Vocable Anglais 783 - 12 Juillet 2018

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nouvelleentée Les indispensable
augm maire Lycée
ram niveau B1 à B2
d ne g es preuves !
’u
it s
qui a fa Les exercices
se trouvent
!
sur la page de droite
Un exercice sur deux est en
Les points de grammaire auto-corrigé : pour une plus
sont abordés sur la page grande autonomie de l’élève
de gauche et un travail préparatoire aux
pour décrire, mettre en relation exercices non corrigés.
et fixer les connaissances. Les exercices non corrigés
peuvent être faits sous la
direction du professeur ou
proposés dans le cadre
d’une évaluation.
È Un index des
difficultés repérées
par mot-clé.
Corrigés
13 nouvelles fiches
synthétiques pour
mieux comprendre
l'anglais et s’exprimer
! ISBN
9782708014893
des exercices
Corrigés partiels
des exercices ISBN
9782708009516
à l’oral. 296 pages de la Grammaire raisonnée 1 40 pages
16 € 11 €
Nouvelle structure du test du TOEIC
TOEIC
Success Story
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✔ de nombreux exemples concrets
✔ des exercices d’entraînement efficaces
✔ les corrections
✔ des fichiers audio et un TOEIC blanc disponibles
sur www.ophrys.fr
L’auteur, Sandrine Villers

ISBN enseigne le TOEIC depuis de nombreuses années dans un IUT
9782708015326 et dans une école de commerce. Elle en connaît donc tous les
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édito sommaire N° 783 / Du 12 juillet au 5 septembre 2018
NIVEAU DE DIFFICULTÉ ET ÉQUIVALENCE CECRL
(Cadre Européen Commun de Référence pour les langues) :
 facile A2-B1  moyen B2-C1  difficile C1-C2
Pour faciliter le repérage et la compréhension, les mots traduits sont surlignés dans tous les
articles du magazine.
AMÉLIE ARA
RÉDACTRICE EN CHEF Grand angle ........................................................................................................................................................................................................ 4
On parle d'eux .............................................................................................................................................................................................. 5
Un bol d’air frais A la une

au Colorado  B2-C1 Denver, the mile high city THE NEW YORK TIMES (US) ..................................... 6
Que faire, que voir, que déguster dans la capitale du Colorado.
Pour ce numéro estival, Vocable vous emmène au
Colorado. Assez peu fréquenté par les touristes,  A2-B1 Focus .................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 9
qui lui préfèrent les grandes métropoles ou le
spectaculaire Grand Canyon, l’état du Colorado  B2-C1 A hike in Rocky Mountain National Park
est l’un des secrets les mieux gardés des Etats- VOCABLE ............................................................................................................................................................................................................................ 10
Unis. Avec ses montagnes colorées, ses forêts Entretien avec la responsable des relations publiques du Parc National des
verdoyantes, ses lacs majestueux, ses roches Montagnes Rocheuses.
rouges et ses 300 jours de soleil par an, il offre
des paysages à couper le souffle. Le Colorado est
aussi la destination idéale pour vivre une authen- Société
tique expérience américaine. Ses habitants vous  B2-C1 A border town where petunias split countries
accueilleront à bras ouverts pour vous faire THE NEW YORK TIMES (US) ....................................................................................................................................................................... 12
découvrir les richesses de leur terre et vous faire Relations au beau fixe entre les communautés frontalières de Derby Line.
goûter leurs incroyables spécialités culinaires,
des Rocky Mountain oysters (attention, elles portent  B2-C1 Miss America wraps up THE ECONOMIST (UK) .................................................................................... 14
mal leur nom !) à la viande d’élan. Concours de beauté « Miss America » : terminé les maillots de bain !
Laissez-vous éblouir par les paysages du Parc  A2-B1 A 360° ............................................................................................................................................................................................................................ 16

National des Montagnes Rocheuses, l’un des
quatre parc nationaux du Colorado, qui abrite une
faune et une flore exceptionnelles. A Denver, la PRATIC’ABLE �� 17
capitale, faites le plein de soleil, de culture et de Vocabulaire, expressions et astuces pour parler
shopping. Pour vraiment ressentir l’énergie de comme un anglophone
la ville, rien de mieux qu’une promenade dans La bière / Les différentes fonctions de “could”/ Jeux de mots
RiNo, le nouveau quartier branché et créatif où
le street-art est roi — au passage, n’oubliez pas
de goûter les bières artisanales proposées par
les nombreuses micro-brasseries ! Dépaysement Enjeux
garanti...  B2-C1 Donald Trump Jr is revered by the right THE GUARDIAN (UK) ................ 21
Le fils aîné du président américain, prêt à prendre la relève ?
Bonne lecture et rendez-vous le 6 septembre
pour le prochain numéro !  C1-C2 Leaving the planet THE NEW YORK TIMES (US) ................................................................................... 23
Le développement du tourisme spatial de luxe.
 A2-B1 Echos ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................. 25
Rejoignez-nous sur et suivez-nous sur et sur

Culture
 C1-C2 Spike Lee on BlacKkKlansman LOS ANGELES TIMES (US) ........................................ 26
Rencontre avec un réalisateur engagé.
BONUS
 B2-C1 Amy Liptrot interview THE INDEPENDENT (UK) ............................................................................... 28
L’article est repris sur le CD ou les MP3 Le premier roman de l’auteure écossaise Amy Liptrot.
de conversation : Des interviews en V.O.
pour améliorer votre compréhension
Tous les articles du magazine sont lus par des Découverte

anglophones sur le CD (ou les MP3) de lecture  A2-B1 The meaning of a smile THE GUARDIAN (UK) ................................................................................ 30.
Petite histoire du sourire.
Retrouvez le reportage vidéo
lié à l’ article sur vocable.fr
Bons plans .......................................................................................................................................................................................................... 32
Les sorties ........................................................................................................................................................................................................... 34
Photo de couverture : Istock Le dessin .................................................................................................................................................................................................................. 35
Grand L’actualité en images
angle
(Evan Vucci/AP/SIPA)
ETATS-UNIS
THE TRUMP-KIM SUMMIT

On June 12, an historical summit took place between American president Donald Trump and
North Korean leader Kim Jong-un, on Sentosa Island, in Singapore. The two men signed a joint
Singapour
statement in which North Korea commits to “complete denuclearization of the Korean
Peninsula.” Donald Trump also agreed to North Korea’s “freeze for freeze” demand − the U.S.
will halt joint military exercises with South Korea in exchange for Pyongyang’s freezing missile
and nuclear tests. Many political experts said that the summit was not a big success for Trump,
who made concessions but got no specific commitments in return. At the same time, they acknowledged that war was
finally off the table. After the meeting, Trump vehemently sang Kim Jong-un’s praises in the media: “He’s got a great
personality. He’s a funny guy, a tough guy, he’s very smart, he’s a great negotiator. He loves his people.”
joint conjoint, commun / statement déclaration / to commit to sth s’engager sur qqch / freeze gel (ici, au sens figuré) / demand exigence / to halt mettre un
terme à / in return en contrepartie / to acknowledge reconnaître (officiellement) / to be off the table ici, ne plus être d’actualité / praise éloge(s) / guy gars, type
/ tough dur, coriace / smart intelligent.
4 • VOCABLE Du 12 juillet au 5 septembre 2018

On parle d'eux… Retrouvez le fil d’infos sur www.vocable.fr
Ceux qui font l'actu
Kirstjen Nielsen
US homeland security secretary, Kirstjen Niels-
en, has become the face of Trump’s “Zero Toler-
ance” immigration policy. This policy, imple-
mented in April, has led to the separation of
2,300 children from their parents at the border
with Mexico. Last month, Kirstjen Nielsen de-
fended the policy to reporters at the White
House. “We have to do our job. We will not apol-
ogize for doing our job,” she said. Many con-
gressional Democrats called for her resigna-
tion, and some Republicans, as well as people
from Trump’s own circle (including the First
Lady), spoke against this “cruel” policy. After
(Pablo Martinez Monsivais/AP/SIPA)

