esa egku Íf¼ dk

èkkjd nso gksuk rFkk bUæ gksuk rFkk vuqÙkjkfnd foeku esa vgfeaæ
gksuk lks leLr iwoZ tUeesa vkjkèku fd;k èkeZdk gh iQy gSA
cgqfj vkSj gw tks HkksxHkwfe vkfnd esa mituk] jktlaink
ikouk] v[kaM ,s'o;Z ikouk] vusd ns'kfuesa vkKk çorZu] çpqj
èkulaink ikouk] :idh vfèkdrk ikouh] cydh vfèkdrk]
prqjrk] egku~ iafMriuk] loZ yksdesa ekU;rk] fueZy ;'k dh
fo[;krrk] cqf¼ dks mTToyrk] vkKkdkjh èkekZRek dqVqEc dk
la;ksx gksuk] lRiq#"kfu dh laxfr feyuk] jksxjfgr gksuk] nh?kZ
vk;q] fe"Vrk bR;kfnd mÙkelkexzh dk ikouk gS lks gw dksÅ
èkeZesa çhfr djh gS rFkk èkekZRekfudk lsou fd;k gS] èkeZdks rFkk
èkekZRekfudks ç'kalk dh gS] rkdk iQy gSA dYio`{k fparkef.k
leLr èkekZRekds }kjs [kM+s tkugw èkeZds iQy dh efgek dksÅ
dksfV ftàkfudfj dgusdwa leFkZ ukgha gksb;s gSA ,sls èkeZds iQydwa
=kSyksD; esa mRd`"V tkuS gS rkds laosx Hkkouk gks; gSA cgqfj èkeZ
lfgr lkèkehZfudwa nsf[k vkuUn mituk] rFkk èkeZ dh dFkuh esa
vkuUne; gksuk vkSj Hkksxfursa fojDr gksuk lks laosx ukek iape
vax gSA ;kdwa vkRekdk fgr lef> ;kdh fujUrj Hkkouk HkkoksA
vj Hkkouk ds vkuUndfj lfgr gks; ;kdh çkfIr ds vfFkZ ;kdk
egk v?kZ mrkj.k djksA ,sls laosxukek iape Hkkouk o.kZu djh॥5॥
6- 'kfDrrLR;kx Hkkouk
vc 'kfDrçek.kR;kx Hkkouk o.kZu dfj;s gSA R;kx uke
 (34)

Hkkouk ç'kalk;ksX; euq"; tUe dk e.Mu gS A vius ân; esa

R;kxHkko jpusds vfFZk vusd mRlo:i okfn=kkfudwa ctk; ;kdk
egku v?kZ mrkj.k djksA cká vH;Urj nks; çdkjdk ifjxzgrSa
eerk NkafMus dfj R;kxèkeZ gks; gSA vUrjax ifjxzg pkSng çdkj gS
lks ,sls tkuuk A tk.;k fcuk xzg.k R;kx o`Fkk gS A feF;kRo] vj
L=khosn] iq#"kosn] uiqaldosn:i ifj.kke lks osnifjxzg gSA gkL;]
jfr] vjfr] 'kksd] Hk;] tqxqIlk] jkx] }s"k] Øksèk] eku] ek;k]
yksHk ,sls pkSng çdkj vUrjax ifjxzg tkuukA rgka tks 'kjhjkfnd
ijæO;fu esa vkRecqf¼ djuk lks feF;kRo uke ifjxzg gS A ;|fi
tks oLrq gS lks viuk æO;] viuk xq.k] viuk i;kZ; gS lks gh
viuk Lo:i gSA tSls Lo.kZuke æO; gS] lqo.kZds ihrkfnd xq.k gSa]
dq.Mykfn i;kZ; gSa lks leLr lqo.kZ gh gSa] ;krSa lqo.kZ vU;oLrq
dk ukgha] vU; oLrq lqo.kZdk ukgh] lqo.kZ gS lks lqo.kZ ghdk gS]
vU; oLrqdk dksm gqvk ukgh] gksgS ukgha] gks;xk ukghaA
viukLo:i gS lks gh vkidk gSA ,slSa vkRek gS lks vkRek gh dk
gS] vkRekdk vU; dksÅ gh æO; ukgha gSA vc tks nsgdwa vkik ekuSa
gS] tks eSa xksjk] eSa lkoyk] eSa jktk] eSa jad] eSa Lokeh] eSa lsod] eSa
{kf=k;] eSa oS';] eSa 'kwæ] eSa o`¼] eSa cky] eSa cyoku] eSa fucZy] eSa
euq";] eSa fr;aZp bR;kfnd deZd`r fouk'khd ijæO;d`r i;kZ; esa
vkRecqf¼ djuk lks gh feF;kRouke ifjxzg gSA feF;kn'kZurSa gh
esjk x`g] esjk iq=k] esjk jkt] eSa Åap] eSa uhp bR;kfnd uke ekfu
leLr ijinkFkZfuesa vkRe cqf¼ djS gS] iqn~xydk uk'kdwa viuk
 (34)

uk'k ekuS gS] ;kds c/usrSa viuk c/uk] ?kVusrSa ?kVuk ekfu i;kZ;
esa vkRecqf¼ dfj vukfndkyrSa vkik Hkwfy ják gSA ;krSa leLr
ifjxzg esa vkRecqf¼ dk ewy feF;kRo uke ifjxzg gS tkdS
feF;kKku ukgha lks ijæO;fuesa ^gekjk* ,slSa dgrk gqvkgw
ijæO;fuesa dnkfpr~ vkik ukgha ekuS gSA
cgqfj osn ds mn;rSa L=kh iq#"kfu esa tks dkelsou ds
ifj.kke gks; gSa frl dke esa rUe; gks; dkeds Hkkodwa vkReHkko
ekuuk lks osnifjxzg gSA dke rks oh;kZfnddk çsjÔk nsg dk
fodkj gSA bldwa viuk Lo:i tkuS lks osnifjxzg gS A cgqfj /u
,s'o;Z iq=k L=kh vkHkj.kkfn ijæO;kfnd esa vklÙkQrk lks jkx
ifjxzg gSA vU; dk foHko ifjokj ,s'o;Z ikf.MR;kfnd nsf[k
oSjHkko djuk lks }s"k ifjxzg gS A gkL; esa vklÙkQ gksuk lks gkL;
ifjxzg gSA viuk ej.k gksusrSa] fe=kfudk ifjxzgkfndfudfj
fo;ksx gksusrSa fujUrj Hk;oku jguk lks Hk;ifjxzg gS
iapbfUæ;fudfj okafNr Hkksx&miHkksx ds Hkksxfu esa yhu gks tkuk
lks jfr ifjxzg gSA vfu"VoLrqdk la;ksx esa ifj.kkefudk
la D ys ' k:i gks u k lks vjfrifjxz g gS A viuk b"V
L=khiq=k&fe=k/uthfodkfnd dk fo;ksx gksrs frudk la;ksx dh
okaNk djds laDys'k:i gksuk lks 'kksd ifjxzg gSA cgqfj ?k`.kkoku~
iqn~xyfuds ns[kusrSa Jo.krSa fparourSa Li'kZurSa ifj.kke esa Xykfu
mituk lks tqxqIlk uke ifjxzg gSA vFkok vU;dk mn; nsf[k
ifj.kke esa Dysf'kr gksuk lqgkos ukgha lks tqxqIlk ifjxzg gS A cgqfj
 (34)

ifj.kke esa jks"kdfj rIr gksuk A lks Øksèk ifjxzg gS A cgqfj mPp
dqy tkfr èku ,s'o;Z :i cy Kku cqf¼ budfj vkidwa vfèkd
tkfu en djuk rFkk ijdwa ?kkfV tkfu fujknj djuk] dBksj
ifj.kke j[kuk lks eku ifjxzg gSA vusd diV Nykfnd dfj
oØifj.kke j[kuk lks ek;k ifjxzg gSA ijæO;fuds xzg.k esa r`".kk
lks yksHk ifjxzg gSA ,slSa lkalkfjd Hkze.k ds dkj.k vkRekds
Kkukfnd xq.kfuds ?kkrd pkSng çdkj vUrjaxifjxzg gSa A vj
bughrSa ewNkZ ds dkj.k èkuèkkU;&{ks=klqo.kkZfnd L=khiq=kkfnd psru
vpsru cká ifjxzg gSaA ,sls vUrjax cfgjax nks; çdkj ds
ifjxzgds R;kxusrs R;kx èkeZ gks; gS A ;|fi ckáifjxzgjfgr rks
nfjæh euq"; LoHkko ghrSa gks; gS ijUrq vH;arj ifjxzgdk R;kx
cgqr nqyZHk gSA ;krSa nks; çdkj ifjxzg dk ,d ns'kR;kx rks
Jkodds gks; gS vj ldyR;kx equh'ojfuds gks; gSA
cgqfj d"kk;fu dk R;kxrs R;kxèkeZ gks; gS A cgq f j bfUæ&
;fudwa fo"k;furSa jksdus dfj R;kx gks; gSA cgqfj jlfudk
R;kxdfj R;kxèkeZ gks; gS A tkrSa jluk bfUæ; dh yksyqirk thrusrSa
leLr ikifudk R;kx lgt gks; gS cgqfj ftusUædk ijekxedk
vè;;u djuk] vU;dwa vè;;u djkouk 'kkL=kfudwa fy[kk; nsuk]
'kks/uk 'kq/kouk lks ije midkj djus okyk R;kx/eZ gks; gSA
cgqfj euds nq"VfodYifudk vHkko djuk] nq"VfodYifu ds
dkj.k NkafM pkfj vuq;ksxdh pjpkesa fpÙk yxkouk lks R;kx/eZ
gS A cgqfj eksgdk uk'k djus okyk /eZdk mins'k Jkodfudw nsuk
 (34)

lks egkiq.;dk mitkus okyk R;kx/eZ gSA ohrjkx /eZdk mins'k &
vusdçk.khfudk ifj.kke ikirSa Hk;Hkhr gks; gS /eZds çHkkodwa
vusd çk.kh çkIr gks; gSaA cgqfj mÙke eè;e t?kU; ,sls rhu çdkj
ds ik=kfudwa HkfÙkQdfj ;qÙkQ gks; vkgkjnku nsuk] çklqd vkS"kf/
nsuk] Kkuds midj.k fl¼kUr ds i<us ;ksX; iqLrddk nku nsuk]
eqfuds ;ksX; rFkk Jkod ds ;ksX; ofLrdk nku nsuk] xq.kfu ds
/kjdfudwa ridks o`f¼ djus okyk] Lokè;k;esa yhu djus okyk]
è;kudks o`f¼dk dkj.k vkgkjkfnd pkfj çdkj dk nku
ijeHkfÙkQrsa fodflrfpÙk gqvk viuk tUedwa d`rkFkZ ekurk
x`gkpkjdw liQy ekurk cM+k vknjrsa ik=knku djksA ik=knku gksuk
egkHkkX;rSa ftudk Hkyk gksuk gS fruds gks; gSA ik=kdk ykHk gksuk
gh nqyZHk gSA vj HkfDr lfgr ik=knku gks; tk; rkdh efgek
dgusdwa dkSu leFkZ gS\ cgqfj {kqèkk&r`"kkdfj tks ihfMr gks; rFkk
jksxh gks; nfjæh gks;] o`¼ gks;] nhu gks;] frudwa vuqdEik
dfjnku nsuk lks leLr R;kxèkeZ gS A R;kxghrSa euq"; tUe liQy
gSA R;kxghrSa èku èkU;kfnd ikouk liQy gS A R;kx fcuk x`gLFkdk
x`g gS lks 'elku leku gS] vj x`gLFkhdk Lokeh iq#"k e`rd leku
gS] vj L=kh&iq=kkfnd x`¼i{kh leku gSaA lks ;kdk èku:i ekal
pwafV pawfV [kk; gSa A ,slSa R;kx Hkkouk o.kZu djh AA6AA
7- 'kfDrrLri Hkkouk
vc 'kfDrçek.kri Hkkouk vaxhdkj djukA D;ksafd ;ks
'kjhj nq%[k dks dkj.k gSA vusd nq%[k ;ks 'kjhj mitkoS gSA vj ;ks
 (34)

'kjhj vfuR; gS] vfLFkj gS] v'kqfp gS] d`r?uor~ gS] dksV~;ka
midkj djrk gw¡ tSlsa d`r?u viuk ukgha gks; gS rSls nsgds ukuk
midkj lsok djrk gw viuk ukgha gks; gSA ;kraS ;Fks"V fofèk dfj
;kdwa iq"V djuk ;ksX; ukgha] d`'k djus ;ksX; gS] rks gw xq.k&
jRufuds lap; dks dkj.k gSA 'kjhj fcuk jRu=k; èkeZ ukgha gks; gS]
lsod dh T;ksa ;ksX; Hkkstu ns; ;Fkk 'kfDr ftusUæ dk ekxZrSa
fojksèk jfgr dk;Dys'kkfn ri djuk ;ksX; gS A ri fcuk
bfUæ;fudk fo"k;fuesa yksyqirk ?kVS ukgh] ri fcuk =kSyksD;dk
thrusokyk dkedwa u"V djusdwa leFkZrk gks; ukghaA ri fcuk
vkRekdwa vpsr djus okyh fuæk thrh tk; ukgha A vj ri fcuk
'kjhj dk lqf[k;k LoHkko feVS ukgha] tks rids çHkkorSa 'kjhjdwa
lkfèk jk[;k gks; rks {kqèkk r`"kk 'khr m".kkfnd ijh"kg vk;s
dk;jrk mitS ukgh] la;eèkeZrSa pyk;eku gks; ukghaA ri gS lks
deZdks futZjkdk dkj.k gS A rkrS ri gh djuk Js"B gSA
viuh 'kfDrdwa ukgha fNik; dfjdSa tSlsa ftusUæ ds ekxZrSa
fojksèkjfgr gks; rSlsa ri djksA riuke lqHkV dk lgk; fcuk ;s
viuk J¼ku Kku vkpj.k:i èkudwa dke Øksèk çeknkfnd yqVsjs
,d {k.k esa ywfV ysosaxs rfn jRu=k;lainkdfj jfgr prqxZfr:i
lalkj esa nh?kZdky Hkze.k djksxsA ;kghrSa tSls ckr fiÙk diQ ;s
f=knks"k foijhr gks;] jksxkfnd ukgha mitkoS rSlsa ri djuk mfpr
gSA leLrrSa çèkku ri rks fnxEcji.kk gSA dSlk gS fnxEcji.kk \
tks ?kjdh eerk:i ik'khda Nsfn nsg dk leLr lqf[k;ki.kk NkafM
 (34)

viuk 'kjhjrSa 'khr m".k rkoMk o"kkZ iou Mkafl ePNj

ef{kdkfndfu dh ckèkk ds thrusdwa lEeq[k gks; A dksihukfnd
leLr oL=kkfnd dk R;kxdfj] n'kfn'kk:i gh tkesa oL=k gSa ,slk
fnxEcji.kk èkkj.k djuk lks vfr'k; :i ri tkuukA tkdk
Lo:idwa ns[krs Jo.k djrs cM+s cM+s 'kwjohj daik;eku gks tk; gS]
rkrS Hkks 'kfDrdwa çxV djus okys gks ! tks lalkj ds caèku ls NwV~;k
pkgks gks rks ftus'oj lEcUèkh nh{kk èkkj.k djks] tkrSa vaMdk õ
lqf[k;ki.kk u"V gks; milxZ ijh"kg lgus esa dk;jrk dk vHkko
gks;] lks ri gS A tkrSa LoxZyksd dh jaHkk vj fryksÙkek gw vius
gkoHkko foykl foØekfnd dfj eudwa dke dk fodkj lfgr
ukgha dj lds ,slk dkedwa u"V dj lks ri gSA
tks nks; çdkj ds ifjxzg esa bPNk dk vHkko tk; lks ri
gSA ri rks ogh gS tks futZuou vj ioZrfudk dk Hk;adj xqiQk
tgka Hkw r &jk{klkfndfuds vus d fodkj çorS a vj
flag&O;k?kzkfndfu ds Hk;adj çpkj gks; jgS] vj dksV~;ka
o`{kfudfj vUèkdkj gks; ják] vj tgka liZ vtxj jhaN phrk
bR;kfnd Hk;adj nq"Vfr;aZpfu dk lapkj gks; ják] ,sls egk
fo"keLFkkufu esa Hk;jfgr gqvk è;ku Lokè;k; esa fujkdqy gqvk
fr"BS lks ri gSA tks vkgkjdk ykHk&vykHk esa leHkko ds èkkjd]
ehBk] [kkVk] dMqok] d"kk;yk BaMk rkrk ljl uhjl Hkkstu
tykfnd esa ykylk jfgr] larks"k:i ve`rdk iku djrs vkuUn
esa fr"BS lks ri gS A tks nq"V nso] nq"V euq";] nq"V fr;aZpfudfj
 (34)

fd;s ?kksj milxZfudwa vkoks dk;jrk NkafM daik;eku ukgha gksuk

lks ri gSA tkrSa fpjdkydk lap; fd;k deZ futZjS lks ri gSA
cgqfj tks dqopu dgus okys] rkMu ekju vfXu esa Tokyukfn
miæo djus okys esa }s"kcqf¼dfj dyq"k ifj.kke ukgha djuk] vj
Lrqfr iwtukfn djusokys esa jkx Hkkodk ukgha mituk lks ri gSA
cgqfj iap egkozrfudk vj iap lfefrdk ikyu] vj iap
bfUæ;fudk fujksèk djuk] vj Ng vko';ddk le; dh le;
djuk] vj vius eLrdds Mk<h&ewaNds ds'kfudwa vius gLrrS
miokldk fnuesa mikMuk] nks; eghuk iw.kZ Hk, mRd`"V yksap gS]
eè;e rhu eghus x;s yksap djS] t?kU; pkj eghus x;s yksap djS gS
lks yksap djuk gw ri gS A vU; Hks"khfudh T;ksa jksthuk ds'k ukgha
mikMS gS] 'khr dky xzh"edky o"kkZdky esa uXu jguk vj Lukudk
ukgha djuk] vj Hkwfe'k;udfj vYidky fuæk ysuk] nUrfudwa
vaxqyhdfj gw ukgha èkksouk vj ,d okj Hkkstu] [kMk Hkkstu]
jluhjl Lokndwa NksfM+ Hkkstu djS] ,sls vV~BkbZl ewyxq.k v[kaM
ikyuk lks cMk ri gSA bu ewy xq.kfu ds çHkkorSa ?kkfr;kdeZfudk
uk'kdfj dsoyKkudwa çkIr gks; eqDr gks tk; gSA ;krSa Hkks Kkuhtu
gks ! èkeZdks vM;ks
õ ri gSA ;kdh fufoZa?u çkfIrds vfFkZa ;kghdk
Lrou iwtukfnddfj ;kdk egkv?kZ mrkj.k djksA ;krSa nwfj vj
vR;Ur ijks{k gw eks{k rqEgkjs vfrfudVrkdwa çkIr gks; gS A ,sls
'kfDrri ukek lIreh Hkkouk dk o.kZu fd;kAA7AA
8- lkèkq lekfèk Hkkouk
 (34)

lkèkqlekfèkukek v"Veh Hkkoukdwa dgS gSA tSlsa HkaMkj esa

ykxh gqbZ vfXudwa x`gLFk gS lks viuk midkjd oLrq dk uk'k
tkfu vfXudwa cq>kb;s gS_ D;ksafd vusd oLrq dh j{kk gksuk cgqr
midkjd gS] rSls vusd xq.kfudfj lfgr tks ozrh la;eh fruds
dksÅ dkj.krSa fo?u çxV gksrSa fo?udwa nwfjdfj ozr 'khydh j{kk
djuk lks lkèkqlekfèk gSA vFkok x`gLFk ds vius ifj.kkedwa
fcxkMusokyk ej.k vk tk;] milxZ vk tk;] jksx vk tk;]
b"Vfo;ksx gks tk;] vfu"V la;ksx vk tk;] rfn Hk;dwa ukgha çkIr
gksuk lks lkèkqlekfèk gSA lE;XKkuh ,slk fopkj djS gS gs vkReu~ !
rqe v[kaM vfouk'kh Kku&n'kZu LoHkko gks] rqEgkjk ej.k ukgha]
tks miT;k gS lks fou'kSxk] i;kZ;dk fouk'k gS] pSrU; æO;dk
fouk'k ukgha gSaA ikap bfUæ; vj eucy opucy dk;cy
vk;qcy vj mN~okl ;s n'kçk.k gSaA budk uk'kdwa ej.k dfg;s gSA
rqEgkjk Kku n'kZu lq[klÙkk bR;kfnd Hkkoçk.k gSaA frudk
dnkfpr~ uk'k ukgha gSA rkrSansgdk uk'kdwa viuk uk'k ekuuk lks
feF;kKku gSA
Hkks Kkfuu~A gtkjka d`fefudfj HkjÔk gkMekale; nqxZèk
fouk'khd nsgdk uk'k gksrS rqEgkjs dgk Hk;k gS] rqe rks vfouk'kh
Kkue; gksA ;ks e`R;q gS lks cM+k midkjh fe=k gS] tks xY;k lMÔk
nsgesarSa dkf< rqedwa nsokfndfu dk mÙkensg èkkj.k djkoS gSA ej.k
fe=k ukgha gksrk rks bl nsg esa dsrs dky clrk \ vj jksxdk vj
nq%[kfu dk HkjÔk nsgrSa dkSu fudklrk \ vj lekfèk ej.kkfn dfj
 (34)

vkRek dk m¼kj dSlas gksrk \ vj ozrri la;edk mÙke iQy

e`R;quke fe=kdk midkj fcuk dSls ikork] vj ikirSa dkSu
Hk;Hkhr gksrk\ vj e`R;q:i dYio`{k fouk pkfj vkjkèkuk dk
'kj.k xzg.k djk; lalkj:i dnZerSa dkSu dk<rk\ rkrSa lalkjesa
ftudk fpÙk vklDr gS] vj nsgdwa viuk :i tkuS gS] fruds
ej.k dk Hk; gSA lE;Xn`f"V nsgrSa viuk Lo:idwa fHkUu tkfu
Hk;dwa çkIr ukgha gks; gSA fruds lkèkqlekfèk gks; gS A vj tks
ej.kds voljesa dnkfpr~ jksx nq%[kkfnd vkoS gSa lksgw
lE;Xn`f"Vds nsglwa eeRo NqMkous ds vfFkZa gS] vj R;kx
la;ekfnd ds lEeq[k djus ds vfFkZa gS] çekndwa NqMk;
lE;Xn'kZukfnd pkfj vkjkèkuk esa n`<+rk ds vfFZk gSA vj Kkuh
fopkjS gS&tks tUe èkjÔk gS lks vo'; ejSxk] tks dk;j gksgwaxk rks
ej.k ukgha NkaMSxk] vj èkhj gks; jgwaxk rks ej.k ukgha NkaMSxk] rkrSa
nqxZfr dk dkj.k tks dk;jrkrSa ej.k rkdwa fèkDdkj gksgw A vc
,slk lkglrSa e:a tks nsg efj tk; vj esjk Kkun'kZuLo:i dk
ej.k ukgha gks;A ,slSa ej.k djuk mfpr gSA rkrSa mRlkglfgr
lE;Xn`f"V ds ej.kdk Hk; ukgha lks lkèkqlekfèk gSA
cgqfj nsod`r euq";d`r fr;Zapd`r milxZdwa gksrs tkds Hk;
ukgha gks;] iwoZ mitk;k deZdh futZjk gh ekuSa gS rkdS lkèkqlekfèk
gSA cgqfj jksxdk Hk;dwa ukgha çkIr gks; gSA tkrSa Kkuh rks viuk
nsgdwa gh egkjksx ekuS gS] tkrS fujUrj {kqèkk&r`"kkfnd ?kksj jksxdwa
mitkous okyk 'kjhj gSA cgqfj ;ks euq"; 'kjhj gS lks okrfiÙkd&
 (34)

iQkfnd f=knks"ke; gSA vlkrkosnuh; deZ ds mn;rSa f=knks"k dh

?kVrh cèkrhrSa Toj dkal Lokl vfrlkj mnj'kwys f'kj'kwy us=k dk
fodkj okrkfnihMk gksrs Kkuh ,slk fopkj djS gSa&tks ;ks jksx esjs
mRiUu Hk;k gS lks ;kdwa vlkrkosnuh;deZdks mn; rks varjax
dkj.k gS] vj æO; {ks=k&dkykfnd cfgjax dkj.k gS A lks deZds
mn;dwa mi'ke gqvk jksxdk uk'k gks;xkA vlkrkdk çcy mn;dwa
gksrs cká vkS"kèkfnd gh jksx esVusdwa leFkZ ukgha gSA vj
vlkrkdeZ ds gjusdwa dksÅ nso nkuo ea=kra=k vkS"kèkkfnd leFkZ gSa
ukghaA ;krSa vc laDys'kdwa NkafM lerk xzg.k djukA vj cká
vkS"kèkkfnd gSa rs vlkrkds eUn mn; gksrSa lgdkjh dkj.k gSaA
vlkrkdk çcy mn; gksrs vkS"kèkkfnd cká dkj.k jksx esVus dwa
leFkZ ukgha gS ,slk fopkfj vlkrkdeZds uk'kdk dkj.k ije
lerk èkkj.kdfj laDys'kjfgr gks; lguk] dk;j ukgha gksuk lks gh
lkèkqlekfèk gSA cgqfj b"Vdk fo;ksx gksrSa vj vfu"V dk la;ksx
gksrs Kku dh n`<rkrSa tks Hk;dwa çkIr ukgha gksuk lks lkèkqlekfèk gS A
tks iq#"k tUetjkej.kdfj Hk;oku gS vj lE;Xn'kZukfn
xq.kfudfj lfgr gS lks i;kZ;dk vUrdkyesa vkjkèkuk dk
'kj.klfgr vj Hk; dfj jfgr nsgkfnd leLr ijæO;fu esa
eerkjfgr gqvk ozrla;elfgr lekfèkej.k dh okaNk djS gSA
bl lalkj esa ifjHkze.k djrk vuUrkuUrdky O;rhr Hk;k A
leLr lekxe vusdckj ik;sA ijUrq lE;d~lekfèk ej.kdwa ukgha
çkIr Hk;k gwaA tks lekfèkej.k ,d ckj gw gksrk rks tUeej.k dk
 (34)

