“ER” verbs

To conjugate regular “er” verbs, drop “er” from

the infinitive to get the stem, and then add the endings
to the the stem: -e, -es, -e, -ons, -ez, -ent
Regarder(reuhgaardey) - to watch, to look at
x (infinitive)
Regarder

Regard (reuhgaard) = stem

 Regarder(L’infinitif) - to watch, to look at
Pronom sujet Conjugated verb Examples
Je regarde (reuhgaard) Deepa
Tu regardes (reuhgaard) un film
IL/Elle/On regarde (reuhgaard) la télévision

Nous regardons un monument

(reuhgaardaw) (mownyumo)
Vous regardez un programme de
(reuhgaardey) danse (dawws)
ILs/Elles regardent un garçon
(reuhgaard)
 Visiter (V zeetey) - to visit -(un lieu (li yeuh)
Pronom sujet Conjugated verb Examples
Je visite Delhi

Tu visites un restaurant

IL/Elle/On visite un club

Nous visitons une discothèque

Vous visitez un monument

ILs/Elles visitent un hôtel

 Arriver(aariway) - to arrive - (à + L’heure (Leuhr)
Pronom sujet Conjugated verb Examples
Je J’ arrive à 2 heures

Tu arrives à midi (noon)

IL/Elle/On arrive

Nous arrivons

Vous arrivez

ILs/Elles arrivent
 Habiter (aabeetey) - to live - (à + ville)
Pronom sujet Conjugated verb Examples
Je J’ habite à Mumbai

Tu habites à Delhi

IL/Elle/On habite

Nous habitons

Vous habitez

ILs/Elles habitent
 La négation
J’habite à Mumbai
Tu arrives à 8 heures
IL/Elle visite Paris (paari)
On regarde la télé
Nous parlons anglais
Vous donnez une clé à
Sophie
ILs/Elles cherchent un stylo
Je n’habite pas à Mumbai
Tu n’arrives pas à 8 heures
IL/Elle ne visite pas Paris
On ne regarde pas la télé
Nous ne parlons pas anglais
Vous ne donnez pas une clé
à Sophie
ILs/Elles ne cherchent pas
un stylo
 “ER” verbs
danser (dawwsay) to dance manquer (mawwkey) to miss
demander to ask monter (mawwntey) to climb
(dawwsay)

coûter (kutey) to cost marcher (maarshay) to walk,

to function
détester (deytestey) to hate penser (pawwsay) to think
donner (doney) to give adorer (aadoray) to adore
étudier (AyudiA) to study montrer (mawntrey) to show
féliciter (faylisitey) to congratulate présenter (prayzawntey) to introduce
fêter (faytey) to celebrate aider (A dey) to help
gagner (gaaniyay) to win, to earn cuisiner (kvi zee ney) to cook
chercher (shayrshay) to search parler (parlay) to speak
 Expression “IL y a”

IL y a (ill yaa) = There is/There are

“Il y a” is one of the most important expressions in the

French language.
It means ‘there is’ or ‘there are’ - it is exactly the same
in front of singular and plural nouns
* IL y a is most commonly used as follows:-

1. IL y a + indefinite article + noun

Eg:- IL y a un chat (shaa) dans la voiture (votyur)
(There is a cat in the car)

Eg:- IL y a des étudiants dans le jardin (jhaarda)

(There are some students in the garden)

2. Il y a + number + noun
Eg:- Dans ma maison, il y a cinq pièces (pi Ace).
(In my house, there are five rooms)
* La Negation:-
To use “il y a” in a negative construction, place ne in front of y
(ne becomes n' in front of y) and pas after a.
The indefinite article will change to de due to the
negative construction.

* Rule = IL n’ + y + a + pas + de (ill nya paa deuh)

Eg:- IL n’y a pas de chat dans la voiture

(There is not a cat in the car)
Eg:- IL n’y a pas d’étudiants dans le jardin
(There are’nt any students in the garden)
* L’Interrogation:-
To make a question, you can either use ‘est-ce que’ or
‘inversion’.

1. Est-ce que :-
When using est-ce que, the que will become qu' in front of il.
Eg:- Est-ce qu'il y a un chat ?
(Is there a cat?)

Eg:- Est-ce qu'il y a des enfants (awwfo) ?