days of controversy, Trump signed an executive
order to put an end to family separations.
homeland security secretary ministre de la Sécurité intérieure /
to implement mettre en œuvre, appliquer / border frontière / to
apologize s’excuser / congressional siégeant au Congrès / to call
for réclamer / resignation démission / executive order décret
(présidentiel).
(Mark Thomas/Shutterstock/SIPA)
(Julie Jacobson/AP/SIPA)
(Rod McGuirk/AP/SIPA)
Sajid Javid Nikki Haley Malcolm Turnbull
UK Home Secretary, Sajid Javid, has Nikki Haley, US ambassador to the UN, Australian Prime Minister, Malcolm Turnbull,
announced that the government would announced last month that the US was has blamed journalists and the media for
review the use of medicinal cannabis, because withdrawing from the United Nations human portraying the Australia-China relationship
the current law wasn’t working. “It is not rights council. She stressed the fact that the inaccurately: “you’ll see […] a lot more
satisfactory for the parents, it is not council specifically targeted Israel while negativity presented than is actually the
satisfactory for the doctor and it is not ignoring atrocities in other countries like the case.” He also emphasized that the two
satisfactory for me,” he said. A commission of DRC, Venezuela and Iran. “The world’s most countries have a strong relationship, citing the
experts is going to look at the evidence for the inhumane regimes continue to escape scrutiny millions of Australians of Chinese descent. His
medical benefits of cannabis, and some and the council continues the politicising and claim was made shortly after a row between
cannabis-based medicines may be scapegoating of countries with positive Australian politicians and the Chinese
rescheduled if they are proven efficient. human rights records,” she said. telecommunications company, Huawei.
Home Secretary ministre de l’Intérieur / to review UN = United Nations (Organization) / to to blame accuser / to portray présenter /
réexaminer, reconsidérer / evidence (inv.) preuve(s), withdraw, drew, drawn (from) se retirer (de) / to inaccurately de manière inexacte, erronée /
indication(s) / to reschedule ici, classer comme stress souligner, insister sur / to target viser, prendre actually en réalité / to emphasize souligner /
médicament / efficient efficace. pour cible / DRC = Democratic Republic of the descent origine(s) / claim affirmation ici, accusation
Congo / to escape échapper (à) / scrutiny / row querelle.
surveillance, examen / to politicise politiser (les
questions) / to scapegoat prendre comme
bouc-émissaire / records antécédents.
VOCABLE Du 12 juillet au 5 septembre 2018 •5

À la une I Destination I ETATS-UNIS I  B2-C1
SUPPLÉMENT VIDÉO
La ville de Victor a jadis attiré de nombreux conquérants
Denver Washington DC
venus chercher fortune mais elle n'a pas eu le même
destin que Denver... Découvrez le reportage vidéo et
testez votre compréhension sur
www.vocable.fr/videos-anglais
THE NEW YORK TIMES JADA YUAN
DENVER, THE MILE HIGH CITY

À la découverte de Denver (Denver est surnommée la Mile-High City car son altitude officielle est
d'un mile, soit 1 609 m)
La ville de Denver, nichée au pied des montagnes Rocheuses, est assez peu visitée par nos compatriotes, qui lui préfèrent les
grandes villes américaines bien connues. Mais cela risque de changer ! Depuis avril dernier, un vol direct Paris-Denver rend
accessible en un rien de temps cette ville à taille humaine incroyablement accueillante. Que vous soyez amateur de bière ou de
bonne cuisine, féru d’art ou accro au shopping, Denver saura vous séduire !
T he silhouette of a massive construc-

tion crane loomed against the brilliant
reds and purples of a Colorado sunset sky. “This
is the classic view of Denver right now,” my
NEW FANCY NEIGHBOURHOODS FOOD HALL FEVER
2. The construction crane was looming over
The Source, one of the many gourmet food halls
that have popped up around the city in the last
5. The Source, an “artisan” market housed in a
reclaimed 1880s iron foundry with a new sky-
scraper hotel attached, was one of three food
friend Rachel Fleming said. Fleming is an an- five years. It’s in the River North Arts District halls I went to in six days. Industrial in design,
thropologist who’s lived in Denver for a decade (RiNo), an epicenter for microbreweries, fancy its centerpiece is a fresh and tasty sit-down
and works in the area’s booming tech industry. restaurants, new apartment buildings and restaurant, Acorn.
We played violin together as teenagers in abundant street art a 10-minute walk from
Santa Fe, New Mexico, and like many of my Lower Downtown (LoDo). 6. My favorite was the more casual Central
high school buddies, she left the West only to Market, set in an airy, refurbished 14,000-square-
wind her way back there because she missed 3. “Downtown, I think, has added at least twice foot building in RiNo. It offers take-home butch-
the mountains — because once they’re in your as many skyscrapers as it had 10 years ago,” said ery and seafood — as well as gourmet pizza,
blood, you always do. Fleming. “Most of that area used to be aban- salads and ice cream. Also enticing, particularly
doned train yards and industrial buildings and for the younger set, is Avanti F&B in the hip
now you go by and see people jogging. It’s like, Lower Highlands (LoHi) neighborhood across
1. crane grue / to loom se profiler, se dresser / sunset
crépuscule / booming en plein essor / tech =
‘Oh wow, people actually live here.'” the river from downtown. A collective test
technology / buddy ici, copine / to wind, wound, kitchen for local chefs, it has a terrific view,
wound one’s way back ici, atterrir de nouveau / to miss 4. My mom grew up in Colorado Springs, an outdoor fire pits and a lively bar scene that
ici, avoir la nostalgie de. hour’s drive south of here. I’ve spent the past 22 rages till 1 a.m. on weekends.
years visiting the state regularly to see friends
or to go snowboarding. I hadn’t spent much time GATHERING SPOT
in Denver’s urban center, but of my 52 Places 7. The $54 million renovation of Union Station,
SUR LE BOUT DE LA LANGUE destinations, I was sure it would feel the most a 1914-vintage train depot, has turned it into
familiar. I didn’t know, though, that it would something like New York’s Ace Hotel — a hip
"The area used to be remind of another home of mine: New York City. gathering spot — only with transportation >>>
abandoned train yards Here’s a starter guide to the city’s rich art, food
... now you go by and and outdoors scenes. Bring good walking shoes. 5. to house abriter / reclaimed réhabilité / iron foundry
fonderie / centerpiece (US) = centrepiece (GB)
see people jogging." (§ 3) élément principal, pièce maîtresse / tasty savoureux /
used to indique un état ou une action 2. fancy ici, chic / neighbourhood (GB), neighborhood sit-down avec service à la table.
qui se situait dans le passé mais qui (US) quartier / to loom over dominer / food hall ici, 6. casual décontracté / airy spacieux / refurbished
a cessé : marché alimentaire (situé dans un bâtiment) / to pop up rénové / square foot pied carré (= 0,09 m²) / take-
I used to eat meat but now I'm faire son apparition / microbrewery microbrasserie. home à emporter / butchery ici, charcuterie, viande /
vegetarian. 3. skyscraper gratte-ciel / train yard voies de triage / to seafood fruits de mer / enticing alléchant, tentant / set
Ne pas confondre avec to be used to go, went, gone by passer devant / wow (exclamation ici, public / hip branché / terrific fantastique,
(avoir l'habitude de): d'admiration) ouah / actually en fait, en réalité. extraordinaire / fire pit brasero / lively animé,
I'm used to dogs. We've always had 4. 52 Places destinations réf. aux 52 destinations dynamique / to rage ici, battre son plein.
one at home. incontournables recensées par le New York Times en 2018 / 7. gathering spot lieu de rendez-vous / vintage ancien,
starter guide guide du débutant / outdoors à l’extérieur. d’époque / transportation (US) = transport (GB) /
6 • VOCABLE Du 12 juillet au 5 septembre 2018  facile A2-B1 /  moyen B2-C1 /  difficile C1-C2
Retrouvez plus d’infos sur www.vocable.fr
Denver in numbers
Approximate population : 693,292 5,280 feet or 1 mile 1st city in the world to have
Founded in 1858 above sea level legalized recreational marijuana
300 days of sunshine a year 200 parks
Colorado Capitol Building in Denver. (VISIT DENVER)
Red Rocks Amphitheatre. (VISIT DENVER)
Mural in RiNo. (VISIT DENVER) Denver Skyline. (VISIT DENVER)
Rockmount Ranch Wear store. (Amélie Ara) Denver Union Station. (Scott Dressel-Martin)
NIVEAU BASIQUE ET AVANCÉ DU SUPPLÉMENT SONORE
C’est à Boulder, au Colorado, que Mike Gilmore, le fondateur de l’atelier de brassage Brew Unique, a appris à
brasser sa bière et décidé d’en faire son métier. Sur le supplément sonore niveau basique, les membres de
trois tribus amérindiennes différentes racontent à Shelly De Vito l'importance que revêt le Colorado pour eux.
CD audio ou téléchargement MP3 (sur abonnement)
>>> schedules. The station’s lobby is filled with li- city that presented the best plan for a museum
brary-like long tables and comfy leather chairs solely dedicated to showing it in its entirety. A bit of history
where a diverse cross-section of the city types Denver won, and the result is the Clyfford Still
away on their laptops. I loved the farm-to-table Museum, an impressive concrete structure By Rich Grant,
sandwiches at light-filled Mercantile Dining & with huge walls for displaying the artist’s im- freelance writer and
Provision so much I went twice. mense canvases, and textured ceilings that let co-author with Irene
Rawlings of
in daylight in fractured patterns. 100 Things to Do in
MUSEUM OR LIVING ROOM? Denver Before You
8. Tired of seeing art displayed in plain white ON THE STREET AND ON TAP Die (Reedy Press)
rooms? Make a special trip to the vastly ex- 10. The best way to see Denver’s booming art
“Denver is one of the few cities in history that
panded and newly reopened Kirkland Museum scene is to simply walk around RiNo, where was literally in the middle of nowhere. In
of Fine & Decorative Art. Named after the late many businesses commission murals to draw 1858, it was surrounded by 600 miles of
abstract painter and Denver resident Vance in customers, and an art event literally puts wilderness and inhabited only by Native
Kirkland, it features the work of some 1,500 artists a fresh coat of paint on the neighborhood each Americans and Mountain Men. And then
and designers, laid out in a unique salon style. year — resulting in something amazing to some gold was discovered at the confluence
Diamond-shaped chairs by Frank Lloyd Wright see on nearly every public wall. I toured with of small Cherry Creek and the South Platte
and an undulating cardboard ottoman from Alex Roth, a Colorado native who works for River. This was just ten years after the great
California Gold Rush, and everyone who
Frank Gehry might be next to a painting from the luxury travel club, Inspirato, and offered
missed out on that adventure was sure to
an obscure Colorado surrealist. All the paintings to be my guide. He also introduced me to the come to this one. Within two years, 100,000
are from Colorado artists, and the collection of art of wandering into Denver’s many micro- men and women walked 600 miles from St.
mid-century modern decorative pottery is breweries, such as Our Mutual Friend, which Louis to Denver, which overnight became a
particularly charming. Organizing principles itself had a mural storefront of neon-colored boom town with saloons, gambling halls,
are loosely chronological, and never boring. camouflage. bordellos and all the delights that someone
would want after walking 600 miles.
A SINGULAR COLLECTION 11. It’s important to note that RiNo is as much literally à proprement parler / to be
9. The will of the pioneering Abstract Expres- a story of gentrification as it is of growth. In surrounded by être entouré de / mile = 1,609
sionist painter Clyfford Still (1904-1980) stipu- 2005, artists who’d moved into the area’s aban- km / wilderness étendues sauvages / Native
American Amérindien / Gold Rush ruée vers l'or
lated that his collection be awarded to a U.S. doned industrial buildings came up with the
/ to miss out on sth rater, passer à côté de qqch
name as a way to sell more art. Commercial / overnight du jour au lendemain / boom town
schedule horaire / lobby hall (d'entrée) / comfy
and residential real estate followed, and have ville-champignon / gambling hall maison de jeu
confortable / leather (en) cuir / diverse ici, multiculturel / pushed into the historically black parts of town / bordello maison close / delight plaisir.
cross-section échantillon (représentatif) / laptop — particularly the Five Points neighborhood
ordinateur portable / farm-to-table du producteur au — to significant controversy.
consommateur / light-filled lumineux, baigné de lumière. an introduction to the vast array of hiking
8. to display exposer, présenter / plain quelconque, GAINING ALTITUDE and rock climbing in the Flatiron Mountains,
ordinaire / expanded agrandi / late disparu, décédé / to 12. You don’t have to go far for a more im- is accessible from Denver by a 50-minute
feature présenter / to lay, laid, laid out présenter,
mersive natural experience. Red Rocks Am- Regional Transportation Denver bus plus a
exposer / undulating cardboard carton ondulé /
ottoman repose-pied qui peut aussi servir de siège phitheater — 30 minutes away by shuttle or short taxi or ride share to the trailhead. The
d'appoint ou de table basse / loosely vaguement. car on concert nights — is also a great place evening I went, we happened upon dozens of
9. will testament / to award attribuer / for hiking and watching the moon rise over juniors and seniors from Silver Creek High
the plains. And Chautauqua Park in Boulder, School in nearby Longmont taking their prom
pictures. Trudging through spring snow in a
Informations ballgown and heels seems to be a particu-
pratiques solely exclusivement / to dedicate consacrer, dédier / larly Coloradan rite of passage. l
impressive impressionnant / concrete (en) béton /
La compagnie aérienne Norwegian canvas toile / ceiling plafond / daylight lumière du jour
propose désormais un vol direct / pattern motif. array variété, choix / ride share covoiturage / trailhead
Paris-Denver, les lundis et vendredis, de la 10. on tap accessible, à disposition (jeu de mots avec ale point de départ d'une randonnée / junior ici, élève de
fin mars à la fin octobre. A partir de 300€ on tap bière à la pression) / to commission commander première / senior ici, élève de terminale / nearby tout
TTC par personne. / mural fresque / to draw, drew, drawn in attirer / coat proche / prom bal de fin d'année / to trudge avancer
Pour préparer votre voyage, rendez-vous sur of paint couche de peinture / to tour explorer, visiter / to péniblement / ballgown robe du soir / heels hauts
le site de l’Office de Tourisme du wander flâner, s’aventurer / storefront devanture. talons, escarpins.
Colorado : https://www.colorado.com/ 11. real estate immobilier / significant important, de
francais/home taille. Merci à l'Office du tourisme du Colorado et
12. shuttle navette / hiking randonnée /
à Norwegian d'avoir rendu ce voyage possible.
I Destination I ETATS-UNIS
Focus
Colorado summer adventures
VISIT THE STANLEY HOTEL