ik=k ukgha gksrkA lalkjifjHkze.k djrk eSa HkoHko esa vusd uohu
uohu nsg èkkj.k fd;sA ,slk dkSu nsg gS tks eSa ukgha èkkj.k fd;kA
vc bl orZeku nsgesa dgk eeRo d:a \ vj esjs Hko&Hko esa
vusd Lotu dqVqEctu dk gw lEcUèk Hk;k gSA vc gh Lotu ukgha
feys gSaA ;krSa dkSu dkSu Lotuesa jkx d:a\ vj esjs Hko&Hkoesa
vusd ckj jktÍf¼ gw mith \ vo eSa bl rqPN lEinkesa eerk
dgk d:xk\ Hko&Hko esa esjs vusd ekrk firk gw ikyuk djus
okys gks x;s] vc gh ukgha Hk;s gSaA cgqfj esjs Hko&Hkoesa ukjhi.kk gw
Hk;k vj esjs Hko&Hkoesa dke dh rhozyEiVrk lfgr uiqaldi.kk
gw Hk;k] vj esjs Hko&Hkoesa vusdokj iq#"ki.kk gw Hk;k rks gw
osnds vfHkeku&dfj u"V gksrk fiQj;k A vj Hko&Hkoesa vusd
tkfrds nq%[kdwa çkIr Hk;kA ,slk lalkjesa dksÅ nq%[k ukgha gS tks eSa
vusdckj ukgha ik;k A vj ,slk dksÅ bfUæ;tfur lq[k gw ukgha gS
tks eSa vusdckj ugha ik;k] vj vusdckj ujd esa ukjdh gks;]
vla[;kr dkyi;aZr çek.kjfgr ukukçdkjds nq%[k Hkksxs] vj
vusd Hkofr;aZpfuds çkIr gks; vla[;kr vuUrckj tUeej.k
djrk vusd çdkjds nq%[k Hkksxrk ckjEckj ifjHkze.k fd;kA
vusdokj èkeZoklukjfgr feF;kn`f"V euq"; gw Hk;k vj
vusdckj nso yksdfuesa gw çkIr Hk;kA vj vusd Hkofuesa ftusUædwa
iwT;kA vusd Hkofuesa xq#cUnuk gw djh vusd Hkofuesa feF;kn`f"V
gqvk diVrSa vkRefuankgw djhA vusd Hkofuesa nq¼Zaj ri gw èkkj.k
fd;k A vusd Hkofu esa Hkxoku dk leolj.k gw¡ esa lapkj fd;kA
vj vusd Hkofuesa JqrKkuds vMfudk õ gw iBu&ikBukfnd
vH;kl fd;k rFkkfi vuUrdky Hko&fuoklh gh ják A ;|fi
ftusUædwa iwtuk] xq#fudh oanuk rFkk vkRefuank djuk rFkk nq¼Zaj
ri'pj.k djuk leolj.kesa tkouk] Jqrfu ds va~xfudk vH;kl
djuk bR;kfnd ;s dk;Z ç'kalk;ksX; gSa] ikidk fouk'kd gSa] iq.;
dk dkj.k gSa rks gw¡ lE;Xn'kZu fouk vd`rkFkZ gSaA lalkj ifjHkze.kdwa
ukgha jksfd lds gS A lE;Xn'kZu fouk leLr fd;k iq.;dk cUèk
djusokyh gS A lE;Xn'kZu lfgr gks; rfn lalkj dks Nsn djS A lks
gh vkRekuq'kklu esa dgk gS&&
'kecksèko`Ùkrilka ik"kk.kL;so xkSjoa iqal%AA
iwT;a egke.ksfjo rnso lE;DRola;qÙkQe~AA1AA
vFkZ&&iq#"kds 'keHkko vj Kku vj pkfj=k vj ri budks
egkui.kks ik"kk.k dk egkui.kk ds rqY; gS] vj ;s gh ts lecksèk
pfj=k vj ri tks lE;DRo lfgr gks; rks egkef.k dh T;ksa iwT;
gkstk; A
HkkokFkZ&&txr esa ef.k gS lks gw ik"kk.k gS vj vU; >k>M+k
iRFkj gS lks gw ik"kk.k gS] ijUrq ik"kk.k rks e.k nks; e.k gw ckafèk ys
tk; cspSa rks gw ,d ihlks mitS] rkrSa ,d fnu gw isV ugha HkjS A vj
ef.k dsbZ jrh gw ys tk; cspS rks gtkjka #i;k mitS] leLr tUe
dk nkfjæ u"V gkstk; A rSlSa leHkko vj 'kkL=kfu dk Kku vj
pkfj=k èkkj.k vj ?kksj ri'pj.k ;s lE;DRo fcuk cgqr dky
èkkj.k djS rks jkT;lEink ikoS rFkk eUnd"kk;ds çHkkorSa
2
nsoyksdesa tk; mitS] fiQj p;dfj ,dsabfUæ;fnd i;kZ;fuesa
ifjHkze.k djS A vj tks lE;DRolfgr gks; rks lalkj ifjHkze.k dk
uk'kdfj eqDr gkstk;A rkrSa lE;DRo fcuk feF;kn`f"V gS lks ftu
dwa iwtks ok xq# oanuk djks] leolj.kesa tkoks] Jqrdk vH;kl
djks] ri djks rks gw vuUrdky lalkjokl gh djSxkA bl rhu
Hkqou esa lq[k nq%[kdks leLr lkexzh ;ks tho vuUrckj ikbZ A dksÅ
gw nqyZHk ukgha A ,d lkèkqlekfèk tks jRu=k; dk yfCèkdwa fufoZ?u
ijyksd rkbZa ys tkuk gS lks jRu=k;lfgr gqvk nsgdwa NkaMS gS fruds
lkèkqlekfèk gks; rkdk ikouk gh nqyZHk gSA lkèkqlekfèk gS
prqxZfrfuesa ifjHkze.kds nq%[k dk vHkkodfj fu'py Lokèkhu
vuUr lq[kdwa çkIr djS gSA tks iq#"k lkèkqlekfèk Hkkoukdwa fufoZa?u
çkIr gksus ds vfFZk bl Hkkoukdwa Hkkork ;kdk egku v?kZ mrkj.k
djsa gS lks gh 'kh?kz lalkjleqædwa frfj v"Vxq.kfudk èkkjd fl¼
gks; gSa A ,slsa lkèkq& lekfèkukek v"Veh Hkkouk o.kZu djhAA8AA
9- oS;ko`R;dj.k Hkkouk
vc oS;ko`fÙkukek uoeh Hkkouk o.kZu dfj;s gSA dks< vj mnjdh
tks O;Fkk vkeokr] laxzg.kh] dBksnj] liQksnj us=kk'kwy] d.kZ'kwy]
f'kj%'kwy] nUr'kwy] rFkk Toj] dkl] Lokl] tjk bR;kfnd
jksxfudfj ihfMr ts eqfu rFkk Jkod frudwa funksZ"k vkgkj
vkS"kfèk okfLrdkfnd dks< vj mnjdh tks O;Fkk vkeokr]
laxzg.kh] dBksnj] dfj lsok djuk] frudks 'kqJw"kk djuk] fou;
djuk] vknj djuk] nq%[k nwfj djusesa ;Ru djuk lks leLr
oS;ko`R; gSA ts ridfj rIr gks; vj jksx dfj ;qDr ftudk 'kjhj
gks;] fruds osnuk ns[kdj fruds vfFk çklqd vkS"kfèk rFkk
iF;kfnddfj jksx dk mi'ke djuk] lks uoe oS;ko`Ù; uke xq.k
gS A oS;ko`Ù; equh'ojfu ds n'k Hksn dfj n'k çdkj gS A vkpk;Z]
mikè;k;] riLoh] 'kS{;] Xyku] x.k] dqy] la?k] lksèkq] euksK bu
nl çdkj ds equh'ojfuds ijLij oS;ko`Ù; gks; gSA dk;dh ps"Vk
dfj ok vU; æO;dfj nq%[kosnukfnd nwj djusesa O;kikj dfj;s]
çorZu dfj;s lks oS;ko`Ù; gSA bu n'k çdkj ds eqfufudk ,slk
Lo:i tkuuk fturSa LoxZ eks{k ds lq[kds cht ts ozr fruuS
vknjlfgr xzg.k dfjdS HkO;tho vius fgrds vfFZk vkpj.k
dfj, rs lE;XKkukfn xq.kfu ds èkkjd vkpk;Z gSaA
HkkokFkZ&fturSa eks{kds LoxZds lkèkdozr vkpj.k dfj;s rs
vkpk;Z gSa A ftudk lehidwa çkIr gks; vkxedwa vè;;u dfj;s rs
ozr 'khy&Jqrds vkèkkj ,sls mikè;k; gSa A egku~ vu'kukfnri esa
fr"BS rs riLoh gSaA ts Jqr ds 'k{k.k esa rRij fujUrj ozrfudh
Hkkoukesa rRij rs 'kS{; gSaA jksxkfnddfj tkdk 'kjhj Dysf'kr gks;
lks Xyku gS A o`¼ eqfufudh ifjikVhdk gks; lks x.k gSA vkidwa
nh{kk nsus okyk vkpk;Zdk f'k"; gks; lks dqy gS A P;kfj çdkj ds
eqfudk lewg lks la?k gSA fpjdkydk nhf{kr gks; lks lkèkq gS A tks
if.Mri.kkdfj oDrki.kkdfj] Åapk dqy dfj] yksdfu esa ekU;
gks;] èkeZdk xq#dqy dk xkSjoi.kk dk mRiUu djus okyk gks; lks
euksK gSA vFkok vla;rlE;Xn`f"V gw lalkj dk vHkko:ii.kkrsa
euksK gSA
bu n'k çdkjds eqfufudS jksx vktk; ijh"kgfudfj [ksfnr
gks; rFkk J¼kukfn foxfM feF;kRokfnd çkIr gks; tk; rks
çklqd vkS"kfèk Hkkstuiku] ;ksX;LFkku] vklu] dk"BiQyd
r`.kkfndfudk laLrjkfndfudfj] vj iqLrd ihfNdkfnd
èkeksZidj.kdfj tks çfrdkj midkj dfj;s] rFkk lE;DRo esa iQsfj
LFkkiu dfj;s bR;kfn midkj lks oS;ko`R; gS A vj tks cká
Hkkstuiku vkS"kèkfnd ukgha lEHkors gks; rks vius dk;dj ds
diQ rFkk ukf'kdkey] ew=kkkfnd nwfj djusdfj rFkk muds
vuqdway vkpj.k djus dfj oS;ko`R; gks; gS A bu oS;k&o`R; esa
la;edk LFkkiu] Xykfudks vHkko] vj çopuesa okRlY;i.kks]
vj lukFki.kks bR;kfn vusd xq.k çdV gks; gSa A oS;ko`R; gks ije
èkeZ gSA oS;ko`R; ukgha gks; rks eks{kekxZ fcxfM tk; A vkpk;kZfnd
gSa rs f'k"; eqfu rFkk jksxh bR;kfnd dk oS;ko`R; djusrsa cgqr
fo'kq¼rk mPprkdwa çkIr gks; gSA ,sls gh Jkodkfnd eqfudk
oS;ko`R; dj rFkk Jkod Jkfodk dk djsaA vkS"kfèknkudfj
oS;ko`R; djsa A vj HkfDriwoZd ;qfDr dfj nsgdk vkèkkj
vkgkjnku dfj oS;ko`R; djS A vj deZds mn;rS nks"k yfx x;k
gks; rkdk <kaduka rFkk J¼kulw pyk;eku Hk;k gks; rkdwa
lE;Xn'kZu xzg.k djkouk rFkk ftusUæ ds ekxZlw pfy x;k gks;
rkdwa ekxZesa LFkkiu djuk bR;kfnd midkjdfj oS;ko`R; gSA
cgqfj tks vkpk;kZfn xq# f'k";dwa Jqrdk vax i<koaS rFkk
ozr la;ekfnd dh 'kqf¼dks mins'k djS lks f'k"; dk oS;ko`R; gSA
vj f'k";gw xq#fudks vkKk çek.k çorZrk xq#fudk pj.kfudk
lsou djS lks vkpk;Zdk oS;ko`R; gS A cgqfj viuk pSrU; Lo:i
vkRekdwa jkx}s"kkfnd nks"kfudfjfyIr ukgha gksus nsuk lks vius
vkRekdk c;ko`R; gS A rFkk vius vkRekdwa HkxokUkds ijekxeesa
yxk; nsuk rFkk n'ky{k.k:i èkeZesa yhu gksuk lks vkReoS;ko`R;
gSA rFkk dke Øksèk yksHkkfndds vj bfUæ;fu ds fo"k;fuds
vkèkhu ukgha gksuk lks viuk vkRekdk oS;ko`R; gS cgqfj bgka vkSjgw
fo'ks"k tkuuk%& tks jksxh eqfu dk rFkk xq#fu dk çkr%dky vj
vkFk.kuS 'k;uvklu deaMyq ihNh iqLrd us=kfulwa nsf[k
e;wj&fifPNdkrSa 'kksèkuk rFkk v'kDr jksxh eqfudk vkgkj
vkS"kèkkdfj la;eds ;ksX; mipkj djuk rFkk 'kq¼ xzUFkds
ckpusdfj] èkeZdk mins'kdfj ifj.kkedwa èkeZeSa yhu djuk rFkk
mBkouk cSBkouk] ey&ew=kdjokuk] dyksV fyokuk bR;kfndfj
oS;ko`Ù; djS A rFkk dksÅ lkèkq ekxZdfj [ksfnr gks; rFkk nq"V
Hkhy EysPN nq"Vjktk nq"V fr;aZpfu dfj miæo :i gqvk gks;]
nqfHkZ{k ekjh O;kfèk bR;kfnd miæodfj ihMk gksusrSa ifj.kke
dk;j Hk;k gks;] rkdwa LFkku ns; dq'ky iwfNdfj vknjdfj]
fl¼kUrrSa f'k{kkdfj fLFkfrdj.k djuk lks oS;ko`Ù; gSA
cgqfj tks leFkZ gks; dfjds gwa viuk cyoh;Zdwa fNik;
oS;ko`R; ukgha djS gS lks èkeZjfgr gS A rhFkZ&djfu dh vkKk HkM õ
djh] Jqrdfj mins';k èkeZ dh fojkèkuk djh] vkpkj fcxkM~Ôk
çHkkouk&u"V djh] èkekZRek dh vkinkgwesa midkj ukgha fd;k
rfn èkeZrSa ijkM~eq[k Hk;k A vj tkdS ,slk ifj.kke gks; tks vgks !
eksg vfXudfj nXèk gksrk txresa ,d fnxEcj eqfu Kku:i
tydfj eksg:i vfXudwa cq>k; vkRedY;k.kdwa djS gSa] èkU; gSa]
ts dkedwa ekfj jkx}s"kdk ifjgkjdfj bfUæ;fudwa thr vkRek ds
fgresa m|eh Hk, gSa] ;s yksdksÙkj xq.kfu ds èkkjd gSa] esjs ,srs
xq.koarfu dk pj.kfudk 'kj.k gksgw] ,sls xq.kfuesa ifj.kke
oS;ko`R;rSa gh gks; gSa A vj tSls 2 xq.kfuesa ifj.kke jkpS rSlSa rSlSa
J¼ku c/S gSA J¼ku c/S rfn èkeZesa çhfr cèkS] rfn èkeZds uk;d
vjgUrkfnd iap ijesf"B ds xq.kfuesa vuqjkx:i HkfDr cèkS gS A
dSlhd HkfDr gks; gS tks ek;kpkj&jfgr feF;kKkujfgr]
Hkksxfudks okaNkjfgr] vj es#dh T;ksa fu"dai vpy ,slh
ftuHkfDr tkdS gks; rkds lalkjds ifjHkze.k dk Hk; ukgha jgS gSA
lks HkfDr èkekZRekdks oS;ko`R;rSa gks; gSA
cgqfj iap egkozrfudfj ;qDr] vj d"kk; dfj jfgr]
jkx}s"kdk thrusokyk] JqrKku:i jRufudk fuèkku ,slk ik=kdk
ykHk oS;ko`R; djusokysds gks; gSA tks jRu=k;èkkjh dk oS;ko`R;
fd;k lks jRu=k;klwa viuk tksM ckafèk vkidwa vj vU;dwa eks{kekxZ
esa LFkkiS gS A cgqfj oS;ko`R; vUrjax cfgjax nksÅ rifu esa çèkku]
deZ dh futZjk dk çèkku dkj.k gS A tks vkpk;Z dks oS;ko`R;
dh;ks lks leLr la?k dks] loZ èkeZdks oS;ko`R; dh;ks] Hkxokudh
vkKk ikyh vj vkids vj ijds la;edks j{kk 'kqHkè;kudks o`f¼
vj bfUæ;fudk fuxzg fd;kA jRu=k;dh j{kk vj vfr'k;:i nku
fn;k] fufoZafpfdRlk xq.kdwa çxV fn[kk;k] ftusUæèkeZ dh
çHkkouk djhA èku [kjp nsuk lqyHk gS] jksxh dks Vgy djuk
nqyZHk gSA vU;dk vkSxq.k <duk] xq.k çdV djuk bR;kfnd
xq.kfuds çHkkorsa rhFkaZdj uke çd`frdk cUèk djS gS A ;ks oS;ko`R;
txr esa mÙke gS] ,slh ftusUæ dh f'k{kk gS A tks dksÅ Jkod ok
lkèkq oS;ko`R; djS gS lks loksZRd`"V fuokZ.kdwa ikoS gS A cgqfj tks
viuk lkeF;Z çek.k N%dk;dh thofudks j{kkesa lkoèkku gS rkds
leLr çk.khfu dk oS;ko`R; gks; gS A ,sls oS;ko`R; uke uoeh
Hkkouk o.kZu djhAA9AA
10- vjgUr HkfDr Hkkouk
vc vjgUrHkfDr uke n'keh Hkkouk o.kZu djS gSa A tks eu opu
dk; dfjdSa ftu ,sls nks; v{kj lnkdky Lej.k djS gS lks
vjgUrHkfDr gSA
HkkokFkZ&&vjgUrds xq.kfuesa vuqjkx lks vjgUrHkfDr gSA
tks iwoZ tUe esa "kksM'kdkj.k Hkkouk HkkbZ lks rhFkZdj gks; vjgUr
gks; gSA rkdS rks "kksM'kdkj.k uke HkkoukrSa mitk;k vn~Hkqr iq.;
rkds çHkkorSa xHkZ esa vkous ds Ng eghus igys bUædh vkKkrSa
dqosj gS lks ckjg;kstu yEch] uo;kstu pksM+h jRue; uxjh jpS
gSA frldS eè; jktk ds jgus dk egyfu dk o.kZu vj uxjh dh
jpuk] vj cM+s }kj vj dksV [kkbZ ijdksV bR;kfnd jRuebZ tks
dqosj jpS gS rkdh efgek rks dksÅ gtkj ftàkfudfj o.kZu
djusdwa leFkZ ukgha gSA rgka rhFkZadjdh ekrkdk xHkZ dk 'kksèku vj
#pd}hikfnd esa fuokl djus okyh NIiu dqekfjdk nsoh
ekrkdh ukuk çdkjdh lsok djus esa lkoèkku gks; gSaA vj xHkZds
Ng eghuk igyh çHkkr eè;kUg vj vijkUg ,d&,d dky esa
vkdk'krSa lk<k rhu dksfV jRufudh o"kkZ dqosj djS gSA vj ikNS
xHkZesa vkorsa gh bUækfnd P;kfj fudk;ds nsofudk vklu
dEik;eku gksusr P;kfjçdkjds nso vk; uxjdks çnf{k.kk ns;
ekrk firk dh iwtk lRdkjkfn&dfj vius LFkku tk; gSaA
vj Hkxoku rhFkaZdj LiQfVdef.k dk fiVkjk leku
eykfnjfgr ekrkdk xHkZ esa fr"BS gSa A vj dey ckfluh nsoh vj
NIiu #fpd}hiesa clusokyh vj vkSj vusd nsoh ekrkdks lsok
djS gSa A vj uo eghuk iw.kZ gksrsa mfpr volj esa tUe gksrs gh
P;kjksa fudk; ds nsofudk vklu dEik;eku gksuk] vj
okfn=kfudk vdLekr~ cktusrSa ftusUædk tUe tkfu] cM+k g"kZ lS
lkSèkeZ ukek bUæ y{k;kstu çek.k ,sjkor gLrh Åifj pf<] viuk
lkSèkeZ LoxZ dk bdrhlek iVyesa vBkjeka Js.khc¼ uke foekurSa
vla[;krnso vius ifjdjfudfj lfgr lk<k ckjk dksfM tkfrdk
okfn=kfu dh fe"Vèofu] vj vla[;kr nsofu dk t;t;dkj
'kCn] vj vusd èotk] vj mRlolkexzh] vj dksVÔka vIljk&
fudk u`R;kfnd mRlo] vj dksVÔka xaèkoZnsofudk xkous dfj
lfgr vla[;kr ;kstu Åapk bgkarSa bUædk jgusdk iVy] vj
vla[;kr;kstu fr;Zd~ nf{k.k fn'kkesa gSA rgka rs tacw}hi i;aZr
vla[;kr ;kstu mRlo djrs vk; uxj dks çnf{k.kk ns;] bUæk.kh
çlwfrx`g esa tk;] ekrkdwa ek;kfuækds of'kdfj] fo;ksxds nq%[kds
Hk;rS viuh nsoRo'kfDrrsa rgka ckyd vkSj jfp] rhFkaZdjdwa cM+h
HkfDrrS Y;k;] bUædwa lkSis gSA frldky esa ns[krka baæ r`Irrkdwa
ukgha çkIr gksrk] gtkj us=k jfpdfj ns[kS gSA fiQj rgka bZ'kkukfnd
LoxZfuds bUæ vj Hkouoklh O;Urj T;ksfr"khfuds bUækfnd
vla[;kr nso viuh viuh lsuk okgu ifjokj lfgr vkoS gSaA rgka
lkSèkeZ bUæ ,sjkor gLrh Åifj p<Ôk Hkxokudwa xksn esa ys; pkySA
rgka bZ'kku bUæ N=k èkkj.k dj] vj luRdqekj egsUæ pej <kjrs
vU; vla[;kr nso vius&vius fu;ksxesa lkoèkku cM+k mRlorS
esjfxfj dk ikaMqdouesa ikaMqdf'kyk Åifj vd`f=ke flagklu gS
frl Åifj ftusUædwa ièkjk; gS A vj ikaMqdourS {khjleqæ i;aZr
nksÅ rjiQ nsoksadh iadfr cUèk tk; gSA
{khjle`nz es:dh HkwferSa ikap ØksM n'k yk[k lk<+k
xq.kpkl gtkj ;kstu ijS gSA frl voljesa es:dh pwfydkrSa nksmQ
rjiQ eqdV dqaMy dad.kkfn vn~Hkqr jRufu ds vkHkj.k igjs
nsofudh iafDr es#dh pwfydkr {khjleqæ i;aZr Js.kh caèks gSa] vj
gkFkw gkFk dy'k lksiS gSa A rgka nksÅ rjiQ baæds [kM+s jgusds vU;
nks; NksVs flagklu Åifj lksèkeZ bZ'kku baæ dy'k ys; vfHk"ksd
,d gtkj vkB dy'kfudfj djS gSA fru dy'kfudk eq[k ,d
;kstudk] mnj pkfj ;kstu pkSM+k] vkB ;kstu Åapk] fru
dy'kfursa fudlh èkkjk Hkxokuds ot~e; 'kjhj Åifj iq"ifu dh
o"kkZ leku ckèkk ukgha djS gSA vj ikNs baæk.kh dksey oL=krS iwaNS
viuk tUedwa d`rkFkZ ekurh LoxZrSa Y;k;s jrue; leLr vkHkj.k
oL=k igjkoS gSaA rgka vusdnso vusd mRlo foLrkjs gSaA
frudwafy[kusdwa dksÅ leFkZ ukghaA fiQj es#fxjrS iwoZor~ mRlo
djrs ftusUædwa Y;k; ekrkdwa leiZ.k dj bUæ ogka rkaMou`R;kfnd
tks mRlo djS gS fru leLr mRlofudwa dksÅ vla[;kr dky i;aZr
dksfV ftàkfudfj o.kZu djusdwa leFkZ ukgha gSA
ftusUæ tUerSa gh rhFkaZdj çd`fr ds mn; ds çHkkorSa n'k
vfr'k; tUers fy;s gh mitS gS A ilsojfgr 'kjhj gks;] ey ew=k
diQkfnd jfgriuk] vj 'kjhj es a nq X èko.kZ #fèkj]
leprqjL=klaLFkku] oTzk½"kHkukjkp laguu] vn~Hkqr vçek.k :Ik]
egklqxaèk'kjhj vçek.k cy] ,d gtkj vkB y{k.k]
fç;fgre/qjopu ;s leLr iwoZtUeesa "kksM'kdkj.k Hkkouk HkkbZ
rkdk çHkko gSA cgqfj bUæ vaxq"B esa LFkkI;k ve`r rkdwa iku djrk]
ekrk dk Lruesa miT;k nqXèkiku ukgha djS gS A fiQj viuh
voLFkkds leku cus nsodqekjfuesa ØhMk djrs c`f¼dwa çkIr gks;
gSa A vj LoxZyksdrSa vk;s vkHkj.k oL=k Hkkstukfnd euksokafNr
nso yks; lklrk jkf=kfnu gkftj jgS gSa A i`Fohyksddk Hkkstu
vkHkj.k oL=kkkfnd ukgha vaMhdkjõ djS gSa] LoxZrSa vk;s gh HkksxSa gSa
A cgqfj dqekjdky O;rhr dfj bUækfndfu dfj dks;s vn~Hkqr
mRlkg dfj] HkfDriwoZd firkdfj leiZ.k dh;k jkT; Hkksfx
volj ik;] lalkj nsg HkksxfurS fojkxrk mitS rfn vfuR;kfn
ckjg Hkkouk Hkkorsgh yksdkafrdnso vk; cUnuk Lrou:i
lEcksèkukfnd djS gSa A vj ftusUæ dk fojkx Hkko gksrsgh pkfj
fudk;ds bUækfædnso vius vklu dEik;eku gksusrSa ftusUæ ds
ridk volj vofèkKkurS tkfu] cM+s mRlorSa vk; vfHk"ksddfj]
nso&yksd ds oL=kkHkj.krSa HkfDrrSa Hkwf"kr dfj] jRue;h ikydh
jfp] ftusUædwa p<k;] vçek.k mRlo vj t; t;dkj
'kCnlfgr rids ;ksX; cuesa tk; mrkjS gSa A rgka oL=k vkHkj.k
leLr R;kxS] nso vèkj >sfy eLrd p<koS A vj iapeq"Vh yksap
fl¼fudwa ueLdkjdfj djsaA rfn ds'kfudwa egk mÙke tkf.k bUæ
jRuds ik=k esa èkkj.kdfj {khjleqæ esa cM+h HkfDrrS {ksiS gSA
ftusUæ dsrsd dkyesa rids çHkkorSa] 'kqDyè;kuds çHkkorSa
{k;dJs.khesa ?kkfr;kdeZfudk uk'k dfj dsoyKkudwa mRiUu djSa
gSaA rfn vjgUriuk çxV gks; gSA rfn dsoy Kku :i us=kdfj Hkwr]
Hkfo";Rk~] orZeku f=kdkyorhZ leLr æO;fudh vuUrkuUr
ifj.kfrlfgr vuqØerSa ,d le;esa ;qxir~ leLrdwa tkuS gSa ns[ks
gSaA rfn P;kfj fudk;ds nso KkudY;k.kdh iwtk Lrou dfj
Hkxokudk mins'kds vfFZk leolj.k vusd jRue; jpSa gSaA frl
leolj.kdh foHkwfrdk o.kZu dkSu dj ldS\ i`FohrSa ikap gtkj
èkuq"k Åapk] tkds chl gtkj iaMh rha Åifj bUæuhyef.ke; xksy
Hkwfe ckjg ;kstu çek.k] frl Åifj vçek.kefgeklfgr
leolj.k jpuk gSA tgka leolj.k jpuk gks; gS] vj Hkxokudk
fcgkj gks; gS rgka vUèksfudwa nh[kus yfx tk;] cgjs Jo.k djus
yfx tka;] ywys pkyus yfx tk; gSa] xwaxs cksyus yfx tk; gSa]
ohrjkxdks vn~Hkqr efgek gS A
tkds èkwfy'kkykfnd jRue; dksV] ekuLrEHk] vj
ckcM;k] vj tydh [kkfrdk] vj iq"iokMh] fiQj jRue; dksV]
njokts] ukV;'kkyk] miou] osnh] Hkwfe] fiQj dksVfiQj
dYio`{kfudk ou] jRue;Lrwi] fiQj egyfudh Hkwfe] fiQj
LiQfVddk dksVesa nsoPNn uke ,d ;kstudk eaMi] loZ rjiQ
}kn'k lHkk frudfj lsfor jRue; rhu dVuh xaèkdqVh esa flagklu
Åifj P;kfj vaxqy varjh{k fojkteku Hkxoku vjgar gSa A ftudh
vuUrKku] vuUrn'kZu] vuUroh;Z vuUrlq[ke;h vUrjax foHkwfr
dh efgek dgus dwa P;kfj Kkuds èkkjd x.kèkj leFkZ ukgha] vU;
dkSu dfg ldS gS\ vj leolj.k dh foHkwfr gh opuds vxkspj
gSA vj xaèkdqVh rhljh dV.kh Åifj gSA rgka pmlfB pej cÙkhl
;qxy nsofuds eqdqV dq.My gkj dMk Hkqtcaèkkfnd leLr
vkHkj.k ifgjs <kfy jgs gSa] rhu N=k vn~Hkqr dkafrds èkkjd]
ftudh dkafrrS lw;Z pUæek eanT;ksfr HkklSa gSa vj ftudh nsgdk
çHkkeaMy dk pØ caèk ják] tkdfj leolj.kesa jkf=kfnu dks
Hksn ukgha jgS gS] lnk fnol gh çorSZa gS vj egklqxaèk =kSyksD;esa
,slk lqxaèk vkSj ukghaA ,slh xaèkdqVh ds Åij nsofudfj jP;k
v'kksdo`{kdwa ns[krs gh leLr yksdfudk 'kksd u"V gks; tk; A
vj dYio`{kfu ds iq"ifu dh o"kkZ vkdk'krsa gks; gSA vj
vkdk'kesa lk<k&ckjkdksfV tkfrds okfn=kfu dh ,slh eèkqj èofu
gks; gS ftuds Jo.kek=krSa {kqèkkr`"kkfnd leLr jksx osnuk u"V gks
tk; gS A vj jRutfMr flagklu lw;Z dh dkafrdwa thrS gSA
cgqfj ftusUædh fnO;èofu dh vn~Hkqr efgek gS
=kSyksD;orhZ thofudS ije midkj djusokyh eksg&vaèkdkj dk
uk'k djS vj leLr tho viuh viuh Hkk"kk esa 'kCn vFkZ xzg.k
djS gSa] vj leLr thofuds la'k; ukgha jgS gS] LoxZ&eks{kdk
ekxZdwaçdV djS gSaA fnO;&èofudh efgek opu }kjk x.kèkj
bUækfnd dgusdwa leFkZ ukgha gSA ftuds leolj.kus flag vj xt]
O;k?kz vj xkS] ektkZjh vj gal bR;kfnd tkfrfojksèkh tho oSjcqf¼
NkafM ijLij fe=krkdwa çkIr gks; gSaA ohrjkxrkdh vn~Hkqr efgek
gSA ftuds vla[;kr nso t; t;dkj 'kCn djS gSaA ftuds
fudVrkdwa ik; dfjdS nsofudfj jps dy'k >kjh niZ.k èotk
Bks.kk N=k pej cht.kk ;s vpsru æO;gw yksdesa eaxyrkdwa çkIr
gks;A vj dsoyKku mRiUu Hk;s ihNS n'k vfr'k; çxV gks; gSaA
pkjksa rjiQ lkS 2 ;kstu lqfHk{krk] vj vkdk'kxeu] Hkwfedk Li'kZ
ukgha djS] vj dksÅ çk.khdk ukgha gks;] vj Hkkstudk vHkko]
vj milxZ dk vHkko] vj prqeqZ[k nh[kS] vj leLr fo|kdk
bZ'ojiuk] vn;kjfgri.kk] vj us=k fVedkjS ukgha] vj ds'k u[k
oèkSa ukgha A ;s n'k vfr'k; ?kkfr;kdeZdk uk'krSa Lo;a çdV gks;
gSaA
vj rhFkZdj çd`frdk çHkkorSa pkSng vfr'k; nsofu dfj
fd;s gks; gSaA v¼Zekxèkh Hkk"kk] leLr tulewg esa eS=khHkko]
leLr ½rqds iQwy iQy i=kkfndlfgr o`{k gks; gSa] i`Foh
niZ.kleku jRue;h r`.k&daVd&jt&jfgr gks; gS] 'khry ean
lqxaèk iou pys gS] leLr tuksad vkuUn çxV gks; gS] vuqdway
iou] lqxaèk tydh o`f"V&dfj Hkwfe jtjfgr gks; gS] pj.k èkjSa
rgka lkr vkxs lkr ikNS ,d chp ,sls ianjk ianjkdfj nks;lkS
iPphl dey nso jpS gSa] vkdk'k fueZy] fn'kk fueZy] P;kj
fudk;ds nsofu dfj t;t; 'kCn] ,d gtkj vkjkdfjlfgr
fdj.kfudk èkkjd viuk m|ksrdfj lw;Z e.Mydwa frjLdkj
djrk èkeZpØ vkxs 2 pkyS] v"V eMyæO; õ ;s pkSng nsod`r
vfr'k; çdV gks; gSa A {kqèkk r`"kk tUe tjk ej.k jksx 'kksd Hk;
foLe; jkx }s"k eksg vjfr fpark Losn [ksn en fuæk bu v"Vkn'k
nks"kfudfj jfgr vjgar frudks oanuk Lrou è;ku djksA ;k
vjgarHkfDr lalkjleqædk rkjusokyh fujUrj fprou djks A
lq[kdk djusokyk vjgar rkdk Lrou djks A ;kdk xq.kfuds
vkJ; rks vuar uke gSa A vj HkfDrdk HkjÔk bUæ Hkxokudk ,d
gtkj vkB ukedfj Lrou fd;k gSA vj ts vYi lkeF;Z ds èkkjd
gS rs gw viuh 'kfDrçek.k iwtu Lrou ueLdkj è;ku djks A
vjgarHkfDr lalkj&leqæ dks rkjus okyh gS A lE;Xn'kZu esa vj
vjgar HkfDr esa ukeHksn gS] vFkZHksn ukgha gSA vjgarHkfDr
ujdkfn&xfrdwa gjus okyh gS A ;k HkfDr dks iwtu Lroudfj v?kZ
mrkj djsa gSa lks nsokadk lq[k] fiQj euq"; dk lq[k Hkksfx]
vfouk'kh lq[k dk èkkjd v{k; vfouk'kh lq[kdwa çkIr gks; gSaA
,sls vjgarHkfDr uke n'keh Hkkouk o.kZu djh AA10AA
11- vkpk;Z HkfDr Hkkouk
vc vkpk;Z HkfDr uke X;kjehHkkouk o.kZu djSa gSaA lksgh
xq#HkfDr gS A èkU; Hkkx ftudk gks; fruds ohrjkx xq#fuds
xq.kfu esa vuqjkx gks; gSA èkU;iq#"kfu ds eLrd Åifj xq#fudh
vkKk çorsa gS A vkpk;Z gSa lks vusd x.kfudh [kkfu gSa] Js"B
ridk èkkjd gSaA ;krSa budk xq.k eufo"kS èkkj.kdfj iwft;s] v?kZ
mrkj.k dfj,] iq"ika&tfy vxzHkkxesa {ksfi;s] tks esjs ,sls xq#fudk
pj.kfudk 'kj.k gh gksgw A dSlsd gSa vkpk;Z\ ftuds vu'kukfnd
ckjg çdkj dk mTToy rifu esa fujarj m|e gS] vj Ng
vko';d fØ;kesa lkoèkku gSa] vj iapkpkj ds èkkjd gSa] vj
n'ky{k.k èkeZ :i gS ifj.kfr ftudh] vj eu fcpudk; dh
xqfIr dfj lfgr gSa A ,sls NÙkhlxq.kfu dfj ;q¼ vkpk;Z gks; gSa A
vj lE;Xn'kZukpkjdwa funksZ"kèkjS gSa A vj lE;XKku dh 'kq¼rkdfj
;qDr gSa] vj =k;ksn'kçdkj pkfj=kdh 'kq¼rk ds èkkjd] vj
ri'pj.kesa mRlkg ;qDr] vj vius oh;Zdwa ukgha fNikors okbZl
ijh"kgfuds thrus esa leFkZ] ,sls fujarj iap vkpkjds èkkjd gSa A
varjM õ cfgjax xzaFkdfj jfgr] fuxazFk ekxZ ds xeu djus esa rRij
gSa] vj miokl csyk rsyk iapksiokl] i{kksiokl] eklksiokl
djus esa rRij gSa] vj futZu ou esa vj ioZrfuds njkMs] vj
xqiQkfuds LFkku esa fu'py 'kqHkè;kuesa eudwa èkkjS gSaA vj
f'k";fudh ;ksX;rkdwa vkNh jhfrlw tkfu nh{kk nsusesa vj f'k{kk
djus esa fuiq.k gSa] vj ;qfDrrsa uo çdkj u;ds tkuusokys gSa] vj
viuh dk;lweeRo NkafM jkf=kfnu fr"B gSa] lalkj dwaiesa iru gks
tkusrSa Hk;oku gSa A euopudk; dh 'kq¼rk ;qDr ukfldkdk
vxzesa LFkkfir fd;s gSa] us=k;qxy ftuw us ,sls vkpk;Zdwa leLr
vaxfudwa i`Fohesa uek; eLrd èkfj canuk dfj;sA fru vkpk;Zfu
dk pj.kfu dfj Li'kZ HkbZ ifo=k jtdwa v"VæO;fu dfj iwft;s lks
lalkj ifjHkze.k dk Dys'k ihMkdwa u"V djusokyh vkpk;Z& HkfDr
gSA vc ;gka ,slk fo'ks"k tkuuk&tks vkpk;Z gS lks leLr èkeZds
uk;d gSaA vkpk;Zfuds vkèkkj leLr èkeZ gS A ;kr ,rs xq.kfuds
èkjd gh vkpk;Z gks;A cM+k jktkfudk ok jktkds eU=khfudk ok
egku Js"Bksfu dk dqy esa miT;k gks;] vj tkds Lo:idwa ns[krs
gh 'kkar ifj.kke gks tk; ,slk euksgj:idk èkkjd gks;] ftudk
mPp vkpkj txr esa çfl¼ gks;] iwoZ x`gpkjkesa Hkh dns gh.k
vkpkj fua| O;ogkj ukgha fd;k gks;] vj orZeku HkksxlEink
NkafM fojDrkdwa çkIr Hk;k gks;] vj ykSfdd O;ogkj vj ijekFkZ
