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Macro elements:
N (azote), P (Phosphore), K (Potassium)
Elements Secondaires :
Ca (Calcium), Mg (Magnesium), S (Soufre)
Micro nutrients:
Fe (fer), Cu (Cuivre), Zn (Zinc), B (Bore),
Mn (Manganese), Mo (Molybdenum) Cl (Chlore)
Ca
N
P
N
K
K Ca
Ca
Mg
N S P
P
Cu
K
Mn
Zn
grain paille
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Mineral analysis of Corn
Ca N
P
K N
K Ca
Ca
Mg
S
P N Cu K
Mn P
Zn
grain straw
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Mineral analysis of Tomatoes
Ca N
P
K
N
N Ca Ca
Mg
S P
K Cu
Mn K
P
Zn
fruit plant
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Mineral analysis of Orange
N
P
Ca K
Ca N
N
Mg
S Ca
Cu
K P Mn
Zn K P
fruit plant
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Role of each nutrient
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Role of nutrients in physiology of
plant growth:
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Nitrogen deficiency
N def
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N def
Nitrogen deficiency
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Nitrogen deficiency N def
Nitrogen deficiency on maize
N def
Nitrogen deficiency on citrus N def
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N def
Nitrogen deficiency on maize
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Nitrogen deficiency on cucumber N def
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Nitrogen is taken up by plants as nitrate (NO3-)
or amonium (NH4+) ions.
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Role of nutrients in physiology of
plant growth:
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Phosphorus
deficiency
P def
Purplish coloration on foliage
of some plants
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Phosphorus
deficiency
P def
Delayed
maturity and
poor fruit or
seed
development
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Phosphorus
deficiency
on Maize
P def
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P def
Phosphorus
deficiency
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P def
Phosphorus is absorbed by plants as H2PO4-
HPO4-- or PO4--- depending on soil pH
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Role of nutrients in physiology of
plant growth:
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Tip and marginal “burn”
Potassium deficiency starting on mature leaves K def
Weak leaves,plant lodge easily
Potassium deficiency
small fruit or shriveled seeds K def
Potassium deficiency
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K def
K def
Potassium deficiency
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K def
Potassium deficiency
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K def
Deficiency symptoms:
-Tip and marginal burn (mainly mature leaves)
-weak stalks, easy “lodge”
-small fruit
-slow growth
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Role of nutrients in physiology of
plant growth:
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Calcium deficiency
vineyard
Ca def
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Ca def
Symptoms:
-”Tip burn” of young leaves :celery,lettuce,cabbage
-death of growing points (buds) and root tips
-premature shedding of blossom and buds
-blossom end rot :tomatoes,pepper,melons
-bitter pit or cork spots: apples and pears
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Role of nutrients in physiology of
plant growth:
-nitrates reduction
-protein synthesis
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Interveinal chlorosis
(yellowing) in older leaves
Magnesium deficiency
Mg def
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Marginal yellowing
with green
“christmas tree”
along mid-rib of leaf
Mg def
Magnesium deficiency
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Mg is a component of
chlorophyll molecule
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Mg def
Magnesium deficiency
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Mg def
Magnesium deficiency
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Magnesium uptake is in ionic form Mg++
Chlorophyll molecule contain magnesium and is essential
for photosynthesis.
Magnesium is mobile in plant and is translocated to
younger tissue through the phloem
Symptoms of deficiency:
-interveinal chlorosis in older leaves
-curling of leaves upward along margins
-marginal yellowing with “green christmas tree”
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Role of nutrients in physiology of
plant growth:
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Fe :Iron deficiency
Symptoms of deficiency:
-interveinal chlorosis of young leaves. Veins remains
green except in severe cases
-Twig dieback
-in severe cases,death of entire limbs or plants
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Role of nutrients in physiology of
plant growth:
Symptoms of deficiency:
-death of terminal growth
-soft and necrosis in fruits
-reduction of flowering
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B Boron deficiency
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Bore deficiency
B Boron deficiency
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B Boron deficiency
improper
Pollination
Boron deficiency
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Boron is taken up by plants as borate ion (BO3---)
when boron is deficient, cells may continue to divide.
Boron regulate metabolism of carbohydrates in plant
Like calcium ,once assimilated ,is not remobilized in
plants for other leaves. A continuous supply is
necessary at growing points.
Deficiency first appear in young tissues
Symptoms:
-death of terminal growth
-thickness,curled, wilted and chlorotic leaves
-soft or necrotic spots in fruits and tubers
-reduced flowering or improper pollination
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Bore excess & toxicity
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Role of nutrients in physiology of
plant growth:
-enzyme activator.
-development of vitamin A.
Cu copper -protein synthesis
Symptoms:
-poor pigmentation
-wilting and death or leaf tips
-stunted growth
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Copper deficiency
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Zn def
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Zn def
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Zn def
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Salinity banana
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Role of nutrients in physiology of
plant growth:
Symptoms:
-pale green coloration with dark veins
-interveinal chlorosis of young leaves
Mn def.
Diagnosis of
deficiency in
different crops
?
Boron toxicity
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diagnosis
?
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?
Calcium deficiency
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Relationship
Mn
between nutrients
Ca
K
Fe
Cu
Mg
B
N Mo
Zn
stimulation
antagonism elgad1@netvision.net.il
Relationship
Mn
between nutrients
Ca
K
Fe
Cu
Mg
B
N Mo
Zn
stimulation
antagonism elgad1@netvision.net.il
Excess of calcium
Potassium deficiency
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Example of addition of K and Na (kg/ha) on the mineral
composition of cotton leaves in (meq/100g dry mat.)
NO3-
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Balance in nutrition
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B Boron deficiency on maize
Symptoms:
-death of terminal growth
-thickness,curled, wilted and chlorotic leaves
-soft or necrotic spots in fruits and tubers
-reduced flowering or improper pollination
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Ca calcium deficiency on carnation
Symptoms:
-”Tip burn” of young leaves :celery,lettuce,cabbage
-death of growing points (buds) and root tips
-premature shedding of blossom and buds
-blossom end rot :tomatoes,pepper,melons
-bitter pit or cork spots: apples and pears
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Cl Chlore toxicity on citrus
Symptoms of deficiency:
-interveinal chlorosis of young leaves. Veins remains
green except in severe cases
-Twig dieback
-in severe cases,death of entire limbs or plants
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K potassium deficiency on cotton
Deficiency symptoms:
-Tip and marginal burn (mainly mature leaves)
-weak stalks, easy “lodge”
-small fruit
-slow growth
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N Nitrogen deficiency on banana
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Mg magnesium deficiency on pea
Symptoms of deficiency:
-interveinal chlorosis in older leaves
-curling of leaves upward along margins
-marginal yellowing with “green christmas tree”
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P phosphorus deficiency on maize
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Presente par
Elharrar Gad
Elgad Agro-system
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