The Stanley Hotel, built in Estes Park in
1909 by Freelan Oscar Stanley, inventor
of the photographic plate and the
steam-powered automobile, is
recognized worldwide for its
architecture, history, stunning views...
and for its purported paranormal
activity. In 1974, Stephen King stayed in
room 217, which inspired him to
York Times)
write The Shining... Get ready
for a spooky and cultural
experience!
(Matthew Staver/The New

photographic plate plaque
photographique / steam-
powered à vapeur /
worldwide dans le monde
entier / stunning
(Amélie Ara)
époustouflant, spectaculaire /
purported prétendu /
spooky inquiétant, surnaturel.
STAY ON A DUDE RANCH SOAK IN GLENWOOD SPRINGS

Spend some time on a dude ranch to experience Time to relax! Steamy and
authentic cowboy life! Cowboy culture is strongly naturally heated hot springs are
entrenched in Colorado, and dude ranches, oriented one of Colorado’s most famous
towards tourism, offer a wide range of activities natural features — nearly 50 hot
such as fly-fishing, wild-horse tours, sporting clays... springs are located in Colorado.
Colorado has plenty of dude ranches, but the High Glenwood Springs is the perfect
Lonesome Ranch, in DeBecque, really stands out town to experience them:
with its emphasis on good food (the dishes they Glenwood Hot Springs is the
serve are made from vegetables grown in their world’s largest mineral hot
kitchen garden and locally-sourced produce), a springs pool, while Iron
genuine care for every guest, and its huge size. Mountain Hot Springs, which
dude ranch (US) structure touristique où l’on peut faire de opened in 1896, offers 16
l’équitation et qui ne possède pas de bétail / entrenched soaking pools and jaw-
ancré, enraciné / range gamme, choix / fly-fishing pêche à dropping mountain views.
la mouche / sporting clays ball-trap (exercice d’adresse to soak in ici, faire trempette dans
consistant à abattre au fusil des plateaux en argile [clay] / steamy saturé de vapeur / hot
projetés dans l’air) / to stand, stood, stood out se spring source chaude / feature
démarquer, sortir du lot / emphasis ici, importance caractéristique, particularité /
(donnée) / locally-sourced d’origine locale / produce
Jack Affleck) pool piscine / jaw-dropping
fruits et légumes frais / genuine véritable, authentique / (Iron Mountain Hot Springs/ ahurissant, qui laisse bouche bée.
care ici, attention / guest ici, client.
AKE A HIKE IN COLORADO

T
NATIONAL MONUMENT
Colorado National Monument, established in 1911 thanks to John Otto, is one of the state’s
most impressive landscapes, covering 32 square miles of naturally sculpted rock. The
plateau rises over 2,000 feet above the Grand Valley of the Colorado River, and offers
stunning views of colourful sheer-walled canyons and rock sculptures. Colorado National
Monument’s eleven canyons were carved by erosion over millions of years. During a hike,
you can encounter a wide range of animals such as squirrels, mule deer, mountain lions or
even bighorn sheep if you’re lucky.
to take, took, taken a hike partir en randonnée / impressive impressionnant / landscape
paysage / feet pied (30,48 cm) / sheer-walled aux parois escarpées / to carve sculpter, tailler /
squirrel écureuil / mule deer cerf hémione / mountain lion puma / bighorn sheep mouflon
d’Amérique.
(IStock)