ds Kkrk gks; A vj cqf¼ dh çcyrk vj ri dh çcyrk dk
èkkjd gks; A vj la?k ds vU; equh'ojfursa ,slk riukgha cfu ldS
rSlk ridk èkkjd gks;] cgqr dkydk nhf{kr gks;] cgqr dky
xq#fudk pj.klsou fd;k gks;] opudk vfr'k; lfgr gks;]
ftudk opu&Jo.k djrs gh èkeZesa n`<rk vj la'k;dk vHkko
vj lalkj nsg Hkksxurs fojkxrk tkds fu'py gks;] fl¼karlw=kds
vFkZ dk ikjxkeh gks;] bfUæ;fu dk neudfj bl yksd
ijyksd&lEcUèkh Hkksxfoykljfgr] nsgkfndesa fueZeRo gks;]
egkèkhj gks;] milxZijh"kgfu dfj dnkfpRk~ tkdk fpÙk
pyk;eku ukgha gks; A tks vkpk;Z gh pfy tk; rks ldy la?k
Hkz"V gkstk;] èkeZdk yksi gkstk; A Loer ijerdk Kkrk gks;]
vusdkUrfo|kesa ØhMk djus okyk gks;] vU;ds ç'ukfndrSa
dk;jrk jfgr rRdky mÙkj nsusokyk gks; A ,dkUri{kdwa [k.Mu
dfj lR;kFkZ&èkeZdwa LFkkiu djusdk tkdk lkeFkZ gks;] èkeZdh
çHkkouk djus esa m|eh gks;] xq#fuds fudV çk;f'pÙkkfnd lw=k
if<+ NÙkhl xq.kfudk èkkjd gks; gS lks leLr la?k dh lkf[klwa
xq#fudfj fn;k vkpk;Z in çkIr gks; A ,rs xq.kfudk èkkjd gks;
frlgh dwa vkpk;Ziuk gks; A ,rs xq.kfu fcuk vkpk;Z gks; rks èkeZ
rhFkZdk yksi gkstk;] mUekxZdks ço`fÙk gkstk;] leLr la?k
LosPNkpkjh gkstk;] lw=kdh ifjikVh vj vkpkjdh ifjikVh VwfV
tk;A
cgqfj vkpk;Ziuk ds vU; v"V xq.k gSa frudk èkkjd gks; A
vkpkjokUk~] vkèkkjokUk~] O;ogkjokUk~] çdrkZ] vik;ksik;
&fon'khZ] voihMd] vifjlzkoh] fu;kZid , vkB xq.k gSa A fruesa
iapçdkj dk vkpkj èkkj.k djSa rkdwa vkpkjoku dfg;s A
thokfndrÙo Hkxoku loZK ohrjkx fnO; fujkoj.k Kkudfj
çR;{k nsf[k dák fruesa J¼ku :i ifj.kfr lks n'kZukpkj gS A
LoijrÙofudwa fuokZèk vkxe vj vkRekuqHko dfj tkuuk :i
ço`fÙk lks Kkukpkj gS A fgalkfnd iap ikifudk vHkko:i ço`fÙk
lks pkfj=kkpkj gSA vUrjax cfgjM õ riesa ço`fÙk lks rikpkj gSA
ijh"kgkfnd vk, viuh 'kfDrdaw ukgha fNik; èkhjrk :Ik ço`fÙk
lks oh;kZpkj gS rFkk vkSjgw n'kçdkj fLFkfrdYikfnd vkpkjesa
rRij gks A lfefrxqIR;kfndfu dk dFku dfj;s rks cgqr dFku
cafèk tk;A iap çdkj vkpkj vki funksZ"k vkpjS] vj vU;
f'k";kfndfudwa vkpj.k djkousesa m|eh gks; lks vkpk;Z gS A
vki gh.kkpkjh gks; lks f'k";fudwa 'kq¼ vkpj.k ukgha djk; ldsA
gh.kkpkjh gks; lks vkgkj fogkj midj.k ofLrdk v'kq¼ xzg.k
djk; ns] vj vkigh vkpkjgh.k gks; lks 'kq¼ mins'k ukgha dfj
ldsA rkrsa vkpkjoku gh gks;AA1AA
cgqfj tkds ftusUæ dk ç:I;k P;kj vuq;ksx dk vkèkkj gks]
L;k}kn fo|k dk ikjxkeh gks;] 'kCnfo|k fl¼kUrfo|k dk
ikjxkeh gks;] çek.k u; fu{ksidfj LokuqHkodfj Hkys çdkj
rRofudk fu.kZ; fd;k gks; lks vkèkkjoku gSA tkds Jqrdk vkèkkj
ukgha lks vU; f'k";fu dk la'k; rFkk ,dkar:igB rFkk
feF;kpj.kdwa fujkdj.k ukgha dfj ldsa A cgqfj vuUrkuUrdkyrS
ifjHkze.k djrk thods vfrnqyZHk euq";tUedk ikouk rkesa gw
mÙke ns'k tkfr dqy] bfUæ;iw.kZrk] nh?kkZ;q] lRlaxfr] J¼ku]
Kku vkpj.k ;s mÙkjksÙkj nqyZHk la;ksx ik;] rks vYiKkuh xq#ds
fudV clus okyk f'k"; lks lR;kFkZ mins'k ukgha ikousrS ;FkkFkZ
vkidk Lo:i ukgh ik; la'k;:i gks tk; rFkk eks{kekxZdwa
vfrnwj vfrdfBu tkfu jRu=k;ekxZlw pfy tk; rFkk lR;kFkZ
mins'k fcuk fo"k; d"kk;fu esa mj>k eudwa fudklus esa leFkZ
ukgha gks; rFkk jksxd`r osnukesa rFkk ?kksj milxZ ijh"kgfur pY;k
gqvk ifj.kkedwa Jqrdk vfr'k;:i mins'kfcuk Fkkaeusdwa leFkaZ
ukgha gks; gSA cgqfj ej.k vktk; rfn laU;kldk voljesa vkgkj&
ikudk R;kxdk ;Fkk volj ns'kdky lgk; lkeF;Z dk Øedwa
le>s fcuk f'k"; dk ifj.kke pfy tk; ;k vkÙkZè;ku gks tk;
rks lqxfr fcxfM tk;] èkeZdk viokn gks tk;] vU; eqfuèkeZesa
f'kfFky gkstk;] rks cM+k vuFkZ gSA
rFkk ;ks euq"; vkgkje; gS] vkgkjrSa thoS gS] vkgkj ghdks
fujarj okaNk djS gSA vj tc jksxds o'krSa rFkk R;kx djusrSa vkgkj
NwfV tk; rfn nq%[kdfj Kku&pkfj=kesa f'kfFky gks;] èkeZè;ku
jfgr gks tk; rks cgqJqr xq# ,slk mins'k djS tkdfj {kqèkk r`"kk
dh osnuk&jfgr gks; mins'k :i ve`rdfj lhapk gqvk leLr
Dys'kjfgr Hk;k èkeZè;kuesa yhu gks tk; gS A {kqèkk r`"kk
jksxkfnddh osnuk lfgr f'k";dwa èkeZdk mins'k:i ve`r dk
iku vj f'k{kk :i Hkkstudfj Kkulfgr xq# gh osnukjfgr djsaA
cgqJqrh dk vkèkkj fcuk èkeZ jgS ukgha A rkrSa vkèkkjoku vkpk;Z
gks; rkghdk 'kj.k djuk ;ksX; gS A cgqfj tks f'k"; osnukdfj
nq%f[kr gks; rkds gLr ikn eLrddk nkcuk] Li'kZukfn djuk]
fe"V&opu dguk bR;kfnddfj nq%[k nwj djS rFkk iwoSZ ts vusd
lkèkq pksjijh"kg lgdfj vkRedY;k.k fd;k frudh d"kkds
dgusdfj rFkk nsgrSa fHkUu vkRekdk vuqHko djkousdfj
osnukjfgr djsaA rFkk Hkks equs ! vc nq%[kesa èkS;Z èkkj.k djks lalkjesa
dkSu&dkSu nq%[k ukgha Hkksxs \ vc ohrjkxdk 'kj.k xzg.k djksxs
rks nq%[kfudk uk'k dfj dY;k.kdwa çkIr gksoksxs bR;kfnd cgqr
çdkj dfg ekxZlaw ukgha pyus nsoS rkrSa vkèkkjoku xq# ghdk 'kj.k
;ksX; gS AA2AA
cgqfj tks O;ogkj çk;f'pÙklw=kfudk Kkrk gks;A tkrs
çk;f'pÙklw=k vkpk;Z gksus ;ksX; gks; frlghdwa i<+koS gSa vkSjfuds
i<+us ;ksX; ukghaA tks ftuvkxedk Kkrk vj egkèkS;Zoku
çcycqf¼dk èkkjd gks; lks çk;f'pÙk nsoS gS A vj æO; {ks=k dky
Hkko] fØ;k] ifj.kke] mRlkg] laguu] i;kZ; tks nh{kkdk dky
vj 'kkL=kkKku iq#"kkFkkZfnd vkNh jhfr tkf.k jkx}s"kjfgr gks;
lks çk;f'pÙk nsoS gSA
HkkokFkZ&&&tkesa ,slh çoh.krk gks; tks ;kdwa ,slk
çk;f'pÙk fn;s ;kdk ifj.kke mTToy gks;xk] vj nks"kdk vHkko
gks;xk] ozrfuesa n`<rk gks;xh] ,slk Kkrk gks;] tkds vkgkj dh
;ksX;rk v;ksX;rkdk Kku gks;] rFkk ;k {ks=kesa ,slk çk;f'pr dk
fuokZg gks;xk ok ;k {ks=kesa fuokZg ukgh gks;xk rFkk bl {ks=kesa okr
fiÙk diQ 'khr m".krkdh vfèkdrk gS fd ghurk gS fd leiuk
^gS] vFkok bl {ks=k esa feF;kn`f"Vfudks vfèkdrk gS fd eanrk gS]
rFkk èkekZRekfu dks ghurk vfèkdrkdwa tkf.k çk;f'pÙkdk fuokZg
ns[kS A cgqfj 'khr m".k o"kkZ dkydwa rFkk volfiZ.kh mRlfi.khdk
r`rh; prqFkZ iape dkykfnd ds vkèkhu çk;f'pÙkdk fuokZg ns[kS
A cgqfj ifj.kke ns[kS rFkk ri'pj.k esa ;kds rhoz mRlkg gS fd ean
gS rkdwa ns[kS A cgqfj laguudks ghurk vfèkdrk rFkk cydks eanrk
rhozrk ns[kS A rFkk ;s cgqr dkydk nhf{kr gS fd uohu nhf{kr gS]
rFkk lgu'khy gS fd dk;j gS] lks ns[kS A rFkk oky ;qok o`¼
voLFkkdwa ns[kS A cgqfj vkxe dk Kkrk gS fd eanKkuh gS lks ns[kS A
rFkk iq#"kkFkhZ gS fd fu#|eh gS bR;kfnd dk Kkrk gks; çk;f'pÙk
ns[kSA tSls nks"k:i fiQj vkpkj ukgha djS vj iwoZd`r nks"k nwfj gks;
rSls lw=kds vuqdway çk;f'pÙk nsoS A tks xq#fuds fudV çk;f'pÙk
lw=k 'kCnraS vFkZrSa i<Ôk ukgha vkSjfudwa çk;f'pÙk nsoS gS lks
lalkj:i dnZee MwcS gS] vj vi;'kdwa miktZu djS gS rFkk
mUekxZdk mins'kdfj lE;d~ ekxZdk uk'kdfj feF;kn`f"V gks; gSA
tks ,rs xq.kdk èkkjd gks; rkdwa çk;f'r lw=k i<k; xq# viuk
vkpk;Zin ns gSA
tks egkdqyesa miT;k] O;ogkj ijekFkZ dk Kkrk gks;] dksÅ
dkyesagw vius ewyxq.kfuesa vfrpkj ukgha yxk;k gks;] P;kfj
vuq;ksxleqædk ikjxkeh gks;] èkS;Zoku gks;] dqyoku gks; ijh"kg
thrus esa leFkZ gks;] nsofudfj dh;k milxZrS gw tks pyk;eku
ukgha gks;] oDrkiuk dh 'kfDrdk èkkjd gks;] oknhçfroknhfu ds
thrus esa leFkZ gks;] fo"k;furS vR;Ur fojDr gks;] cgqrdky
xq#dqy ls;k gks;] loZla?kds ekU; gks;] ifgys gh leLr la?k
tkdwa vkpk;Ziukdh ;ksX;rk tk.ks lksgh xq#fudk fn;k çk;f'pÙk
lw=kdk Kkrk gks; vkpk;Ziuk ikoS] lks çk;f'pÙk nscs A ,rs xq.kfu
fouk tSls ew< oS| ns'k dky çd`R;kfnd ukgha tkuS rks jksxh dwaekjS
gS rSls O;ogkj lw=kjfgrew< xq# gw lalkjesa McksoS A rkrSa
O;ogkjoku gh vkpk;Z gks; gS AA3AA
cgqfj vkpk;Z çdrkZ xq.kla;qDr gks;! la?kesa dkSÅ jksxh gks;
ok o`¼ gks;] v'kDr gks;] dksÅ cky gks;] dksÅ laU;kl èkj.k
fd;k gks; frudh oS;ko`R;esa ;qDr fd;s ts eqfu rs Vgy djS gh]
ijUrq vki vkpk;Z gw la?k equh'ojfuesa tks v'kDr gks tk; rkdk
mBkouk cSBkouk] 'k;u djkouk rFkk eyew=kdiQkfnd rFkk
jkfèk#fèkjkfnd 'kjhjrsa nwfj djuk] èkksouk mBkouk] çklqdHkwfe esa
LFkkiuk] èkeksZins'k nsuk] èkeZxzg.k djkouk] bR;kfnd vknjiwoZd
HkfDrraS oS;ko`R; djsaA frudwa nsf[k leLr la?kds eqfu oS;ko`R; esa
lkoèkku gks; fopkjs gSa& vgks èkU; gS ;s xq# Hkxoku~ ijes"Bh
d#.kkfuèkku ftuds èkekZRekesa okRlY; gSaA ge fua| gSa] vkylh
gks; jgs gSa] gedwa gksrs gw lsok djsa gSaA ;g gekjk çeknhiuk
fèkDdkjus ;ksX; gS] cUèkdk dkj.k gS] ,slk fopkj leLr la?k
oS;ko`R; esa m|eh gks; gS A tks vkpk;Z vki çeknh gks; rks ldy
la?k okRlY;jfgr gks tk; A ;krSa vkpk;Zdk dr`ZRoxq.k eq[; gS A
leLr la?kdks oS;ko`R; djusdk tkdk lkeF;Z gks; lks vkpk;Z
gks; gS A dksÅ gh.kkpkjh gks; rkdwa 'kq¼ vkpkj xzg.k djkos]
dksÅ eUnKkuh gks; frudwa le>k; pkfj=k esa yxkoS] dsbfudwa
çk;f'pÙk ns; 'kq¼ djS] dksÅdwa èkeksZins'k ns; n`<rk djS A èkU;
gS vkpk;Z ! ftuds 'kj.k çkIr gks x;k frudwa eks{kekxZ esa yxk;
m¼kj djsa gSa A ;krSa vkpk;Zdk çdÙkkZ uke xq.k çèkku gS AA4AA
cgqfj vik;ksik;fon'khZ ukek ikapeks xq.k gS A dksÅ lkèkq
{kqèkk r`"kk jksx osnuk dfj ihfMr gqvk Dysf'kr ifj.kke:i gks
tk;] rFkk rhoz jkx}s"k:i gks tk; rFkk yTtkdfj Hk;dfj
;Fkkor~ vkykspuk ukgha djS] rFkk jRu=k;esa mRlkg jfgr gks tk;]
èkeZ esa f'kfFky gks tk;] rkdwa vik; ekfu jRu=k;dk uk'k vj
mik;] jRu=k;dks j{kkfu dk çxV xq.k nks"k ,slk fn[kkoS tks
jRu=k;dk uk'k gksusrsa daik;eku gks tk; vj jRu=k;dk uk'krSa
viuk uk'k vj ujdkfn dqxfresa iru lk{kkr~ fn[kkoS vj jRu=k;
dh j{kkrS lalkjrSa m¼kj gks; vuUr lq[kdks çkfIr gks;] lks
vik;ksik;fon'khZ uke xq.kdk èkkjd vkpk;Z gks; gS A bgka mins'k
fn[kk;s dFku cgqr gks tk; rkrsa ukgha fy[;kA5A
vc voihMd uke NBk xq.k dfg;s gSA dksÅ eqfu jRu=k;
èkkj.k djdS gw yTtkdfj Hk;dfj vfHkeku xkSjokfndfj viuh
vkykspuk ;Fkkor~ 'kq¼ ukgha djS rks vkpk;Z rkdwa Lusgdh Hkjh]
d.kZfudwa fe"V vj ân; esa ços'k djusokyh f'k{kk djS tks gs equs !
cgqr nqyZHk jRu=k;dk ykHk rkdwa ek;kpkjdfj u"V efr djksA
ekrk firk leku xq#fuds fudV vius nks"k çxV djus esa dgk
yTtk gS A vj okRlY;ds èkkjd xq# gw vius f'k";ds nks"k çxV
dfj f'k";dk vj èkeZdk viokn ukgha djkoS gSa A rkraS 'kY; nwfj
dfj vkykspuk djksA tSls jRu=k; dh 'kq¼rk vj ri'pj.kdk
fuokZg gks;xk rSls æO; {ks=k dky Hkkods vuqlkj çk;f'pÙk rqedwa
fn;k tk;xkA rkrSa Hk; R;kfx vkykspuk funksZ"k ,sls Lusg :i
opu dfjds tksgw ek;k 'kY; ukgha R;kxS rks rstdk èkkjd vkpk;Z
f'k";dks 'kY;dwa tcjhrSa fudklS A ftl dky vkpk;Z f'k";dwa iwNS
gSa tks gs equs ! ;s nks"k ,sls gh gSa lR;kFkZ dgks A rfn muds rst rids
çHkkorsa tSls flagdwa ns[krs gh L;ky [kk;k gqvk ekaldwa rRdky
mxys gS rFkk tSls egku çp.M rstLoh jktk vijkèkhdwa iwNs rfn
rRdky lR; dgrk gh c.kS] rSlSa f'k";gw ek;k'kY;dwa fudklS gS A
vj ek;kpkj ukgha NkaMs rks xq# frjLdkjds opu gw dgSa&gs equs !
gekjs la?krsa fudfl tkgq] gedfj rqEgkjs dgk ç;kstu gS A tks
viuk 'kjhjkfnddk eSy èkks;k pkgsxk lks fueZy tyds Hkjs
ljksojdwa çkIr gks;xkA tks viuk egku jksxdwa nwfj fd;k pkgsxk
lks çoh.k oS|dwa çkIr gks;xkA rSlsa tks jRu=k; :i ijeèkeZdk
vfrpkj nwfj dfj mTToyrk fd;k pkgsxk lks xq#fudk vkJ;
djsxk A gw rqEgkjs jRu=k; dh 'kq¼rk djus esa vknj ukgha rkrSa ;s
eqfui.kk ozr èkkj.k] uXu gks; {kqèkkfn ijh"kg lgusdh foMacuk
dfj dgk lkè; gS \ laoj futZjk rks d"kk;fu ds thrusrsa gS] ek;k
&d"kk;dk gh R;kx ukgha fd;k rfn ozr la;e ekSu èkkj.k o`Fkk gS A
uXurk vj ijh"kg lgurk ek;kpkjhdk o`Fkk gSA fr;aZp gw
ifjxzgjfgr uXu jgS gh gSa] ;krSa rqe nwj HkO; gks gekjs oanus ;ksX;
ukgha gks A vj rqEgkjs ifj.kke ,sls gSa tks gekjk nks"k çxV gks; rks
ge fua| gks; tkosa] gekjk mPpi.kk ?kfV tk;] lks ,slk ekuuk
caèkdk dkj.k gS A Je.k rks Lrqfr fuankesa lekuifj.kkeh gks; gSa A
,sls xq# dBksj opu dfg dfjds gw¡ ek;kpkjkfndk vHkko djkosaA
dSlk gks; voihMd vkpk;Z \ tks cyoku gks;] milxZ
ijh"kg vk;s dk;j ukgha gks;] çrkioku gks;] tkdk opu dksÅ
mYya?ku djusesa leFkZ ukgha gks; A vj çHkkooku gks; A tkdwa
ns[krsçek.k nks"kdk èkkjd lkèkq dkaius yfx tk;] tkdwa cM+s cM+s
fo|kds èkkjd uezhHkwr gks; oanuk djsa] tkdh mTToy dhfrZ
fo[;kr gks;] tkdh dhfrZ lqurs gh tkds xq.kfuesa n`<+ J¼k gks
tk;] tkdk opu txr esa ns[;k fcuk gh nwjns'kfuesa çek.k djS]
flagdks T;ksa fuHkZ; gks;A ,slk voihM+d xq.kdk èkkjd xq# gks;
lks tSls f'k"; dk fgr gks; rSls midkj dj gSA tSls ckyddk
fgrus fprou djrh ekrk #nu djrk gw ckyddwa nkcdfj eq[k
iQkfM tcjhr ?k`rnqXèkfn iku djkoS gS] ,sls f'k";dk fgrdwa
fprou djrk vkpk;Z gw ek;k'kY;jfgr {kiddk cykRdkj dfj
nks"k nwj dj gS A vFkok dVqd vkS"kfèk T;ksa i'pkr~ fgr djS gS A
tks ftàokdfjds fe"V cksys vj f'k";dwa nks"kr ukgha NqMkoS lks
xq# Hkyk ukgha A vj tks vkpj.kdfj rkMukgw dfj nks"kfursa fHkUu
djS gS lks xq# iwtus ;ksX; gS A ;krSa voihMdxq.kdk èkkjd gh
vkpk;Z gks; gS AA6AA
vc vifjlzkoh xq.kdwa dgSa gSa A tks f'k"; xq#fudwa nks"k vkykspuk
djS lks nks"k vU;dwa xq# çdk'k ukgha djS A tSlS rIrk;eku
yksgdfj ih;k ty lks cká çdV ukgha gks; rSls f'k";dfj Jo.k
fd;k nks"k vkpk;Zgw fdlhdwa ukgh t.kkoS gS] lksgh vifjlzhoh
uke xq.k gSA f'k"; rks xq#dk fo'okl djdS dgS] vj xq# tks
f'k";dk nks"k çdV djS vU; tukoS rks og xq# ukgh] vèke gS]
fo'okl?kkrh gSA dksÅ f'k"; viuk nks"kdks çdVrk tkfu nq%f[kr
gks; vkRe?kkr djS gS ok Øksèkh gks; jRu=k;dk R;kx djS gS] rFkk
xq#dks nq"Vrk tkfu vU; la?kesa tk; rFkk tSls gekjh voKk djh
rSlSa rqEgkjh gw voKk djSxk ,slsa leLr la?kesa ?kks"k.kk çxV gks;]
leLrla?k vkpk;Zfudk çrhfrjfgr gkstk;] vkpk;Z lcds R;kT;
gkstk; bR;kfnd cgqr nks"k vkoS A cgqr dgs dFkuh cfèk tk; rkrSa
vifjlzkoh xq.kdk èkkjd gh vkpk;Z gks; gS AA7AA
vc vkpk;Z fu;kZid gks;A tSls [ksofV;k leLr
miæofudwa Vkfy ukodwa ikj mrkfj ys tk; rSlsa vkpk;Zgw f'k";dw`
vusd foèulwa cpk; lalkj leqæls ikj djS lks fu;kZid gSAA8AA
,sls vkpkjoku AA1AA vkèkkjoku AA2AA O;ogkjoku AA3AA
çdÙkkZAA4AA vik;ksik;fon'khZ AA5AA voihMd AA6AA vifjlzkoh
AA7AA fu;kZid AA8AA ;g vkpk;Zfuds v"Vxq.kdwa èkkj.k djrs&fuds
xq.kfuesa vuqjkx lks vkpk;ZHkfDr gS A ,sls vkpk;Z&fuds xq.kfudwa
Lej.k djds vkpk;Zfudk Lrou oanuk djrk tks iq#"k v?kZ
mrkj.k djS gS lks iki:i lalkjdh ifjikVhdwa u"Vdfj
v{k;lq[kdwa çkIr gks; gS A ,sls ohrjkx xq# dgS gSaA ,sls vkpk;Z&
HkfDr o.kZu djh AA11AA
12- cgqJqr HkfDr Hkkouk
vc cgqJqrHkfDr uke ckjeh Hkkoukdwa dgS gSa A tks
vax&iwokZfnddk Kkrk rFkk P;kj vuq;ksxfudk ikjxkeh tks
fujUrj vki ijekxedwai<+s] vU; f'k";fudwa i<koS rs cgqJqrh gSaA
rFkk ftuds JqrKku gh fnO;us=k gSa] vj viuk vj ijdk fgr
djusesa çorZrS vj vius ftu&fl¼kUr vj vU; ,dkarhfuds
fl¼kUrfudk foLrkjrs tkuus okys L;k}kn:i ije fo|k ds
èkkjd frudh tks HkfDr lks cgqJqrHkfDr gSaA cgqJqrhdks efgek
dkSu dgusdwa leFkZ gS A ts fujUrj JqrKkudk nku djS gS ,sls
mikè;k; frudh HkfDr fou;dfj lfgr djSa gSa rs 'kkL=k :i
leqædk ikjxkeh gks; gSa A ts vîõ iwoZ çdh.kZd ftusUæus o.kZu
fd;s fru leLr ftukxedwa fujUrj i<+s i<+kos rs cgqJqrh gSa A bgk
çFke vkpkjkax rkeSa vBkjg gtkj infuesa eqfuèkeZdk o.kZu
gSAA1AA lw=kkd`rkîõxdk NÙkhl gtkj in gSa fruesa ftusUæ ds Jqrds
vkjkèkku djus dh fou; fØ;kdk o.kZu gS AA2AA LFkkukax dk
O;kyhl gtkj infuesa "kV~æO;fudk ,dkfn vusd LFkkudk o.kZu
gSa AA3AA leok;kax ,d yk[k pkSlfB gtkj infuesa gS fruesa
thokfnd inkFkZfudk æO; {ks=k dky Hkkods vkfJr lekurk dk
o.kZu gS AA4AA O;k[;k çKfIr vax ds nks; y{k vB~BkbZl gtkj
infuesa thodk vfLr&ukfLr bR;kfn x.kèkjfu dfj dh;s lkfB
gtkj infudk o.kZu gS AA5AA Kkr`èkeZdFkkaxds ikap y{k NIiu
gtkj infues a x.kèkjfudfj dks ; s ç'ufuds vuq l kj
thokfndfudk LoHkkodk o.kZu gS AA6AA mikldkè;;u uke
vîõxds X;kjg y{k lÙkj gtkj infuesa Jkodds ozr 'khyvkpkj
fØ;kdk rFkk ;kdk eU=kfudk mins'k dk o.kZu gSa AA7AA
vUrd`rn'kkaxds rsbZl y{k vBkbZl gtkj infuesa ,d ,d
rhFkaZdjds rhFkZ esa n'k 2 equh'oj milxZ lfgr fuokZ.k çkIr Hk;s
frudk dFku gS AA8AA vuqÙkjksi&ikndn'kkaxds ck.koS y{k
pkSokyhl gtkj infuesa ,d ,d rhFkZdjds rhFkZesa n'k n'k
equh'oj egk Hk;îõj ?kksj milxZ lfg nsofursa iwtk ik;
fot;kfnd vuqÙkj foekufuesa mits frudk o.kZu gS AA9AA
ç'uO;kdj.k uke vîõds =;kuoS y{k "kksM'k lglz infuesa u"V
eqf"V ykHk vykHk lq[k nq%[k thfor ej.kkfndds ç'udk o.kZu
gS AA10AA foikdlw=kkaxds ,ddksfV pkSjklh y{k infuesa deZfudk
mn; mnhj.kk lÙkkdk o.kZu gS AA11AA vj n`f"Vokn uke ckje
vîõdk ikap Hksn gS%&ifjdeZ] lw=k] çFkekuq;ksx] iwoZ] pwfydkA
fruesa ifjdeZdkgw ikap Hksn gSa A fruesa paæçKkfIr ds Ng
y{k ikap gtkj infuesa paæekdk vk;q xfr vj dykdh
gkfuo`f¼ vj nsohfoHko ifjokjkfnddk o.kZu gS AA1AA vj
lw;ZçKfIrds ikap y{k rhu gtkj infuesa lw;Zdk vk;q xfr
foHkokfnddk o.kZu gS AA2AA tacw}hi&çKfIrds rhu y{k iphl
gtkj infuesa tacw}hilEcUèkh {ks=k dqykpy æg unh
bR;kfndfudk fu:i.k gS AA3AA }hilkxjçKfIr ds ckou y{k
NÙkhl gtkj infu esa vla[;kr }hi&leqæfudk vj eè;yksdds
ftu Hkoufudk] vj Hkouoklh O;arj T;ksfr"d nsofuds
fuoklfudk o.kZu gS AA4AA O;k[;kçKfIrds pkSjklh y{k NIiu
gtkj infuesa tho iqn~xykfn æO;dk fu:i.k gS AA5AA ,sls iap
çdkj ifjdeZ dák A
vc n`f"Vokn vîõdk nwtk Hksn lw=kds vB~Bklh y{k
infuesa tho vfLr:i gh gSa] ukfLr:i gh gS drkZ gh gS] HkksDrk
gh gS bR;kfn ,dkarokndfj dfYir thodk Lo:i dk o.kZu gS
AA2AA cgqfj n`f"Vokn dk rhtk Hksn çFkekuq ;ksx ds ikap gtkj
infuesa =kslfB egkiq:"kfuds pfj=kdk o.kZu gS AA3AA
vc n`f"Vokn vîõdk prqFkZHksnesa pkSngiwoZ gSa fruesa
mRikniwoZds ,ddksfV infuesa thokfnd æO;fudk mRiknkfn
LoHkkodk fu:i.k gS AA1AA vxzk;.khiwoZds fN;kuoSdksfV infuesa
}kn'kkax dk lkjHkwr lIr rRo uo inkFkZ "kV~ æO; lkrlS lqu;
nquZ;kfnddk Lo:idk o.kZu gS AA2AA oh;kZ&uqokn ds lIry{k
infuesa vkReoh;Z] ijoh;Z] dkeoh;Z] dkyoh;Z] Hkkooh;Z]
riksoh;kZfn leLr æO;xq.k i;kZ;fudk oh;Zdk fu:i.k gS AA3AA
vfLrukfLrçokn uke iwoZds lkfB y{k infuesa thokfn æO;fudk
LoæO;kfnprq"V;dh vis{kk vfLr vkSj ijæO;kfn prq"V;dks
vis{kk ukfLr bR;kfnd lIr Hkîõxkfnd] rFkk fuR; vfuR; ,d
vusdkfndfudk fojksèkjfgr o.kZu gS AA4AA Kkuçokn iwoZds ,d
?kkfV dksfV infuesa efr Jqfr vofèk eu%i;Z; dsoy ;s ikap Kku
vj dqefr dqJqr foHkîõ ;s rhu vKku budk Lo:i la[;k fo"k;
iQyfuds vkJ; çek.kiuk vçek.kiukdk o.kZu gS AA5AA
lR;çokniwoZds Ng vfèkd ,ddksfV infuesa opuxqfIr vj
opuds laLdkj&dkj.k vj }kn'k Hkk"kk vj cgqr çdkj vlR;
vj n'k çdkjds lR;dk o.kZu gS AA5AA vkReçokniwoZds NCchl
dksfV infuesa vkRek tho gS] dÙkkZ gS] HkksDrk gS] çk.kh gS] oDrk
gS] iqn~xy gS] osn gS] fo".kq gS] Lo;aHkw gS] 'kjhjeku] oDrk 'kDrk
tUrq ekuh ek;h fo;ksxh vladqV {ks=kK bR;kfn Lo:idk o.kZu gS
AA7AA deZçokniwoZds ,ddksfV vLlhyk[k infuesa deZfudk caèk
mn; mnhj.kk lÙo mRd"kZ.k mi'keu laØe.k fuèkfÙk
fudkfprkfn voLFkk vj bZ;kZiFk riL;k vèk%dekZfndfudk
o.kZu gSA AA8AA çR;k[;kuiwoZds pkSjklh y{k infuesa uke LFkkiuk
æO; {ks=kdky Hkkofudwa vkJ; dfj iq#"kfudk laguu vj
cykfndfuds vuqlkj çek.khd dky ok vçek.khd dky fy;s
R;kx vj ikilfgr oLrqrS fujkyk gksuk vj miokl dh Hkkouk
vj iaplfefr vj rhuxqfIrdk o.kZu gS AA9AA fo|kuqoknds
,ddksfV n'ky{k infuesa vaxq"Bçlsukfnd lkrlS vYifo|k] vj
jksfg.kh vkfn ikaplS egkfo|kfudk Lo:i] lkeF;Z vj budk
lkèku ea=k ra=k iwtk&foèkkudk] vj fl¼ HkbZ frudk iQydk] vj
vUrfj{k ekSu vîõ Loj LoIu y{k.k O;atu fNUu ;s v"Vçdkj
fufeÙkKkudk o.kZu gS AA10AA dY;k.kkuqokniwoZds NCchldksfV
infuesa rhFkZdj pØèkj cynso çfroklqnsokfndfudk xHkZdY;k
&.kkfnd egkmRlofudk vj bu infudk dkj.k "kksM'kHkkouk ok
rifo'ks"k vkpj.kkfndfudk vj paæek lw;Z] xzg u{k=kkfudk
xeu rFkk xzg.k 'kdqukfndds iQydk o.kZu gS AA11AA çk.kçokn
iwoZds rsjgdksfV infuesa dk;kdks fpfdRlkdk v"Vkax vk;qosZn
tks oS|fo|k rkdk HkwrdeZdk vj tkaxfydk vj byk fiaxykfnd
LoklksPNokldk vj xfrds vuqlkj n'kçk.kfuds midkjd
æO;fudk o.kZu gS AA12AA fØ;kfo'kkyds uodksfV infuesa
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ckykocksèk U;k;&nhfidk bR;kfnd ftuèkeZds LraHk æO;fudk
çek.k dfj fu.kZ; djrs vusdkUrdk Hkj;k gqvk æC;kuq;ksxxzUFk
t;oUrs çorsZ gSaA
vj dj.kkuq;ksxdk xksEeVlkj] yfCèklkj] {ki.kklkj]
f=kyksdlkjkfnd vusd xzUFk gSa A rFkk pj.kkuq;ksxds ewykpkj]
vkpkjlkj] jRudj.Ä Jkodkpkj] Hkxorh vkjkèkuk]
Lokfedkfrds ; kuq ç s { kk] vkRekuq ' kklu] in~ e ufUniPphlh
bR;kfnd vusd xzUFk gSaA rFkk tSusUæ O;kdj.k vusdkUrdk HkjFkk
gSA rFkk çFkekuq;ksxds ftulsukpk;Zd`r vkfniqjk.k rFkk xq.k
Hkækpk;Zd`r mÙkjiqjk.k bR;kfnd ftusUæds ijekxeds vuqlkj
mins'kh xzUFk rFkk iqjk.k pfj=k vkpkjds vusd xzUFk gSa frudwa
cM+h HkfDrrS iBu djuk rFkk Jo.k djuk rFkk O;k[;ku djuk
leLr çopuHkfDr gSA
 esjs 'kkL=kdk vH;klesa fnu tks tk; lks èkU; gS A
ijekxedk vH;kl fcuk gekjs tks dky tk; lks o`Fkk gS A
Lokè;k; fcuk 'kqHk è;ku ukgha gks; A 'kkL=kkdk vH;kl fcuk
ikilw ukgha NwV gS] d"kk;fudks eUnrk ukgha gks; A 'kkL=kdk lsou
fcuk lalkj nsg Hkksxfur fojkxrk ukgha mitS gSA leLr O;ogkjdks
mTToyrk ijekFkZdk fopkj vkxedk lsours gh gks; gSA Jqrdk
lsouuS txresa ekU;rk mPprk mTToyrk vknj lRdkjdwa çkIr
gks; gS A lE;XKku gh ijeckaèko gS] mRd`"V èku gS] ijefe=k gS A
lE;XKku vfouk'kh èku gSA Lons'kesa] ijns'kesa] lq[k voLFkkesa]
nq%[kesa vkinkesa lEinkesa] ije'kj.kHkwr lE;XKku gh gS A Lokèkhu
vfouk'kh èku Kku gh gS A ;krSa 'kkL=kkfuds vFkZ gh dk lsou
djukA viuh vkRekdwa fuR; Kkunku djks A viuh lUrkudwa rFkk
f'k";fudwa Kkunku gks djksA Kkunku nsus leku dksfVèkudk nku
ugha gS A èku rks en mitkoS gS] fo"k;fuesa mj>koS] nqè;kZu djS]
lalkj:i vUèkdwaiesa Mcksos] rkrSa Kkunku leku nku ukgha A ,d
'yksd] vèkZ'yksd] ,d in ek=kgwdk tks fuR; vH;kl dj rks
'kkL=kkFkZdk ikjxkeh gkstk; A fo|k gS lks ije&nsork gS tks
ekrkfirk KkukH;kl djkoS gSa rs dksVÔkaèku fn;k A ts lE;XKkuds
nkrk xq# gSa frudk midkj leku =kSyksD;esa dksÅ midkjd ukgha A
vj tks Kkuds nsusokyk xq#dk midkjdwa yksiS gS frl leku
d`r?uh ukgh] ikih ukgha A Kkudk vH;kl fouk O;ogkj ijekFkZ
nksÅfuesa ew< gS A ;krSa çopuHkfDr gh ijedY;k.k gSA çopudk
lsoufouk euq"; i'kqleku gSA ;k çopu HkfDr gtkjka nks"kfudk
uk'k djusokyh gS A ;kdk HkfDriwoZd v?kZ mrkj.k djksA ;kghrSa
lE;Xn'kZu dks mTToyrk gks; gSA ,sls çopu HkfDr ukek rsjeh
Hkkouk o.kZu djh AA13AA
14-vko';dkifjgkf.k Hkkouk
vc vko';dkifjgkf.k uke pkSngeh Hkkouk o.kZu djSa gSa A
vo'; djus;ksX; gks; rkdwa vko';d dfg;s gSA vko';dfudh
tks gkfu ukgha djusdk fparou lks vko';dkifjgkf.k uke
Hkkouk gSA vFkok bafæ;fuds o'kukgha lks vo'; dfg;s A vo';
ts eqfu] frudh tks fØ;k lks vko';d gSA vko';ddh gkfu
ukgha djuk lks vko';dkifjgkf.k dfg;s A rs vko';d Ng
çdkj gS%&&lkekf;d] Lrou] oUnuk çfrØe.k] Lokè;k;]
dk;ksRlxZ A ;s Ng vko';d gSa lks dfj;s gSa A tks nsgrSa fHkUu
Kkue; gh tkds nsg ,slk ijekReLo:i deZjfgr pSrU;ek=k 'kq¼
