Le bégaiement

Préparé par: widad Kbar/ Grece Fayad/ Zaynab

Shokor/ Céline Ibrahim

Présenté à : Mlle Taymaa Hamoud

 Plan
01 Définition

02 Types du bégaiement

Comment affecte t-il la communication non verbale, la

03 parole et l’interaction sociale?

04 Comment l’environnement affecte le bégaiement?

05 Vidéos
 01
Définition
Le bégaiement est un trouble de la communication
atteignant la fluence de la parole (selon le DSM5).

Il se caractérise par :
Des répétitions des sons et des syllabes.
Ex. : Je-je-je veux manger!

Des prolongations des sons.

Ex. : Je vvvvvvvvvvveux jouer!

Des blocages audibles ou silencieux.

Ex. : J’ai mangé une b…anane

D’interruptions des mots.

Le bégaiement nuit à la parole en empêchant de s’exprimer en continu.

Ex. : « Je vvvvvveux a-a-a-ller à la p-p-piscine ».

Il apparaît le plus souvent vers l’âge de 2 à 5 ans, mais parfois dès 18 mois.

Les difficultés deviennent plus importantes si aucune intervention n’est

mise en place.
Il s’accompagne souvent de
manifestations physiques comme des
tics au visage, des clignements des
yeux ou des trépignements
02
Types du
bégaiement
 On peut trouver 2 types de bégaiement:

Le bégaiement

1
développemental transitoire:

(75% des cas) qui se déclare

généralement entre 2 et 4 ans et qui
disparaît spontanément.

Le bégaiement

2
développemental persistant:

qui se déclare entre 2 et 4 ans

(ou rarement plus tard) et qui va
persister à l'adolescence et à
l'âge adulte.
 On peut trouver aussi :
Bégaiement du développement : Neurogénique :

Il survient lorsque les enfants apprennent à parler. Il est causé par une lésion qui entraîne un
En général, il disparaît une fois que l’enfant traumatisme sévère dans la tête, voire
maîtrise toutes les compétences linguistiques. même un accident vasculaire cérébral. Il
peut être irréversible.

Tonique :  Clonique :

L’enfant est incapable de parler avec

L’enfant souffre de spasmes qui interrompent fluidité parce qu’il répète,
son discours. Lorsqu’il est combiné avec le involontairement, les syllabes et les mots.
précédent (clonique), on parle d’un bégaiement
mixte.
 03
Comment affecte t-il la
communication non verbale, la
parole et l’interaction sociale?
 LA PAROLE ?
Le bégaiement se manifeste par certaines hésitations dans la parole
bien typiques :
 répéter un mot d’une seule syllabe (ex. : Je-je-je veux manger!);

 répéter une partie de mot (ex. : Je t’a-t’a-t’a-ttends);

 vouloir faire un son sans qu’il sorte (ex. : J’ai mangé une b…anane);

 allonger un son (ex. : Je vvvvvvvvvvveux jouer!).

LA COMMUNICATION NON-VERBALE ?

Le bégaiement s’accompagne souvent de manifestations physiques:

 Des tics au visage;
 Des clignements des yeux;
 Des trépignements;
 Spasmes respiratoires;
 Avoir des mouvements involontaires des bras;
 Avoir une expression de peur;
 Perte de contact visuel pendant le discours;
 Raidissement des muscles.
 Bégaiement et interaction sociale !
Les effets du bégaiement au niveau de la parole et la communication non
verbale consistent une entrave dans le fonctionnement normal de la
communication et se répercute sur toutes les sphères de vie des
individus qui en souffrent (sociale, professionnelle et académique )

1 Les bègues, les interactions sociales et les épisodes de communication sont

parsemés de difficultés et associés à des expériences négatives.

Les personnes bègues sont susceptibles d’être stigmatisées, puisqu’elles

2 sont difficilement capable de satisfaire aux normes de la parole fluente.
 04
Comment l’environnement
affecte le bégaiement?
05
Vidéos
Références
Le bégaiement (naitreetgrandir.com)

Bégaiement : définition, causes, techniques pour l'arrêter (journaldesfemmes.fr)

 Bégaiement : types et traitement - Améliore ta Santé (amelioretasante.com)

 Merci pour
votre attention
 Unit of measurement of time
The instrument we use to measure time is the clock. The unit we will use as a reference will be
the day. With respect to the day, there are smaller and larger units of time.

Smaller than the day Larger than the day

● A day has 24 hours.
● An hour has 60 minutes.
● A minute has 60 seconds.
● 7 days make a week.
● Between 28 and 31 days make a month.
● 12 months make a year.
● 5 years make a lustrum.
● 10 years make a decade.
● 100 years make a century.
● 1,000 years make a millennium.
 What is it?
A clock is the instrument we humans use to measure time in the typical units:
hours, minutes and seconds. A watch is a type of portable clock.

The main function of clocks is to measure time, which allows us to know what
time it is at the moment of consultation.

It also allows us to activate alarms at a specific time so that we do not forget to

perform a specific action.

And it serves to measure the duration of an event.

 4 types of clocks
Analog clock:
This is one of the best known types of clocks (or
watches). The analog clock is characterized by
indicating the time on a dial, by means of three
types of hands. The smallest hand marks the
hour; the longest hand marks the minutes and
some types of analog clocks also mark the seconds
with a red hand.
 4 types of clocks

Digital clock
This clock (or watch) marks the time with digital
14:3 numerals. These can indicate the hour, minutes,
0 seconds and even the day and month. They can
have two types of formats: 24 hours or 12 hours.
If 12 hours are used, it is indicated by the initials
a.m. (before noon) or p.m. (after noon).
 4 types of clocks

Wristwatch
As the name suggests, these types of watches are
characterized by having a strap that is attached
to the wrist. They can be either analog or digital.
It is the most used watch nowadays, since you
always have the exact time.
 The time on an analog clock
The analog clock is divided into 12 parts.

● The long hand indicates the exact hour, i.e. 1-2-3-4-

5...
● The short hand indicates the minutes. To indicate the
minutes, it should be taken into account that each
number marking the hour will be equivalent to 5
minutes. Thus, 1 will be equivalent to 5 minutes, 2 to
10, 3 to 15, 4 to 20, etc... If the short hand is at 3 and
the long one at 4, it means that it is 3:20 (in the
morning or in the afternoon).
 Telling time
Sharp (o’clock)
When the last two hands of the digital clock are at 00 or the long
hand of the analog clock is at 12, it means that the hour has just
begun. (2:00 - two o’clock.)

Half past
The long hand of the analog watch will be at the number 6. On
the digital clock the last two digits will be 30. It means that the
first half of the hour has passed. (2:30 - half past two.)
 Telling time
A quarter past
The hand of the analog clock will be at 3. On the digital clock,
the last digits will be 15, which means that a quarter of an hour
has passed. (2:15 - a quarter past two.)

A quarter to
The long hand will be at 9, while on the digital clock the last
two digits will be 45. This means that there are 15 minutes left
until the end of the hour. (2:45 - a quarter to three.)
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