Rocky Mountain National Park has 147 lakes with

7 native and 4 exotic fish species
Do not miss: Bear Lake
VOCABLE AMÉLIE ARA
A HIKE IN ROCKY MOUNTAIN

NATIONAL PARK
Rencontre avec Kyle Patterson, responsable des relations publiques du parc
national des montagnes Rocheuses (hike, randonnée)
Le Colorado, porte d’entrée du Grand Ouest américain, possède des paysages à couper le souffle. Avec pas moins de quatre parcs
et huit monuments nationaux, vingt-cinq stations de ski et autant de routes historiques pittoresques, c’est une destination
privilégiée de tous les amoureux de la nature. Kyle Patterson nous fait découvrir l’un des bijoux du Colorado, le Parc National des
Montagnes Rocheuses.
Rocky Mountain is one of the oldest national parks in the United States. (Rocky Mountain National Park)
Améliorez votre prononciation en écoutant tous les articles sur le supplément audio de lecture
Colorado by the numbers
4 national
parks 42 state
parks 6,000 miles of
rivers 960 wildlife
species 30 hot
springs
RENCONTRE AVEC K.P.: Rocky Mountain National Park sup-

KYLE PATTERSON ports a diversity of ecosystems, including
Responsable des relations publiques montane, subalpine, and alpine biological
Parc National des Montagnes Rocheuses communities. The park also includes lush
riparian and aquatic ecosystems based
1. Vocable: Can you tell us a little bit about the in lakes and streams. Forests mingle
history of the park? When did it become a with mountain meadows. The park is Rocky Mountain elk, pho
mating season in late Septographed during the
national park, and why? also one of America’s premier wildlife tember. (SIPA)
Kyle Patterson: The lands now known as Rocky watching destinations, showcasing elk,
Mountain National Park have been home to bighorn sheep, mule deer, moose, black
humans for at least 10,000 years. American In- bears, coyotes, mountain lions, a variety of bird We have seen a forty percent increase in our
dians, explorers, homesteaders, miners, and dude species, and scores of smaller animals. The park visitation over the last five years. In 2017, we were
ranchers have used the area at one time or an- provides refuge for about 60 mammal species the fourth most visited national park. Park man-
other. Rocky Mountain National Park was and more than 280 recorded bird species. agers will continue to address what effect this
created in 1915. It is one of the oldest national level of visitation is having on visitor and staff
parks in the United States. It was set aside to 4. Vocable: In what way does the Rocky safety, resource protection, visitor experiences
preserve the high-elevation ecosystems and Mountain National Park stand out from other and operational capacity.
wilderness character of the southern Rocky national parks?
Mountains within its borders and to provide the K.P.: Rocky Mountain National Park provides 6. Vocable: What kind of activities can we do in
freest recreational use of and access to the park’s exceptional access to wild places for visitors to Rocky Mountain National Park?
natural features. recreate and experience solitude and outstand- K.P.: Rocky Mountain National Park has over 350
ing scenic beauty. Trail Ridge Road, the highest miles of established trails. This park is an amaz-
2. Vocable: What about the geography continuous paved road in the United States, and ing hiking destination. It also draws anglers,
of the park? the park’s extensive trail system bring visitors photographers, rock climbers and sightseers.
K.P.: Rocky Mountain National Park encom- to the doorstep of a variety of wilderness-based Camping is also popular in the park. The park
passes 265,761 acres or 415 square miles. Nearly recreational opportunities. The dramatic eleva- has five front country campgrounds open in the
one-third of the park is above tree line, or higher tion range within the park boundary, allows for summer and over 250 wilderness camp sites. All
than 11,400 feet in elevation. Protecting and varied plant and animal communities. of these camping locations require permits. In
preserving the tundra is one of the main reasons the winter snowshoeing is popular. ●
the park was set aside. 118 named peaks are above 5. Vocable: How do you preserve this beautiful
10,000 feet, and seventy-two rise above 12,000 land and wildlife? to address prendre en considération.
feet. Glaciers and flowing fresh water carved K.P.: The National Park Service preserves unim-
6. angler pêcheur à la ligne / rock climber alpiniste /
the landscapes of the park. The park is the head- paired the natural and cultural resources of the front country campground aire de camping aménagée
waters of several river systems including the national park system for the enjoyment and edu- et à proximité d'une route /to snowshoe faire de la
Colorado River and the Cache la Poudre. cation of people, including future generations. randonnée en raquette.
All of our management decisions weigh this
3. Vocable: What kind of vegetation and wildlife mission. It can be a challenging balance to achieve! Merci à l'Office du tourisme du Colorado et
à Norwegian d'avoir rendu ce voyage possible.
can we spot there?
lush abondant, riche / riparian riverain (qui se trouve à

1. to be, was, been home to abriter / homesteader proximité d'un cours d'eau) / stream cours d’eau / to
(US) colon (exploitant une concession agricole) / dude mingle with se mêler à / meadow prairie / premier plus SUR LE BOUT DE LA LANGUE
rancher (US) propriétaire de ranch éducatif (un dude important / to showcase montrer ici, abriter / elk élan /
ranch est un ranch reconverti en structure touristique) / to bighorn sheep mouflon d'Amérique / mule deer cerf
set, set, set aside mettre de côté ici, protéger, préserver / hémione / moose orignal / mountain lion puma / Score (§ 3)
high-elevation de haute altitude / wilderness ici, scores of une multitude de / mammal (de) mammifère / Il n'y a pas qu'au football que l'on
sauvage / within its borders ici, dans son périmètre / recorded ici, connu, répertorié. parle de score.
feature caractéristique, particularité. 4. to stand, stood, stood out se distinguer / to score est aussi un ancien mot pour
2. to encompass ici, s'étendre sur / acre arpent (0,4 ha) / recreate ici, se détendre / outstanding exceptionnel, désigner vingt ou une vingtaine :
square mile mile carré (2,56 km²) / tree line limite des remarquable / trail piste / extensive vaste, étendu / to a score of people une vingtaine de
arbres (limite de l'habitat dans lequel les arbres sont the doorstep of ici, tout près de / dramatic personnes
capables de se développer) / foot (pl. feet) pied (30,48 spectaculaire / elevation range ici, différences d'altitude three score and ten soixante-dix
cm) / fresh water eau douce / to carve sculpter / / boundary limite, frontière. scores of times des dizaines de fois
landscape paysage / to be the headwaters of abriter 5. unimpaired intact / to weigh ici, prendre en compte / there were scores of mistakes il y
les sources de / river system système fluvial. challenging difficile, délicat / balance équilibre / to avait des tas de fautes.
3. wildlife faune / to spot apercevoir / achieve réaliser, atteindre /
VOCABLE Du 12 juillet au 5 septembre 2018 • 11

Société I Guerre commerciale I ETATS-UNIS / CANADA I  B2-C1
A row of flower pots

delineates the border
between Stanstead, Quebec,
and Derby Line, Vermont.
(Yoon Byun/The New York Times)
THE NEW YORK TIMES JESS BIDGOOD
A BORDER TOWN WHERE

PETUNIAS SPLIT COUNTRIES
Canada-États-Unis : une frontière délimitée par... des pétunias
En imposant au Canada des tarifs douaniers prohibitifs sur les exportations d’acier et d’aluminium vers
les Etats-Unis, Donald Trump a provoqué l’ire de Justin Trudeau. Depuis quelques semaines, les deux
leaders se livrent une guerre économique et médiatique sans merci. Mais à Derby Line, petite ville du
Vermont située à la frontière canadienne, les relations entre communautés frontalières sont plus Derby Line
cordiales que jamais...
D ERBY LINE, Vt. — Parts of the