thodwa ,dkxzdkj è;kork eqfu gS lkS loksZRd`"V fuokZ.kdwa çkIr
gks; gS A vj tks fodYijfgr 'kq¼ vkRekds xq.kfuesa vkidk eu
ukgh fr"Bs rks riLoh eqfu "kV~ vko';dfØ;k gSa frudks iq"V djks]
vîõhdkj djks A vj vkors v'kqHkdeZds vklzodwa fujkdj.k djks]
Vkyks A çFke rks lqUnj vlqUnj oLrqesa rFkk 'kqHk v'kqHk deZds
mn;esa jkx&}s"k efr djks rFkk vkgkj ofLrdkfndfudk ykHkesa
ok vykHk esa leHkko djks A tkrsa Lrqfresa fuankesa] vknj esa
vuknjesa] ik"kk.kesa jRuesa] thousesa] ok ej.kesa jkx}s"kjfgr
ifj.kke gksuk lks leHkko gS A tkrsa lkE;Hkkods èkkjd gSa rs cká
iqn~xyfudwa vpsru vj vkirS fHkUu vj vius vkReLoHkkoesa
gkfu o`f¼ds vdrkZ tkfu jkx}s"k NkaMS gS A vj vkidwa 'kq¼ Kkrk
n`"Vk:i vuqHko djrk jkx}s"kkfnfodkj jfgr fr"B gS rkds
lkE;Hkko gks; gS] lksgh lkekf;d gSA
cgqfj Hkxoku ftusUæ ds vusd ukefudfj Lrou djuk lks
Lrou uke vko';d gS A lks deZ:i oSjhdwa vki thrs rkraS ^ftu*
gks A vj vius Lo:iesa vkidfj vki fr"Bks gks rkrsa Lo;aHkw gks A
vj dsoyKku:idk us=kdfj f=kdkyorhZ inkFkZfud tkuks gks rkrS
f=kykspu gksA vj vki eksg:i vUèklqjdwa ekj~;k rkrSa vUèkdkar&
dgks A vki ?kkfr;kdeZ :i vèkZoSjhfudk uk'k djds gh vf}rh;
bZ'ojiuk ik;k rkrSa vèkZukjh'oj gks A vki f'koin tks fuokZ.kin
rkesa cls rkrSa vki f'ko gks A iki:i cSjh dk lagkj djks gks rkrSa
vki gj gks A yksdesa lq[kdk drkZ rkrSa vki 'kadj gks A 'ka tks ije
vkuUn:i lq[k rkesa mits rkrS 'kaHkw gksA o`"k tks èkeZ rkdfj fniks
gks rkrsa vki o`"kHk gks A vj txrds ldy çk.khfuesa xq.kfudfj
cM+s rkrS txTT;s"B gks A d tks leLr thofudh ikyuk djks rkrS
vki dikyh gks A dsoyKkudfj leLr yksd vyksd esa O;kIr gks
jgs rkraS vki fo".kq gks A vj tUetjkej.k:i f=kiqjdwa ekj;k rkrSa
vki f=kiqjkard gks A ,slsa ,d gtkj vkB ukedfj vkidk Lrou
baæ fd;k gS A vj xq.kfudh vis{kk vkidk vuUr uke gSA ,sls
Hkkofuesa xq.kfproudfj tks pkSchl rhFkZdjfudk Lrou djS gS
lks Lrou uke vko';d gS AA2AA
cgqfj prqfoZ'kfr rhFkaZdjfuesarSa ,d rhFkZdjdks ok vjgar
fl¼ vkpk;Z mikè;k; loZlkèkqfuesarS ,ddwa eq[;dfj Lrqfr
djuk lks oUnuk vko';d gS AA3AA cgqfj tks leLr fnuesa çeknds
o'k gks; rFkk d"kk;fuds o'k gks; ok fo"k;fuesa jkx}s"kh gks;
dksÅ ,dsfUæ;kfnd thofudk ?kkr fd;k rFkk vuFkZd çorZu
fd;k ok lnks"k Hkkstu fd;k ok fdlh thodk çk.k ihfMr fd;k
rFkk ddZ'k dBksj feF;k opu dák ok fdlhdh fuUnk viokn
fd;k ok viuh ç'kalk djh ok L=khdFkk HkkstudFkk ns'k dFkk
jkT;dFkk djh] rFkk vnÙkèku xzg.k fd;k] ok ijdk èkuesa
ykylk djh] rFkk ijdh L=khesa jkx fd;k rFkk èkuifjxzgkfndesa
ykylk djh rs leLr iki [kksVs fd;s] caèkds dj.k fd;s A vc
,slk iki:i ifj.kkefulwa Hkxoku iap ijexq# gekjh j{kk djgq A
vc , ifj.kke feF;k gksgqA iap ijes"Bhds çlknrS gekjs iki:i
ifj.kke efr gksgq A ,sls Hkkofudh 'kq¼rkokLrs dk;ksRlxZdfj iap
ueLdkjds uo tkI; djS A ,sls leLr fnudh ço`fÙk laè;kdky
fproudfj ikiifj.kkefudwa fuanuk lks nSofld çfrØe.k gS A
vj jkf=klEcUèkh ikidk nwfjdjusds vfFZk çHkkr çfrØe.k djuk
lks jkf=kd çfrØe.k gS A cgqfj ekxZ esa pkyus esa nks"k yX;k rkdh
'kqf¼dk tks çfrØe.k lks ,s;kZifFkd çfrØe.k gSA ,d i{kds
nks"k fujkdj.kds vfFZk ikf{kd çfrØe.k gS] P;kj eghusds nks"k
fujkdj.kds vfFZk çfrØe.k djuk pkrqekZfld çfrØe.k gSA ,d
o"kZds nks"k fujkdj.kds vfFk lkaoRlfjd çfrØe.k gSA leLr
i;kZ;ds dkydk nks"k fujkdj.kds vfFk vaR;laU;klej.k dks
vkfnesa çfrØe.k gS] lks mÙkekFkZ çfrØe.k gSA ,sls lIr çdkj
çfrØe.k gS fruesa x`gLFkdwa laè;k vj çHkkr rks viuk uiQk VksVk
vo'; ns[kuk ;ksX; gS A bgka tks lkS ipkl #i;kdk O;ogkj
djusokykgw vkFk.kuS fBxkbZ ftrkbZ ns[ks gS rks bl euq"; tUedks
,d ,d ?kM+h dksfVèkuesa nqyZHk] x;ka ikbZa ukgha fey gS] ;kdk
fopkj gw vo'; djuk] tks vkt esjs ijes"Bhdk iwtuesa Lrouesa
dsrk dky x;k \ vj Lokè;k;esa iapijexq#ds 'kkL=kkJo.k esa
rRokFkZdks ppkZesa] èkekZRek dh oS;ko`fÙkesa dsrkdky x;k \ vj
?kjds vkjEHkesa d"kk;esa rFkk fodFkk djus esa] folaoknesa]
Hkkstukfndesa ok vU; bfUæ;fuds fo"k;fuesa] çeknesa] fuækesa]
'kjhjds laLdkjesa] fgalkfnd iap ikifuesa dsrk dky x;k gS \
,slk fproudfj ikiesa cgqr ço`fr HkbZ gks; rks vkidwa fèkDdkj
ns;] ikicaèkds dkj.kfudwa ?kVk;] èkeZ dk;Zesa vkRek dwa ;qDr
djuk ;ksX; gS A iapedkyesa çfrØe.k gh ijekxeesa èkeZ dk gSA
vkRekdk fgr vfgrdk fopkjesa] fujUrj m|eh jguk ;ksX; gS A
;ks çfrØe.k vkRekdh cM+h lkoèkkuh djusokyk gS vj iwoZys
fd;s ikidh futZjk djS gSa AA4AA
cgqfj vkxkeh dkyesa vkids vklzods jksdus ds vfFZk
ikifudk R;kx djuk&tks vkxs eSa ,slk iki dcgwa eu opu
dk;lksa ukagha d:axk lks çR;k[;ku uke vko';d gS] lqxfr dk
dkj.k gS AA5AA cgqfj P;kj vaxqyds vUrjky nksÅ ix cjkscj dfj
[kMk jgS] nksÅ gLrfudwa yEck;ekudfj nsgls eerk NkafM]
ukfldkdk vxzesa n`f"V èkkfj nsgrSa fHkUu 'kq¼ vkRekdks Hkkouk
djuk dk;ksRlxZ gSA fu'py in~eklurS gwa gks;] vj [kM+k nsgdfj
gw gks;] nksÅfuesa 'kq¼ è;kudk voyEcurs liQy gS AA6AA
, Ng vko';d ijeèkeZ:i gSaA budwa iwft iq"ikatfy {ksfi
v?kZ mrkj.k djuk ;ksX; gS A cgqfj , Ng vko';d ijekxe esa
Ng Ng çdkj dák gS A uke] LFkkiuk] æO;] {ks=k] dky Hkko dfj
"kV~ çdkj tkuukA 'kqHk v'kqHk ukedwa Jo.kdfj jkx&}s"k ukgha
djuk lks uke lkekf;d gS A dksÅ LFkkiuk çek.kkfnd dfj lqUnj
gS] dksÅ çek.kkfnddfj ghukfèkddfj vlqUnj gS] fruds fo"k
jkx }s"kdk vHkko lks LFkkiuk lkekf;d gS A lqo.kZ :ik] jRu]
eksrh bR;kfnd vj e`fÙkdk dk"B ik"kk.k daVd Nfj HkLe èkwy
bR;kfndfuesa jkx }s"k jfgr le ns[kuk lks æO; lkekf;d gSA egy
mioukfn je.khd] 'elkukfnd vje.khd {ks=kesa jkx }s"k NksMuk
lks {ks=k lkekf;d gS A fge] f'kf'kj] clar] xzh"e] o"kkZ] 'kjr ;s
Írq vj jkf=k fnol] vj 'kqDyi{k d`".ki{k bR;kfnd dky fo"kS
jkx}s"kdks otZu lks dky lkekf;d gSA vj leLr thofuds nq%[k
efr gksgw ,slk eS=kh Hkkodfj v'kqHk ifj.kkefudk vHkko djuk
lks Hkko lkekf;d gSA ,sls Ng çdkj lkekf;d dákA
vc Ng çdkj Lrou dgS gSa A prqfoa'kfr rhFkaZdjfudk vFkZ lfgr
,d gtkj vkB ukedfj Lrou djuk lks ukeLrou gS A vj d`f=ke
vd`f=ke vifjek.k rhFkaZdj vjgarfuds çfrfocfudk Lrou lks
LFkkiuk Lrou gSA vj leolj.kfLFkr dky nsg çHkk] çkfrgk;kZ
&fndfudfj Lrou lks æO;Lrou gSA vj dSyk'k laesnkpy
ÅtZ;ar (fxjukj) ikokiqj paikiqjkfn fuokZ.k {ks=kfudk rFkk
leolj.kesa èkeksZins'kd {ks=k dk Lrou lks {ks=k Lrou gSA vj
LoxkZorj.k tUe] ri] Kku] fuokZ.kdY;k.kds dkydk Lrou lks
dkyLrou gS A vj dsoyKkukfn vuarprq"V;Hkkodk Lrou lks
HkkoLrou gS A ,slsa Ngçdkj Lrou dgkA rhFkaZdj ok fl¼ rFkk
vkpk;Z mikè;k; lkèkq buesa ,d&,ddk ukedk mPpkj.k djuk
lks ukeoanuk gSA vj vjgar fl¼vkpk;kZfndfuesa ,ddk
çfrfcackfnddh oanuk lks LFkkiuk oanuk gSA fruds 'kjhjdks
canuk lks æC;oanuk gSA vjgar fl¼ vkpk;kZfndfudfj C;kIr tks
{ks=k rkdh oanuk lks {ks=koanuk gSA fru gh iapijexq#fuesa dksÅ
,d dfj O;kIr tks dky rkdh oanuk lks dkyoanuk gSA ;s
rhFkaZdjdk ok fl¼dk ok vkpk;Zdk ok mikè;k; dk ok lkèkqds
vkRexq.kfudwa oanuk djuk Hkkooanuk gS A ,slsa Ng çdkj oanuk
dghA vc Ng çdkj çfrØe.k dgS gSa A v;ksX; ukeds lks
mPpkj.kesa d`rdkfjrvuqeksnuk:i eu opu dk;rsa miT;k
nks"kdk fujkdj.kds vfFZk çfrØe.k djuk lks ukeçfrØe.k gSA
dksÅ 'kqHk v'kqHk LFkkiukdk fufeÙkrS euopudk;rsa miT;k
nks"krsa vkRekdwa fuo`Ùk djuk lks LFkkiukçfrØe.k gS A vj æC; tks
vkgkj iqLrd vkS"kèkfndds fufeÙkrS euopudk;rsa miT;k
nks"kdk fujkdj.k ds vFkZ æO;çfrØe.k gSA {ks=k esa xeu&
LFkkiukfndds fufeÙkrS miT;k v'kqHk ifj.kketfur nks"kfudk
fujkdj.kds vFkZ {ks=kçfrØe.k gS A vj fnol jkf=k i{k ½rq 'khr
m".k o"kkZdky buds fufeÙkrS miT;k vrhpkjdk nwj djusdwa
çfrØe.k djuk lks dky çfrØe.k gSA vj jkx}s"kkfnHkkofurS
miT;k nks"kds nwj djusdwa Hkko&çfrØe.k dgS gSaA
cgqfj v;ksX; ikids dkj.k ds uke mPpkj.k djusdk R;kx
lks ukeçR;k[;ku gS A vj v;ksX; feF;kRokfndds çorkZousokyh
LFkkiuk djus dk R;kx lks LFkkiuk çR;k[;ku gSA ikicaèkdk
dkj.k lnks"k æO; ok rids fufeÙk funksZ"k æO; dkgw euopudk;
dfj R;kx lks æO;çR;k[;ku gS A cgqfj vlatedk dkj.k {ks=kdk
R;kx lks {ks=kçR;k[;ku gS A vlatedk dkj.k dkydk R;kx lks
dky çR;k[;ku gSA feF;kRo vlate d"kk;kfndfudkR;kx lks
HkkoçR;k[;ku gSA ,sls Ngçdkj çR;k[;ku o.kZu fd;kA
vc Ng çdkj dk;ksRlxZdwa dgS gSa A ikids dkj.k dBksj
dVqd ukekfndrS miT;k nks"kdk nwj djusds vFkZ dk;ksRlxZ
djuk lks uke dk;ksRlxZ gS A iki :i LFkkiukdk }kjdfj vk;k
vrhpkj nwj djusdwa dk;ksRlxZ djuk lks LFkkiukdk;ksRlxZ gS A
lnks"kæO;ds lsourS rFkk lnks"k {ks=kdkyds lsourS la;ksxrS miT;k
nks"k nwj djusdwa dk;ksRlxZ djuk lks æO;{ks=kdky dk;ksRlxZ gSA
feF;kRo vla;ekfnd Hkkofudfj dh;k nks"k nwj djusdwa
dk;ksRlxZ djuk lks Hkkodk;ksRlxZ gSA ,sls Ng çdkj Ng
vko';d o.kZu fd;sA vc x`gLFkds vkSj gw Ng çdkjds
vko';d gSaA Hkxoku ftusUædk fuR;iwtu djuk fuxzaFk xq#fudk
lsou] Lrou] fprou fuR; djuk] vj ftusUæ ds ç:is vkxedk
fuR; Lokè;k; djuk] bfUæ;fudwa fo"k;furSa jksduk] Ngdk;
thoudh n;k ikyuk lks la;e gS] 'kfDrçek.k fuR; ri djuk]
'kfä çek.k fuR; nku nsuk ;s "kV~çdkjgw vko';d x`gLFkrdwa
fuR; fu;eraS vaxhdkj djuk ;ksX; gSA ,sls leLr ikidk uk'k
djus okyh] Hkkofudwa mTToy djusokyh vk;';dfudh gkfudk
vHkko:i pkSneh Hkkouk o.kZu djksA
15- lUekxZ Hkkouk
vc lUekxZ çHkkouk uke ianzeh Hkkouk o.kZu djSa gSaA bgk¡
lUekxZ tks eks{kdk lR;kFkZekxZ rkdk çHkko çxV djuk lks ekxZ
çHkkouk gSA lks lUekxZ jRu=k; gS] jRu=k; vkRekdk LoHkko gS]
okdwa feF;kRo jkx] }s"k] dke] dks"k] eku] ek;k] yksHk ;s vukfnrSa
eyhu foijhr dfj jk[;k gSA vc ijekxedk 'kj.k ik; eksdwa
feF;kRokfnd nks"kudwa nwfjdj jRu=k;LoHkkodwa mTToy djuk A
;ks euq";tUe vj bfUæ;iw.kZrk vj Kku'kfDr vj ijekxedk
'kj.k vj lkèkehZfudk lekxe vj jksxkfndfj jfgriuk vj vfr
Dys'kjfgr thfodk bR;kfnd iq.;:i lkexzh ik;djdsgw tks
vkRekdwa feF;kRo d"kk; fo"k;kfndrS ukgha NqMk;k rks vuUrkuUr
nq%[kfudk HkjÔk lalkjleqæraS esjk fudluk vuUrdkygw esa ukgha
gks;xk A tks lkexzh vckj feyh gS lks vuUrdkyesagw vfr nqyZHk gS
A vj vUrjîõ cfgjîõ ldyik; djds gw tks vkRekdk çHkko
ukgha çdV d:axk rks vpkud dky vk; leLr la;ksx u"V dj
nsxkA rkrSa vc eSa jkx}s"k eksg nwjdfj tSls esjk 'kq¼ ohrjkxLo:i
vuqHkoxkspj gks; rSls è;ku Lokè;k;esa rRij gksukA
cgqfj ckáço`fÙk Hkh esjh mTToydfj vUrxZr èkeZ dk
çHkko çxVdfj ekxZçHkkouk djuk tkdwa nsf[k vusd thofuds
ân; esa èkeZdh efgek ços'k dfj tk; A ftusaæ dk mRlo ,slk
djuk tkdwa nsf[k gtkjka yksdfudk Hkko ftusaæds tUedY;k.ke;
tSls bUækfnd nso vfHk"ksddfj viuk tUe liQy fd;k rSlsa
t;t;dkj 'kCn dfj gtkjka Lroudk mPpkj.kdfj yksd vkidwa
d`rkFkZ eku ru eu çiQqfYyr gks tk; rSlSa vfHk"ksd dfj çHkkouk
djukA rFkk ftusaæ dh cM+h HkfDr vj cM+h fou; vj fu'py
è;kudfj ,sls iwtu djks tkdwa djrs ns[krs vj 'kq¼HkfDr ds ikB
i<+rs rFkk Jo.k djrs g"kZds vadwajs çxV gksa; vkuUn ân;esa ukgha
lekork] cká mNyus yx tk; A ftudwa nsf[k feF;kn`f"Vfudk gw
,slk ifj.kke gks tk; vgks ! tSuhfu dh HkfDr vk'p;Z:i gS tkesa
;s funksZ"k mÙke mTToy çek.kh=kQ lkexzh vj ;s mTtoy lqo.kZ ds
:ids rFkk dkalk ihrye; euksgj iwtuds ik=k vj HkfDrds
jldfj Hkjs vFkZlfgr d.kZfudwa ve`r:i lhaprs 'kq¼ v{kjfu dk
mPpkj.k vj ,dkxz:i fou; lfgr 'kCnfuds vuqdwy mTtoy
nzO;dk p<+kouk] vj ;s ije 'kkareqæk:i ohrjkxds çfrfcac
çkfrgk;Zfudfj Hkwf"krdk iwtuk] Lrou djuk ueLdkj djuk]
èkU; iq#"kfu dfj gks; gSA èkU; budk euopudk; vj èku A
budk èku] tks fuokZNd gks; ,sls lUekxZ esa yxkoS gSaA ,slk çHkko
O;kIr gks tk; A vj ns[kusrSa vj Jo.k djusrS fudVHkO;fu ds
vkuUnds vJqikr >jus yfx tk; A
HkfDr gh lalkjleqæ esa Mwcrsfudwa gLrkoyEcu nsus okyh
gS] gekjs Hko&Hkoesa ftusaædh HkfDr gh 'kj.k gksgwA ,slk ftusaædk
fuR; iwtu djuk rFkk v"VkfUgdk ioZ esa rFkk "kksM'kdkj.k
n'ky{k.k jRu=k;ioZ esa leLr iki ds vkjEHk NkafM ftu iwtu
djuk] vkuUnlfgr u`R; djuk] d.kZfudwa fç; ,sls ckfn=k
ctkouk] rFkk Loj rky ewNZukfnlfgr ftusUæ ds xq.k xkousrs
leLr lUekxZ çHkkouk gS A lks ftuds ân; esa lR;kFkZ èkeZ ols gS
fruds çHkkouk gks; gS A cgqfj ftusUæ ds ç:is P;kj vuq;ksxfuds
fl¼kUrfudk ,slk O;k[;ku djuk tkdwa Jo.k djusrSa ,dkUrdk
gB u"V gks;] vusdkUr ân;eSa jfp tk;] ikifursa dkaius yfx
tk;] O;lu NqfVtk;] n;k:ièkeZesa çorZu gkstk;] vHk{;
Hk{k.kdk R;kx gkstk; A ,slk O;k[;ku djuk tkds Jo.k djusrSa
gtkjka euq";fu ds dqnso dqxq# dqèkeZ ds vkjkèku dk R;kx gks;dS
vkjEHk&ifjxzgjfgr xq#fu ds vkjkèku esa n`< J¼ku gks tk; A
rFkk ,slk O;k[;ku djuk tks Jo.kdfj cgqr euq"; jkf=kHkkstu]
v;ksX; Hkkstu] vU;k; dk fo"k;] ijèkuesa jkx NksfM+ ozrfuesa
'khy esa la;eHkko esa lUrks"kHkkoesa yhu gks; tk; A rFkk ,slk
mins'k djuk tkdfj nsgkfnd ijæO;furS fHkUu vius vkRek dk
vuqHko gksuk] i;kZ;esa vkik NwVuk] tho vthokfnd æè;fudk
çek.ku;fu{ksifu dfj fu.kZ; gks; la'k;jfgr æO;xq.ki;kZ;fu
dk lR;kFkZ Lo:i çxV gks tkuk] feF;k vUèkdkj nwj gksuk] ,slk
vkxe dk O;k[;kursa lUekxZ dks çHkkouk gks; gSA
cgqfj ?kksj ri'pj.k djuk] tks dk;jfu dfj ukgha èkkj.k
fd;k tk; ,sls ridfj çHkkouk gks; gSA D;ksafd fo"k;kuqjkx NkafM
fuokaZNd gksusdfj vkRekdk çHkko Hkh çdV gks; gS] vj èkeZdk
ekxZ Hkh righrS fniS gSA ;ks ri gh nqxZfrdk ekxZdk u"V djusokyk
gSA ri fcuk dkekfnd fo"k; Kkudwa u"V dfj nsgSa A ri ds
çHkkorS dke dk {k; gks;] jlukbafæ;dks piyrk u"V gks;]
ykylk dk vHkko gks; gS A ;krSa jRu=k; dh çHkkouk righ rSa n`<+
gks; gSA cgqfj ftusUædk çfrfcacdh çfr"Bk djuk] ftusUædk
efUnj djkouk ;kr lUekxZdks çHkkouk gSA tkrS çfr"Bk djkous
dfj tgka rkabZ ftufcac jgSxk rgka rkabZ n'kZu Lrou iwtukfndfj
vusd HkO; iq.; miktZu djsaxs vj ftuefUnj djkosaxs fru
x`gLFkfu dk gks èku ikouk liQy gks;xkA iwtu] jkf=ktkxj.k]
'kkL=kfudk dk O;k[;ku Jo.k iBu] ftusUæ dk Lrou]
lkekf;d] çfrØe.k vu'kukfnd ri] u`R; xku Hktu mRlo
ftuefUnj gks; rfn gh gks; A ftuefUnj fouk èkeZdk leLr
lekxe gks; gh ukgha A ;krsa cgqr dgk fyf[k;s] viuk ijdk
midkjdk ewy çfr"Bk djuk vj efUnj djokuk mRd`"VèkeZdk
ekxZ rks leLr ifjxzg NkafM ohrjkxrk vaxhdkj djuk gSA ijUrq
tkds çR;k[;ku ok vçR;k[;ku uke d"kk;dk mi'ke Hk;k ukgha]
rkrsa x`glEink NkaMh tk; ukghaA vj èkulEink cgqr gks; rks çFke
rks ftudk vki vU;k;law èku fy;k gks; rkds fudV tk; {kek
xzg.k djk; mudk èku ykSVk nsuk A cgqfj èku cgqr gks; rfn
uohu èku miktZudk R;kx djuk A cgqfj rhoz&jkxds cèkkousokys
bfUæ;fu ds fo"k;fu dh ykylk NkafM dfj laoj:i gksukA fiQj
tks èku gS rkesalw vius fe=k fgrw iq=kh cg.k Hkwok cUèkqtufuesa ts
fuèkZu jksxh nq%f[kr gksa; frudks ok vukFk foèkok gksa; frudks
;Fkk;ksX; ns; larksf"kr djuk A cgqfj vius vkfJr lsodkfnd ok
lehi clusokys frudks ;Fkk;ksX; lUrksf"kr djdS] cgqfj iq=k dks
L=khdks foHkkxkfnd fujkyks dfj ihNs tks æO; gks; rkdwa
ftufcacds djokus esa ok ftufcac dh çfr"Bk djkous esa rFkk
ftusUæds èkeZdk vkèkkj fl¼kUrfu ds fy[kkous esa] d`i.krk NkafM
mnkj eurS ijds midkj djus dks cqf¼rSa èku yxkoS gS A frl
leku dksÅ çHkkouk ukgha gSA vj ts eafnjçfr"Bk rks djkoSxk vj
vuhfrdfj ijèku jkf[k esySxk] vU;k; dk èkudwa xzg.k djsxk] rks
rkdh leLr çHkkouk u"V gks tk;xhA rFkk çfr"Bk djkousokyk
eafnj djkousokyk [kksVk cfut O;ogkj djS rFkk fgalkfnd
egkikifu esa fua| v;ksX; opufu esa rFkk rhczyksHkesa çor]
dq'khy esa çorS rFkk vfrd`i.krkdfj ifj.kke esa laDys'k:i
gqvk èkudwa [kjp djS rks leLr çHkkouk u"V gks tk; A ;krSa
çfr"Bk dk djkous okyk] eafnj djkous okyk dks ço`fÙk Hkh 'kq¼
gks; gS rkdh çHkkouk gks; gS A rFkk f'k[kj dy'k ?kaVk p<kous
dfj] {kqæ?kafV dk ckaèkusdfj çHkkouk djSA rFkk eafnj esa panksok
?kUVk flgklukfn mÙke midj.k p<kousdfj vj Lokè;k;esa
ço`fÙk bR;kfndfj çHkkouk nq%[k dk uk'k djus okyh gks; gSA
çHkkouk 'kq¼ vkpj.k dfj gks; gS A ;kr ftuopudk J¼kuh
gks; lks èkeZdh çHkkouk gh djS A tSuksfudk xk<k çse nsf[k vU;ds
ân;esa gw cM+h efgek nh[kSA tSukfudk èkeZ tks çk.k tkrSa gw vHk{;
Hk{k.k ukgha djS gSa] rhozjksx osnuk vkorSagw jkf=k esa vkS"kfèk
tykfnddk iku ukgha djSa gS] èku vfHkekukfnd u"V gksrs gw
vlR; cpukfn ukgha cksys gSa] egkvkink vkorS gw¡ ijèkueS fpÙk
ukgha pykoS gSa] viuk çk.k tkrsa gw vU; thodk ?kkr ukgha djS gSaA
rFkk 'khy dh n`<rk] ifjxzgifjek.krk] ijelarks"k èkkj.k djusrsa
vkReçHkkouk gks; A vj ekxZ dh çHkkouk gw gks; A rkrSa leLr èku
tkrs gw vj çk.k tkrS gw vius fufeÙkrS èkeZdks fuUnk gkL;
dnkfpr~ ukgha djkoS rkds lUekxZ çHkkouk vax gks; gSA bl
çHkkoukdh efgek dksfV ftàokfurSa o.kZu djus dks dksÅ leFkZ
ukgha gS A ;krSa Hkks HkO;tu gks! f=kyksdesa iwT; tks çHkkoukvîõ
rkdwa n`<+ èkkj.k dfj ;kghdwa HkfDr dfj iwtksA ;kdk egkv?kZ
mrkj.k djksA tks çHkkoukdwa n`<+ èkkj.k dj gS lks bUækfnd nsofu
dfj iwT; rhFkaZdj gks; gS A ,slS lUekxZçHkkouk ukek iaæeh Hkkouk
o.kZu djh AA15AA
16- çopuokRlY; Hkkouk
vc çopuokRlY; uke lksyeh Hkkouk o.kZu djS gSaA çopu tks
nso xq# èkeZ] buesa tks okRlY; dfg;s çhfrHkko] lks
çopuokRlY; uke dfg;sA ts pkfj=k&xq.k;qDr gSa] 'khyds èkkjd
gSa] ije lkE;Hkko dfj lfgr] ckbZlijh"kgfuds lgusokys] nsgesa
fueZeRo] leLr fo"k;okaNkjfgr vkRefgresa m|eh] ijds midkj
djusesa lkoèkku ,sls lkèkqtufuds xq.kfu esa çhfr:iifj.kke lks
okRlY; gSA rFkk ozrfuds èkkjd] vj ikilw Hk;Hkhr] U;k;ekxhZ]
èkeZ esa vuqjkxds èkkjd] eand"kk;h] larks"kh ,sls Jkod rFkk
Jkfodk fruds xq.kfuesa] frudh laxfresa vuqjkx èkkj.k djuk lks
okRlY; gS A rFkk ts L=khi;kZ; esa ozrfudh gídwa çkIr Hk;s] vj
leLr x`gkfnd ifjxzg NkafM] dqVqEc dk eeRo rft] nsgesa
fueZeRork èkkj] iap bfUæ;fuds fo"k; R;kfx] ,doL=kek=k
ifjxzgdwa voyEcu dfj] Hkwfe&'k;u {kqèkk r`"kk 'khr m".kkfn
ifj"kgfuds lgusdfj la;e&lfgr è;ku Lokè;k; lkekf;dkfnd
vko';dfudfj ;qDr] vftdkdh nh{kk xzg.kdfj la;elfgr
dky O;rhr djS gSa] fruds xq.kfuesa vuqjkx lks okRlY;Hkko gS A
rFkk equh'ojfudks T;ksa ou esa fuokl djrs] ckbZl ijh"kg lgrs]
mÙke {kekfn èkeZds èkkjd] nsgesa fueZeRo vkids fufeÙk fd;k
vkS"kèk vUu ikukfn ukgha xzg.k djrs] ,d cL=k dksihu fcuk
leLr ifjxzgds R;kxh mÙke Jkodfuds xq.kfuesa vuqjkx okRlY;
gSA
rFkk nso xq# èkeZdk lR;kFkZ Lo:idwatkfu n`<J¼kuh]
èkeZesa #fpds èkkjd vozrlE;Xn`f"V esa okRlY;rk djgq A bl
lalkjesa vius L=kh iq=k dqVqEckfndfuesa rFkk nsgeSa] bfUæ;fuds
fo"k;fuds lkèkdfuesa vukfnrS jkx yfx jg;k gSA iwoZyk vukfn
laLdkj ,slk gS lks fr;Zap gw vius L=kh iq=kfuesa] fo"k;fuesa vfr
vuqjkxh gks; ;kghds vfFk dVsa gSa] ejS gSa] vU; dks ekjS gSa] ,slk
dksÅ eksgdk vn~Hkqr ekgkRE; gS A rs èkU; iq#"k gSa ts lE;XKkursa
eksgdwa u"Vdfj vkRekds xq.kfuesa okRlY;rk djsa gSaA lalkjh rks
èkudh ykylkdfj vfr vkdqy Hk, èkeZeS okRlY;rk R;kxS gSa vj
lalkjhfuds èku cèks gS rfn vfrr`".kk cèkS A leLr èkeZdk ekxZ
Hkwy tk;] èkekZRekfuesa nwjghrSa okRlY;rk R;kx gSA jkf=k&fnu
èkulainkds cèkkous esa ,slk vuqjkx cèkS gS tks yk[kfudk èku
gkstk;] rks dksVfuesa ckaNk djrk vkjEHk ifjxzgdwa cèkkork]
ikifuesa çoh.krk cèkkork èkeZesa okRlY; fu;ersa NkaMs gS A tgka
nkukfndfuesa] ijksidkjesa èku yxkork nh[kS rgka nwjghrS Vfy
fudyS gS A vkSj cgq vkjEHk cgqifjxzg vfr&r`".kkrsa lehi vk;k
ujddk okl rkdwa ukgha ns[ks gSA rkesa iapedkydk èkuk<;ka rks iwoZ
feF;kèkeZ dqik=k nku dqnkufuesa jfp ,slk deZ ckaèk vk;k gS lks
ujd fr;aZpxfrdh ifjikVh vla[;krdky vuardkyi;aZr ukgha
NwVSaA mudk ru eu cpu èku èkeZdk;Zesa ukgha ykxS gSA jkf=k&fnu
r`".kk vj vkjEHk dfj Dysf'kr jgsaA fruds èkekZRek esa vj èkeZds
èkkj.kesa dnkfpr~ okRlY;rk ukgha gks; gSA vj èku jfgr èkekZRek gw
gks; rkdwa uhpk ekuS gSA
 rkrSa Hkks vkLeu~ ! fgrds okaNd gks] èkulainkdwa egkendh
mitkousokyh tkfu vj nsgdwa vfLFkj nq[knkbZ tkfu] dqVqEcdwa
egkcaèku ekfu] bulwçhfr NkafM vius vkRekdwa okRlY; djks A
èkekZRekesa] ozrhfuesa] Lokè;k;esa] ftuiwtuesa okRlY;rk djks A ts
lE;Dpkfj=k:i vkHkj.kdfj Hkwf"kr lkèkqtu gSa frudks Lrou djS
gSa] xkSjo djS gSa fruds okRlY;uke xq.k gS A lks lqxfrdwa çkIrdjS
gS dqxfrdk uk'k djS gS A okRlY; xq.k ds çHkko djdS gh leLr
}kn'kkax fo|k fl¼ gks; gS A tkrS fl¼kUrlw=kesa vj fl¼kUr dk
mins'k djusokyk mikè;k;esa lkaph HkfDrds çHkkorsa
JqrKkukoj.kdeZdk jl lw[k tk; gS rfn ldy fo|k fl¼ gks;
gS A okRlY;xq.k ds èkkjddwa nso ueLdkj djS gSa A vj okRlY;
djds gh vBkjg çdkj cqf¼ Íf¼] vj vkdk'kxkfeuh fofØ;k
Íf¼ nks; çdkj] pkj.kÍf¼ vusd çdkj] vj v"V çdkj
fofØ;kÍf¼] rhu çdkj oyÍf¼] lIrçdkj riÍf¼]
Ngçdkj vkS"kèkÍf¼] nks;çdkj {ks=kÍf¼ bR;kfn vusd 'kfDr
çdV gks; gSa A ;gka Íf¼fudk Lo:i dfg;s rks dFkuh cfèk tk;
rkrSa ukgha fy[;k gSA vFkZçdkf'kdkfnfuesa fy[;k gS rgkarSa tkuukA
okRlY; djds gh eUncqf¼fudS gw efrKku JqrKku
foLrh.kZ gks; gS A okRlY; ds çHkkorSa ikidk ços'k ukgha gks; gSa A
okRlY; djds ri gw Hkwf"kr gks; gSa A riesa mRlkg fouk ri
fujFkZd gS A ;ks ftusUædks ekxZ okRlY; dfjgh 'kksHkkdwa çkIr gks;
gS A okRlY;dfjgh 'kqHk è;ku o`f¼dwa çkIr gks; gS A okRlY;rS gh
lE;Xn'kZu funksZ"k gks; gS A okRlY; djds gh nku fn;k d`rkFkZ
gks; gS A ik=kesa çhfr fouk rFkk nsus esa çhfr fouk nku fuank dk
dkj.k gSA ftuok.khesa okRlY; tkds gks;xk rkghds ç'kalk ;ksX;
lkapk vFkZ m|ksr:i gks;xkA tkds ftu&ok.kh esa okRlY; ukgha]
fou; ukgha rkdwa ;Fkkor~ vFkZ ukgha nh[kSxk] foijhr xzg.k djSxk A
bl euq"; tUedk e.Mu okRlY; gh gS A okRlY;jfgr cgqr euksK
vkHkj.k oL=k èkkj.k djrk gw in inesa fua| gks; gS A vj bl
yksddk dk;Z tks ;'kdks miktZu] èkeZdks miktZu] èkudks miktZu
lks okRlY; ghrSa gks; gS A vj ijyksd tks LoxZyksdesa egf¼Zad
nsoiuk lks gw okRlY;ghrS gks; gS] okRlY; fouk bl yksddk
leLr dk;Z u"V gks tk;] ijyksdesa nsokfnxfr ukgha ikoS gSA
cgqfj vgarnso fuxZzaFkxq# L;k}kn:i ijekxl n;k:i
èkeZesa okRlY; gS lks lalkjifjHkze.kdk uk'kdfj fuokZ.kdwa çkIr
djS gS rFkk okRlY;rS gh ftuefUnjdk oS;ko`R;] ftufl¼kUrdk
lsou] lkèkeksZfudk oS;ko`R;] rFkk èkeZesa vuqjkx] nku nsus esa çhfr
;s leLrxq.k okRlY;rS gh gks; gSa A ts "kV~dk;ds thofuesa okRlY;
fd;k gS rs gh =kSyksD;esa vfr'k; :i rhFkaZdj çd`frdk miktZu
djS gSa A ;krSa ts dY;k.kds bPNqd gSa rs Hkxoku ftusUædk mins';k
okRlY;xq.kdh efgek tkfu "kksM'kek vax tks okRlY; rkdk
Lroudfj iwtudfj ;kdk egku v?kZ mrkj.k djS gSaA lks n'kZudh
fo'kq¼rk ik; cgqfj ri vkpj.kdfj] vgfeækfn nsoyksddwa
çkIr gks;] fiQj txrdk m¼kjd rhFkZdj gks; fuokZ.kdwa çkIr gks;
gSA "kksM'kdkj.k èkeZdh efgek vfpaR; gS] tkrS =kSyksD;esa
vk'p;Zdkjh vuqie foHkods èkkjd rhFkZdj gks; gSaA ,sls "kksM'k
Hkkouk dk la{ksifoLrkj:i o.kZu fd;k AA16AA