(Are there any kids?)
2. L’Inversion:-
For inversion, place the pronoun ‘y’ in front, then invert il and a.
Because you will end up with two vowels side by side, you must
add a t between them

Eg:- Y a-t-il un chat ?

(Is there a cat?)

Eg:- Y a-t-il des enfants ?

(Are there any kids?)
Important:- Il y a can also be used with interrogatives
(question words):

Eg:- Combien d'étudiants y a-t-il ?

(How many students are there?)

Eg:- Qu'est-ce qu'il y a ?

(What's wrong?)

Note:- IL y a is also used with definite articles + noun

Eg:- À Paris, il y a la Tour Eiffel (tur A fell).

(In Paris, there is the Eiffel Tower)
 Les Adjectifs interrogatifs
(Layz aadjhaykteef aanteyrogaatif)

(Interrogative Adjectives)
French Interrogative Adjectives (les adjectifs interrogatifs)
are words that are used to ask questions.
Interrogative adjectives allow you to ask questions
distinguishing between multiple possible answers,
Eg. 'Which supermarket do you prefer?' or
'Which brands do you like?'
When asking someone to make a choice between two or
more things, you need the interrogative adjective Quel,
meaning "which" or "what."
Interrogative Adjectives (les adjectifs interrogatifs) are words
that are used to ask for more detail than simply “yes” or “no”.
(They interrogate!)

The interrogative adjectives (question words) in French are:

QUEL? : which? / what? (masculine singular)

QUELS? : which? / what? (masculine plural)

QUELLE? : which? / what? (feminine singular)

QUELLES? : which? / what? (feminine plural)

French interrogative adjectives often – but not always –
appear at the beginning of the sentence.

While pronouncing “Quel/Quelle/Quels/Quelles”,

all these are pronounced as 'kell.'

Eg:- Quel sport (spowr) aimes-tu?

(Which sport do you like?)

Eg:- Quels sacs aimes-tu?

(What bags do you like?)
 Eg:- Quelle heure est-il?
(What time is it?)

Eg:- Quelles villes visitent-ils?

(Which cities do they visit?)

Note:- The adjective interrogative ‘Quel’ in all its forms is

used to frame an exclamatory sentence.

Eg:- Quelle grande surprise! (syurpreez)

(What a great surprise!)
 Eg:- Quel bruit! (bru e)
(What a noise!)

Important:- Adjective interrogative might come after

the subject and verb

Eg:- Tu aimes quels films?

(You like which films?)

Eg:- Vous parlez quelle langue (long)?

(You speak which language?)
 Les Adverbes interrogatifs
(interogatives adverbs)
1. Qui (ki) - Who?
Eg: - a) Qui est-ce?
b) Qui est le professeur de français?

2. Comment - How?
Eg: - a) Comment allez vous?
Note: - In certain cases, comment is used as “what”
Eg: - a) Comment vous appelez vous?
3. Où (ou) - Where? 4. Quand (Koww)- When?
Eg: - a) Où habites-tu? Eg: - a) Quand arrive le train?
(traa)
5. Combien (kombiya) - how much
Eg: - a) Combien ça coûte?
(How much does it cost?)
b) Le portable, c’est combien?

Combien de (kombiya deuh) – how many?

Eg: - a) Combien de livres avez-vous?
6. Pourquoi (purkwa) - Why?

Eg: - a) Pourquoi aimes-tu la télé?

Ans: Parce que (paars keuh)....(la raison (laa rayzo)

7. Que (keuh) - What?

Eg: - a) Qu’est ce que c’est?
b) Que regarde-tu à la télé?
L’interrogation - Interrogation(Questions)
The interrogative sentence (la phrase interrogative (laa fraaz
aainteyrogaateev) is used to ask a question. It ends with a
question mark (?)
The forming of questions in French is similar to the way we
form questions in English. Although French has several ways of
asking questions
In French, there are three types of questions:-
 intonation questions
 questions with est-ce que
 questions with inverted word order
1. Intonation Questions:-
The simplest kind of question is an intonation question.
The order of the words doesn’t change — we keep “the subject” –
“verb” – “object” order the same as it is in a sentence.

The only difference is the rising intonation(tone),

which shows that it’s a question.
Eg:- Tu aimes le chocolat = Tu aimes le chocolat?
(Do you like chocolate?)
2. Questions with “est-ce que” (s keuh):-
The Rule here is simple.
Add “est-ce que” at the beginning of a sentence to make it
interrogative.