United States border are marked
with tall metal fencing. Other stretches are
outlined by snaking rivers. Then there is
dian or American,” said Roland Roy, a phar-
macist and the chairman of the local board of
trustees, whom everyone calls Buzz. “They’re
just our neighbors.”
Canada. After Trudeau warned of retalia-
tory tariffs, Trump used Twitter to call him
“very dishonest & weak,” and a Trump
adviser suggested there was a “special place
Church Street in this tiny community in in hell” for Trudeau.
northern Vermont, where the Canadian 3. So it has been jarring for the residents
border is delineated with nine pots of pink of Derby Line to suddenly find their nation NEIGHBOURLY RELATIONSHIPS
and purple petunias and a sign ordering at odds with the one on the other side of 4. It was all too much for Roy, who said he
people not to cross. the flowers. Some residents said they was exasperated by what he had seen, par-
watched with a sense of rising discomfort ticularly from the American side. “We depend
2. Even the cheerful strip of flowers represents as a gathering by leaders of the Group of 7 on each other for trade, for security, for
a starker split between the countries than nations [last month] devolved into open everything,” he said, at his meticulously or-
some people in this old border village would grousing between President Donald Trump ganized pharmacy. “You just don’t treat your
prefer. “We don’t really look at them as Cana- and Prime Minister Justin Trudeau of friends that way.”
1. Vt. = Vermont / border frontière / fencing clôture / chairman président / board of trustees conseil to warn sb of sth menacer qqn de qqch / retaliatory en
stretch portion, section / to outline ici, délimiter / d'administration. représailles / tariff droit de douane / adviser conseiller /
snaking serpentant / to delineate présenter, énoncer 3. jarring déstabilisant, troublant / at odds en désaccord hell enfer.
(en détail) / sign panneau. / rising grandissant / discomfort malaise, gêne / 4. neighbourly (GB), neighborly (US) de voisinage.
2. cheerful agréable, plaisant / strip bande / stark dur, gathering ici, sommet / to devolve into dégénérer en /
sévère / split séparation / grousing récriminations /
Retrouvez plus d’infos dans la newsletter Vocable www.vocable.fr/newsletter
5. Borders can be places where tension bubbles

over and international skirmishes begin. But, SUR LE BOUT DE LA LANGUE
at least for now, the tiff between Trump and
Trudeau seemed no match for the bond be-
to upset the applecart
tween Derby Line and Stanstead, Quebec.
(§9) tout ficher par terre
After all, this is a place where the library and
theater building was purposely constructed D'autres expressions ou l’on parle de
"pommes" :
Le 10 juillet
to straddle the border; you can change coun-
he's/it's the apple of my eye je tiens
tries just by walking across the room. The à lui / j'y tiens comme à la prunelle de
lines, too, are blurred when it comes to the
local hockey league, the curling club and even
mes yeux
one bad or rotten apple can spoil
Nouveau supplément
cinéma en V.O.
the water and sewer system. Lives are lived the whole barrel une brebis galeuse
across two countries. suffit à contaminer tout le troupeau
the two things are apples and
AFTER 9/11 oranges on ne peut pas comparer
deux choses si différentes
MARY SHELLEY
6. When security was ramped up after the
terrorist attacks of September 11, 2001, cross-
ing the border became more cumbersome. Not
far from the line of flowers, there is an official
border crossing complete with booths, cus-
çois Paquette, a Quebecois, pulled up to the
gas station bays. He crosses the border once a
de Haifaa Al-Mansour
toms officials and government SUVs. Roy was week, he said, just for gas.
himself briefly taken into custody several
years ago after walking over the border to buy IN FOR BUSINESS En salles
a pizza, and then crossing it twice more to 8. The business is welcome in this region of le 8 août 2018
prove a point. The episode yielded the headline Vermont, which struggles with high rates of
“Local Man Jailed For Crossing Street” and led poverty and unemployment compared with the
locals to don pins that read “Free Buzzy Roy.” state overall. And all the talk of political ten-
sions, tariffs and a renegotiation of the North des langues,
Label européen e pour
prix d’excellenc
l’enseignement
l’innovation dans des langues
et l’apprentissage Erasmus +
7. But added security has by no means stopped American Free Trade Agreement is certainly a
décerné par l’agenceFormation
France / Education
the crossover traffic. Canadians come to Ver- topic of intense interest and concern. Tim Le suppléme
nt cinéma de
mont to find cheap gas, milk and the closest Shearer, 48, a nurse from Quebec who said he F E
TEI N
A N N
I N G
PYRAMIDE PRÉSENTE
E L L
Walmart. Americans head to Quebec for tasty is able to work in Vermont because of NAFTA, À 18 AN
S, EL LE
ET RÉ VO
ÉC RIT FR
LU TIO NN
AN KE NS RE
E LA LIT
TÉ RA TU
butter and their preferred ginger ale. “We’re wonders how the trade discussions could affect Un film de Haifa
a Al-M ansour
a natural family,” said Howard Hale, 55, a sales him. “That’s what worries me the most, wheth-
s
Dans les salle
le 8 août 2018 vrir le
s pour décou
4 pages en anglai du film et une
que
clerk at the gas station near the border cross- er I am going to have job security,” he said.
contexte histori
réalisateur.
interview du
ing. Hale is also a firefighter in Derby Line,

which has a mutual aid agreement to help 9. Warm relations are a matter of constant
fight fires with towns in Canada. Jean-Fran- attention. Just this week, Bruce James, who
owns a group of radio stations and is the head
of the North Country Chamber of Commerce, ELLEY
M A RY S H D E
ordered new signs, in English and French, for

M R FILMS
POUR RALFISH
F I L S O U JULIETTE FILMS WILLIAMS ET TOM STURRIDGE
U N AVEC BEL POWLEY
M A N UNE COPRODUCTION
METROL TECHNOLOGYFROGGATT BEN HARDY MAISIE ORLAGH COLLINS DAVID GRUMBACH
A L -
F A A HEAD GEAR FILMS ET JOANNE RUTH COADY P.G.A.
H A I FILM FUND LUXEMBOURG BOOTH STEPHEN DILLANE LEVITT COPRODUCTEURS
AUX ÉTATS-UNIS HEIDI P.G.A. ALAN MOLONEY P.G.A.
IRISH FILM BOARDSHELLEY ” ELLE FANNING DOUGLASHUBBARD, CSA ET SIMON COX CASTING PRODUIT
HÉIREANN / THEPHIQUES BAER
BORD SCANNÁN NA “ MARY AMY AMIN PAR AMY
REBECCA MILLER MARK
5. to bubble over ici, sourdre, jaillir / skirmish

EN ASSOCIATION AVEC COPRODUCTIO NS CINÉMATOGRA
MUSIQUE AMELIA
WARNER CASTING AU ROYAUME-UNI
JOANNIE BURSTEINRÉALISÉ PAR HAIFAA AL-MANSOUR
FILMS ET GIDDEN MEDIA SUR LES CAROLINE KOENER COMPTON ROSS EMMA JENSENHAIFAA
UNE PRODUCTION PARALLELVERTU DE LA CONVENTION EUROPÉENNE PAKI SMITH COSTUMES HUNT AL-MANSOUR
- ROYAUME-UNI EN
IRLANDE - LUXEMBOURG UNGARO, A.F.C. MONTAGE ALEX
MACKIE, A.C.E. DÉCORSISABEL DAVIS CHARLES AUTY PHIL SCÉNARIO EMMA JENSEN/ JULIETTETEXTESFILMSADDITIONNELS
SA / PARALLEL (STORM)
LIMITED / THE BRITISH
FILM INSTITUTE 2017
BAKER
the welcome center in a nearby community.

DAVID WATSON MATTHEW
•1
UNE COPRODUCTION (STORM) LIMITED
© PARALLEL FILMS
DIRECTEUR DE LA PHOTOGRAPHIE JOHANNA HOGAN PETER
au X mois 2015
PRODUCTEURS DÉLÉGUÉS
VOCABLE Du X
CRÉATION
escarmouche, querelle / tiff prise de bec, querelle / no

match for qui ne peut rivaliser avec / bond lien / theater (They read “Welcome” and “Bienvenue.”) James
(US) = theatre (GB) / purposely intentionnellement / to said his organization also is planning work-
straddle enjamber / to blur brouiller, estomper / water shops to teach local workers French phrases.
and sewer system système d'alimentation en eau et “They know we don’t have anything against
d'égout. 4 pages en anglais
Canadians, that we don’t have any issues, that
6. to ramp up accroître / cumbersome peu commode,
we don’t want to do anything to upset their dédiées à l’auteure
contraignant / booth ici, baraque / customs official
douanier / SUV = sport-utility vehicle 4x4 / to take, took, apple carts,” James said. l de FRANKENSTEIN
taken into custody placer en garde à vue / to prove a
point prouver un argument, ses dires / to yield donner
lieu à / headline gros titre (journal) / to jail emprisonner /
local habitant du coin / to don revêtir, arborer / pin to pull up s’arrêter (en voiture) / bay ici, pompe.
badge. 8. to be in for (fam.) être partant pour / to struggle se
7. by no means aucunement / crossover ici, de part et débattre / rate taux / unemployment chômage / Téléchargement gratuit
d'autre de la frontière / traffic circulation / gas = gasoline
essence / Walmart chaîne de supermarchés / to head to
aller à / tasty savoureux / ginger ale boisson gazeuse au
North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA)
ALENA (accord de libre-échange nord-américain). sur www.vocable.fr
9. matter question, affaire / nearby situé à proximité /
gingembre / sales clerk (US) = sales assistant (GB) workshop atelier / to upset, set, set the apple cart
vendeur / firefighter pompier / jouer les trouble-fêtes.