Jhohrjkxka; ue%
® n'k y{k.k èkeZ Hkkouk ®

jpf;rk
Loñ iañ lnklq[kth dklyhoky
 n'k èkeZ
1- mÙke {kek èkeZ
2- mÙke eknZo èkeZ
3- mÙke vktZo èkeZ
4- mÙke lR; èkeZ
5- mÙke 'kkSp èkeZ
6- mÙke la;e èkeZ
7- mÙke ri èkeZ
8- mÙke R;kx èkeZ
9- mÙke vkfdapU; èkeZ
10- mÙke czãp;Z èkeZ
 ®
AA Jhohrjkxka; ue% AA
® n'k èkeZ Hkkouk ®
èkeZ dk Lo:i n'ky{k.k :i gS A bu fpUgfudfj vUrxZr
èkeZ tkfu;s gS A mÙke {kek] mÙke eknZo] mÙke vktZo] mÙke
lL;] mÙke 'kkSp] mre la;e] mÙke ri] mÙke R;kx] mÙke
vkfdapU;] mÙke cãp;Z] ;s n'k èkeZ ds y{k.k gSa] tkrSa èkeZ rks
oLrq dk LoHkko gks dwa dfg;s gSA yksd esa tsrs inkFkZ gSa frrus vius
LoHkko dwa dnkfpr ukgha NkaMs gSa A tks LoHkko dk uk'k gks tk; rks
oLrq dk vHkko gks;] lks gks; ukgha A vkRek uke oLrqdk LoHkko
{kekfnd :i gS vj Øksèkfnd deZtfur mikfèk gSa] vkoj.k gSaA
Øksèk uke èkeZ dk vHkko gks;] rfn {kek uke vkRek dk LoHkko
Lo;eso jgs gSA ,sls gh eku dk vHkkorSa eknZoxq.k] vj ek;k ds
vHkkorSa vktZoxq.k yksHk ds vHkkoraS 'kkSpxq.k bR;kfnd vkRek
ds xq.k gS rs deZ ds vHkkorSa Lo;eso çdV gks; gS A rkrSa ;s mÙke
{kekfnd vkRek dk LoHkko gSa] eksguh; deZ ds Hksn Øksèkkfnd
d"kk;fudfj vukfndk vPNkfnr gks; jgS gSa A d"kk; ds vHkkorSa
{kekfnd LokHkkfod vkRek dk xq.k m?kM+s gS A vc mÙke {kek
xq.kdwa o.kZu djS gSa&&
 mÙke {kek
Øksèk oSjh dk thruk lks gh mÙke {kek gSA dSlkd gS Øksèk oSjh\ bl
tho ds fuokl djus dk LFkku ts la;e Hkko&lUrks"kHkko
&fujkdqyrkHkko rkdwanXèk djusdwa vfXu leku] lE;Xn'kZuk&
fn:i jRufudk HkaMkjdwanXèk djS gS] ;'kdwa u"V djS gS] vi;'k
:i dkfyekdwa cèkkoS gS] èkeZ vèkeZ dk fopkj u"V gks; tk; gSA
Øksèkhds viuk eu opu dk; vkids o'k ukgha jgs gS A cgqr
dkygwdh çhfr {k.kek=k esa fcxkfM egku oSj mRiUu djS gS]
Øksèk:i jk{kl ds o'k gks; lks vlR; opu] yksdfuU|]
Hkhy&pk.Mkykfndfu ds cksyus ;ksX; opu cksyS gS A Øksèkh
leLrèkeZ yksiS gS- Øksèkh gks; rc firkus ekfj uk[kS] ekrkdwa]
iq=kdwa] L=khdwa ckydwa] Lokehdwa lsoddwa] fe=kdwaekfj çk.kjfgr djS
gS A vj rhoz Øksèkh vkidk gwa fo"krS] 'kL=krS ej.k djS gS] Åaps
edku rFkk ioZrkfndrS iru djS gS] dwai esa iMS gSA Øksèkhdh dksÅ
çdkj çrhfr ukgha tkuuh A Øksèkh gS lks ;ejkt rqY; gS A Øksèkh
gks; lks çFke rks viuk Kku n'kZu {kekfnd xq.kudwa ?kkrSa gS] ihNS
deZ ds o'krSa vU; dk ?kkr gks; ok ukgh gks; A Øksèk ds çHkkorSa
egkriLoh fnxEcjeqfu èkeZraS Hkz"V gks; ujd x;s gSaA ;ks Øksèk gS lks
nksÅ yksd dk uk'k djS gS] egk iki cUèk djk; ujd igqapkoS gS]
cqf¼ Hkz"V djS gS] funZ;h djns gSa] vU;d`r midkjdwa Hkqyk;
d`r?u djS gS A rkrSa Øksèk leku iki ukgha A bl yksd esa Øksèkkfnd
d"kk; leku viuk ?kkr djus okyk vU; ukgha gSA tks yksd esa
iq.;oku gSa] egkHkkX; gSa] ftudk nksÅ yksd lqèkjuk gS frugh ds
{kek uke xq.k çdV gks; gSA {kek tks i`Foh] rkdk lgus dk
LoHkko gks; lks {kek gS A vj lE;d Lo:idwa] fgr vfgrdwa
le>dfj tks vleFkZfudfj fd;k gw miæofudwa vki leFkZ gks;
djds jkx}s"k jfgr gqvk lgS gS] fodkjh ukgha gks; gS rkdwa mÙke
{kek dfg;s gSA bgka mÙke 'kCn lE;XKkulfgr gksusdwa dák gS A
mÙke {kek =kSyksD; esa lkj gS A mÙke {kek lalkj leqærsa rkjus okyh
gSA mÙke {kek gS lks jRu=k;dwa èkkj.k djus okyh gSA mÙke {kek
nqxZfr ds nq%[kfudwa gjus okyh gS A tkds {kek gks; rkds ujd vj
fr;aZp nksÅ xfrfe esa xeu ukgha gks; gS A mÙke {kek dh ykj
vusd xq.kfudk lewg çdV gks; gS A equh'ojfu dwarks vfr I;kjh
mÙke {kek gSA mÙke {kek dk ykHkdwa Kkuhtu fpUrkef.kjRu dk
ykHk leku ykHk ekuS gS A vj mÙke {kek gh eudh mTToyrk dj
gSA {kekxq.k fcuk eu dks mTToyrk vj fLFkjrk dnkfpr~ gh ukgha
gks; gSA okafNr fl¼ djus okyh ,d {kek gh gS A bgka Øksèk ds
thrus dh Hkkouk ,slh tkuuh&dksÅ vkidwa nqoZapukfn dfj
nq%f[kr djS] xkyh ns] pksj dgS] vU;k;h] ikih] nqjkpkjh] nq"V]
uhpok nksxyk] pk.Mky] ikih] d`r?uh] ,sls vusd nqoZpu dgS
rks Kkuh ,slh Hkkouk djS&tks ;kdk eSa vijkèk fd;k rFkk jkx}s"k
eksgdk o'krSa dksbZ ckrdfj eu nq[kk;k gS rfn eSa vijkèkh gwaA eksdwa
xkyh nsuk] fèkDdkj nsuk] uhp] pksj] diVh] vèkehZ dguk U;k;
gSA eksdwa bl flok; Hkh n.M nsrk lks Hkh Bhd gS] eSaus vijkèk
fd;k gS] eksdwa xkyh lqfu jks"k ukgha djuk gh mfpr gS A vijkèkhdwa
ujd esa n.M Hkksxuk iMS gS A rkrSa esjk fufeÙk lw;kds nq%[k Hk;k
rfn Dysf'kr gks; nqoZpu dgS gSA ,slk fopkjdfj Dysf'kr ukgha
gks;] {kek gh djS gS A vj tks nqoZpu dgus okyk eUnd"kk;h gks;
rks vki tk;] {kek xzg.k djkous dwa dgS&Hkks d`ikyq ! eSa vKkuh
çekn ds o'k ok d"kk; ds o'k gks; vkidk fpÙk nq[kk;k lks vc
vijkèk {kek djkÅ gwaA vkxkusa ,slk dke pwd dfj ukgha d:axk]
,dckj pwfd tk; rkdh pwddwa egr~ iq#"k {kek djS gSa A vj tks
vkxyk U;k; jfgr rhoz d"kk;h gks; rks oklw vijkèk {kek djkous
dks tk; ukgh] dkykUrj esa Øksèk mi'kkUr gqvk ikNS {kek djkoS A
vj tks vki vijkèk ukgha fd;k vj bZ"kkZHkkorS dsoy nq"VrkrSa
vkidwa nqoZpu dgS] rFkk vusd nks"k yxkoS rks Kkuh fdafp&
RlaDys'k ukgha djS] ,slk fopkjS&tks eSa ;kadk èku gjÔk gks;] rFkk
tehu tk;xk [kksalks gks;] rFkk ;kdks thfodk foxkMh gks;]
pqxyks [kkbZ gks; rFkk ;kadk nks"k dg.kkfn djds tks eSa vijkèk
fd;k gks; rks eksdwa i'pkrki djuk mfpr gSA vj tks eSa vijkèk
ukgha fd;k rfn eksdwa dqN fiQdj ukgha djuk A ;ks nqoZpu dgS gS
lks ukedwa dgS rFkk dqy dks dgS gS A lks uke esjk Lo:i ukgha]
tkfr dqykfn esjk Lo:i ukgha] eSa rks Kk;d gwa] tkdwa dgS lks eSa
ukghaA eSa gwa rkdwa cpu igqaps ukgh] rkra eksdwa {kek xzg.k djuk gh
Js"B gS A cgqfj tks ;ks nqoZpu dgS gS lks eq[k ;kadk] vfHkçk;
;kadk] ftàk] nUr] vks"B ;kadk] vj 'kCn vj iqn~xy ;kadkA
ifj.kkefudfj 'kCn miT;k tkdwa Jo.kdfj eSa tks fodkj çkIr
gksÅa rks ;k esjh cM+h vKkurk gSA cgqfj tks bZ"kkZoku nq"V iq#"k eksdwa
xkyh ns gSa] lks LoHkkodfj nsf[k;s rks xkyh dqN oLrq gh ukgha gS]
esjs dgk gwa xkyh yxh ukgh nh[ks gSa] voLrq eSa nsus ysus dk
O;ogkj&&Kkuh gks; lks dSls ladYi djs \
cgqfj tks eksdwa pksj dgS] vU;k;h diVh vèkehZ bR;kfn
dgS] rgka ,slk fpUrou djS&tks gs vkReu~ ! rw vusd ckj pksj
gqvk] vusd tUe esa O;fHkpkjh] tqvkjh] vHk{;Hk{kh] Hkhy]
pkaMky] pekj] xksyk] ckank] 'kwdj] xèkk bR;kfnd fr;aZp rFkk
vèkehZ ikih d`r?uh gks; gks; vk;k] vj lalkj esa Hkze.k djrk
vusd ckj gksÅaxk] vc dksÅ rksdwa dwadj 'kwdj pksj pkaMky dgS
rkdwa Jo.k dfj] rksdaw Dysf'kr gksuk cM+k vuFkZ gS A vFkok ;s
nq"Vpu nqoZpu dgS gSa lks ;kdks vijkèk ukgha] gekjk ckaè;k iwoZ
tUe d`r deZ dk mn; gS A lks ;kds nqoZpu dgus ds }kjdfj
gekjs deZ dks futZjk gks; gSA lks gekjs cM+k ykHk gS A budk ;g gw
midkj gS tks ;s nqoZpu dgus okys viuk iq.; dk lewg dk rks
nks"k dgus dfj uk'k djS gS vj esjs fd;s iki nwfj djS gS ,sls
midkjhr tks eSa jks"k d: rks eks leku dksÅ vèke ukgha gS A cgqfj
;ks rks eksdwa nqoZpu gh dgk gS] ekjok rks ukgha] jks"k&dfj ekjus
yfx tk; gS] Øksèkh rks vius iq=k iq=kh L=kh ckykfnddwa ekjS gS lks
Hkksdwa ekjÔk ukgha] ;ks Hkh ykHk gS A vj tks nq"V vkidwa ekjs rks
,slk fopkjs&&tks eksdwa ekjÔk gh] çk.k jfgr rks ukgha fd;k] nq"V
rks vkidk ej.k ukgha fxu djds Hkh vU;dwa ekjS gS] ;ks Hkh esjs
ykHk gSA vj tks çk.k jfgr djSa rks ,slk fopkjs&,d ckj ej.kkS gh
NkS] deZdkS Í.k pqD;kSA ge ;gka gh deZ ds Í.kjfgr Hk;s] gekjk
èkeZ rkS ukgha u"V Hk;kA çk.kèkkj.k rks èkeZghrSa liQy gSaA ;s
æO;çk.k rks iqn~xye; gSa] esjk Kku n'kZu {kekfnèkeZ ;s Hkkoçk.k
gSa] budk ?kkr Øksèkdfj ukgha Hk;k A bl leku esjs ykHk ukgha gSA
cgqfj tks dY;k.k :i dk;Z gSa fruesa vusd foèu vkoS gh
gSaA tks esjs fo?u vk;k lks Bhd gh gS A eSa rks vc leHkkodwa vkJ;
d:a A vj tks miæo vkors eSa {kek NkafM] fodkjdwa çkIr gwaxk rks
eksdwa nsf[k vU; eanKkuh rFkk dk;j R;kxh riLoh èkeZrSa f'kfFky
gks tk;axs] rks esjk tUe dsoy vU; ds Dys'k ds vfFZk gh Hk;k A
rFkk eSa ohrjkxèkeZ èkkj.k djds gw Øksèkh fodkjh nqoZpu gksÅa rks
eksdwa nsf[k vU; gw Øksèk esa çorZus yfx tka;] rfn èkeZ dks e;kZnk
Hk³~xdfj ikidh ifjikVh pykus okyk eSa gh çèku Hk;k A ;krS
{kekxq.k çk.k tkrs gwa] èku vfHkeku u"V gksrs gw eksdwa NksMuk
mfpr ukghaA
cgqfj iwoZ esa v'kqHk deZ mitk;k rkdk iQy eSa gh Hkksxawxk A
vU; ts tu gSa rs rks fufeÙkek=k gSa A buds fufeÙkraS iki mn; ukgha
vkrk rks vU; fufeÙkrSa vkrkA mn; esa vk;k deZ rks iQy fn;s
fcuk Vyrk ukghaA cgqfj ;s ykSfdd vKkuh esjs fo"kS Øksfèkr gks;
nqoZpukfnd dfj miæo djSa gSa] vj tks eSa Hkh ;kus nqoZapukfnd
dfj A mÙkj d:a rks eSa rÙoKkuh] vj ;s vKkuh] nksÅ leku Hk;k]
gekjk rÙoKkuhiuk fujFkZd Hk;k A U;k;ekxZrSa mn;esa vk;k esjk
ikideZ rkdwa lUeq[k gksrs dkSu foosdh viuk vkRekdwa
Øks/kfndfuds o'k djS A Hkks vkReu~ ! iwoZ cka/;k tks vlkrkdeZ
rkdk vc mn; vk;k] rkdw byktjfgr vjksd tkfu djds
leHkkofurS lgks A tks Dysf'kr gks; Hkksxksxs rks vlkrkdaw rks
Hkksxksghxs] vj uohu cgqr vlkrk cU/k vkSj djksxs A rkrsa gksugkj
nq%[krsa fu%'kafdr gks; le&Hkkor gh lgks A ;s nq"Vtu cgqr gSa]
viuk lkeF;Z djds esjs jks"k:i vfXudwa çTofyrdfj esjk
leHkko:i lEinkdwnX/k fd;k pkgS gSa A vc ;gka tks vlko/ku
gks; {kek dwNkaM nwaxk rks vo'; gh lkE;Hkko u"V dfjdS /eZ vj
viuk ;'k dk uk'k djus okyk gks; tkÅaxkA rkrSa nq"Vfudk lalxZ
esa lko/ku jguk mfpr gSA Kkuh euq"; rks ukgh lák tk; ,slk
Dys'k mRiUu gksrs gw iwoZ deZ dk uk'k gksuk tkfu gf"kZr gh gks; gSaA
tks opu&d.Vdfu dfj csè;k tks eSa {kek NkaM nwaxk rks Øks/h vj
eSa leku Hk;k A vj tks cSjh ukuk çdkj dk nqoZpu] ekj.k] ihMu
djds esjk bykt ukgha djS rks eSa lap; fd;s ts v'kqHk deZ frurS
dSls NwVrk \ rkraS oSjh gw gekjk midkj gh fd;k gSA vFkok rkrSa
foosdh gks; tks ftuvkxe ds çlknrSa lkE;Hkkodk vH;kl fd;k
rkdks ijh{kk ysusdwa ;s oSjh :i ijh{kk LFkku çdV Hk;k gS] lks esjs
Hkkofudh ijh{kk djhA ;s ijh{kk djus dks gh deZ mn; Hk;s gSa A
tks leHkkodks e;kZnk dw Hksndfj eSa cSjhfu esa jks"k d: rks Kkuus=k
dk /kjdgwa esa leHkkodw ukgha çkIr gks; Øks/&:i vfXu esa HkLe
gks; tkÅ A eSa ohrjkx ds ekxZ esa çorZu djus okyk] lalkj dh
fLFkfr Nsnuesa m|eh] vj esjk gh fpÙk tks æksgdw çkIr gks tk; rks
lalkj ds ekxZ esa çorZrs feF;kn`"Vhfu ds leku eS gw Hk;kA vj tks
nq"V tufudw U;k; /eZ:i ekxZ le>k;k vj {kek xzg.k djk;k
&tks ukgha le>s] vj {kek xzg.k u djS rks Kkuhtu oklw jks"k ukgha
djS A tSls fo"k nwj djusokyk oS| dksÅdk fo"k nwfj djusdw
vusd vkS"k/kkfn ns; fo"k nwfj dj;k pkgs] vj okadk tgj nwfj
ukgha gks; rks oS| vki tgj ukgha [kk; gS A tks ;kdk fo"k nwj ukgha
Hk;k rks eSa gwa fo"k Hk{k.k dfj e:a&&&,slk U;k; ukgha gSA rSls
Kkuhtu gwa nq"Vtu dks igys nq"Vrk dh tkfr fiNkuS tks ;ks
nq"Vrk NkaMSxk ok ukgh NkaMSxk ok vf/d nq"Vrk /kjSxk] ,slk
fopkfj tks foijhr ifj.kerk nh[kS rkdwa rks mins'k gh ukgha nsuk A
vj dqN le>us yk;d ;ksX;rk nh[kS rks U;k; opufgrfer:i
dguk A vj nq"Vrk ukgha NkaMS rks vki Øks/h ukgha gksuk A tks ;ks
eksdwa nqoZpukfn miæodfj ukgha dEik;eku djS rks eSa ç'ke
Hkkodfj /eZdk 'kj.k dSls xzg.k djrk\ tks eksdwa ihMk djus
okyk gS lks eksdw ikiraS Hk;Hkhr dfj /eZlwa lEcU/ djk;k gS A rkraS
ihMk djus okyk gw esjk çeknhiuk NqMk; cMk midkj fd;k gS A
cgqfj txr esa dsrsd midkjh rks ,sls gSa tks vU;tu ds lq[k
gksus ds fufeÙk viuk 'kjhjdwa NkaMS gSa] vj /udwa NkaMS gSaA rks esjs
nqoZpu cU/ukfnd lgus esa dgk tk;xk\ eksdwa nqoZpu dgs gh
vU; ds lq[k gks tk; rks esjs D;k gkfu gS \ cgqfj tks viusdwa ihMk
djusokysrsa jks"k ukgha d: rks cSjh ds iq.; dk uk'k gks; gS vj esjs
vkRek ds fgrdks flf¼ gks; gSA vj ihMk djusokys jks"k d:a rks
esjs vkRek dk fgr dk uk'k gks; nqxZfr gks; A ;krSa çk.kfudk uk'k
gksrs gw nq"Vfu çfr {kek djuk gh ,d fgr lRiq#"k dgS gSa A rkrSa
vkRedY;k.kdh flf¼ ds vfFZk {kek gh xzg.k d:¡ A vFkok
nq"Vfudfj nqoaZpukfnd ihMk djus rSa esjs tks {kek çdV HkbZ gS lks
esjs iq.; dk mn;rSa ;k ijh{kkHkwfe çdV HkbZ gSA tks eSa bruk
dkyrs ohrjkx dk /eZ /kj.k fd;k lks vc Øks/kfnd ds
fufeÙkrS lkE;Hkko ják fd ukgha ják] ,slh ijh{kk d: A cgqfj
lks gh lkE;Hkko ç'kalk&&;ksX; gS] vj lks gh dY;k.k dk dkj.k
gS tks ekjus ds bPNqd funZ;hfudfj eyhu ukgha fd;k x;kA cgqfj
fpjdkyrS vH;kl fd;k 'kkL=k djds vj lkE;Hkko djds dgk
lkè; gS tks ç;kstu iMÔka O;FkZ gks tk; gS A /S;Z oks gh ç'kalk
;ksX; gS tks nq"Vfuds dqopukfn gksrs ukgha NwV] n`<+ jgs A miæo
vk;s fouk rks leLr tu lR; 'kkSp {kek ds /kjd cu jgs gSaA tSls
pUnuo`{kdwa dqYgkMh dkVS rkSgw dqYgkM+s dk eq[kdaw lqxU/ gh djS]
rSls ,slh tkdh ço`fÙk gks; lksgh flf¼dwa lkè;k gSA cgqfj
vU;dfj fd;k milxZrS ok Lo;eso vk;k milxZ frudfj tkdk
fpÙk dyqf"kr ukgha gks; lks vfouk'kh lEinkdwa çkIr gks; gS A
vKkuh gSa rs vius Hkkofu dfj iwoZ fd;k ikideZ rkds vfFZk rks
ukgha jks"k djS vj tks deZ ds iQy nsus ds ckáfufeÙk frfu çfr
Øks/ djs gSaA ftl deZ dk uk'krSa esjk lalkj dk larki u"V gks
tk; lks deZ Lo;eso HkksX;k rks esjs okafNr fl¼ Hk;k A cgqfj ;ks
lalkj:i cu vuUr laDys'kfu dfj Hkj;k gSA blesa clus okyk ds
ukuk çdkj ds nq%[k ukgha lgus ;ksx gSa dgka\ lalkj esa rks nq%[k gh
gSaA tks bl lalkj esa lE;XKku foosddfj jfgr vj ftufl¼kUrrSa
}s"k djus okys vj egkfunZ;h vj ijyksd dk fgrds vfFZk ftuds
cqf¼ ukgha vj Øks/:i vfXudfj çTofyr vj nq"Vrkd lfgr]
fo"k;fudks yksyqirkdfj vU/] gBxzkgh] egk vfHkekuh] d`r?uh
,sls cgqr nq"Vtu ukgha gksrs rks mTToy cqf¼ ds /kjd lRiq#"k ozr
ri'pj.kdfj eks{k ds vfFZkm|e dSls djrs \ ,sls Øks/.kh]
nqoZpu ds cksyugkjs] gBxzkgh] vU;k;ekxhZfudh vf/drk nsf[k
djds gh lRiq#"k ohrjkxh Hk;s gSa A vj tks eSa cM+s iq.; ds çHkkorSa
ijekRekdk Lo:i dk Kkrk Hk;k vj loZKdfj mins';k inkFkZ
fudwgw fu.kZ;:i tk.;k vj lalkj ds ifjHkze.kkfndrS Hk;Hkhr
gks; ohrjkxekxZ esa gw çorZu fd;k vc gw tks Øks/ ds o'k gwaxk rks
esjk Kku pkfj=k leLr fu"iQy gks;xk] vj /eZdk vi;'k
djkouokjk gks; nqxZfr dk ik=k gwaxkA
cgqfj vkSj gw in~eufUneqfu dák gS&tks ew[kZtudfj ck/k
ihMk vj Øks/ ds opu vj gkL; vj viekukfnd gksrs gw tks
mÙke iq#"kfudk eu fodkjdaw çkIr ukgha gks; rkdwa mÙke{kek
dfg;s gS A lks {kek eks{kekxZ esa çorZrs iq#"k ds ije lgk;rkdwa
çkIr gks; gSA foosdh fprou djS gSa&ge rks jkx}s"kkfnd eyjfgr
mTToyeudfj fr"Bka] vU;yksd gedwa [kksVk dgks rFkk Hkyk
dgks] gedw Hkyk dgk ç;kstu gS \ ohrjkx/eZ ds /kjdkaudwa rks
vius vkRek dk 'kq¼iuk lk/us ;ksX; gS A tks gekjk ifj.kke nks"k
lfgr gS vj dksÅ fgrw gedw Hkyk dák rks Hkyk ukgha gks tkosaxs A
vj gekjk ifj.kke nks"kjfgr gS] vj dksÅ gedw oSjcqf¼rSa [kksVk
dák rks ge [kksVk ukgha gks tkoSaxsA iQy rks viuh tSlh ps"Vk
vkpj.k gks;xk rSlk çkIr gks;xk A tSlk dksÅ dkpdwa jRu dg
fn;k vj jRudwa dkp dg fn;k rks gw eksy rks jRu gh ikoSxk]
dkp[k.M dk cgqr /u dkSu nsoS \ cgqfj nq"Vtu gS rkdk rks
LoHkko ijds nks"k dák gw ukgha gks;] rks gw¡ ijds nks"k dák fcuk
lq[kdw çkIr ukgha gks;] rkrSa nq"Vtu lks esjs ekgha vfo|eku gw
nks"k yksd esa] ?kj&?kjesa] leLr euq";fuçfr çdVdfj lq[kh gksgw]
vj tks /udk vFkhZ gS lks esjk loZLo xzg.k dfj lq[kh gksgw] vj
tks oSjh çk.kgj.k dk vFkhZ gS lks 'kh?kz gh çk.k gjks] vj LFkku dks
vFkhZ gS lks LFkku gjks] eSa eè;LFk gwa] jkx}s"k jfgr gw¡] leLr txr~
ds çk.kh esjs fufeÙkrSa fdlh çk.kh ds dksÅ çdkj nq%[k efr gksgw A
;k eSa ?kks"k.kkdfj dgwa gwa] D;ksafd esjk thouk rks vk;qdeZ ds
vk/hu] vj /udk vj LFkku dk tkouk jguk ikiiq.; ds
vk/hu gS A gekjs fdlh vU; tho ls oSj fojks/ ukgha gS] leLr ds
çfr {kek gSA
cgqfj gs vkReu~ ! ts feF;kn`f"V vj nq"Vrk lfgr vj
fgr&vfgr dk foosdjfgr ew< ,sls euq";fudfj fd, ts
nqoZpukfnd miæofurS vfLFkj gqvk ck/kdw ekfu Dysf'kr gks;
ják gS lks rhuksa yksd dk pwMkef.k Hkxoku chrjkx gS rkfg ukgha
tkU;k dgk \ rFkk ohrjkx dk /eZ dh mikluk ukgha dh dgk \
rFkk yksdfudwa ew[kZ ukgha tkU;k dgk \ eksgh feF;kn`f"V] ew</h
ds Kku rks foijhr gh gks; gS] deZfuds ofl gSa rkraS buesa {kek gh
xzg.k djuk ;ksX; gS ! {kek gS lks blyksd esa ije 'kj.k ekrk dh
T;ksa j{kk djus okyh gS A cgqr dgk dfg;s ftu /eZdk ewy {kek]
;kdSa vk/kj ldyxq.k gSa] deZfutZjk dks dkj.k gS] gtkjka miæo
nwfj djus okyh gSA ;krSa /u tkrs] thforO; tkrs gw {kekdaw NksMuk
;ksX; ukghaA
dksÅ nq"Vrkdfj vkidw çk.kjfgr djS frl dky esa gw
dVqopu efr dgksA tks ekjus okysdw Hkh vUrxZr oSj NksfM+ ,sls
dgks&tks vki rks gekjs j{kd gh gks] ijUrq gekjk ej.k vk;
igqapk rfn vki dgk djks \ gekjs iki deZ dk mn; vk; x;k
rks gw gekjk cM+k HkkX; gS vki ljh[ks egku iq#"kfuds gLrkfndrsa
gekjk ej.k gks; A vj tks ge ljh[kk vijk/hdwa vki n.M ukgha
fn;s rks ekxZ eyhu gks tk;] vj ge vijk/dks iQy ujd fr;aZp
xfr esa vkxs Hkksxrs lks vki gedw Í.k jfgr fd;kA eSa vkilw cSj
fojks/ eu opu dk;rSa NkafM {kek xzg.k d: gwa] vj vki Hkh esjs
vijk/ dks n.; ns; {kek xzg.k djksA eSa jksxkfnd d"Vdaw Hkksfx
dfjdSa vfr nq%[krSa ej.k djrks lks vc /eZ dk 'kj.klwa Í.k
jfgr gks; lTtu dh d`ik lfgr ej.k djL;awA ,slSa ekjus okyslwa gw
oSj R;kfx leHkko djuk lks mÙke {kek gS A ,sls mÙke {kek ukek
/eZ daw dãk AA1AA
mÙke eknZo
vc mÙke eknZo uke xq.kdaw dgS gS&eknZodk Lo:i ,slk gS \ tks
ekud"kk;dfj vkRek esa dBksjrk gks; gS lks dBksjrk dk vHkko
gksusrSa tks dkseyrk gks; lks eknZo uke vkRekdk xq.k gS A vj tks
vkRek dk vj ekud"kk; dk Hksndwa vuqHko dfj ekuen dk
NkaMuk lks mÙke eknZo uke xq.k gSA ekud"kk; rks lalkj dk
c/kous okyk gS vj eknZo lalkj ifjHkze.kdk uk'k djus okyk gSA
;ks eknZoxq.k n;k/keZ dk dkj.k gSA vfHkekuh ds n;k/eZ dk
ewyghrSa vHkko tkuukA dBksj ifj.kkeh rks funZ;h gks; gSA
eknZoxq.k leLr ds fgr djus okyk gSA ftuds eknZoxq.k gSa frugh
dk ozr ikyuk] la;e /kj.kk] Kku dk vH;kl djuk liQy gS]
vfHkekuh dk fu"iQy gSA eknZo uke xq.k ekud"kk; dk uk'k djus
