Hitachi Genuine Engine Oil

Super wide DH-1 15W-40

 Explanation of Abbreviation
JASO : Japan Automobile Standard Organization
PAJ : Petroleum Association of Japan
JAMA : Japan Automobile Manufacturing Association
SAE : Society of Automotive Engineer
API : American Petroleum Institute
ASTM : American Society for Testing & Materials
EGR : Exhaust Gas Re-circulation
ISOT : Indiana Staring Oxidization Test
ACEA : Association des Constracteurs Europeens Automobiles
 API Classification : Quality of engine oil
Out line of American Petroleum Institute Standard

API Class Year Description

CD 1985 For non-turbo and turbo engine

CD -2 1987 For 2 stroke engine

CE 1987 For high speed 4 stroke non turbo & turbo engine

CF 1994 For off road engine

CF -2 1994 For high load factor 2 stroke engine

CF -4 1991 For 1991 emission regulation engine

CG -4 1995 For 1994 emission regulation engine

CH -4 1998 For 1998 emission regulation engine

CI -4 2002 For 2004 emission regulation engine

Society of Automotive Engineer : Standard of viscosity of engine oil(1)

Single grade engine oil

Society of Automotive Engineer : Standard of viscosity of engine oil(2)

Multi-type engine oil

History of Emission control
 Off-highway Powertrain Operation Dept. Planning & Service Group

Tier3 Emission Regulation

ＥＰＡ /EC Stage 3A
75 ～ 130kW （ 2007)
JPN Tier-3
75 ～ 130kW(2007) ＥＰＡ Tier-2
75 ～ 130kW(2003)
０．３

ＰＭ
（ g/kwhr)
０．２

JPN On-Road
New Short Term
(Over 2.5t, 2003)
０．１
JPN On-Road
New Long Term
(Over 2.5t, 2003) JPN On-Road
Long Term
(over 2.5t, 1999)
２．０ ４．０ ６．０ ８．０
ＮＯｘ ＋ ＨＣ (g/kwhr)

NOx + HC: 40% reduction, PM: Same with Tier-2 from Y2006
JPN Government Proposal: PM 30% lower than EPA, EC T-3
 Off-highway Powertrain Operation Dept. Planning & Service Group

Regulation and Effect

Internal EGR + Fuel
Crank Angle Retard consumption
0.350 240 Exhaust gas

0.300 230 PM; g/kWh

Fuel consumption
rate; g/kWh

Rated fuel consumption; g/kWh

0.250 220
Regulated value of PM: 0.20 Cooled EGR rate: 10 - 15%
PM; g/kWh

0.200 210

0.150 200
Internal EGR +
CA retard
0.100 190

Cooled EGR rate: 10-15%

0.050 180

Regulated value of NOx+HC: 4.0

0.000 170
2.00 2.50 3.00 3.50 4.00 4.50 5.00 5.50 6.00
NOx+HC; g/kWh
Sulfur contents in diesel fuel for off road in Europe
Average sulfur contents in
硫黄分 各国平均値
PPM diesel fuel in Europe
2000 France
1800 Belgium
1600
Norway
1400 Belgium
1200 Germany
Finland
1000
France
800 Italy
Unknown1
600
Unknown2
400
200
0

Sulfur content in diesel fuel for off road in Europe vary

in each country and rather higher than one for on road
 Adoption of cooled EGR system

EGR ＝ Exhaust Gas Re-circulation

This system is to re enter a part of exhaust gas

in to inlet manifold via cooled EGR to reduce
combustion temperature . A a result, it can be
reduced Nox.