Société I Concours de beauté I ETATS-UNIS I  B2-C1
NIVEAU BASIQUE DU SUPPLÉMENT SONORE
Aux Etats-Unis, comme dans bien d'autres pays, les canons de beauté ont
considérablement évolué au cours du siècle dernier. Petit tour d'horizon
avec notre animatrice Shelly De Vito.
CD audio ou téléchargement MP3 (sur abonnement)
THE ECONOMIST
MISS AMERICA WRAPS UP

Miss America se rhabille (to wrap up se couvrir, s'emmitoufler)
Le mois dernier, le concours de beauté télévisé « Miss America », créé en 1921, a annoncé que son épreuve du défilé en maillots de bain
allait être remplacée par une autre épreuve non centrée sur le physique. Avec cette décision, le concours souhaite s’inscrire dans le
mouvement Me Too, mais les spectateurs seront-ils toujours au rendez-vous ? Féminisme et concours de beauté sont-ils compatibles ?
O N JUNE 5th Miss America an-

nounced that it would ditch the bi-
kinis and become a “competition”, rather than
a pageant. “We will no longer judge our candi-
ments and goals in life and
how she will use her talents
[...] to perform the job of
Miss America”.
5. Yet still the question remains: what is the
point of an empowered Miss America, if that
really is what the organisers have in mind? It
may no longer be acceptable to have young
dates on their outward physical appearance,” women parade in bikinis, but the appeal of that
announced Gretchen Carlson, the chairwoman #METOO spectacle is at least comprehensible. Launched
of Miss America’s board of directors, and a 4. This change was prompt- to attract tourists to Atlantic City, New Jersey,
former Miss America (1989). “That’s huge.” ed by the #MeToo move- during Labour Day weekend, the pageant has
ment, in which Ms Carlson latterly relied on a heavily-male television
QUESTIONS has played a lead part. In 2016 audience, though its viewership
2. This begs more questions than it answers. she sued Roger Ailes, then has declined in recent years. Are
Ever since the pageant was launched in 1921, chairman of Fox News, for there as many viewers who
with the aim of finding “The Most Beautiful sexual harassment, which led want to watch a bunch of
Bathing Girl in America”, its winners have been to his downfall. In January she random young women
united by nothing except their physical attrac- was appointed to head the talking about Snapchat?
tiveness. If that no longer matters then what board of the Miss America Or- Probably not. l
does? Ms Carlson’s response to this was un- ganisation after it was tainted by
clear. What woman, she asked, in defence of an unpleasant scandal: the or-
the post-beauty pageant, “doesn’t want to be ganisation’s former chief executive 5. yet still et pourtant /
empowered, learn leadership skills, [...] and be was alleged to have made nasty and to remain demeurer,
able to show the world who you are as a person misogynistic comments about for- subsister / point ici,
from the inside of your soul?” mer contestants. The announcement intérêt / in mind à
of a new, more enlightened Miss l'esprit, en tête / appeal
attrait, popularité /
3. In place of the bikini parade, a contestant in America is an attempt to get away Labour Day fête du
Miss America 2.0, as the show is to be called, from all that. Travail (aux États-Unis et
will “take part in a live interactive session with au Canada, fixée au premier
the judges, where she will highlight her achieve- lundi de septembre) /
latterly récemment,
achievement réussite, succès / to
dernièrement / to rely on
perform accomplir, mener à bien.
dépendre de, reposer sur /
1. to ditch abandonner, laisser tomber / pageant 4. to prompt déclencher, provoquer / audience public; ici,
concours de beauté / no longer ne... plus / outward lead part rôle principal; ici, rôle majeur / téléspectateurs /
extérieur / chairwoman présidente / board of directors to sue poursuivre en justice / viewership ici, audimat /
conseil d'administration / former ancien, ex- / huge harassment harcèlement / downfall bunch bande / random
énorme. chute / to appoint nommer / to au hasard; ici, inconnu, sorti
2. to beg ici, poser, soulever / ever since depuis que / aim head diriger, présider / to taint ternir, de nulle part / Snapchat
(sin. goal) but, objectif / bathing baignade (ici, en maillot entacher / chief executive directeur application de partage de
de bain) / attractiveness charme, beauté / to matter général / to allege présumer; ici, photos et de vidéos.
compter, avoir de l’importance / empowered émancipé, soupçonner / nasty désagréable,
sûr de soi, confiant / skill compétence / soul âme. déplacé, méchant / enlightened Miss North Dakota Cara
éclairé; ici, large d'esprit, progressiste / Mund wins the 97th Miss
3. contestant candidat / to highlight mettre en avant, America Competition,
attempt tentative, effort.
souligner / September 2017. (SIPA)
Sous le haut patronage de
Monsieur Emmanuel MACRON
Président de la République
DAKAR
© Agence Erasmus+ France / Education et Formation
WWW.ERASMUSDAYS.EU
VOCABLE Du 10 au 24 décembre 2015 • 15

À 360°
Le tour du monde en V.O.
Retrouvez plus d’infos dans la newsletter Vocable www.vocable.fr/newsletter
(Istock)
Brexit-related
anxieties
In the United Kingdom, psychotherapists
are offering free sessions to EU citizens
residing there. The citizens are entitled to 10
free sessions, online or over the phone. The
service, known as “Emotional Support
Service for Europeans”, was launched in
June 2017 in order to help people with
(Boris Grdanoski/AP/SIPA)
Brexit-related anxieties, and has proven
very popular.
session séance / EU = European Union / citizen
citoyen / to be entitled to avoir droit à.
End of a long dispute

On June 12th, Greece and the Republic of Macedonia announced that they finally
came to an agreement regarding the name of the latter country: it will be re-
named “North Macedonia.” Both countries had been arguing over this for nearly
30 years. Greece, which has a province called Macedonia, tried to stop the Repub-
lic of Macedonia from adopting this name when Yugoslavia broke up in 1991,
(Kenny Karpov/AP/SIPA)
claiming that it hid territorial claims against the Greek province. Thanks to this
agreement, Macedonia will most likely be allowed to join the European Union
and NATO, as its progress has been blocked by Greece.
dispute querelle, différend / to come, came, come to an agreement parvenir à un accord / latter second,
dernier (de deux) / to argue se quereller, se disputer / to break, broke, broken up ici, éclater / to claim affirmer /
territorial claims revendications territoriales / NATO = North Atlantic Treaty Organization, OTAN. Finally safe
Last month, the rescue ship Aquarius —
operated by the charities SOS Méditerranée
Distracted walking and Médecins Sans Frontières — reached
the port of Valencia, in Spain, after eight
A huge shopping mall located in the Chinese city of
days of a difficult journey because of rough
Xi’an has implemented a new strategy to protect
seas and being denied entry to several
pedestrians who are glued to their cellphones:
countries. The ship, which transported 630
pedestrian lanes specifically for cellphone users. The
migrants rescued off the coast of Libya, was
lane is painted with messages urging pedestrians to
not given permission to dock either in Italy
look up. “Distracted walking,” as the WHO calls it, has
or in Malta. Spain’s prime minister, Pedro
lead to thousands of pedestrian deaths in China.
Sánchez, accepted to take the migrants in
distracted distrait / shopping mall centre commercial / to to avert “a humanitarian catastrophe.”
be located être situé / to implement mettre en place /
pedestrian piéton / WHO = World Health Organisation / rescue (de) sauvetage / ship navire / to operate
to be glued to être scotché à / cellphone (US) = mobile ici, affréter / charity organisation caritative /
phone (GB) / pedestrian lane voie piétonne / to urge journey ici, parcours, périple / rough ici, agité / to
(Istock)
exhorter / to look up lever les yeux. deny refuser / off the coast of au large de / to
dock amarrer ici, jeter l’ancre / to avert éviter.