After “est-ce que”, the sentence keeps its regular form

(subject – verb – object).
Eg:- Vous écoutez la musique =
Est-ce que vous écoutez la musique?
(Do you listen to music?)
3. Questions with Inversion:-

An easy, and possibly more formal, way to ask a question

in French is through inverting the subject and the verb.

Interchange the position of the subject and the verb and

introduce a hyphen in between

Eg:- Vous écoutez la musique =

Écoutez-vous la musique?
(Do you listen to music?)
 rd
Important:- Note the changes in the 3 person singular form
“il” and “elle”
Eg:- IL parle = Parle-t-il?
st
Note:- To form the interrogative of 1 person singular form
“je”, use the phrase “est-ce que” and rest could be done
using the same rule of inversion.
Eg:- the verbe “arriver” - to arrive
Est-ce que j’arrive?
 Interrogation of verb ‘Arriver’

Je Est-ce que j’arrive?

Tu Arrives-tu?

Il/elle/on Arrive-t-il/elle/on?

Nous Arrivons-nous?

Vous Arrivez-vous?

Ils/elles Arrivent-ils/elles?
4. When the subject is a noun:-
French uses a different structure if the subject is a noun.
In French, we repeat the subject - firstly as a noun,
then as a pronoun, on the structure:
* With Inversion:-

Eg:- Les étudiants arrivent à l’heure

Les étudiants, arrive-t-il à l’heure?
 Le verbe S’appeler - to call oneself

The verb s'appeler is the reflexive form of verb appeler.

In grammar, a reflexive verb is a verb whose direct object is
the same as its subject, for example, "I wake up myself".

S’appeler (saapeuhlay)- to be called

Eg:- Comment tu t’appelles ? What’s your name? -
(What are you called?)
Eg:- Elle s’appelle Gabrielle. Her name is Gabrielle -
(She’s called Gabrielle).
 S’appeler - to call oneself
Pronom sujet Conjugated verb
Je m’appelle (meuhpell)

Tu t'appelles (tapell)

IL/Elle/On s'appelle (sapell)

Nous nous appelons (nuz aapeuhlo)

Vous vous appelez (vuz aapeuhlay)

ILs/Elles s'appellant (zapell)

 La famille (faamee) - family
Les grandsparents = grandparents
(graww paaro)
le grand-père – grandfather la grand-mère – grandmother
(graww payr) (graww mayr)
le petit-fils – grandson la petite-fille – grand daughter
(pti fees) (ptit fee)
les petits-enfants – grandchildren
(pti zawfo)
les parents – parents
le père – father la mère – mother
le bébé (baybay) = baby, les enfants = children
le frère (frayr) = brother la sœur (sir) = sister
le fils (fees) = son la fille (fee) = daughter
le mari (maari) = husband la femme (faam) = woman / wife
un époux (A pu) = spouse une épouse (A puz) = spouse
l’oncle (lowkL) = uncle la tante (tawnt) = aunt
le(s) neveu(x) (neuh veuh) = la(les) nièce(s) (ni Ace) = niece
nephew la cousine (ku zeen) = cousin
le cousin(kuza) = cousin (female)
(male) Les beaux-parents = in laws
le beau-père = father-in-law la belle-mère = mother-in-law
le beau-frère = Brother-in-law la belle-soeur = Sister-in-law
un gendre (jhawndr) = Son-in-law la belle-fille = daughter-in-law
 Les Adjectifs possessifs
(aadjhaykteef pozayseef)
(Possessive Adjectives)
Possessive adjectives indicate ownership or possession.
The English possessive adjectives are my, your, his, her, its,
our, and their.