The cooled EGR is located between exhaust and inlet

manifold and cooled down exhaust gas by coolant
and then re enter in to inlet manifold and mix with
normal air from air filter. This cooled EGR is effective
to lower combustion temperature compared with normal
EGR system. As a result, reduce Nox

Furthermore air density in inlet manifold is increased

by cooling down, and volume of air in inlet side is increased
As a result, it is possible to combustion nearly completely.
This causes to reduce PM and black smoke and then lead
to improve fuel consumption
Adoption of high pressure injection system
Common rail system Common rail
It is always ready to Unit injector Solenoid valve
inject very high
pressurized diesel in
common rail. By
controlling solenoid
valve on injector,
nozzle will be
opened. This system
can be possible to
adjust pressure,
injection timing and
number of injection
Supply pump
Injector
Comparison of combustion 1 – 2 stages injection by common rail/injection

Hi Pres Injection Current injection

Reduce of initial combustion temperature by 1 – 2 sta

ge injection(→Reduce NOx) ・ More activation of main
Complete and clean combustion→Reduce PM injection(→Reduce PM)
Requirement of engine oil on cooled EGR engine

EGR ＝ Exhaust Gas Re-

circulation

The cooled EGR is located between exhaust an

d inlet manifold and cooled down exhaust gas b
y coolant and then re enter in to inlet manifold
and mix with normal air from air filter. This cool
ed EGR is effective to lower combustion tempe
rature compared with normal
EGR system. As a result, reduce Nox , PM and
black smoke, and improve fuel consumption .

Sulfuric acid will be produced in the blow-by gas when higher sulfur content in
diesel fuel is used.This causes rust & wear on the engine parts.It is more severe
on cooled EGR system
Required performance of engine oil

Acid neutralization/Soot dispersion/Acid stability

History 「 JASO ＤＨ－１」 Standard
(1)
AAJapanese
Japaneseengine
enginehas
hasbeen
beentested
testedusing
using Amount of additives on API CH-4 & CG-4 is
new oil of API CH-4, CG-4.
new oil of API CH-4, CG-4. reduced to meet American engine
As
Asthe
thetest
testresult
result (high temperature combustion type)
⇒wear
⇒wearofofengine
engineparts
partshas
has
As a result of engine test with API CH-4 &
been
beenoccurred
occurred CG-4, wear of engine parts has happened

Japan car maker has requested

API to employee anti-wear
performance on next standard

API has not taken the

request after studying for
2 years and half. (1998)
 History 「 JASO ＤＨ－１」 Standard
(2)
In 1998, JAMA(
In 1998, JAMA(Japan) ,PAJ( Petroleum Association of Japan) &
Japan Automobile Manufacturing Association ) ,PAJ(Petroleum Association of Japan) &
Automobile Manufacturing Association

additive
additivemakers
makershas
hasstarted
startedto todevelop
developstandard standardof ofdiesel
dieselengineengineoil oil
to
tomeet
meetJapanese
Japaneseengine.
engine.ItItwas wascalledcalled“DX-1” “DX-1”then
thennamednamed“DH-1” “DH-1”

In
In1999
1999～ ～2000,
2000,Studied
Studiedstandard
standardand
andtesting
testingmethod,
method,and
and
notified
notifiedto
toall
allover
overthe
theworld
worldat
at ＳＡＥ Ａｓｉａnnmeeting
ＳＡＥ Ａｓｉａ meeting

In
InApril
April2001,started
2001,started““ＤＨ
ＤＨ-1”standard
-1”standard

Features of ＪＡＳＯ DH-1 standard

① Superior anti-wear(Less wear of sliding surface)
② Superior soot dispersion(Corresponding increasing soot by EGR)
③ Superior oxidation stability
「 JASO ＤＨ－１」 Test Standard
Mitsubishi
MitsubishiMotor4D34T
Motor4D34Tengine
enginetest(JASO
test(JASOM354)
M354)
Anti ・・ Evaluate
Evaluateanti
antiwear
wearperformance
performanceononsliding
slidingsurface
Antiwear
wear (For
surface
(Forexample
examplerocker
rockerarm
arm&&valve
valvesystem)
system)