www.vocable.fr
PRATIC’ABLE
Vocabulaire, expressions et astuces pour parler comme un Anglais…
AUGUSTIN HABRAN
La bière
Impossible d’aller au Royaume-Uni sans écumer les pubs !
Qu’il soit amateur de bière ou non, aucun voyageur ne
comprendra vraiment la culture locale sans s’être retrouvé
avec une pinte à la main !
Vocabulaire clé
(ISTOCK)
abbey abbaye half pint demi-pinte
alcohol alcool home-made fait-maison
alcohol by volume degré hop houblon
d’alcool inn auberge Retrouvez cette fiche de vocabulaire lue sur
aroma arôme jug pichet le CD lecture et son commentaire sur la
beer bière partie basique du CD conversation.
lager, light ale bière blonde
bitterness amertume CD audio ou téléchargement MP3
local local
blond blonde
oat avoine
body corps
bottle bouteille
organic bio
pint pinte
Bon à savoir
brand marque
producer producteur
brewer brasseur La bière et les pubs font partie intégrante de la culture
pub (public house) pub anglaise. Il existe de nombreuses variétés de bières mais
brewery brasserie
refreshing rafraîchissant on peut tout de même les diviser en deux catégories : les
brewing brassage lagers, bières à fermentation basse, et les ales et
roasting torréfaction
brown ale, brown beer, stout porters, bières à fermentation haute.
bière brune sour aigre La IPA (Indian Pale Ale) est très tendance en ce
bubble bulle sour ale, wild ale bière moment. Il s’agit d’une bière anglaise développée au
sauvage XVIIIème siècle pour l’exportation vers les colonies,
can cannette
starch amidon notamment l’Inde. C’est pourquoi elle est plus forte en
cask, barrel fût alcool et en houblon. Elle est néanmoins plus claire que
strong fort(e)
contract beer bière d’étiquette les autres ales et porters.
tap robinet Aux États-Unis, vous aurez certainement l’occasion de
counter comptoir
draught (GB) draft (US) beer
tavern taverne boire de la Bud, bière blonde très légère et pas chère. Et
bière pression wheat blé elle existe en version light (Bud Light) ! Un classique
pour les matchs !
drunk ivre wheat beer bière blanche
foam mousse yeast levure
Testez-vous
Expressions à retenir Associez chaque mot de la première liste
I’ll have a pint of Guinness please. Je voudrais une Guinness s’il
avec un mot de la seconde :
vous plaît. 1- bubble a- cap
May I taste it? Puis-je la goûter ? 2- draft b- tap
Let’s have a beer! Allez, on prend une bière ! 3- Guinness c- foam
I could use a beer! J’aurais bien besoin d’une bière ! 4- bottle d- hammered
This beer is way too strong for me. Cette bière est beaucoup trop 5- aroma e- dark
forte pour moi. 6- wasted f- malt
I’m a bit tipsy… Je suis un peu pompette…
I’m totally wasted! Je suis complètement torché ! SOLUTIONS : 1-c ; 2-b ; 3-e ; 4-a ; 5-f ; 6-d.

PRATIC’ABLE / Grammaire
JOAN GREENWOOD
Les différentes fonctions de “could”

Piqûre de rappel
Quelques fonctions de could :
1 Quelles fonctions de la « Piqûre de rappel » correspondent
Probability:
à ces phrases tirées des articles de Vocable ?
They could lose everything. 1. He could have said, ‘America should be about love instead of hate,’ he could
Ability: have told America’s citizens and the world the U.S. won’t tolerate hate, won’t
I could see him through the window. tolerate racism, but he didn’t do it. ___________________
Impossibility: 2. M
y grandmother taught art in Georgia for 50 years, 50 years when white
I couldn’t go out last night. I had too much work. students couldn’t get the benefit of her teaching because of Jim Crow.
Asking permission: ___________________
Could I borrow your phone?
3. I t was an option for me to return to drinking, and I’d think about how I could do it.
Making a suggestion: ___________________
We could invite Robert.
Asking someone to do something:
4. If anything it could arouse suspicions. ___________________
Could you pass me that paper, please? 5. He could have knocked it out of the park, but he swung and missed.
Opportunity: ___________________
I could have gone to university but I preferred to
6. B
efore we could communicate verbally, we had to communicate with our faces.
do an apprenticeship.
___________________
7. T
im Shearer wonders how the trade discussions could affect him.
___________________
2 Complétez les phrases avec
“could”, “couldn’t”, “could SOLUTIONS : 1.Opportunity 2.Impossibility 3.Ability 4.Possibility 5.Opportunity 6.Ability 7.Probability
have” ou “couldn’t have”.

1. H
e told us he ........................ come because his
parents were visiting that weekend.
2. You ........................ apply for that job. You’re
suitably qualified.
3. T
hey ........................ been there! I would have
seen them!
4. They ........................ phoned us to tell us they
would be late! Retrouvez Yves Cotten sur et-compagnie.blogspot.fr
5. J ohn ........................ drive you to the station.
He goes past it on his way to work.
6. H
ow ........................ you say such a thing!
7. H
e ........................ meant what he said.
8. I ........................ done much more if I had had
the time.
5. could 6. could 7. couldn’t have 8. could have

SOLUTIONS : 1. couldn’t 2. could 3. couldn’t have 4. could have
sur www.vocable.fr
Retrouvez beaucoup plus d'exercices de
grammaire, d'orthographe et de culture
générale sur notre site internet !

/ Prononciation & Orthographe Retrouvez plus d’infos sur www.vocable.fr
Soignez votre orthographe en

tendant l’oreille
Faut-il écrire “ie” ou “ei” ?
Les écoliers anglais apprennent “i” before “e” except after “c” (exemples: belief, ceiling )... mais ce n’est pas
aussi facile que ça ! Tout dépend de la prononciation de la syllabe contenant le “ei”ou le “ie”... et il y a des
exceptions à la règle !
Le saviez-vous ?
1 riez les mots ci-dessous selon la prononciation de la syllabe
T Décidément, tout en
contenant “ie” ou “ei” .
Angleterre est “royal” !
weight conscience patient surfeit counterfeit eiderdown height The RSPB
series siege review sovereign grief died priest sieve conceit (voir l’article page 29 § 9 Amy
leisure reign protein hieroglyphics forfeit diesel eight Liptrot interview )
friend weird patience seize lieutenant (GB) receipt est l’abréviation de Royal
Society for the Protection of
lieutenant (US) ancient yield mischief perceive in lieu of lied
Birds.
view freight Fahrenheit beige
RSPCA
Royal Society for the
creek day hit ice best hunt you
Prevention of Cruelty to
…………… …………… …………… …………… …………… …………… …………… Animals
…………… …………… …………… …………… …………… …………… ……………
RHS
…………… …………… …………… …………… exceptions …………… …………… Royal Horticultural Society
…………… …………… …………… exceptions …………… …………… ……………
RSA
…………… …………… exceptions …………… Royal Society of Arts
after “c” …………… …………… RS
…………… …………… …………… Royal Society
…………… …………… Sauf NSPCC
…………… National Society for the
Prevention of Cruelty to
weird
exceptions protein
seize Children.
…………… exceptions
……………
conceit
mischief receipt
……………
hieroglyphics sieve perceive
lied series after "c"
died exceptions siege freight
view patient leisure exceptions counterfeit yield weight
review patience exceptions height forfeit priest reign
lieutenant (US) conscience lieutenant (GB) Fahrenheit surfeit grief eight
sur www.vocable.fr
in lieu of ancient friend eiderdown sovereign diesel beige
you hunt best ice hit creek day
SOLUTIONS : générale sur notre site internet !

PRATIC’ABLE / Vocabulaire www.vocable.fr
Jeux de mots
A retenir
1 What makes us smile? 5 mots à mémoriser
Voici les explications données dans l’article à la page 30 (The meaning of a
smile).
dans ce numéro
Remplacez les  par des mots et reportez-les sur la grille. telephone booth
There are 17 pairs of  (1) controlling expression in the human  (2), plus the cabine téléphonique
orbicularis oris, a ring that goes around the  (3). When the  (4) decides to  (5), meadows
a message is sent out over the sixth and seventh cranial  (6). These branch across prairies
each side of the  (2) from the  (7) to the  (8), connecting to a combination of
streams
muscles controlling the  (9),  (10),  (11) and  (12).
rivières
Darwin writes “A  (5) may be said to be the first stage in the development of a 
(13) or perhaps the smile is instead the remnant of  (14) .” customs officials
douaniers
Some scientists theorise that smiles – as well as  (15) and other facial
expressions – are remnants of humanity’s distant pre-linguistic heritage. hip branché
Language almost certainly started with a  (5)
13 11
4
L'expression idiomatique
7
Les expressions anglaises et
8
françaises ont souvent un
2 1
même sens, qui n’est pas
3 12
toujours exprimé avec les
15
mêmes mots :
6
to stand on one’s own two
14 feet
9 voler de ses propres ailes
5 S M I L E
it cost me an arm and a leg
cela m’a coûté la peau des fesses
10
he didn’t turn a hair
il n’a pas sourcillé
she’s a pain in the neck
forehead 13.laugh 14.laughter 15.frowns
SOLUTIONS : 1.muscles 2.face 3.mouth 4.brain 5.smile 6.nerves 7.eyebrows 8.chin 9.lips 10.nose 11.eyes 12.
elle est casse-pieds
2 he knows it like the back of his

Q
uelles activités vous attendent au Rocky Mountain National
Park (voir l’article page 10) ? hand
Démêlez les mots pour les trouver :
il le connait par cœur
ghinki inlngag cokr gimicbln mapncig

ohahyptgrop esigghtsein
sur www.vocable.fr
générale sur notre site internet !
SOLUTIONS : hiking, angling, rock climbing, camping, photography, sightseeing
Ne manquez pas dans le prochain numéro la nouvelle page PRATIC’ABLE : La rentrée universitaire