The possessive adjective ‘my’ in english has three

corresponding forms in french....mon,ma,mes.
Lets observe the corresponding forms of other adjectives
Subj. pro Meaning Masculine Feminine Plural

Je My Mon (mow) ami Ma (maa) Chaise Mes (may) amis

(My friend) (My chair) (My Friends)
Tu Your Ton (tow) portable Ta (taa) robe Tes (tey) robes
(Your (Your dress) (Your dresses)
Mobilephone)
IL/Elle/ His/Her/Its Son (sow) livre Sa (saa) robe Ses (say) livres
On (His book) (Her dress) (his/her/its..)
Nous Our Notre (notr) hôtel Notre maison Nos (no) hôtels
(Our hotel) (Our house) (Our hotels)
Vous Your Votre (votr) crayon Votre Clé Vos (vo) Clés
(Your pencil) (Your key) (Your keys)
ILs/Elles Their Leur (Leuhr) cahier Leur télévision Leurs (Leuhr)
(Their notebook) (Their T.V) cahiers
(Their books)
 Eg:- Je cherche mon sac et mes clés. -
I'm looking for my bag and my keys.

Eg:- Où est mon frère ?

Where is my brother?

Important:- We need to use possessive adjectives mon,ton,son

instead of ma,ta,sa respectively before a feminine singular noun
beginning with a vowel including ‘h’
Eg:- Mon école(f) (Akol)= My school
Ton étudiante(f) = Your student
Son amie(f) = His/her friend
 Les Articles Contractés
Contractions occur when two words are combined into one,
sometimes with a distinctly different spelling.
Lets observe this example:-
Eg:- I am going to the school
Eg:- The father of the little boy is a doctor
In the above sentences the group of words “to the” and “of the”
are made of prepositions “to(à)” and “of(de)” + the definite article
“the(le/la)”
We can do the same in French too, by combining the
prepositions “à” and “de” with definite article “Le/La”
And we get “Articles contractés”

À + le= Au (o)
À + la= À la
To the,at the,in the
À + L’= À L’
À + Les= Aux (o)
* Note the contraction in Red colour
 De + le = Du (dyu)
De + la = De la of the,from the
De + L’ = De L’
De + Les = Des
Note :- The actual contraction takes place only with the
masculine and plural form of definite articles ‘Le’ and ‘Les’
Important:- With proper nouns we must not use
contracted articles but only the prepsoitions
Eg:-Je parle à Saroj
Eg:- C’est le stylo de Paul
Eg:- Je parle au(à le) garçon - I talk (to the) boy
Eg:- Je parle à la fille - i talk to the girl
Eg:- Je parle aux garçons - I talk (to the) boys
Eg:- Je parle à l’homme - I talk to the man

Eg:- C’est le stylo du garçon

Eg:- C’est le portable de la fille
Eg:- Ce sont les livres des étudiants/étudiantes
Eg:- C’est le livre de l’étudiant
 L’Article partitif (Partitive Article)
The partitive article refers to an unspecified quantity of food,
liquid, or some other uncountable noun.

English has no equivalent article – the partitive is usually

translated by the adjectives "some" or "any,"
or may be left out entirely.
There are four types of partitive article in French, du, de la, de l’,
and des, used to specify unknown quantities.
Les articles partitifs:-
1. du (masculine)
2. de la (feminine)
3. de l' (masculine or feminine in front of vowel or mute h)
4. des (plural- masculine as well as feminine)

Eg:- IL y a de la pluie (plyu e) et du soleil (so leuhy)

(There is some rain, and some sun)

Eg:- Je mange de la confiture (kow fi tyur)

(I eat (some) jam)
In the above example, rain,sun and jam are uncountable –
you can’t ask "how many" rain or jam,
you can ask only "how much."
That’s how you know to use the partitive rather than
the indefinite article.
For countable nouns like drinks and peaches,
we will use indefinite articles instead.

Characteristics of partitive articles:-

 Used with uncountable nouns like chocolate, water,
money, etc
 Placed directly in front of a noun
 Agree with the noun in number and sometimes gender
 La Négation:-
While forming a negative sentence, we use “de”
Eg:- Je ne mange pas de confiture

Specific quantity:- un,une,deux,trois...

Non-Specific quantity:- du,de la,de l’,des

Important:- J’adore/J’aime le pain, la confiture - with specifying

verbes of preferences and choices like aimer, adorer etc...
we need to use definite articles le,la, les, l’
 Le verbe “Aller” - to go

Aller, meaning "to go" is a “er” verb which is irregular.