Washing
Washingperformance Nissan
performance NissanDiesel
DieselTD25
TD25engine
enginetest(JASO
test(JASOM M336)
336)
ofofpiston/piston
piston/pistonring ・・ Evaluate
ring Evaluatewashing
washingperformance
performanceofofpiston/piston
piston/pistonring
ring

Soot ASTM
ASTMengine
enginetest
test(Mack
(Mackt-8A)
Sootdispersion
dispersion t-8A)
・・Evaluate
Evaluatesoot
sootdispersion
dispersionon
onengine
enginewith
withEGR
EGR

ASTM
ASTMengine
enginetest(SequenceⅢ
test(SequenceⅢＥ，ⅢＦ）Ｅ，ⅢＦ）
Oxidation
Oxidationstability ・・ Evaluate
stability Evaluateoxidation
oxidationstability
stabilityon
onhigh
hightemp
tempcombustion
combustion
ASTM : American Society for Testing & materials

Other
Othertest
testitems
items
Anti
Antirust,
rust,evaporation,
evaporation,matching
matchingforforrubber/seal
rubber/sealetc
etc
Comparison of ＪＡＳＯ & ＡＰＩ standard(1)
ＪＡＳＯ ＡＰＩ
Performance Test method ＤＨ- 1 ＣＤ ＣＧ- 4 ＣＨ- 4
20 01 19 72 19 94 19 98
Rust of bearing L-38 gasoline engine － ○ ○ ー
Sludge on piston Cａｔｅｒｐｉｌｌａｒ1Ｇ2 － ○ ー ー
(Detergency) Cａｔｅｒｐｉｌｌａｒ1Ｎ － ー ○ ー
Cａｔｅｒｐｉｌｌａｒ1Ｋ － ー ○ ○
Nissan diesel TD25 ○ ー ー ー
Viscocity increase Ｍａｃｋ Ｔ-8Ａ ○ ー ー ー
due to soot Ｍａｃｋ Ｔ-8 ー ー ○ ー
Ｍａｃｋ Ｔ-8Ｅ ー ー ー ○
Wear of valve system ＧＭ 6.5Ｌ ー ー ○ ○
Soot handling/wear Mitsubishi 4D34T4 ○ ー ー ー
Cummins M11 ー ー ー ○
Oxdaidation at high temp ＧＭ 3.8Ｌ SequenceⅢE，ⅢF ○ ー ○ ○
Deposit at high temp Hot-tube test ○ ー ー ー
Rust test Cummins rust test ○ ー ○ ○
Oxidation/wear Sequence Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ ○ ○ ー ○
Cutting stability Bosch Injector ASTM Ｄ 3945 ○ ー ー ○
Evaporation Ｎｏａｃｋ ASTM D 5800 ○ ー ー ○
Maching for rubber/seal CEC-L-39-T-96 ○ ー ー ー
ＴＢＮ ASTM D 4793 ○ ー ー ー

DH-1 STD has been employed other test items which are not included on ASTM & ACEA
Comparison of ＪＡＳＯ & ＡＰＩ standard(2)
JASO ＡＰＩ
STD
Performance ＤＨ－１ ＣＤ ＣＦ ＣＦ－４ ＣＨ－４

耐摩耗性
Anti wear ◎ ○ 〇 ○ △

スス分散性
Soot dispersion ◎ △ ○ ○ ◎

Stability of
酸化安定性
oxidation ◎ ○ 〇 ○ ◎

JASO DH-1 is an engine oil to meet Japanese engine with cooled

EGR and can be used for both the latest emission control engine
and current engines
 Outline of Indiana staring oxidization
○ test(ISOT)
Purpose of testing: Evaluation of oxidization stability of engine oil

○ Testing condition:

Testing temp. 165.5℃ ， Testing time: 24,48,72 hours

Lid for
container
Container
Varnish bar
Outside dia 73mm

Height 127mm
Testing oil (250ml)
Copper catalyst

Bar for mixing

Tie with copper testing oil
or string Steel catalyst

Outline of testing device

 Evaluation test of Super wide DH-1
2 ISOT Test result( Stability of oxidization)
Viscosity change （＠ 40℃ ） Viscosity change （＠ 100℃ ）
1.1 1.1
Superwide Superwide DH-1

Viscosity Ratio＠100℃
Viscocity Ratio＠40℃

1 1

0.9 0.9

0.8 0.8

Superwideﾞ Superwide DH-1

0.7 0.7

0.6 0.6
0 24 48 72 96 120 0 24 48 72 96 120
Testing time (hours) Testing time (Hours)

Super wide DH-1 is superior than current one on viscosity changes

 Evaluation test of super wide DH-1
2 ISOT Test Result( Stability of oxidization)
TBN (Total Basic Number) （塩酸法） TBN(Total Basic Number) （過塩素酸法）
15 15
Super wide Super wide DH-1

TBN/過塩素酸法（mgKOH/ｇ）
TBN／塩酸法（mgKOH/ｇ）

10 10

5 5
super wide Super wide Dh-1

0 0
0 24 48 72 96 120 0 24 48 72 96 120
Testing time（ｈｒｓ） Testing time（ｈｒｓ）

Super wide DH-1 is remained higher TBN and superior for longer performance
 Evaluation test of super wide DH-1
3 Hot tube test result(Washing performance at high temp)
Good
10

6
評点

4
Super wide Super wide DH-1
2

Bad 0
280 290 300
Testing temp（℃）

API CH-4 Super Wide DH-1

Super wide DH-1 is superior on washing performance at high temp

 Evaluation test of super wide DH-1
4 Viscosity changes when adding soot dispersion/carbon black additive

2
Bad
Super wide Super wide DH-1
Viscosity ratio

1.5

Good 1
0 3 6
Amount of carbon brack additive（％）

Super wide DH-1 is superior on soot dispersion

Outline of 4 balls test
○Purpose of testing
It is to evaluate lubricating performance of diesel engine oil. Insulating fixed b
alls and by measuring contacting condition of friction area between fixed balls
and turning ball, and indicate by insulating ratio.
○Testing condition
Oil temp ： 80℃ ， Max load ： 1.9 ～ 3.1GPa ， Sliding speed ： 0.3m/s
Ｐ

10 Ｋ
Ｖ Ω
1.5V
Turning ball
Insulating by oil
Recorder film/reaction film
100Ω
Fixed ball
 Evaluation test of super wide DH-1
4 4 balls test result ( Anti wear )

Super wide Super wide DH-1

100 0.15 100 0.15
Vertical load
Insulating ratio
80 Friction factor 0.12 80 0.12
Vertical load

Insulation ration(%)
Insulation Ratio(%)

Insulating ratio

Friction ratio
60 0.09 Friction factor

Friction Ratio
60 0.09

40 0.06 40 0.06

20 0.03 20 0.03

0 0 0 0
0 360 720 1080 0 360 720 1080
Testing time(sec) Testing time(sec)

Super wide DH-1 is superior on anti wear performance

 （ 2 ） O x id a tio n S ta b ility （ 3 ） A n t iw e a r （ E s p e c ia lly f o r v a lv e t r a in ）
T h e m o s t c r itic a l p e r fo r m a n c e fo r o x id a tio n
s ta b ility is to p r o lo n g r e s id u e o f B a s e N u m b e r 【 J A S O V a l v e T r a i n W e a r T e s t ( 4 D 3 4 T 4 )】
（ A lk a li ） . W h e n o il is a g e d , in c r e a s e a c id
～ C u m w e a r te s t r e su lt ～
m a tte r . F u r th e r m o r e , s u lfu r in th e d ie s e l fu e l
300
g e n e r a t e s u l f u r i c a c i d . B a s e n u m b e r (m g K O H / g )