okyk gS vj iapbfUæ; vj eudaw n.M nsus okyk gS eknZo /eZ ds
çlknrSa fpÙk:i Hkwfe esa d#.kk :i csy uohu iQSys gSaA eknZo
djds gh ftusUæ Hkxoku esa rFkk 'kkL=kfu esa HkfÙkQ dk çdk'k gks;
gSA en lfgr ds ftusUnz ds xq.kfu esa vuqjkx ukgha gks; gSA
eknZoxq.kdfj dqefrKku ds çlkj dk uk'k gks; gS] dqefr ukgha
iQSys gSA vfHkekuh ds vusd dqcqf¼ mitS gSA eknZo xq.kdfj cM+k
fou; çorSZ gSA eknZo djds cgqr dkydk oSjh gw oSj NkaMs gSA eku
?kVS rfn ifj.kkefudh mTToyrk gks;] dksey ifj.kke djds gh
nksÅ yksddh flf¼ gks;] dksey ifj.kkehdwa bl yksd esa lq;'k
gks; gS ijyksd esa nsoyksd dh çkfIr gks; gSA dksey ifj.kke
dfjds gh vUrjM õ cfgjM õ ri Hkwf"kr gks; gSaA vfHkekuh dk ri gw
funos;ksX; gS] dkseyifj.kkehrs rhu txRkds yksdfudk eu
j×tk;eku gks; gS] eknZo dfjdS ftusUædk 'kklu tkfu;s gS]
eknZo dfjds viuk ijdk Lo:i vuqHko dfj;s gS A dBksj&
ifj.kkeh ds vkikijdk foosd ukgha gks; gSA eknZo dfj ds leLr
nks"kfudk uk'k gks; gSA eknZo ifj.kke lalkjleqærsa ikj djS gSa]
;krSa eknZoifj.kkedaw lE;Xn'kZudk vax tkfu fueZy eknZo/eZ dk
Lrou djksA
lalkjhthofuds vukfndkydk feF;kn'kZudk mn; gks;
jgk gS] rkadk mn;dfj i;kZ;cqf¼ gqvk tkfrdaw] dqydaw] fo|kdwa]
,s'o;Zdwa] :idwa] ridw/udwa viuk Lo:iekfu budk xoZ:i
gks; jgk gS A rkdaw ;g Kku ukgha gS tks ;s tkfrdqykfn leLr
deZdk mn;ds v/hu iqn~xy ds fodkj gSa] fouk'khd gSa] eSa
vfouk'kh] KkuLoHkko gS vewrhZd gwa] eSa vukfndkyrSa vusd
tkfr dqy cy ,s'o;kZfnd ik; ik; NkaMS+ gSa] eSa vc dkSuesa vkik
/k:a A leLr/u] ;kSou] bfUæ;tfur Kkukfnd fouk'khd gSa]
{k.kHkaxqj gSa] budk xoZ djuk lalkj&ifjHkze.k dk dkj.k gS A bl
lalkj esa LoxZyksd dk egkÍf¼dk /kjd nso efj dfj ,d le;
esa ,dsafæ; vk; mitS gS rFkk dwdj 'kwdj pkaMkykfnd i;kZ;dw
çkIr gks; gS A pØorhZ uofuf/ pkSng jRufudk /kjd ,d
le;esa Hkfj lIre ujd dk ukjdh gks tk; gS A rFkk cyHkæ
ukjk;.k dk ,s'o;Z u"V gks x;k vU; dh dgk dFkk gS \ ftudh
gtkjka nso lsok djsa frudS iq.; dk {k; gksrs dksÅ ,d euq";
ikuh nsous ckykgw ukgha ják] vU; iq.;&jfgr tho dSls enksUeÙk
cu jgs gSa \ cgqfj ts mÙke Kkudfj txresa ç/ku gSa] vj mÙke
ri'pj.k djus esa m|eh gSa] vj mÙke nkuh gSa rsgw vius vkRekdw
vfr uhpk ekuS gSa] fruds eknZo/eZ gks; gS A
fou;okuiuk enjfgriuk leLr /eZ dk ewy gS] leLr
lE;XKkukfn xq.k dk vk/kj gS A tks lE;Xn'kZukfn xq.kfudk ykHk
pkgks gks] vj viuk mTToy ;'k pkgks gks] vj oSjdk vHkko
pkgks gks rks enfudw R;kfx dkseyiuk xzg.k djks A en u"V gqok
fcuk fou;kfnd xq.k] opudh fe"Vrk] iwT;iq#"kfudk lRdkj]
nku lUeku ,d gw xq.k ukgha çkIr gks;xk A vfHkekuh dh leLr
fuUnk djS gSaA vfHkekuh dh leLr yksd iru gksuk pkgs gSaA Lokeh
gw vfHkekuh lsoddwa R;kxS gS A vfHkekuhdwa xq#tu fo|k nsus esa
mRlkg jfgr gks; gSaA viuk lsod ijkM~-eq[k gks tk; A fe=k] HkkbZ]
fgrw] iMkSlh] ;kdk iru gh pkgs gSaA firk xq# mikè;k; rks iq=kdw
f'k";daw fou;oUr ns[k dfj gh vkufUnr gks; gSa A vfou;h
vfHkekuh iq=k ok f'k"; cMs iq#"k ds eugwdw larkfir djS gS A tkrs
iq=k dk rFkk f'k";dk rFkk lsod dk rks ;sgh /eZ gS&&tks uohu
dk;Z djuk gks; lks firk xq# Lokehdaw tuk; dfj djS] vkKk
ekafx djS rFkk vkKk dk volj ukgha feys rks volj nsf[k 'kh?kz
gh tukoS] ;ks gh fou; gS] ;kgh HkfÙkQ gS A
 tkdk eLrd Åifj xq# fojktS rs /U;&&Hkkx gSa fou;oUr
enjfgr iq#"k gSa rs leLr dk;Z xq#fu dks tuk; ns gSaA /U; gSa ts
bl dfydky esa enjfgr dksey ifj.kkedfj leLr yksd esa
çorSZ gSaA mÙke iq#"k gSa rs ckydesa] o`¼ esa fu/Zuesa] jksxhfuesa]
cqf¼jfgr ew[kZfuesa] rFkk tkfrdqykfnfoghu esa gw ;Fkk;ksX;
fç;opu] vknj&lRdkj] LFkkunku dnkfpr~ ugha pwdS gSa A
fç;opu gh dgSa A mÙke iq#"k m¼rrk dk oL=k&vkHkj.k ugha
igjaS] m¼ri.kk djds vieku dk dkj.k nsu&ysu fookgkfn
O;ogkj dk;Z ugha djs gSa A m¼r gks; vfHkekuhiuk dk pkyuk]
cSBuk] >kaduk] cksyuk nwj gh rSa NkaMS] rkds yksd esa iwT;
eknZoxq.k gks; gSA /u ikouk] :i ikouk] Kku ikouk]
fo|kdykprqjkbZ ikouk] ,s'o;Z ikouk] oy ikouk] tkfrdqykfn
mÙkexq.k] txUekU;rk ikouk] frudk liQy gS tks m¼rrkjfgr]
vfHkekujfgr] uezrk lfgr] fou;lfgr çorSZ gSaA vius euesa
vkidw loZrSa y?kq ekurk deZ ds ijo'k tkuSa gSa] lks dSls xoZ djS \
ukgha djS gS A HkO;tu gks ! lE;Xn'kZu dk vM õ bl eknZo vaxdwa
tkf.k fpÙk ds fo"kS è;ku djks] Lrou djksA ,slS eknZo/eZ dks
o.kZu fd;ks AA2AA
mÙke vktZo /eZ
vc vktZo /eZdwa o.kZu djS gSa&&/eZ dk Js"B y{k.k
vktZo uke ljyrk dk gS A eu opudk; dh dqfVyrk dk
vHkko lks vktZo gS A vktZo /eZ gS lks iki dk [k.Mu djus
okyk gS vj lq[k mitkus okyk gS A rkrSa dqfVyrk NkafM deZ {k;
djus okyk vktZo /eZ /kj.k djksA dqfVyrk gS lks v'kqHk deZdk
cU/ djus okyh gS] txresa vfrfuU/ gS A ;krSa vkRekdk fgr dk
bPNdfudaw vktZo /eZ dk voyEcu djuk mfpr gSA tSlk
vkids fpÙk eSa fpUrou dfj;s rSlk gh v.;daw dguk] vj rSlk
gh ckádk;Zdfj çorZu dfj;s] lks lq[k dk lap; djus okyk
vktZo /eZ dfg;s A ek;kpkj:i 'kY; eurSa fudkyks] mTtoy
ifo=k vktZo /eZ dk fopkj djksA ek;kpkjh dk ,d ri la;e
leLr fujFkZd gSA vktZo/eZ fuokZ.k ds ekxZ dk lgkbZ gS A tgka
dqfVy cpu ukgha cksys rgka vktZo /eZ çkIr gks; gS A ;ks vktZo
/eZ gS lks n'kZuKku pkfj=k dks v[kaMLo:i gS] vj vrhafæ;
lq[kdk fiVkjk gS A lalkj:i leqæ ds rjusdaw ftgkt:i vktZo
gh gSA
ek;kpkj tkU;k tk; rfn çhfr dk HkM õ gks; gS] tSls
dkathrSa nqX/ iQfV tk; gSA vj ek;kpkjh viuk diVdwa ogqr
fNikors gw çdV gq;ka fcuk ukgha jgs A ij thofu dh pqxyh djS
ok nks"k çdk'kS rS vkigh çdV gks tk; gSa A ek;kpkj djuk gS lks
viuh çrhfr dk fcxkMuk gSA ek;k pkjh dk leLr fgrw fcuk
fd;s oSjh gks; gSaA tks ozrh gks;] R;kxh&riLoh gks;] vj tkdk
diV ,d ckj fd;k gw çdV gks tk; rkdw leLr yksd v/ehZ
ekfu dksÅ çrhfr ukgha djS gSA diVh ekrk gw çrhfr ukgha djS gS A
diVh rks fe=kæksgh] Lokfeæksgh] /eZæksgh] d`r?uh gS vj ;ks ftusUæ
lks /eZ rks diVjfgr Nyjfgr gS A tSls ckadk E;ku esa lw/ks [kM~x
ços'k ukgha djS rSls diVdfj oØifj.kkeh dk ân; esa ftusUæ dk
vktZo dfg;s ljy /eZ ços'k ugha dj lds gS A diVh dk nksÅ
yksd u"V gks tk; gS A ;krSa tks ;'k pkgks gks] /eZ pkgks gks] çrhfr
pkgks gks rks ek;kpkj dk R;kxdfj vktZo /eZ /kj.k djksA diV
jfgr dks cSjh gw ç'kalk djS gSA diVjfgr] ljyfpÙk tks vijk/
Hkh fd;k gks rks n.M nsus ;ksX; ugha gS A vktZo /eZ dk /kjd rks
ijekRek dk vuqHko eSa ladYi djS gS d"kk; thrus dk] larks"k
/kjus dk ladYi djS gSA txr ds Nyfudk nwjghrSa ifjgkj djS gSA
vkRekdwa vlgk; pSrU;ek=k tkuS gSA tks /u lEink dqVqEck&
fnddwa viukoS lks gh diV Nydfj fBxkbZ djSaA rkrSa tks vkRekdaw
lalkj ifjHkze.krSa NqM+k; ijæO;furs vkidwa fHkUu vlgk; tkuS lks
/u thforO; ds vfFZk diV dnkfpr~ ukgha djSA rkrSa tks vkRek
daw ifjHkze.krSa NqMk;k pkgks gks rks ek;kpkj dk ifjgkj dfj
vktZo/eZ /kj.k djksA ,sls vktZo/eZ dk o.kZu fd;k AA3AA
mÙke lR; /eZ
vc lR; /eZ dk o.kZu djS gS&&tks lR;opu gS lks gh /eZ
gSA ;ks lR;opu n;k/eZ dks ewy dkj.k gS] vusd nks"kfudk
fujkdj.k djus okyk gS] bl Hkoesa rFkk ijHko esa lq[k dk djus
okyk gS] leLr ds fo'okl djus dk dkj.k gS A leLr /eZ ds
eè; lR;opu ç/ku gSA lR; gS lks lalkj leqæ ds ikj mrkjuSdwa
tgkt gSA leLr fo/kufu esa lR; gS lks cM+k fo/ku gSA leLr lq[k
dk dkj.k lR; gh gS A lR;rSa gh euq";tUe Hkwf"kr gks; gSA lR;
djds leLr iq.; deZ mTToy gks; gSa A ts iq.; dS Åaps dk;Z
dfj;s gSa frudh mTToyrk lR; fcuk ukgha gks; gS A lR;dfj
leLrxq.kfudk lewg efgekdaw çkIr gks; gS A lR; dk çHkkodfj
nso gS rs lsok djsa gSaA lR; djds gh v.kqozr] egkozr gks; gSa A lR;
fcuk ozr la;e u"V gks tk; gSaA lR;dfj leLr vkink dks uk'k
gks; gSA ;krSa tks opu cksyks lks viuk ijdk fgr:i dgks]
çek.khd dgks] dksÅ ds nq%[k mits ,slk cpu efr dgks]
ijthofu ds ck/kdkjh lR; gw efr dgks] xoZ jfgr dgks]
ijekRek dks vfLrRo dgus okyk opu dgks] ukfLrdfu ds opu
iki iq.; dk] LoxZ ujd dk vHkko dgus okyk opu efr dgksA
;gka ,slk ijekxe dk mins'k tkuuk&;ks tho
vuUrkuUrdky rks fuxksn esa gh jgkA rgka opu:i deZoxZ.kk gh
xzg.k ukgha djh] D;ksafd i`Fohdk;] vidk; rstdk;] ok;qdk;]
ouLifrdk; buds e/; vuUrdky vla[;krdky jáks A rgka rks
ftàk bfUæ; gh ugha ikbZ] cksyus dh 'kfÙkQ gh ukgha ikbZ A vj tks
fody&&prq"d esa miT;k rFkk iapsfUæ;fr;Zpfu esa miT;k rgka
ftàk bfUæ; ikbZ rksg v{kjLo:i 'kCn mPpkj.k djus dk lkeF;Z
ukgh Hk;k A ,d euq";iuk esa opu cksyus dh 'kfÙkQ çdV gks; gS A
,slk nqyZHk opudw vlR; cksfy fcxkM+ nsuk lks cM+k vuFkZ gS A
euq";tUe dh efgek rks ,d opu gksrs gSA us=k] d.kZ ftàk]
ukfldk rks <ksj fr;aZp ds gw gks; gS A [kkouk] ihouk]
dkeHkksxkfnd] iq.; iki ds vuqdwy <ksjfudwgw çkIr gks; gSA
vkHkj.k oL=kkfnd dwdjk] ckujk] x/k] ?kksM+k] ÅaV cy/ bR;k&
fndfudw gw feys gS] ijUrq opu dgus dh 'kfÙkQ Jo.k djus dh
'kfÙkQ rFkk mÙkj nsus dh 'kfÙkQ rFkk i<+us i<+kous dk dkj.k opu
rks euq";tUe esa gh gSA vj euq";tUe ik; tks opu fcxkfM+ fn;k
lks leLr tUe fcxkfM+ fn;kA cgqfj euq";tUeesa tks ysuk nsuk]
dguk&lquuk] /ht&çrhr] /eZ deZ] çhfr&oSj] bR;kfnd ts
ço`fÙk:i vj fuo`fÙk:i dk;Z gSa rs opu ds v/hu gSaA vj
opudaw gh nwf"kr dj fn;k rfn leLr euq"; tUe dk O;ogkj
fcxkM+ nwf"kr dj fn;kA rkrSa çk.k tkrs gw viuk opu viuk
opu daw nwf"kr er djksA
cgqfj ijekxeesa dák tks P;kfj çdkjdk vlR; opu
rkdk R;kx djksA tks fo|eku vFkZdk fu"ks/ djuk lks çFke
vlR; gS] tSls deZHkwfe dk euq"; fr;aZpdk vdkye`R;q ugha gks;]
,slk opu vlR; gSA tkrs nso ukjdh rFkk HkksxHkwfe dk euq";
fr;aZpdk rks vk;qdks fLFkfr iw.kZ Hk;ka gh ej.k gS] chp vk;q ukgha
fNnS gS] ftruh fLFkfr ca/h frruh Hkksx djds gh ej.k djS gSA vj
deZHkwfedk euq"; fr;Zapfudk rks vk;q gS lks fo"kdk Hk{k.kdfj
rFkk rkMu] ekj.k] Nsnu cU/ukfnd osnuk dfj rFkk jksxdh rhoz
osnukdfj rFkk nsgrSa #f/j dk uk'k gksusdfj rFkk nq"V euq";] nq"V
fr;aZp Hk;adj nso dfj miT;k Hk;dfj] rFkk otzikrkfnd dk
LopØ Hk;dfj] ijpØkfnd ds Hk;dfj] rFkk 'kL=kdk ?kkrdfj
rFkk ioZ r kfndrS irudfj rFkk vfXu gou] ty
dygfolaoknkfndrS miT;k Dys'kdkfj rFkk Lokl m'okldk
/wekfndrS #dusdfj rFkk vkgkjikukfndk fujks/kdfj vk;q dk
uk'k gks; gSA vk;qdh nh?kZfLFkfr gw fo"kHk{k.k] jÙkQ{k;] Hk;]
'kL=k?kkr] laDys'k] LoklksPNokl fujks/dfj vUu&ikudk
vHkkodfj rRdky uk'kdwa çkIr gks; gh gSA
dsrs yksd dgS gSa&&vk;q iwjh gqvk fcuk ej.k ukgha gks;]
rkdk mÙkj djS gSa&&tks cká fufeÙklwa vk;q ukgha fNnS rks
fo"kHk{k.krS dkSu ijkUeq[k gksrk \ vj fo"k [kkus okysdw mdkyh
dkgsdw ansrs \ vj 'kL=k?kkr djus okys rsa dkgs daw Hk;dfj Hkkxrs \
vj liZ] flag] O;k/] gLrh rFkk nq"V euq"; fr;aZpkfndfudw nwj
gh rsa dkgsdw NkaMrS \ vj unh leqæ dwi ckcM+h esa rFkk vfXu dh
Tokyk esa i<+us rsa dkSu Hk; djrk\ vj jksx dk bykt dkgsdwa
djrs \ rkrSa cgqr dgus dfj dgk] tks vk;q?kkr gksusdk cfgjM õ
dkj.k fey tk; rks vk;q dk ?kkr gks tk;] ;g fu'p; gS A cgqfj
vk;qdeZ dh T;ksa] vU; gw deZ cfgjM õ dkj.k feys mn; vkoS gh
gSa] leLr thofu ds ikideZ iq.;deZ lÙkk esa fo|eku gSa A cká
æO; {ks=kdky Hkkokfn ifjiw.kZ lkexzh feys deZ viuk jl nsoS gh
gS A cká fufeÙk ukgha feys rks mn; esa ukgha vkoS] rFkk jl fn;k
fcuk gh futZjS gS A cgqfj tks vln~Hkwrdwa çdV djuk lks nwtk
vlR; gS A tSls nsofudS vdkye`R;q dguk nsofudw Hkkstu
xzklkfn :i djuk dgs ok nsofudw ekal Hk{kh dguk rFkk
euq";uhds nsodfj dkelsou rFkk nsokaxukrS euq"; ds dkelsou
bR;kfnd dguk nwtk vlR; gS A cgqfj oLrq dk Lo:idwa vU;
foijhr Lo:i dguk lks rhljk vlR; gS A cgqfj xfgr opu
dguk lks pkSFkk vlR; opu gS A xfgZr opu dk rhu Hksn
gSa&xfgZr] lko|] vfç;A
fruesa iS'kwU;] gkL;] ddZ'k] vleatl] çyfir bR;kfnd
vU; gw lw=fo#¼ opu lks xfgZropu gSaA fruesa tks ijds fo|eku
rFkk vfo|eku nks"kfudwa ihB ikNS dguk rFkk ijdk /udk
fouk'k] thfodk dk fouk'k] çk.kfudk uk'k ftl opurSa gks tk;
rFkk txr esa fua| gks tk;] viokn gks tk;] ,slk opu dguk lks
iS'kwU; ukek xfgZr opu gS A cgqfj gkL;&yhyk] HkaM opu rFkk
Jo.k djusokysfuds v'kqHk jkx mitkousokys opu lks
gkL;ukek xfgZr opu gS A cgqfj vU;daw dgS rw <ka<k gS rw ew[kZ gS]
vKkuh gS] ew< gS bR;kfnd ddZ'k opu gSA gS cgqfj ns'k dky ds
;ksX; ukgh tkrs vkidS o vU; egklarki mitS lks vleatl
opu gSA cgqfj ç;kstu jfgr <hBiukrSa cdokn djuk lks çyfir
opu gSA
cgqfj ftl opudfj çk.khfudk ?kkr gks tk;] ns'k esa
miæo gks tk;] ns'k yqfV tk;] rFkk ns'kdk LokehfudS egk oSj
gks tk; rFkk xzkeesa vfXu yfx tk;] ?kj cy tk;] ou esa vfXu
yx tk; rFkk dyg&folaokn] ;q¼ çdV gks tk; rFkk fo"kkn
dfj efj tk;] oSj&cU/ gks tk; rFkk Ngdk; ds thofuds ?kkr
dk çkjEHk gks tk;] egkfgyk esa ço`fÙk gks tk; lks lko|opu gSA
rFkk ijdw pksj dguk] O;fHkpkjh dguk lks leLr lko|opu
nqxZfr ds dkj.k R;kxus ;ksX; gSaA
vfç;opu R;kxus ;ksX; çk.k tkrs gw ukgha dgukA
vfç;opu ds Hksn ,sls tkuus&&ddZ'k] dVqd] i#"kk] fu"Bqjk]
ijdksiuh] eè;d`"kk] vfHkekuuh] vu;adjh] Nsnadjh]
Hkwro/djhA ;s egkiki ds djus okyh egkfua| Hkk"kk lR;oknh
R;kx djS gSaA rw ew[kZ gS] cy/ gS] <ksj gS] js ew[kZ rw dgk le>s
bR;kfnd ddZ'kk Hkk"kk gS A
cgqfj rw dqtkfr gS] uhp tkfr gS] v/ehZ] egkikih rw
Li'kZu djus ;ksX; ukgh] rsjk eq[k ns[;ka cM+k vuFkZ gS bR;kfnd
m}sx djus okyh dVqd Hkk"kk gSA rw vkpkj&Hkz"V gS] Hkz"Vkpkjh gS]
egknq"V gS bR;kfnd eeZ Nsnusokyk i#"kkHkk"kk gS A rksdaw ekj
ukf[kL;wa] FkkjS Mkg ^yxkL;wa] Fkkjks eLrd dkfVL;wa] ruS [kk;
tkL;w bR;kfnd fu"Bqjk Hkk"kk gSA js fuyZTt ! o.kZ'kadj ! rsjk
tkfrdqy vkpkj dk fBdkuk ukgh] rsjk dgk ri] rw dq'khy gS] rw
galus ;ksX; gS] egkfu| gS] vHk{; Hk{k.k djus okyk gS] rsjk uke
fy;k dqy yfTtr gks; gS] bR;kfnd ijdksiuh Hkk"kk gS A cgqfj
ftl opu ds lqurs gh gkMfudh 'kfÙkQ lkeF;Z u"V gks tk; lks
eè;d`"kk Hkk"kk gS A cgqfj yksdfuesa viuk xq.k çdV djuk] ijds
nks"k dguk] viuk dqy tkfr :i cy foKkukfnd en fy;s tks
opu cksyuk lks vfHkekfuuh Hkk"kk gS A cgqfj 'khy[k.Mu djus
okyh vj fo}s"k djus okyh vu;adjh Hkk"kk gS A cgqfj oh;Z 'khy
xq.kkfndfu ds fuewZy djus okyh] vlR;nks"k çdV djus okyh]
txr esa >wBk dyad çdV djusokyh Nsnadjh Hkk"kk gSA ftl
opudfj v'kqHk osnuk çdV gks tk; ok çk.kfudk uk'k djus
okyh Hkwro/djh Hkk"kk gS A , n'k çdkj fua|opu R;kxus ;ksX;
gSaA
cgqfj L=khfuds gkoHkko foykl foHkze:i ØhMk
O;fHkpkjkfndfudh dFkk] dkeds txkus okyh] czãp;Z dk uk'k
djus okyh L=khfudks dFkk rFkk Hkkstuiku esa jkx djk;us okyh
Hkkstu dh dFkk] rFkk jkSæ deZ djkus okyh jktdFkk rFkk pksjhfu
dks dFkk rFkk feF;kn`f"V dqfyaxhfu dh dFkk] rFkk /u miktZu
djkus dh dFkk] rFkk oSjh ukghaA ikidk vklzodh dkj.k vfç;
Hkk"kk R;kxus ;ksX; gSA Hkks Kkuh gks ! ;s pkj çdkj dh fuU| Hkk"kk
gkL;dfj] Øks/dfj] yksHkdfj] endfj] Hk;dfj] }s"kdfj
dnkfpr~ efr dgksA vkidk ijdk fgr:i gh opu cksyksA bl
thodS tSlk lq[k fgr:i vFkZla;qDr fe"V opu djSa gSa fujkdqy
djSa gSa] vkrki gjS gSa] rSlk&lq[kdkjh vkrki gjus okyh
pUædkfUref.k] ty] pUnu] eqDrkiQykfnd dksÅ inkFkZ ukgha A
vj tgka vius cksyusrSa /eZ dh j{kk gksrh gks;] çk.khfu dk
midkj gksrk gks; rgka fcuk iwNS gw cksyuk] vj tgka vkidk
vU;dk fgr ukgha gks; rgka ekSulfgr gh jguk mfpr gSA
cgqfj lR; opuraS ldy fo|k fl¼ gks; gSa A tgka fo|k
 nsus okyk lR;oknh gks; vj lh[kus okyk gw lR;oknh gks; A rkds
ldy fo|k fl¼ gks;] deZ dh futZjk gks;A lR; dk çHkko ls
vfXu] ty] fo"k] flag] liZ] nq"V nso euq";kfnd ok/k ukgha dj
ldSa gSaA lR; dk çHkkorSa nsork o'khHkwr gks; gSa] çhfr çrhfr n`<+
gks; gSA lR;oknh ekrk leku fo'okl djus ;ksX; gS] xq#dk T;ksa
iwT; gks; gS] fe=k T;ksa fç; gks; gSa] mTtoy ;'kdwa çkIr gks; gS]
rila;ekfn leLr lR;opurSa lksgS gSaA tSls fo"k feyusdfj
fe"VHkkstu dk uk'k gks;] vU;k; dfj v/eZdk ;'k dk uk'k gks;
rSls vlR;opurSa vçrhfr] vdhfrZ] viokn] vius ok vU; ds
laDys'k] vjfr] dyg] oSj] Hk; 'kksd c/] cU/u] ej.k]
29 ftàkNsn] loZLogj.k] cUnhxqg esa ços'k] nqè;kZu] vie`R;q]
ozr&ri&'khy&la;e dk uk'k] ujdkfn nqxZfr esa xeu] Hkxoku
dh vkKk dks HkM õ] ijekxerSa ijkUeq[krk] ?kksjiki dk vkÏo
bR;kfn gtkjksa nks"k çxV gks; gSaA ;krSa Hkks Kkuh tu gks! yksd esa
fç; fgr e/qj opu cgqr HkjÔk gS] lqUnj 'kCn dh deh ukgha]
fiQj fua| opu D;ksa cksyks gks\
js] rw bR;kfnd uhp iq:"kfu ds cksyus ds opu çk.k tkrSa
gw efr dgksA v/eZiuk vj mÙkeiuk rks opu gh rS tk.;ktk; gS]
uhpfu ds cksyus ds fua|opudwa NkafM fç; fgr e/qj iF;
/eZlfgr opu dgksA ts vU;dwa nq%[k dk nsus okyk opu dgS gSa
rFkk >wBk dyad yxkoS gSa fruds ikirS bgka gh cqf¼ Hkz"V gks; gS]
ftàk xfy tk;] vU/k gks tk;] ix u"V gks tk;] nqè;kZurSa efj
ujd fr;Zapkfn dqxfr dk ik=k gks; gS A vj lR; dk çHkkorSa bgka
mTToy ;'k] opu dh flf¼] }kn'kkMkfn õ Jqrdk Kku ik; fiQj
bUækfnd egkf¼Zd nso gks; rhFkZadjkfn mÙke in ik; fuokZ.k
tk; gS A ;krSa mÙke lR; /eZghdaw /kj.k djksA ,sls lR;ukek /eZ
dk o.kZu fd;k AA4AA
mÙke 'kkSp /eZ
vc 'kkSp /eZ dk Lo:i o.kZu dfj;s gSaA 'kkSp uke
ifo=krk&mTToyrk dk gSA tks cfgjkRek nsg dh mTToyrk
Lukukfnd djusdw 'kkSp dgS gSa lks nsg rks lIr /krqe; eyew=k dks
Hkj;ks] tyrs /s;k 'kqfpiukdw çkIr ukgha gks; gSA tSls eydk
cuk;k ?kV eydk Hkj;k tyrs 'kq¼ ukgha gks; rSls 'kjhj gw
mTToy tyr 'kq¼ ukgha gks;] 'kqfp ekuuk o`Fkk gS A cgqfj
'kkSp/eZ rks vkRekdwa mTToy fd, gks;A vkRek yksHkdfj] fgalk
dfj vR;Ur eyhu gks; jgk gSA lks vkRek ds yksHk ey dk vHkko
Hk;s 'kqfprk gks; gSA tks vius vkRekdwa nsgrS fHkUu Kkuksi;ksx
&n'kZuksi;ksxe;] v[k.M] vfouk'kh] tUetjkej.k jfgr]
rhuyksdorhZ leLrinkFkZfu dk çdk'kd] lnk dky vuqHko dj
gS] è;koS gS rk ds 'kkSp/eZ gks; gSA cgqfj eudaw ek;kpkj
yksHkkfnd jfgr mTToy djuk rkdS 'kkSp/eZ gks; gS A tkdk eu
dke yksHkkfndfj eyhu gks; rkdS 'kkSp /eZ ukgha gks; gS A /u dh
x`f¼rk tks vfryEiVrk rkdk R;kxrs 'kkSp/eZ gks; gS A