Aller (aalay) - à + un lieu

Aller - 1. Visiter un lieu

Aller - 2. Conversation de politesse

(kowherezasiyo deuh polytess)
 Aller - to go
Pronom sujet Conjugated verb Examples
Je vais (way) au cinéma
Tu vas (wa) au club
IL/Elle/On va (wa) à la clinique
Nous (nuz aalo) allons à l’hôpital
Vous (vuz aalay) allez à Mumbai
ILs/Elles vont (wo) aux États-Unis
Eg:- Nous allons avec Maria
(We go with Maria)

Eg:- Ils vont dans le bureau (byurow)

(They go to the office)

*For statements and questions:-

Eg:- Comment vas-tu? Eg:- Je vais bien
(How are you) (I am fine)
 Écrire - to write
Écrire (Akreer) meaning “to write” is an irregular “-re” verb.

Other verbs following this conjugation include:

1. Réécrire (raykreer) (to write again)

2. Décrire (deykreer)(to describe)
3. Souscrire (suskreer) (to subscribe)
4. Transcrire (trawskreer)(to transcribe)
5. Prescrire (prayskreer)(to prescribe)
 Écrire - to write
Pronom sujet Conjugated verb Examples
J’ écris (Jhaykri) une lettre (laytr)
Tu écris (Akri) un courriel (kuri yell)
IL/Elle/On écrit (Akri) un livre
Nous écrivons (Akrivo) un article (aartikL)
Vous écrivez (Akriway) l’exercice(m) (eggzer c seuh)
ILs/Elles écrivent (Akriv) un poème (po m)
 Le Pluriel des noms (Plural of nouns)
In English we usually make nouns plural by adding
an -s to the end
(Eg:- garden → gardens; house → houses), although
we do have some nouns which are irregular and do not follow
this pattern (mouse → mice; child → children).

In french, the plural form of a noun is usually formed by

changing the article to les/des and adding an -s to the end of
the word, however there are many exceptions!
Most French nouns also form their plural by adding
an -s to their singular form.
This -s is silent: it is almost never pronounced aloud

Important:- We have to use les/des with plural nouns in French

1 Plurals ending in -s:-
Eg:- Un jardin = a garden Eg:- Une voiture = a car
Des jardins = gardens Des Voitures = cars

Eg:- Un hôtel = a hotel

Des hôtels = hotels

If the singular noun ends in -s, -x or -z, no further -s is

added in the plural
Eg:- Un fils = a son
Eg:- Un nez = a nose Eg:- Un prix = a prize
Des prix = prizes Des fils (fees) =
Des nez = noses
(pree)
sons
(nay)
2 Plurals ending in -x:-
The following nouns add an -x instead of an -s in the plural:

Nouns ending in -eau:-

Eg:- Un bureau = a office
Des bureaux = offices

Most nouns ending in -eu:-

Eg:- Un jeu (jh) = a game
Des jeux = games
A FEW nouns ending in -ou (MOST nouns ending
in -ou add -s as usual)
Eg:- Un bijou (bi jhu) = a jewel Eg:- Un genou (jh nu) = a knee
Des bijoux = jewels Des genoux = knees

Important:- Adding an -s or -x to the end of a noun does not

usually change the way the word is pronounced.
For example, professeur and professeurs and
Bijou and bijoux sound just the same when
you say them out loud.
If the singular noun ends in -al or -ail,
the plural usually ends in -aux.
Eg:- Le journal (jhur naal) = a Eg:- Le travail (tr vaay) = a job
newspaper Les travaux (tra vo) = jobs
Les journaux (jhur no) =
newspaper
Important:- The plural of un œil (euhy)(an eye) is des yeux
(deyz e yeuh) (eyes).

Exceptions:-
Eg:- madame = mesdames
monsieur = messieurs
mademoiselle = mesdemoiselles
3 Plural versus singular:-
A few words relating to clothing are plural in English
but NOT in French.
Eg:- Un short (showrt) = shorts
Un pantalon (pawntalo) = trousers

A few common words are plural in French but NOT in

English.
Eg:- Les affaires (aafair) = business
Les cheveux = hair
 Faire (fair) - to do, to make
Faire is one of the most common and useful French verbs
and has irregular conjugations

Faire can mean either "to do" or "to make."