C a m N o se W ea r ( m )
m ax.
o n e o f m o s t p o p u la r c o n tr o l m e th o d 250
【 C o n d i t i o n （ O i l T e m p ： 1 6 5 .5 ℃ C a t a ly s t ： F e .C u w i t h O 2 ） 】 m ean
200
15
m in .
API CH-4 S u p e r W id e D H - 1 150

100 P ass
B a s e N o ／ H C l（ m g K O H / ｇ ）

10 50

0
D H -1 B o r d e r L in e Poor
API C G -4
【 S h e ll 4 b a ll te s t】
5
【 C o n d itio n 】
W are
L oad：392N
0 T em p ：80℃
0 24 48 72 96 120 1 2 0 0 ｒｐ ｍ
T e s t P e rio d （ ｈ ｒ ｓ ）

A P I C H -4 c o n s u m e s B a s e N o in 4 8 h o u r s .
D H -1 k e e p B a se N o e v e n a fter 1 2 0 h o u r s. API CD B a ll W e a r
S u p er W Id eD H -1 D ia m e te r
L o n g e r d r a in in te r v a l (m m )
0 0 .1 0 .2 0 .3 0 .4
 Hitachi Super Wide DH-1 15W-40 3. Requirements on Engine
①Soot Dispersion （ Soot increase from EGR ）
1. Abstract
Hitachi Super Wide DH-1 is developed with ②Anti Oxidation （ Higher combustion temp. ）
conforming Tir3 regulation. To conform Tir3, ③Anti-wear （ Applicable for slide type valve trai
Cooled EGR and common rail system have been n）
adopted for new machines. This oil is the best
much with both systems. Also this oil has good ④High Temp Detergency （ Top Ring, EGR etc ）
(1)Soot Dispersion
perform on conventional engines.
2. Common rail and Cooled EGR Soot Size
Large Small
【 Common Rail 】 Vis. Increase
High Conventional High pressure Grate Little
injection
Pressure
make fine API CD Super Wide DH-1
fuel particle
 Clean
combustion 2

Vis. Increase Rat

 Lower PM 1.5

io
【 Cooled EGR System 】 Cooled system can a 1
chieve lower NOx ge 0.5
neration compared w
ith conventional EG 0
R. It enable to reduc 3% 6%
e further decease of Soot contents %
NOx. Super Wide DH-1 is superior performance
→Fuel save 10 ％ for Soot dispersion. （ also better for fuel
consumption ）
Summary
（ 1 ） Hitachi genuine oil has been developed to meet Tier3 en
gine with EGR

（ 2 ） Hitachi genuine oil is superior for oxidation stability per

formance, and increased performance of long life use compar
e with current super wide engine oil.

（ 3 ） Hitachi genuine oil is also superior performance of anti-

wear, soot dispersion and washing performance at high temp
erature

Therefore Hitachi genuine oil is a new superior engine oil ext

remely increased each performance required for Tier3 engine
with EGR.
 If you use a bad quality of engine oil ?

Use of bad oil Engine damage

If it is continued
Lack of washing
Increase sludge Occurrence of scuffing
performance

Lack of neutralization Rust occurs

Drop of performance

Lack of anti-wear
Increase wear amount
performance
Noise & vibration

Lack of evaporation Increase oil consumption

Maintenance cost is increased

 Test result of test piece in sulfuric acid (1)
Super wide DH-1 Other make 10W-30 CD class

Super wide DH-1 is less rust by acid, and superior on

durability when high sulfur content in diesel fuel is used
 Example of advanced anti wear performance (2)

Test result as per JASO TD25

Super wide DH-1 Other make CD class

Super wide DH-1 is superior on washing performance of

piston ring (High temperature)
Example of advanced anti wear performance (3)

Test result as per JASO 4D34T

Super wide DH-1 Other make CD class

Super wide DH-1 is less wear on can shaft

Let’s use Hitachi Genuine Engine Oil
Super wide DH-1

Thank you