cgqfj ifjxzg dh eerkdw NkafM bfUæ;fudk fo"k;fu dks
R;kxdfj ri'pj.k dk ekxZ çorZu djuk lks 'kkSp /eZ gS A cgqfj
czãp;Z /kj.k djuk lks 'kkSp/eZ gSA cgqfj v"Vendfj jfgr
fou;okuiuk Hkh 'kkSu/eZ gSA vfHkekuh enlfgr gks; lks
egkeyhu gSA rkdS 'kkSp /eZ dSls gks; \ cgqfj ohrjkx loZKdk
ijekxe vuqHko djusdfj vUrxZr feF;kRo d"kk;kfnd ey dk
/ksouk lks 'kkSp/eZ gS] mÙke xq.kfudk vuqeksnukdfj 'kkSp/eZ
gks; gS A ifj.kkefuesa mÙkeiq#"kfu dk xq.kfudk fproudfj
vkRek mTToy gks; gSA d"kk; eydk vHkkodfj mÙke 'kkSp/eZ
gks; gS A vkRekdwa ikidfj fyIr ukgksa gksus nsuk lks 'kkSp/eZ gS A
tks leHkko lUrks"kHkko :i tydfj rhoz yksHk:i eydk iq×tdaw
/kSoS gS vj Hkkstu esa yEiVrk jfgr gS] rkdS fueZy 'kkSp/eZ gks;
gS A tkrs Hkkstudk yaiVh vfr v/ehZ gS] vj v[kk|oLrqdw Hkh
[kk; gS] ghukpkjh gks; gSA Hkkstu dk yEiVh ds yTtk u"V gks
tk; gS A tkrS lalkj esa ftàkbfUæ; vj miLFk&bfUæ; ds o'khHkwr
Hk;s tho vkiks Hkwfy ujd ds] fr;aZpxfr ds dkj.k egkfua|
ifj.kkefudw çkIr gks; gSA
lalkj esa ij/u dks okaNk] ijL=kh dks okaNk] vj Hkkstu esa
vfryEiVrk gh ifj.kkedaw eyhu djus okyh gSA budh okaNkrS
jfgr gks; vius vkRekdaw lalkj irurs j{kk djksA vkRek dks
eyhurk rks thofgalkrS vj ij/u ijL=kh dh okaNkrSa gS A ts ijL=kh
ij/u dk bPNqd vj tho/kr ds djus okys gSa rs dksfV rhFkZfuesa
Luku djks] leLr rhFkZfudh cUnuk djks rFkk dksfV nku djks]
dksfV o"kZ ri djks] leLr 'kkL=kfudk iBu&ikBu djks rkSgw muds
'kq¼rk dnkfpr~ ukgha gks; A vHk{;&Hk{k.k djus okysfudk vj
vU;k; dk fo"k; rFkk /u ds Hkksxus ckysfudk ifj.kke ,sls
eyhu gks; gSa tks dksfV ckj /eZ dk mins'k v# leLr
fl¼kUrfudh f'k{kk cgqr o"kZ Jo.k djrs gw dnkfpr~ ân; esa
ços'k ukgha dj gS A lks nsf[k;s gS&ftudw ipkl cjl 'kkL=k Jo.k
djrs Hk;s gSa rksgw /eZdk Lo:i dk Kku ftudwa ukgha gS A lks leLr
vU;k; dk /u vj vHk{; Hk{k.k dk iQy gSA rkrSa tks viuh
vkRek dk 'kkSp pkgks gks rks vU;k; dk /u efr xzg.k djks vj
vHk{; Hk{k.k efr djks] ijL=kh dks vfHkyk"kk efr djks A cgqfj
ijekRek ds è;kurS 'kkSp gS] vfgalk lR; vpkS;Z czãp;Z vkSj
ifjxzg R;kxrSa 'kkSp/eZ gSA
ts iapikifu esa çorZusokys gSa rs lnkdky eyhu gSa ts ij
ds midkjdw yksi gSa rs d`r?uh lnk eyhu gSa] xq#æksgh /eZæksgh]
Lokfeæksgh] fe=kæksgh] midkjdaw yksius okys gSa] fruds iki dk
larki vla[;kr Hkofu esa dksfV rhFkZfuesa Lukudfj] nkudfj nwj
ukgha gks; gS A fo'okl?kkrh lnk eyhu gS A ;krSa Hkxoku ds
ijekjke dh vk'kk çek.k 'kq¼ lE;Xn'kZu&Kku pkfj=kdfj
vkRekdwa 'kqfp djksA Øks/kfnd d"kk; dk fuxzg dfj mÙke{kekfn
xq.k /kj.k dfj mTtoy djksA leLr O;ogkj diV jfgr
mTtoy djksA ijdk foHko] ,s'o;Z] mTToy ;'k] mÙke
fo|kfnd çHkko nsf[k] vns[kldk Hkko:i eyhurk NkafM]
'kkSp/eZ vaMhdkj
õ djksA ijdk iq.;dk mn; nsf[k fo"kknh efr
gksgwA bl euq"; i;kZ;dwa rFkk bfUæ; Kku cy vk;q lainkfndfudwa
vfuR; {k.kHkaxqj tkfu ,dkxz fpÙkdfj vius :Ik esa n`f"V /kfj]
v'kqHkHkkofudk vHkko dfj vkRekdwa 'kqfp djksA 'kkSp gh eks{k
dk ekxZ gS] 'kkSp gh eks{k dk nkrk gSA ,sls 'kkSp uke iape /eZ
o.kZu fd;ks A
mÙke la;e /eZ
vc la;e uke /eZ dk Lo:i dfg;s gSA la;e dk ,slk
y{k.k tkuuk&tks vfgalk dfg;s fgalk dks R;kx] n;k #i jguk_
fgr] fer] fç;] lR; opu cksyuk] ij ds /uesa ckaNk dk vHkko
djuk] dq'khy dk NkaM+uk] ifjxzg R;kxuk&, ikap ozr gS] fruesa
iapikifu dk ,dk ns'k R;kx lks v.kqozr gS] ldy R;kx lks
egkozr gS A bu iapozrfudwa n`<+ /kj.k djuk vj iaplfefrdk
ikyukA fruesa xex dh 'kq¼rk bZ;kZlfefr gS] opu dh 'kq¼rk lks
Hkk"kk lfefr gS] funkZs"k 'kq¼ Hkkstu djuk ,s"k.kk lfefr gSA 'kjhj
midj.kkfnd us=kfurs nsf[k lksf/k mBkouk /juk lks vknku
fu{ks"k.kk lfefr gS A eyew=k diQkfnd eyfuiQw vU; thofu ds
cykfu nq%[k ck/kfnd ukgha mit ,sls {ks=k esa {ksiuk lks
çfr"Bkiuklfefr gSA bu iap lfefrfudk ikyuk vj Øks/ eku
ek;k yksHk bu P;kj d"kk;fudk fuxzg djuk vj eu] opu]
dk;] dh v'kqHk ço`fÙk&,&n.M gSaA bu rhu n.Mfudk R;kx vj
fo"k;fu esa nkSM+rh iap bfUæ;fudw o'k djuk thruk lks la;e gSA
 HkkokFkZ&iaprrfudk /kj.k] iap lfefr dk ikyu]
d"kk;fudk fuxzg n.Mfudk R;kx] bfUæ;fudk fot;dw ftusaæ
ds ijekxe esa la;e dk gS A lks la;e cgqr nqyZHk gSA ftuds iwoZds
cka/s v'kqHk deZfudk vfreaniuk gksrs euq";&tUe] mÙke ns'k]
mÙke dqy] mÙke tkfr] bfUæ;ifjiw.kZrk] uhjksxrk] d"kk;fudh
eanrk gks; vj mÙkelaxfr vj ftusUæ dk vkxefu dk lsou] vj
lkaps xq#fudk la;ksx] lE;Xn'kZukfn vusd nqyZHk lkexzh dk
la;ksx gks; rfn lalkj nsg HkksxfurSa vfrfojDrrk ds /kjd
euq";dS vçR;k[;kukoj.k dk {k;ksi'kers rks ns'k la;e gks; vj
tkdS vçR;k[;ku vj çR;k[;ku nksÅ d"kk;fudk {k;ksi'ke gks;
rkds ldy la;e gks; gS A rkrSa la;e ikouk egknqyZHk gS A
ujdxfr esa] fyr;ap xfr esa nsoxfr esa rks laie gks; ukgh] dksÅ
fr;Zpdsa nsur viuh i;kZi ekfiQd dnkfpr~ gks; gS A vj euq";
i;kZ; esa Hkh uhpdqykfnesa] v/ens'kfuesa] bfUæ;fody] vKkuh]
jksxh] nfjæh] vU;k;ekxhZ] fo"k;kuqjkxh] rhud"kk;h] fu|dehZ]
feF;kn`"VhfudS la;e dnkfpr~ ukgha gks; gS] rkrSa la;edk ikouk
vfrnqyZHk gS A ,sls nqyZHk la;edw ik; dksÅ ew<cqf¼ fo"k;fu dk
yksyqih gks; NkabZ rks vuUrdky tUe ej.k djrk lalkj esa
ifjHkze.k djS gSA tks la;e ik; NkaMS gS] la;edwa fcxkMS+ gS rkds
vuUrdky fuxksn esa ifjHkze.k] vj'LFkkojfu esa Hkze.k djuk
gks;] lqxfr ukgha gks; A la;e ik; fcxkM+us leku vU; vuFkZ
ukgha gS A fo"k;fudk yksHkh gks; dfj tks la;edw fcxkM+s lks ,d
dkSM+h esa fprkef.k jRu csph gS] rFkk bZa/u ds vfFk dYio`{kdwNsnS
gS A fo"k;fu dk lq[k gS lks lq[k ukgha] lq[kkHkkl gS] {k.kHkaxqj gS]
ujdfu ds ?kksj nq%[kfudk dkj.k gS A fdikdiQy tSls ftàk dk
Li'kZ ek=k fe"V ykxS gS] ikNS ?kksj nq%[k] egknkg] larki ns;
ej.kdwa çkIr dj gS] rsls Hkksx fdafpRkek=k dky rks vKkuh
thofudwa Hkzers lq[k&lk HkklS gS fiQj vuUrdky vuUr Hkofu esa
?kksj nq%[k dk Hkksxuk gS A ;kraS la;e dh ije j{kk djksA ikap
bfUæ;fud fo"k;fuds lEcU/ jksdusrs la;e gks; gS A d"kk;fudk
[kaMudfj la;e gks; gSA nq¼Zjri dk /kj.kdfj la;e gks; gS A
jlfudk R;kxdfj la;e gks; gS A euds çlkjds jksdusdfj la;e
gks; gS A egku dk;Dys'kfu ds lgus dfj la;e gks; gSA
mioklkfnd vu'ku ridfj la;e gks; gSA euesa ifjxzg dh
ykylk dk R;kxdfj la;e gks; gSA =klLFkkoj thofu dh j{kk
djuk lks gh la;e gS A eu ds fodYifu ds jksdusdfj rFkk çeknrSa
opu dh ço`fÙk ds jksdusdfj la;e gks; gS A 'kjhj ds
vaxmikaxfudk çorZudaw jksdusdfj la;e gks; gS A cgqr xeu ds
jksdusdfj la;e gks; gSA cgqfj n;k:i ifj.kkedfj la;e gks; gSA
ijekFkZdk fopkj djdS rFkk ijekRek dk è;ku djds la;e gks;
gS A la;e djdS gh lE;Xn'kZu iq"V gks; A la;e gh eks{k dk ekxZ
gSA la;e fcuk euq";Hko 'kwU; gS] xq.kjfgr gS A la;e fcuk ;ks tho
nqxZfrfudaw çkIr Hk;k A la;e fcuk nsg dk /kjuk] cqf¼dk ikouk]
Kku dh vkjk/uk djuk leLr o`Fkk gS A la;e fcuk nh{kk /kj.kk
ozr /kj.kk] ewaM eqMkouk] uXu jguk] Hks"k /kj.kk ;s leLr o`Fkk gSaA
tkrSa la;e nks; çdkj gS&&bfUæ; la;e vj çkf.k&la;e A
tkdh bfUæ;ka fo"k;furSa ukgha #dh vj tkds Ngdk; ds thofu
dks fojk/uk ukgha Vyh rkds cká ijh"kg lguk] ri'pj.k djuk]
nh{kk ysuk o`Fkk gSA lalkj esa nqf[kr thofudaw la;e fcuk dksÅ
vU; 'kj.k ukgha gS A Kkuhtu rks ,slh Hkkouk HkkoS gS&tks la;e
fcuk euq"; tUe dks ,d ?kfVdk gwa efr tkoks] la;e fcuk vk;q
fu"iQy gS] ;ks la;e gS lks bl Hko esa vj ijHko esa 'kj.k gS]
nqxZfr:i ljksoj ds 'kks"k.k djusdwa lw;Z gS] la;e djds gh lalkj
:i fo"ke oSjh dk uk'k gks; A lalkj&ifjHkze.k dk uk'k la;e
fcuk ukgh gks; A ,slk fu;e gS tks varjM õ esa d"kk;fudfj
vkRekdwa eyhu ukgha gksus ns gSa vj cká ;Rukpkjh gqvk çekn
jfgr çorsZa gS rkdS la;e gks; gS A ,sls la;e /eZ dk o.kZu
fd;k AA1AA
mÙke ri /eZ
vc ri /eZ dk o.kZu djS gSA bPNk dk fujks/ djuk lks ri gS A
ri P;kj vkjk/ukfu esa ç/ku gSA tSls lqo.kZdaw rikous dfj lksyk
rko yxs] leLr ey NkafM djdS 'kq¼ gks; gS rSls vkRek gw }kn'k
çdkj ri ds çHkko dfj deZ&ey&jfgr 'kq¼ gks; gSA vKkuh
feF;kn`f"V rks nsgdaw iap vfXudfj rikoS gS rFkk vusd çdkj
dk; ds Dys'kdwa ri dgS gSa lks ri ukgha gSA dk; dwa nX/ fd;s vj
ekj fy;s dgk gks; \ feF;kn`f"V KkuiwoZd vkRekdaw deZcU/rSa
NqM+kouk ukgha tkuS gSaA deZdyad jfgr vkRek rks HksnKku iwoZd
vius vkRekdk LoHkkodaw vj jkx}s"k eksgkfn:i eSydaw fHkUu ns[kS
gS A tSls jkx}s"k eksg:i ey fHkUu gkstk; vj 'kq¼ Kku&n'kZue;
vkRek fHkUu gkstk; lks ri gS A ;kghrSa dgsa gS&
euq"; Hko ik; tks Loij rÙodwa tk.;k gS rks eulfgr iap
bfUæ;fudwa jksfd] fo"k;furSa fojÙkQ gks;] leLr ifjxzgdwa NkafM]
cU/ djus okyh jkx}s"kebZ ço`fÙkdaw NkafM] iki dk vkyEcu
NwVus ds vfFZk eerk u"V djus dw ou esa tk; ri dfj;s A ,slk ri
/U; iq#"kfu ds gks; gSA
lalkjh tho ds eerk :I cM+h iQkalh gS] lks eerk&:i
tky esa iQalk gqvk ?kksj deZdwa djrk egk iki dk cU/dfj
jksxkfnd dh rhoz osnukrSa] vj L=kh&iq=kkfn leLr dqVqEc dk rFkk
ifjxzg dk fo;ksxkfndrSa miT;k rhoz vkrZè;kurSa ej.k ik;
nqxZfrfu ds ?kksj nq%[kfu daw tk; çkIr gks; gS A riksoudaw çkIr
gksuk nqyZHk gS A ri rks dksÅ egkHkkX; iq#"k ikifurSa fojÙkQ gks;
leLr L=kh] iq=k&/ukfnd ifjxzgrSa eeRo NkafM] ije /eZ ds
/kjd ohrjkx fuxZzUFk xq#fu dk pj.kfu dk 'kj.k ikoZ gS] vj
xq#fudks ik;dfj tkdS v'kqHk deZdk mn; vfr eUn gks;]
lE;DRo:i lw;Z dk mn; çxV gks; lalkj&fo"k; HkksxfurSa
fojÙkQrk tkdS mith gks; lks ri la;e xzg.k djS gS] vj tks ,slk
nq¼j ridwa /kj.k djds gw dksÅ ikih fo"k;fudh okaNkdfj
fcxkMS rkds vuUrkuUr dky esa fiQj ri ukgha çkIr gks; gS A ;krSa
euq";Hko ik;] rÙofudk Lo:i tkfu] eulfgr iap bfUæ;fudwa
jksfd] oSjkX;:i gks;] leLr laxdwa NkafM ouesa ,dkdh] è;ku esa
yhu gqvk fr"BS lks ri gSA
tgka ifjxzg esa eerk u"V gks; okaNkjfgr fr"Buk rFkk
çp.M dke dk [k.Mu djuk lks cM+k ri gSA tgka uXu
fnxEcj:i /kfj 'khrdh] ioudh] vkrkidh] o"kkZ&dh rFkk
Mkal] ePNj] ef{kdk] e/qef{kdk] liZ fcPNw bR;kfndrSa mith
?kksj osnukdaw dksjs vMifj
õ lguk lks ri gS A vj tks futZu ioZrfu
dh futZu xqHkkfu esa] Hk;a~dj ioZrfuds njkMsfu esa rFkk flag]
O;k?kz] jhN] L;ky] phrk] gLrhfudfj O;kIr ?kksj ouesa fuokl
djuk lks ri gS A rFkk nq"V cSjh EysPN pksj f'kdkjh euq"; vj
nq"V O;arjkfnd nsofud`r ?kksj milxZfurSa dEik;eku ukgha gksuk]
/hjohjiukrSa dk;jrk NkafM oSj fojks/ NkafM lerkHkkorSa ijekRek
dk è;ku esa yhu gqvk lguk lks ri gS A cgqfj leLr thofudaw
my>kus okys jkx}s"kfu daw thruk] u"V djuk lks ri gS A cgqfj tks
;kpukjfgr fHk{kkds volj esa Jkod dk ?kj esa uo/k HkfÙkQdfj
gLr eSa /jÔk [kkjk vyw.kk dM+ok [kkVk yw[kk phduk jl uhjl]
frlesa yksyqirk vj laDys'k jfgr funksZ"k çklqd vkgkj fnu esa
,d ckj Hk{k.k djuk lks ri gSA cgqfj tks iaplfefr dk ikyu
vj euopudk;dwa pyk;eku ukgha djuk] viuk jkx}s"k jfgr
vkRekuqHko djuk lks ri gSA tks Lo&ij rRo dh dFkuhdk fu.kZ;
djuk] P;kj vuq;ksx dk vH;kldfj /eZlfgr dky O;rhr
dj.kk lks ri gSA cgqfj vfHkeku NkafM fou;&:i çorZuk] diV
NkafM ljy ifj.kke /kjuk] Øks/ NkafM {kek xzg.k djuk] yksHk
R;kx fuokZ×N gksuk lks ri gS A tkdfj deZdk lewg dk uk'kdfj
vkRek Lok/hu gks tk; lks ri gSA
tks Jqrdk vFkZdk çdk'k djuk] O;k[;ku djuk] vki
fujUrj vH;kl djSa] vU;dwa vH;kl djkoS lks ri gSA
riLohfudk nsofudk bUnz Lrou dj] HkfÙkQdk çdk'k dj] ri
dfj dsoyKku mRiUu gks; gSA ridk vfpRa; çHkko gS A ri ds
ekafg ifj.kke gksuk vfr nqyZHk gS A ukjdh] fr;Za×p] nsofudSa
ridh ;ksX;rk gh ukgha] ,d euqO;xfr esa gks; A euq"; esa gw mÙke
dqy] tkfr] cy] cqf¼ bfUæ;fudh iw.kZrk tkds gks; rFkk
fo"k;fudh ykylk tkdSa u"V HkbZ rkdS gks; gS A ri }kn'k çdkj
gS A tkdh tSlh 'kfÙkQ gks; frl çek.k /kj.k djks] ckyd djks]
o`¼ djks] /uk<~; djks] fu/Zu djks] cyoku djks] fucZy djks]
lgk; lfgr gks; lks djks] lgk; jfgr gks; lks djksA Hkxoku~ dks
ç:I;k ri fdlhdS gw djusdaw v'kD; ukgha gS A tSls ok;q] fiÙk]
diQkfn dk çdksi ukgha gks;] jksx dh o`f¼ ukgha gks;] tSls 'kjhj
jRu=k; dks lgdkjh cU;kS jgS rSlS viuk laguu cy oh;Z nsf[k ri
djks A rFkk ns'k dky vkgkj dh ;ksX;rk nsf[k ri djksA tSls ri esa
mRlkg c/rk jgS] ifj.kkefu esa mTToyrk c/rh tk;] rSlsa ri
djks A rFkk tks bPNkdk fujks/dfj fo"k;fu esa jkx ?kVkouk lks ri
gS A ri gh thodk dY;k.k gS] ri gh dkedwa] fuækdwa] çekndwa
u"V djus okyk gS A ;krSa en NkafM] ckjg çdkj ri esas tSlk tSlk
djusdaw lkeF;Z gks; rSlk gh ri djksA ,slSa ri/eZ dk o.kZu
fd;kAA7AA
mÙke R;kx /eZ
vc R;kx /eZdk o.kZu djS gSaA R;kx ,sls tkuuk&tks
lainkfn ifjxzgdaw deZdk mn;tfur ijk/hu] vj fouk'khd]
vj vfHkeku dks mitkous okyh] r`".kkdaw c/kous okyh] jkx}s"k
dh rhozrk djusokyh] fgalkfnd iap ikifudk ewy tkfu mÙke
iq#"k ;kdwa vaxhdkj gh ukgha fd;k] rs /U; gSa A tks dksbZ ;kdwa
vaxhdkj dfj ;kdwa gykgy&fo"k leku tkfu th.kZ r`.k dh T;ksa
R;kx fd;k frudh vfpaR; efgek gSA vj dsbZ thofu ds rhoz
jkxHkko eUn gqvk ukgha ;krSa ldy R;kxusdwa leFkZ ukgha vj ljkx
/eZ esa #fp /kjS gSa] vj ikirSa Hk;Hkhr gSa] rs bl /udwa mÙke
ik=kfuds midkjds vfFkZ nku esa yxkoS gSaA vj ts /eZds lsou
djus okys fu/Zu tu gSa fruds vUu&oL=kkfnddfj midkj djus
esa /u yxkoS gSa A rFkk /eZ ds vk;ru ftuefUnjkfndfu esa] ftu
fl¼kUr fy[kk; nsus esa rFkk midj.k esa] iwtukfnd çHkkouk esa
yxkoS gSa] rFkk nq%f[kr nfjæh jksxhfu ds midkj esa ru eu /u
d#.kkoku gks; yxkoS gSa] rs /u thrO;daw liQy dj gSaA nku gS
lks /eZ dk vax gSA ;krSa viuh 'kfÙkQ çek.k HkfÙkQ dfj xq.kfu ds
/kjd mTToy ik=kfu dks nku nsuk gS lks ijyksddwa tkorS egku
lq[klkexzhdwa ys tkoS gS] lks fufoZ?u LoxZdwa rFkk HkksxHkwfedwa çkIr
djus okyk tkuksA nkudh efgek rks vKkuh ckyxksiky gw dgS gSa A
tks iwoZ nku fn;k gS lks ukukçdkj lq[klkexzh ikbZ gS] vj nsxk lks
ikoSxk A rkrSa tks lq[k&lEink dk vFkhZ gks; lks nku gh esa vuqjkx
djksA vj ts nku djus esa fu#|eh gSa rks bgkagw rhoz vkrZifj.kkerS
efj likZfnd nq"V fr;aZpxfr ik; ujd fuxksndwa tk; çkIr gks;
gSaA /u dgk ykj tk;xk \ /u ikouk rks nkughrSa liQy gS A nku
jfgr dk /u ?kksj nq%[kfu dks ifjikVh dk dkj.k gS] vj bgka gw
d`i.k ?kksjfuankdwa ikoS gSA d`i.k dk uke Hkh yksd ukgha dgS gS A
d`i.k lwe dk ukedwa yksx veMy õ eku gSaA tkesa vkSxq.k nks"k gw
gks; rks nkuh dk nks"k <fd tk; gS A nkuh dk nks"k nwfj HkkxS gSA
nkudfj gh fueZy dhfrZ txeSa fo[;kr gks; gSA nku nsusdfj cSjh
cSj NkaMS gS] viuk fgr djus okyk fe=k gks tk; A txr esa nku
cM+k gS A FkksM+klk nku gw lR;kFkZ HkfÙkQ dfj djus okyk HkksxHkwfe
dk rhu iY;i;ZUr Hkksx Hkksfx nsoyksd esa tk; gSA nku nsuk gh
txr esa Åapk gS A nku nsuk fou; la;qÙkQ Lusg dk opudfj lfgr
gks; nsukA vj nkuh gS rs ,slk vfHkeku ukgha djS gSa tks ge bldk
midkj djS gSa A nkuh rks ik=kdwa viuk egkmidkj djus okyk ekuS
gSa&tks yksHk :i vU/kdwi esa iM+us ls cpus dk midkj ik=k fcuk
dkSu djS] ik=kfcuk yksHkhfudk yksHk ukgha NwVrk] vj ik=k fcuk
lalkj ds m¼kj djus okyk nku dSls c.krk\ ;krSa /ekZRektufu
ds rks ik=kds feyus leku vj nku ds nsus leku vU; dksÅ
vkuUn ukgha gSA cM+kiuk] /uk<Ôiuk] Kkuhiuk ik;k gS rks nku esa
gh m|e djksA Ngdk; ds thofudaw vHk;nku nsgq] vHk{; dk
R;kxdfj cgq vkjEHk ds ?kVkousdfj nsf[k lksf/ esyuk] /juk]
;Rukpkj fcuk funZ;h gks; ukgha çorZukA fdlh çk.kh ek=kdwa eu
cpu dk;rsa nq%f[kr efr djksA nq%f[kfu dh d#.kk gh djks] ;ks
gh x`gLFk ds vHk;nku gSA ;krS lalkj esa tUe] ej.k] jksx] 'kksd]
nkfjæ] fo;ksxkfnd larki dk ik=k ugha gksvksxsA
cgqfj lalkj ds c/kous okys] fgalkdwa iq"V djus okys rFkk
feF;k /eZ dh ç:i.kk djus okys rFkk ;q¼&'kkL=k] J`Mkj'kkL=k]
õ
ek;kpkj ds 'kkL=k] oS|d'kkL=k&jl&jlk;.k] ea=k&ta=k] ekj.k]
o'khdj.kkfnd 'kkL=k egkiki ds ç:id gSa A budwa vfr nwjrsa gh
R;kfx Hkxoku ohrjkx loZK dk dák n;k/eZdwa ç:i.kk djus
okys] L;k}kn:i vusdkar dk çdk'k djus okys] u;çek.kdfj
rÙokFkZ dh ç:i.kk djus okys 'kkL=kfudaw vius vkRekdwa
i<us&i<kous dfj vkRek dk m¼kj ds vfFkZ vius vfFkZ nku
djksA viuh lUrku Kkunku djks rFkk vU; /eZcqf¼ /eZ jkspd
bPNqd frudaw 'kkL=knku djks A Kku ds bPNqd gSa rs Kkunku ds
vfFkZ ikB'kkyk LFkkiu djsa gSaA tkrsa /eZ dk LrEHk Kku gh gS A tgka
Kkunku gks;xk rgka /eZ jgsxk] ;kraS Kkunku esa çorZu djksA
Kkunku ds çHkkorSa fueZy dsoy Kkudwa ikoS gSA
cgqfj jksx dk uk'k djus okyk çklqd vkS"kf/ dk nku
djksA vkS"k/ nku cM+k midkjd gS A vj jksxhdaw lh/h rS;kj
vkS"kf/ feys gS rkdk cM+k vkuUn gS A vj fu/Zu gks; rFkk tkds
Vgy djus okyk ukgha gks;] rkdw vkS"k/ tks djh gqbZ rÕ;kj fey
tk; rks fu/hfudk ykHk leku eku gS] vkS"k/ ys; fujksx gks; gS]
lks leLr ozr ri la;e ikys gS] Kku dk vH;kl djS gS A
vkS"k/nku gS rkds okRlY;xq.k] fLFkfrdj.kxq.k] fufoZafpfdRlk
&xq.k bR;kfnd vusd xq.k çdV gks; gSa A vkS"kf/nku ds çHkkorSa
jksxjfgr nsofu dk oSfØf;d nsg ikoS gSA
cgqfj vkgkjnku leLr nkufuesa ç/ku gSA çk.kh dks thou
'kfÙkQ] cy cqf¼ ;s leLr xq.k vkgkj fcuk u"V gks tk; gS A
vkgkj fn;ks lks çk.khdw thou cqf¼ 'kfÙkQ leLr nhukA
vkgkjnkursa gh eqfu Jkod dk ldy /eZ çorsZa gS A vkgkj fcuk
ekxZ Hkz"V gks; tk;A vkgkj gS lks leLr jksx dk uk'k djus okyk
gSA tks vkgkj nku ns gS lks feF;kn`f"V gw HkksxHkwfe esa dYio`{kfu
dk n'kkax Hkksxdaw vla[;kr dky Hkksx vkSj {kq/kr`"kkfn dh ck/k
jfgr gqvk vkaoykçek.k rhu fnuds vkarjs Hkkstu djSA leLr
nq%[kDys'kjfgr vla[;kro"kZ lq[k Hkksfx nsoyksdfu esa tk; mitS
gS A ;krSa /udwa ik; P;kj çdkj ds nku nsus esa çorZu djks A vj
fu/Zu gS lks gw¡ viuk Hkkstu esa rSa tsrk cuS rsrk nku djksA vkidwa
vk/k Hkkstu feyS rheSa rSgw xzkl nks;xzkl nq%f[kr cqHkqf{kr nhu
nfjæhfu ds vFkZ nsoksA
cgqfj fe"V opu cksyus dk cM+k nku gS] vknj lRdkj
fou; djuk] LFkku nsuk] dq'ky iwNuk ;s egknku gSa A cgqfj nq"V
fodYifu dk R;kx djks] ikifu esa ço`fÙk dk R;kx djks] pkj