We use “Faire” to talk about:-

1. Les Sports - (Quel sports fais-tu?)

2. Les activités (aakti v tey)
3. Le climat (klimaa)
 Faire(L’infinitif)- to do, to make
Pronom sujet Conjugated verb Examples
Je fais (fay) du tennis

Tu fais (fay) du football

IL/Elle/On fait (fay) de la gymnastique

Nous faisons (feuhzo) de l’aérobique (aairobeek)

Vous faites (fayt) du cricket

ILs/Elles font (fo) du basket-ball

 La Négation
Rule:- Add Ne+verbe+pas
Je fais de la natation
Je ne fais pas de natation
(natasiyo) - swimming

Tu fais du badminton Tu ne fais pas de badminton

IL fait de l’equitation IL ne fait pas d’equitation

(Akitasiyo) – horse riding

ILs font de la voile ILs ne font pas de voile

(vuaal) - boating
 2. Les activités différentes(difayrawnt) (artistiques,....)
(Qu’est-ce que vous faites? = Quelle est votre profession?)
Je fais de la guitare IL fait de la photographie

Tu fais du piano Elle fait du théàtre (theyaatr)

Nous faisons de la cuisine Ils font du cinéma

La Négation
Nous ne faisons pas de cuisine Ils ne font pas de cinéma
 3. Le Climat:- Quel temps fait-il?
(What is the weather like?)
IL fait froid (fruaa)(it is cold) IL ne fait pas froid

IL fait chaud (show) (hot) IL ne fait pas chaud

IL fait beau(beautiful) IL ne fait pas beau

IL pleut (pleuh) (Its raining) IL ne pleut pas

Que fais-tu pour le déjeuner ?(What are you making for lunch?)
(deyjh nay)
 Prendre - to take
The French verb prendre, which commonly means "to take,"
is a frequently used irregular French “-re” verb

Prendre (Prawndr) can be used for:-

1. Les Transports (traanspowr)

2. Les objets (objhay)

 Prendre - to Take
Pronom sujet Conjugated verb Examples
J’ prends (praw) le train(traa)
Tu prends(praw) l’autobus(m) (otobyus)
IL/Elle/On prend(praw) le métro
Nous prenons(preuhno) la voiture

Vous prenez(preuhnay) l’avion(m) (aav yaw)

ILs/Elles prennent(prayn) le taxi
Eg:- Nous prenons le vélo (waylo) (bike/bicycle)

Eg:- Vous prenez le bateau(boat,ship)

Eg:- Elle prend la motocyclette(motorcycle, motorbike)

(moto si klayt)

Eg:- Tu prends la bicyclette (bi si klayt) (bicycle)

2. Les objets:-

Eg:- Je prends un sac

Prendre can also be used in the following cases:-

Eg:- Je prends le déjeuner Eg:- Je prends L’escalier

(Layskali yay)
Eg:- Je prends le diner (di nay)
Eg:- Je prends L’ascenseur
Eg:- Je prends un café (aasawseuhr)
Note:- All French verbs that end in -prendre are conjugated
the same way as apprendre and prendre:

1. Apprendre (aaprawndr) (to learn)

2. comprendre (kowmprawndr) (to understand)
3. entreprendre (awwntrprawndr) (to undertake)
4. Méprendre (mayprawndr) (to mistake)
5. prendre (to take)
6. reprendre (reuhprawndr) (to retake)
7. surprendre (syurprawndr) (to surprise)
 Les Fruits (fru e)

(Beuhnaan) (pom) (oronjh) (mowwg)

(papa e) (rayzaa) (seuhreez)

(euhnanaas) (litchi) (paasteyk) (frayz)

(paysh) (pryun) (daat)

 Les Légumes (laygyum)

(pom deuh tayr) (kokombr) (o bear jhen) (pi mo)

(tomaat)
(shoe) (pti puaa)

(karowt) (shoe fleuhr) (o nyi yo) (aariko where)

(saalaad
(puaavro) wheret) (shawmpi nyi yo)
 Si
“Si” is a little French word that mainly corresponds to three
little English words: "if," "so," and "yes."
Although these are three very different words, it’s
usually easy to tell which one of these “si” is referring to
in context of the sentence.

Si (si)= If
Eg:- Je ne sais(say) pas si je veux (veuh) aller au restaurant
(I don't know if I want to go to the restaurant)
Si = So

Je suis si fatigué(e) (faatigay).

(I'm so tired.)
Si = Yes

“Si” is one of the many ways to say ‘yes’, along with

the ever reliable “oui”.
“Si”, however, is used in a very specific situation,
when you are contradicting someone who has
made a negative statement.
“Si” can also be used to reply to a negative question or
a statement with a "yes!"

Eg:- Tu ne vas pas venir?

Si, je vais venir (veuhneer).
(You're not going to come?
Yes, I am going to come.)

Eg:- Aarna n'est pas prête (prayt)

Si, si!
(Aarna isn't ready.
Yes, yes!)
1. Vous êtes mariée?
- Oui, je suis mariée

2. Vous êtes mariée?

- Non, je ne suis pas mariée

3. Vous n’êtes pas mariée?

- Si, je suis mariée
 Les Verbes pronominaux(pronomino)
(Pronominal Verbs)
“Reflexive” means “reflecting”. It shows that the action is
carried out on the person who is doing the action.
“Reflexive verb” is an alternative name for “pronominal verbs”

The grammatical term "pronominal" means "relating to/

having a pronoun."
We already know that conjugated verbs always need a
subject pronoun, but pronominal verbs need a
reflexive pronoun as well.
English doesn’t have pronominal verbs as such. We can
translate “Je m’habille” as "I’m dressing myself," but we’re far
more likely to say "I’m getting dressed" – the fact that myself
is understood. This is not the case in French.
If you’re dressing yourself, you need the reflexive pronoun,
because without it, you’re automatically saying that you’re
dressing someone else.
Pronominal verbs have a special pronoun before the verb:
“me, te, se, nous, vous, se” (in addition to the French
subject pronoun “je, tu, il, elle, on, nous, vous, ils, elles”)
that agrees with the subject
 Conjugating pronominal verbs:-

The infinitive of pronominal verbs is preceded by the

impersonal reflexive pronoun “se”, which must change to
agree with the subject of the verb.
The verb itself is conjugated as usual according to
whether it’s regular, irregular, or stem-changing.
 Se relaxer (reuhlaax) - to relax
Pronom sujet Conjugated verb
Je me relaxe
Tu te relaxes
IL/Elle/On se relaxe
Nous nous relaxons
Vous vous relaxez
ILs/Elles se relaxent
 Se lever (leuhway) - to get up
Pronom sujet Conjugated verb
Je me Lève (Layv)
Tu te Lèves (Layv)
IL/Elle/On se Lève (Layv)
Nous nous Levons (Leuhvo)
Vous vous Levez (Leuhway)
ILs/Elles se Lèvent (Layv)
Eg:- Je me lève à 8 heures.
(I get up at 8)

Eg:- Nous nous levons avant les enfants.

(We get up before the children)

Eg:- À quelle heure vous vous levez?

(What time do you get up?)
In negative sentences, “ne” comes before the reflexive
pronoun while the second part of the negation (pas)
comes after the conjugated verb.

Eg:- Ils ne se lèvent pas à 8 heures.

 Reflexive verbs always form the passé composé with the
auxiliary verb être + past participle.
The participe passé of reflexive verbs generally
agrees with the subject.
Example:- Nous nous sommes levés très tôt.
However, the participe passé does not agree with the
subject if the verb is followed by a direct object.
Example:-
Elle s’est lave(laavay) les mains. (Elle s’est lavé quoi? – les
mains)
→ but: Elle s’est lavée.
If the verb begins with a vowel, we leliminate “e” from
me/te/se and join the reflexive pronoun and the verb
with an apostrophe.

Eg:- Tu t’es promené en ville.

(You went walking in city)
Futur proche:-
Aller(au présent) + (me/te/se/nous/vous/se) +
infinitive
Eg:- Je vais me lever tôt
(I'm going to get up early)
Eg:- Elle va s'amuser (saamyuzay)
(She's going to have fun)

Negative :- je ne vais pas me lever tôt

Passé Récent:-

Je viens de me lever
Neg:- Je ne viens pas de me lever
 Interrogation:-
With est-ce que:- Est-ce que tu te laves les mains ?
With inversion:- Te laves-tu les mains ?
(Are you washing your hands?)
Lets conjugate the following:-
1. Se brosser (bro say) (to brush - Les cheveux/Les dents)
2. S’habiller (saabe yay) (to wear/to get dressed)
3. Se Reposer (reuhpo zay) - to rest
4. Se réveiller (rayveuh yay) = to wake up
5. Se doucher (dushay) = to take a shower
6. Se promener (promeuhnay) = to take a walk -> like se lever