d"kk;fudk R;kx djks] fodFkk djus dk R;kx djks] ijds nks"k
lR;] vlR; dnkfpr~ efr dgks A cgqfj vU;k; dk /u xzg.k
djus dk nwj gh rS R;kx djks A Hkks Kkuhtu gks ! tks viuk fgr ds
bPNqd gks rks nq[khtufudaw rks nku djks] vj lE;Xn'kZu]
lE;XKkukfn xq.kfu ds /kjdfu dk egkfou; lUeku djks] leLr
thofu esa d#.kk djks] feF;kn'kZudk R;kx djks] jkx}s"k eksg ds
/kjd dqnso vj vkjEHk ifjxzg ds /kjd Hks"k/kjh] vj fgalk ds
iks"kd] jkx}s"kdw iq"V djus okys feF;kn`f"Vfu ds 'kkL=k] budwa
cUnuk Lrou ç'kalk djus dk R;kx djksA Øks/] eku] ek;k] yksHk
buds fuxzg djus esa cMk m|e djksA Dys'k djus ds dkj.k vfç;
opu] xkyh ds opu] vieku ds opu] enlfgr opu
dnkfpr~ efr dgks A bR;kfnd tks ij ds nq%[k ds dkj.k rFkk
viuk ;'kdwa u"V djus okyk] /eZdaw u"V djus okyk eu] opu]
dk;ds çorZu dk R;kx djksA ,sls R;kx/eZ dk la{ksi esa o.kZu
fd;k AA8AA
mÙke vkfdapU; /eZ
vc vkfdapU; /eZ dk Lo:i dfg;s gSA tks ^^viuk Kku&
n'kZue; Lo:i fcuk vU; fdafpUek=k gw vU; æO; dk ukgha gwa]
esjk dksbZ vU; æO; ukgha gS** ,slk vuqHkoudaw vkfdapU; dfg;s
gSaA Hkks vkReu~ ! viuk vkRekdwa nsgrSa fHkUu] vj Kkue;] vU;
æO; dh miek&jfgr] vj Li'kZjlxa/o.kZjfgr] vj viuk
Lok/hu KkukuUnlq[kdfj iw.kZ] ije vrhfUæ;] Hk; jfgr&,slk
vuqHko djksA
HkkokFkZ&&;g nsg gS lks eSa ukgha] nsg rks jl] #f/j] gkM]
ekal] pkee; tM+ vpsru gS A eSa bl nsgrSa vR;Ur fHkUu gwaA ;s
czkã.k {kf=k;kfnd tkfrdqy nsg ds gSa] esjs ;s ukgha gSa A L=kh]
iq#"k] uiqald fyax nsgds gSa] esjs ukgha A ;ks xksjkiuk] lkaoyiuk]
jktkiuk] jadiuk] Lokfeiuk] lsodiuk] if.Mriuk] ew[kZiuk
bR;kfn leLr jpuk deZ dk mn;tfur nsg ds gSa] eSa rks Kk;d gwaA
;s nsg dk lEcU/h esjk Lo:i ukgha gS] esjk Lo:i vU; æO; dk
miekjfgr gS A rkrk] BaMk] uje] dBksj] yw[kk phduk] gydk
Hkkjh v"V çdkj Li'kZ gSa rs gekjk :i ukgh] iqn~xyds :i gSa ! ;s
[kkVk] ehBk] dMok] dlk;yk] fpjijk iap çdkj jl] vj
lqxU/ nqxZU/ nks; çdkj dk xa/] vj dkyk] ihyk] gjk] 'osr]
jÙkQ ;s iap o.kZ esjk Lo:i ukgh] iqn~xy dk gS A esjk LoHkko rks
lq[kdfj ifjiw.kZ gS] ijUrq deZ ds vk/hu nq[kdfj O;kIr gks; jgkA
esjk Lo:i bfUæ; jfgr vrhafæ; gSA bfUæ;ka iqn~xye; deZdfj
dh gqbZ gSaA eSa leLr Hk; jfgr] vfouk'kh] v[kaM
vkfn&vUr&jfgr] 'kq¼ KkuLoHkko gwa] ijUrq vukfndkyrsa tSls
lqo.kZ vj ik"kk.k fey jgk gS rSls] rFkk {khj&uhj T;ksa deZfu dfj
vukfndky rsa fey jgk gw¡A frfuesa gwa feF;kRouke deZ dk
mn;dfj] viuk Lo:i dk Kku jfgr gks;] nsgkfnd ij
æO;fudwa viuk Lo:i tkfu] vuUrdkyrs ifjHkze.k fd;kA vc
dksÅ fdfpr~ vkoj.kkfnd ds nwj gksus ls Jhxq#fudk mins';k
ijekxe ds çlknrsa viuk vj ijdk Lo:i dk Kku Hk;k gSA tSls
jRufuds O;kikjh tMs gq, iap o.kZ jRufu Hk;k ds vkHkj.kkfu esa
xq# dh d`ikrSa vj fujUrj vH;klr feY;k gqvk gaw Mkd dk jad
vj ekf.kD; dk jaxdwvj rksydwvj eksydw fHkUu fHkUu tkus gSa
rSls ijekxedk fujarj vH;klrSa esjk Kku LoHkko esa feY;k gqvk
jkx }s"k eksg dkekfnd eSydaw fHkUu tk.;k gS] vj esjk Kk;d
LoHkko dks fHkUu tk.;k gS A rkrSa vc tSls jkx}s"keksgkfnd Hkko
deZfu esa vj deZfuds mn;rsa mits fouk'khd 'kjhj ifjokj /u
lainkfn ifjxzg esa eerk cqf¼ esjs tSls fiQj vU; tUe esa gw ukgha
mitS rSls vkfdapU; HkkÅaA
;k vkfdapU; Hkkouk vukfndkyrsa ukgha mith] leLr
i;kZ;fudaw viuk :i ekU;k rFkk jkx}s"keksg&Øks/ dkekfnd
Hkko deZd`r fodkj Fks frudaw vki:i vuqHko dfj foijhr
HkkofurSa ?kksj deZcU/dwa fd;kA vc eSa vkfdapU; Hkkouk esa fo?u
dk uk'k djus okyk iap ije&xq#fudk 'kj.krS vkfdapU; gh
fufoZ?u pkgw gwa vkSj =kSyksD; esa dksÅ vU;oLrq dw ukgha ckaNw gwa A
;ks vkfdapU;i.kk gh lalkjleqærSa rkj.ksdw ftgkt gksgwA tks
ifjxzgdw egkcU/ tkfu NkaMuk lks vkfdapU; gSA vkfdapU;i.kk
tkds gks; gS rkds ifjxzg esa ckaNk ukgha jgs gSa] vkReè;ku esa yhurk
gks; gS] nsgkfndfu esa] okáos"k esa vkiks ukgha jgS gS] vj viuk
Lo:i tks jRu=k; rkesa ço`fÙk gks; gS] bfUæ;fuds fo"k;esa nkSM+rk
eu #fd tk; gS] nsgrSa Lusg NwfV tk;] lkalkfjd nsofudk lq[k]
bUæ vgfeaæ pØorhZfudk lq[k gw nq[k nh[kS gS A buesa okaNk dSls
djs \ ifjx`g jRu lqo.kZ jkT; ,s'o;Z L=kh iq=kkfndfudaw th.kZr`.k
esa tSls eerkjfgr NkaMusesa fopkj ukgha rSlSa ifjxzg NkaMS gSA
vkfdapU; rks ije ohrjkxi.kk] gS] ftuds lalkj dks vUr vk
x;ks frudS gks; gSA tkdS vkfdapU;i.kk gks; rkdS ijekFkZ gks;]
rkdS ijekFkZ tks 'kq¼ vkRek rkdk fopkjus dh 'kfÙkQ çxV gks;
gh] vj iapijes"Bh esa HkfÙkQ gks;- gh] vj nq"V fodYifudk uk'k
gks; gh] vj b"V vfu"V Hkkstu esa jkx}s"k u"V gkstk; gSA dsoy
mnj:i [kkMk Hkjuk] vU; jl uhjl Hkkstuesa fopkj tkrk jgS gSA
leLr /eZfu esa ç/ku /eZ vkfdapU; gh eks{kdk fudV lekxe
djkus okyk gS A vukfndkyrs tsrs fl¼ Hk;s gSa rs vkfdpU;rSa gh
Hk;s gSa vj vkxsa tks tks rhFkaZdjkfn fl¼ gksaxs rks vkfdapU;i.kk
gh rsa gksaxsA ;|fi vkfdapU;/eZ ç/kudfj lk/qtufudS gh gks; gS
rFkkfi ,dns'k /eZ /kjd xzgLFk ml /eZds xzg.k djus dh bPNk
djS gS] vj x`gkpkj esa eanjkxh gks; vfrfojÙkQ gks; gS] çek.khd
ifjxzg /j gS] vkxkeh okaNkjfgr gS] vU;k;dk /u ifjxzg
dnkfpRk~ xzg.k ukgha djS gS] vYi ifjxzg esa vfr lUrks"kh gks; jgS
gS A ifjxzgdw nq%[kdk nsusokyk vj vR;Ur vfLFkj eku gS rkdS gh
vkfdapU;Hkkouk gks; gS A ,sl vkfdapU; /eZdk o.kZu fd;k
AA9AA
mÙke czãp;Z /eZ
vc mÙke czãp;Zdk Lo:i dfg, gS&leLr fo"k;fu esa vuqjkx
NkaM djdS czã tks Kk;dLoHkko vkRek rkesa tks p;kZ dfg;s
ço`fÙk lks czãp;Z gS A Hkks Kkuhtu gks! ;ks czãp;Z uke ozr cMks
nq¼Zj gS] gjsd ckiMk fo"k;fuds cl gqvk vkReKku jfgr gSa rs
;kadq /kjosdaw leFkZ ukgha gSaA ts euq";fu esa nsods leku gSa rs
/kjosdwa leFkZ gSa] vU; jad fo"k;fudh ykylkds /kjd czãp;Z
/kjusdw leFkZ ukgha gSaA ;ks czãp;Zozr egknqnZ~/j gS] tkdS czãp;Z
gks; rkdS leLr bfUæ; vj d"kk;fudk thruk lqyHk gSA
Hkks HkO; gks ! L=khfudk lq[k esa jkxh eu:i enksUeÙk gLrh
rkdwa cSjkX;Hkkoukls jksfd djds] vj fo"k;ksa dh vk'kkdk vHkko
djds] nq¼Zj czãp;Z /kj.k djks A ;ks dke gS lks fpÙk:i Hkwfeesa
mits gS] ;kdks ihMkdfj ukgha djus ;ksX; ,sls iki djS gSaA ;krSa ;ks
dke eudw eFku djS gS] eudk Kkudw u"V djS gS] ;kghrSa ;kdw
eueFk dfg;s gS A Kku u"V gks tk; rfn L=khfudk egknqxZU/ fua|
'kjhjdw jkxh gqvk lsos gSA vj dkedfj vU/ gks rfn egk
vuhfrd çkIr gks; viuh ijdh ukjh dk fopkj gh ukgha djS
gS&tks bl vU;k;rS eSa bgka gh ekjk tkÅaxk] jktk dk rhozn.M
gks;xk] ;'k eyhu gks;xk] /eZ Hkz"V gkstkÅaxk] lR;kFkZ cqf¼ u"V
gks tk;xh] ej.kdfj ujdfuesa ?kksj nq%[k vla[;krdky i;ZUr
Hkksx dfj fiQj vla[;kr fr;aZpfuds nq%[k:i vusd Hko ik;
dqekuq"kfuesa vU/k] ywyk] dqcMk] nfjæh] bfUæ;fody] cgjk]
xwaxk rFkk vikfgt] uhp dqyesa mift] fiQj =kl&LFkkojfuesa
vuUrdky ifjHkze.k d:axk&,slk lR; fopkj dkehds ukgha mitS
gSA bl dkeds uke gh txr ds thofudaw çdV djS gSa A da dfg;s
[kksVk] niZ vFkkZr~ xoZ mitkoS rkraS daniZ dfg;s gS A vfr dkeuk
tks ckaNk mitk; nq%f[kr djS rkrs ;kdwa dke dfg;s gS A ;kdfj
vusd fr;aZpfuds rFkk euq";fu ds Hkofu esa yfM&yfM efj;s rkrsa
ekj dfg;s gSA laojdks cSjh rkrS laojkfj dfg;sA czã tks ri la;e
rkrSa lqozfr dfg;sA pyk;eku djS rkrSa czãlw dfg;s A bR;kfnd
vusd nks"kfudaw uke gh dgS gSa A ;k tkfu euopudk;rS vuq&
jkxdfj czãp;Zozr ikyksA czãp;Z ozr dfj lfgr gh lalkj ds
ikj tkvksxs A czãp;Zozr fcuk ozr ri leLr vlkj gS A czãp;Z
fcuk ldy dk;Dys'k fu"iQy gSaA cká tks Li'kZbfUæ;dk lq[krsa
fojÙkQ gks;] vH;Urj ijekReLo:i vkRek rkdh mTToyrk
ns[kgqa A tSls viuk vkRek dkeds jkxdfj eyhu ukgha gks; rSls
;Ru djksA czãp;Zdfj gh nksÅ yksd Hkwf"kr gks; gSa A
cgqfj tks 'khydks j{kk pkgks gks] vj mTToy ;'k pkgks gks]
vj /eZ pkgks gks] vj viuh çfr"Bk pkgks gks rks fpÙkesa ijekxe
dks f'k{kk bl çdkj /kj.k djks&L=khfu dh dFkk efr Jo.k djks]
efr dgks A L=khfu dk jkx&jax dqrwgy ps"Vk efr ns[kksA ;s esyk
ns[kuk ifj.kke fcxkMS gS A O;fHkpkjh iq#"kfudh lMfrdk õ R;kx
djuk] Hkkax&tjnk&ekndoLrq Hk{k.k ukgha djuk] rkEcwy rFkk
iq"iekyk] vrjiQqysykfn 'khyHkM õ ozrHkM õ ds dkj.k nwjrsa Vkyks]
xhru`R;kfn dkeksíhiuds dkj.kfudk ifjgkj djks] jkf=kHk{k.k
Vkyks] fodkj djudk dkj.k yksdfo#¼ oL=k vkHkj.k efr
igjks] ,dkUresa dksÅ gh L=kh ek=k dk lalxZ efr djks] jluk
bfUæ; dh yEiVrk NkaMks A ftàkdh yEiVrkdh ykj gtkjka nks"k
vkoS gS] ;kr leLr Åapki.kks ;'k /keZ u"V gkstk; gS A ftàk
bfUæ;dk yEiVhds lUrks"k u"V gkstk;] leHkkodw LoIuesa gw ukgha
tkus] yksdO;ogkj Hkz"V gkstk;] czãp;Z HkM õ gkstk; ;krSa
vkRekds fgrdk bPNqd ,d czãp;Z dh gh j{kk djksA
,sls /eZds n'ky{k.k loZK Hkxoku us dgS gSa A tkds ;s n'k
fpUg çdV gks; rkds /eZ gS mÙke{kekfndfuds ?kkrd /eZds cSjh
Øks/kkfnd gSa] frursa vusd nks"k mitS gSa] frudks nwj djks A vj
{kekfndfuesa vusd xq.k gSa frudks Hkkouk ckjEckj lnSo HkkoksA
milagkj
tks {kek gS lks viuk çk.kfudks j{kk gS] /udks j{kk gS] ;'kdh
j{kk gS] /eZdks j{kk gS A ozr'khyla;e lR; dh j{kk ,d {kekrs gh
gS A dygds ?kksj nq%[krSa viuh j{kk ,d {kek gh djS gSA leLr
miæo rFkk cSjrS {kek gh j{kk djS gSA cgqfj dks/ gS lks&/eZ vFkZ
dke eks{kdk ewyrsa uk'k djS gS] viuk çk.kfudk uk'k djS gSA
Øks/raS çp.M jkSæè;ku çdV gks; gS A Øks/h ,d {k.kek=k esa vki
efj tk; gS] dwokesa ckoM+h esa rkykc unh leqæ esa Mwfc ejs]
'kL=k?kkr] fo"kHk{k.k] >a>kikrkfn vusd dqdeZdfj vkRe?kkr
djS gSA vU; ds ekjus dh Øks/h ds n;k ukgha gks;] lks vius firk
daw iq=kdaw] Hkzkrkdw] fe=kdaw] Lokehdaw] lsoddaw] xq#daw] ,d
{k.kek=k esa ekjS gSA Øks/h ?kksj ujd dk ik=k gS A Øks/h egk Hk;îïj
gS] leLr/eZdk uk'k djus okyk gS A Øks/h ds lR;opu ukgha gks;
gS A vkidwa] vj /eZdwa] leHkkodwa nX/ djus okyk dqopu:i
vfXudw mxys gSa A Øks/h gks; lks /ekZRek] la;eh] 'khyoku eqfu
vj Jkodfudaw pksjh vU;k;ds >wBs nks"k dyad yxk; nwf"kr dj
gSaA Øks/ ds çHkkorSa Kku dqKku gks; gS] vkpkj.k foijhr gks
tk;] J¼ku Hkz"V gks tk;] vU;k;esa ço`fr gks tk; gS] uhfrdk
uk'k gks; gS] vfr gBh gks; foijhr ekxZ dk çorZd gks; gS]
/eZ&v/eZ] midkj&vidkjdk fopkj jfgr d`r?uh gks; gS A ;krSa
ohrjkx/eZ ds vFkhZ gks rks Øks/ Hkkodwa dnkfpr~ çkIr efr gksgw A
cgqfj eknZo tks dBksjrkjfgr dksey ifj.kkeh tho esa
xq#fudk cM+k vuqxzg crsZ gSa A eknZo ifj.kkehdwa lk/q iq#"k gwa lk/q
ekus gSa] rkraS dBksjrkjfgr iq#"k gh Kkudk ik=k gks; gS A ekujfgr
dksey ij.kkehdwa tSlk xq.k xzg.k djk;k pkgs rFkk tSlh dyk
fl[kk;k pkgs] rlks dyk xq.k çkIr gks tk; gSA leLr /eZ dk ewy
leLr fo|k dk ewy fou; gSA fou;oku leLrds fç; gks; gS A
vU; xq.k tkesa ukgha gks; lks iq#"k gw fou;rS ekU; gks; gS A fou;
ije vkHkw"k.k gSA dksey ifj.kkeh esa gh n;k clS gS A eknZorSa
LoxZyksd dh vE;qn; lEink] fuokZ.kdks vfouk'khd lEink
çkIr gks; gS A vj dBksj ifj.kkehdaw f'k{kk ukgh ykxs gS A lk/q
iq#"k gSa frudk ifj.kke gw vfou;h dBksj ifj.kkehdw nwjghrSa
R;kx pkgs gSaA tSls ik"kk.k esa ty ukgha ços'k djS r ls lnxq#fu
dk mins'k dBksj iq#"k dk ân; esa ços'k ukgha djS gS A tkrSa tks
ik"kk.k dk"Bkfnd gw ujekbZ fy, gks; rkdk rks cky cky ek=k gwa
tgka ?kMÔk pkgSa] NhY;k pkgSa] rgka ckyek=k gh mrfj vkos rfn
tSlh lwjr ewjr cuk;k pkgSa ra ls gh cus gS A vj dkseyrk jfgr esa
tgka Vkaph yxkos rgka fpMd mrfj nwj iMs] f'kYihdk vfHkçk;
ekfiQd ?kMkbZ esa ukgha vkoS A rSls dBksj ifj.kkehdaw ;Fkkor~ f'k{kk
ukgh ykxSA vfHkekuhdk leLr yksd fcuk fd;k cSjh gks; gS]
ijyksd esa vfruhp fr;Zap vj euq";fu esa vla[;kr dkyukuk
frjLdkjdk ik=k gks; gSA ;krSa dBksjrk R;kfx eknZoHkkouk gh
fujUrj /kj.k djksA
cgqfj diV leLr vuFkZfudk ewy gS] çhfr vj çrhfrdk
uk'k djusokyk] diVh esa vlR; Ny funZ;rk fo'okl?kkrkfn
leLr nks"k clS gS] diVhesa xq.k ukgha] leLr nks"kgh nks"k okl djS
gSa A ek;kpkjh ;gka vi;'kdwik; fr;aZp ujdkfnd xfrfuesa
vla[;kr dky Hkze.k djS gSA ek;kpkjjfgr vktZo/eZdk /kj.k
esa leLr xq.k cls gSa] leLr yksdfud çhfrdk vj çrhfrdk
dkj.k gks; gS] ijyksdesa nsofudfj iwT; bUæ çrhækfnd gks; gSaA
;krSa ljyifj.kke gh vkRek dk fgr gS A cgqfj lR;oknh esa leLr
xq.k fr"Bs gSa] lnkdky diVkfn nks"kjfgr txresa ekU;rkdw gw
çkIr gks; gSA vj ijyksdesa vusd nso&euq";kfnd tkdks vkKk
eLrd Åij /jS gSaA vj vlR;oknh bgka gh viokn fuUnk djus
;ksX; gks; gS] leLr ds vçrhfrdk dkj.k gS] cka/o fe=kkfnd gw
voKk dfj NkaMS gS] jktkfudfj ftàok Nsn] loZLo&gj.kkfnd
n.M ikoS gS] vj ijyksdesa fr;aZp xfr esa opu&jfgr] ,dsfUæ;]
fody=k;kfn vla[;kr i;kZ; /kjS gSaA ;krSa lR;/eZdk /kj.k gh
Js"B gSA
cgqfj tkdk 'kqfp vkpj.k gks; lks gh txr esa iwT; gSA
'kqfp uke ifo=krk mTToyrk dk gSA tkdks vkgkj&fogkjkfnd
leLr ço`fr fgalkjfgr vj fgalk dk Hk; rs ;Rukpkjlfgr gks;]
vj vU; ds /u esa] vU; dh L=kh esa dnkfpr~ LoIu esa ckaNk ukgha
gks; lks gh mTToy vkpj.k dks /kjd gS A frldaw gh txr~ iwT;
eku gSA fuyksZHkh dk leLr yksd fo'okl djS gS] lks gh yksd esa
mÙke gS] Å/Zoyksd dk ik=k gS A yksHkjfgr dk cM+k mTToy ;'k
çdV gS A yksHkh egkeyhu leLr nks"kfudk ik=k gSa] fua|deZ esa
yksHkh dh çhfr gks; gS A yksHkh ds xzká&vxzká] [kkn&v[kkn]
d`R;&vd`R;dk fopkj gh ukgha gks; gS] bgka gwa yksd esa fuUnk]
/eZ%rSa ijkM~eq[krk funZ;rk çdV nsf[k;s gSA yksHkh /eZ vFkZ
dkedwa u"Vdfj dqej.k dfj nqxZfr tk; gSA yksHkhdk ân; esa xq.k
vodk'k ukgha ikoS gS A bl yksd esa ijyksd esa yksHkhdaw vfpR;
Dys'k nq%[k çkIr gks; gS] ;krSa 'kkSp /eZdk /kj.k gh Js"B gS A
cgqfj la;e gh vkRek dk fgr gS A bl yksd esa la;edk
/kjd leLr yksdfuds cUnus ;ksX; gks; gSA leLr ikifu dfj
ukgha fyiS gS A ;kdh bl yksd esa ijyksd esa vfpR; efgek gS A
vj vla;eh gS lks çk.kfudk ?kkr vj fo"k;fu esa vuqjkxdfj
v'kqHk deZ dk cU/ djS gS A ;krSa la;e /eZ gh tho dk fgr gSA
cgqfj ri gS lks deZdk laoj futZjk djus dk ç/ku dkj.k gS A ri
gh vkRekdwa deZeyjfgr djSA ridk çHkkorSa ;gka gh vusd Íf¼
çdV gks; gSa A ridk vfpR; çHkko gS] ri fcuk dkedaw] fuækdwa
okÛNkdwa dkSu ekjS \ bfUæ;fuds fo"k;fu dks ekjus esa ri gh leFkZ
gSA vk'kk:i fi'kkp.kh righrSa ekjh tk; gS A dkedk fot;
righrSa gks; gS A ridk lk/u djusokyk ijh"kg milxZ vkors gw
jRu=k;/eZrsa ukgha NwVS A ;krSa ri/eZ gh /kj.k djuk mfpr gS A
rifouk lalkjrsa NwVuk ukgha tkrS pØhiukdk jkT; NkafM ri /kjS
rks =kSyksD; esa cUnus;ksX; iwT; gks; gS A vj ridw NksfM+ jkT; xzg.k
djS lks vfrfu| FkqFkqdkj djus ;ksX; gks;] r`.krSa gw y?kq gks; A ;krSa
=kSyksD; esa rileku egku vU; ukghaA
cgqfj ifjxzg leku Hkkj ukgh] tsrs nq%[k] nqè;kZu] Dys'k]
oSj] fo;ksx] 'kksd] Hk; vieku gSa rs leLr ifjxzg ds bPNqdds
gSaA tSls 2 ifjxzgrSa ifj.kke fujkyk gks; rSlsa 2 [ksnjfgr gks; gSA
tSls cM+k Hkkjdfj nqf[kr iq#"k Hkkjjfgr gks; rfn lqf[kr gks;]
rSlsa ifjxzgdh okluk feVS lqf[kr gks; gSA leLr nq%[k vj leLr
ikifudk mitkousdk LFkku ;g ifjxzg gSA tSls unhfudfj leqæ
r`Ir ukgha gks;] bZa/udfj vfXu r`Ir ukgha gks; gS rSls vk'kk:i
[kkMk cM+k vxk/ gS] tkdk ryLi'kZ ukgh] T;ksa T;ksa ;kesa/jks R;ksa
R;ksa [kkMk c/rk tk;] tks vk'kk:i [kkMk fuf/fursa ukgha HkjS lks
vU; lainkrsa dSls HkjS \ vj T;ksa T;ksa ifjxzgdks vk'kk dk R;kx
djks R;ksa R;ksa Hkjrks pY;k tk;] rkrSa leLr nq%[k nwfj djusdwa R;kx
gh leFkZ gSA R;kxghrsa vUrjM õ cfgjM õ ca/ujfgr vuUr lq[kds
/kjd gksgqxsA ifjxzgds ca/uesa ca/s tho ifjxzg R;kxrs gh NqfV
eqfDr gks; A rkrSa R;kx/eZ /kj.k gh Js"B gSA cgqfj gs vkReu~ ! ;ks
nsg vj L=kh iq=k /u /kU; jkT; ,s'o;kZfndfu esa ,d ijek.kqek=k
gw rqEgkjk ukgha gS A iqn~xyæO; gSa] tM+ gSa] fouk'khd gS] vpsru gSa
gSaA bu ijæO;fueSa ^vga* ,slk ladYi rhoz n'kZueksgdeZdk mn;
fouk dkSu djkoS \ bl ijæO; esa vkReladYi esjs dnkfpr~ efr
gksgq] eSa vfdapu gwaA ;k vkfdapU; Hkkouk ds çHkkorsa deZ dk
ysijfgr ;gka gh leLr ca/jfgr gqvk fr"B gSa] lk{kkr~ fuokZ.kdk
dkj.k vkfdapU;/eZ gh /kj.k djks cgqfj dq'khy egkiki gS]
lalkj&ifjHkze.k dk cht gSA czãp;Z ds ikyusokysuS fgalkfnd
ikifudk çpkj nwfj Hkkx gS] leLr xq.kfudh laink ;kesa cls gSa]
ftrsafæ;rk çdV gks; gS A czãp;ZrS dqy&tkR;kfn Hkwf"kr gks; gS]
ijyksd esa vusd Íf¼dk /kjd egf¼Zd nso gks; gSA ,sls
Hkxoku vjgar nsokf/nsods eq[kkjfonrS çdV gvk n'ky{k.k
/eZ vkRek dk LoHkko gS] ij oLrq ukgha Øks/kfnd deZtfur
mikf/ nwfj gksr Lo;eso vkRek dk LoHkko çdV gks; gS A Øks/ ds
vHkkorsa {kek&xq.k çdV gks; gSa A ekuds vHkkor eknZoxq.k çdV
gks; gSA ek;k ds vHkkorSa vktZoxq.k çdV gks; gS A yksHkds
vHkkorSa 'kkSp/eZ çdV gks; gS] vlR; ds vHkkor lR;/eZ çdV
gks; gSA d"kk;fuds vHkkorsa la;exq.k çdV gks; gSA bPNkds
vHkkorS rixq.k çdV gks; gS A ijesa eerk ds vHkkorsa R;kx /eZ
çdV gks; gS A ijæO;fur fHkUu vius vkRekuqHko gksus ls
vkfdapU;/eZ çdV gks; gS A osnfuds vHkkorsa vkReLo:i esa
ço`fÙkrsa czãp;Z&/eZ çdV gks; gSA ;ks n'k çdkj /eZ vkRek dk
LoHkko gSA ;ks /eZ fdlh rSa [kksL;k [kqlSa ukgha] ywV~;k yqVS ukgha]
pksj pksfj dj ldS ukgha] jktkdk ywV~;k yqVS ukgha] Lons'k esa
ijns'k esa lnk ;kdk Lo:i NqV ukgha] fdlh dk fcxkM;k fcxMS
ukgha] /udfj eksy vkoS ukgha] vkdk'k esa ikrky esa fn'kk esa
igkM+ esa] ty esa] rhFkZ esa] efUnj esa dgha /jÔk ukgha] vkRek dk
fut LoHkko gS A ;kdk ykHk lE;XKku J¼kurs gks; gS A vj ,slk
lqxe gS tks ckyd&o`¼&;qok] /uoku&fu/Zu] cyokUk&fuoZy]
lgk;lfgr&vlgk;] jksxh& fujksxh leLr ds /kj.k djus esa
vkous ;ksX; Lok/hu gS A /eZ ds /kj.k esa dqN [ksn] Dys'k]
vieku] Hk;] fo"kkn] dyg] 'kksd nq%[k dnkfpr~ ukgha A nqyZHk
gS ukgh] cks> mBkouk ukgha] nwjns'k tkouk ukgha] {kq/k] r`"kk]
'khr] m".k rkdh osnuk dk vkouk ukgha] fdlhdk folEokn
>xM+k gS ukgh] vR;Ur lqxe] leLr Dys'k nq%[k&jfgr Lok/hu
vkRek dk gh lR; ifj.keu gSA ;krSa leLr lalkj&ifjHkze.krS NwfV
vuUrKku n'kZu lq[k /kjd fl¼ voLFkk ;kdk iQy gSA
,sls n'k y{k.k /eZ dks la{ksidfj o.kZu fd;ksA

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