Enjeux I Politique I ETATS-UNIS I  B2-C1
Donald Trump Jr. attends the annual White House Easter Egg Roll, April 2, 2018. (Andrew Harnik/AP/SIPA)
THE GUARDIAN DAVID TAYLOR
DONALD TRUMP JR IS
REVERED BY THE RIGHT
Donald Trump Jr est vénéré par la droite
Donald Trump Jr, fils ainé du président des Etats-Unis, à la tête de la Trump Organization, a plus d’une corde à son arc. Amis
puissants, charisme et connivence avec d’influents lobbies politiques, rien ne lui fait défaut, et beaucoup pensent qu’il est promis
à une brillante carrière politique. Seule ombre au tableau ? L’enquête du FBI qui s’intéresse à lui à propos de la possible collusion
entre la campagne de son père et la Russie... Alors, la relève est-elle vraiment assurée ?
D onald Trump Jr is a man under pres-

sure, but also in fierce demand. To
sworn enemies of Trump World he is at the
centre of everything objectionable – from al-
away from the firestorm that is the ongoing
Robert Mueller Russia investigation, the presi-
dent’s eldest son is building a considerable
conservative fanbase. This constituency sees
lionaire Tommy Hicks Jr. And America’s millions
of hunters and shooters adore him on social
media and regularly exhort him to run in 2024.
leged election campaign collusion with Russia him as an authentic figure with a political future BUILDING HIS PROFILE
and the Trump Organization’s pursuit of glob- – assuming he can get out from under the Mu- 3. Now he is preparing to step out as a star turn
al wealth to aggressive trolling of liberals on eller investigation. He is also becoming an effec- for Republicans who have shown fealty to the
social media. tive political fundraiser with the support of Trump agenda as they fight for their political
wealthy loyalist friends like fellow son of a bil- lives in November’s crucial midterm elections.
2. But, in a parallel political universe, there are He is busy building his own profile. >>>
the millions of Americans who love him. And,
2. firestorm tollé / ongoing en cours / investigation
enquête / eldest aîné / constituency électeurs (aussi, billionaire milliardaire / hunter chasseur / shooter tireur
1. pressure pression / fierce ici, (très) fort / to swear, circonscription) / to see, saw, seen ici, considérer / figure (to shoot, shot, shot tirer) / to exhort sb to encourager
swore, sworn jurer / objectionable critiquable / alleged personnage, personnalité / assuming pour autant/à qn à / to run, ran, run ici, se présenter aux élections.
présumé / collusion connivence, conspiration / wealth condition (que) / to get, got, got out from under ici, sortir 3. to step out faire une apparition / star turn ici, invité
richesse / to troll polluer les forums de messages (plus ou moins) indemne de / effective efficace / vedette / fealty fidélité / agenda programme (politique) /
provocateurs. fundraiser collecteur de fonds / fellow ici, comme lui / midterm elections élections de mi-mandat / own propre.

Enjeux I Politique I ETATS-UNIS I  B2-C1 Une suggestion ? écrivez-nous sur monavis@vocable.fr
>>> 4. Trump Jr will headline an August fund- 6. While he has been de facto head of the fam- done,” he said. “And as far as I am concerned, Don
raiser in a private Long Island mansion for New ily firm since “the big guy”, as he calls his father, Jr is probably the best thing that has ever hap-
York congressman Lee Zeldin, who has been a became president, Trump Jr seems to more pened to conservation and wildlife in the past 100
vocal critic of the Mueller investigation and commonly have his next outdoor adventure in years.” Asked if he thought Trump Jr wanted to
who has joined a group of House Republicans his sights. As his 1.1 million Instagram follow- run for office himself, Siaperis said: “Yeah, that’s
in calling for a rival special counsel inquiry into ers know, Trump Jr was up a mountain in Utah his goal. I don’t have those conversations with
the Department of Justice and the FBI. Boyd spending “quality time in the woods” with a him, but from my standpoint, if he ever decided
Matheson, Republican strategist and a former group of friends, when the latest wave of scru- to do that, that would be the most important vote
congressional chief of staff, said of Trump Jr: tiny hit his complicated life I ever cast in my lifetime.”
“From the Republican party standpoint, he very amid revelations of a previ-
much is the guy. He can be the face, he can go ously unknown meeting with
Black hair slicked THE NEXT IN LINE?
out with the hunters.” people seeking access to his back, cries of 9. Trump Jr has laughed off ear-
father. His Instagram pictures “Trump, Trump” lier suggestions he might run
QUESTION MARKS show him dressed in full cam- ringing in his to become governor of New
5. But it is not all plain sailing. Many conserva- ouflage Kuiu mountain gear at York. But for some observers, he
tive groups are wary of getting too close not 10,000ft, then meeting Robert
ears, he seemed has given the impression ever
because of the question marks over Trump Jr, J O’Neill, the former US Navy like a more since he gave an antagonistic
Matheson said. “Some of them are waiting for Seal who fired the shot that controlled speech at the 2016 Republican
the next shoe to drop. Has he done something killed Osama bin Laden version of his convention in Cleveland, that
that’s beyond unethical or moral, has he broken (prompting social media fans he thought he might be the next
laws, done things that are gonna be big issues?” to bill them as a 2024 election
father. in line in a great political dy-
dream team). Trump may have nasty. Black hair slicked back,
4. to headline être la vedette de / mansion grande been in a shirt monogrammed with his initials cries of “Trump, Trump, Trump” ringing in his
demeure, villa / congressman membre du Congrès / vocal for that one but he is authentically rugged. ears, he seemed like a more controlled version
véhément, virulent / critic détracteur / House = House of of his father – just as pugnacious, but more
Representatives Chambre des représentants / Special HUNTERS AND NRA MEMBERS packaged.
Counsel investigation (= inquiry) enquête, confiée à un
7. There are 11.5 million hunters in the United
procureur spécial (special counsel), sur la campagne
présidentielle de Donald Trump en 2016 et toute ingérence States and Trump Jr treats them as his con- 10. For now, however, special counsel Mueller
de la Russie dans les élections américaines / former ancien stituency, along with the National Rifle Asso- is still circling, investigating his role in possible
/ standpoint point de vue / guy ici, homme de la situation. ciation supporters of the second amendment collusion between Russia and the Trump elec-
5. question mark point d'interrogation / to be plain right to bear arms. Mike Siaperas, who has tion campaign. Trump Jr brokered that Trump
sailing marcher comme sur des roulettes, être sans heurt / known Trump Jr since election year, hosted Tower meeting with Russians who had prom-
wary méfiant / to get, got, got close se rapprocher; ici, him at his ranch in south-eastern Utah this ised to deliver damaging dirt on Hillary Clin-
s'affilier à / over ici, au sujet de / to wait for the [other] month, where his company 106 Reforestation ton, emailing a fixer: “If it’s what you say, I love
shoe to drop attendre le prochain événement inévitable/
inéluctable / beyond au-delà de / to break, broke,
pioneers techniques for clearing and regrowing it.” Further emails showed that when the
broken ici, enfreindre / law loi / gonna = going to / issue Aspen trees at high altitude, to encourage meeting eventually came to light, the Trump
problème. wildlife and prevent catastrophic wildfires. Organization coordinated with the Russians
involved on what to tell the public. But Trump
8. “My whole work has been based on conserva- Jr drives on, full of #Maga #winning bravado,
tion the past five to 10 years, and Don Jr was slaying the haters and losers as his father’s
SUR LE BOUT DE LA LANGUE gracious enough to come and see the work I have greatest online cheerleader. l
it's plain sailing (§ 5) tout

marche comme sur des 6. while bien que / to seem sembler / outdoor en as far as I am concerned en ce qui me concerne / ever
extérieur / in one's sights en vue / up ici, en haut de / to jamais / to happen "arriver", se produire / office ici,
roulettes spend, spent, spent passer (temps) / quality time présidence / to cast, cast, cast a vote voter / in one's
"plain" a le sens de clair, évident, non moments privilégiés / woods bois / latest dernier en date / lifetime de toute sa vie.
compliqué ... wave vague / scrutiny examen minutieux / amid ici, dans 9. in line dans l'ordre de succession / to laugh off tourner
Comparez ces expressions : un contexte de / previously jusqu'alors / to seek, sought, en plaisanterie, balayer d'un revers de main / antagonistic
in plain view à la vue de tous sought chercher (à obtenir) / gear équipement, tenue / ft hostile / slicked lissé, gominé / to ring, rang, rung ici,
the facts are quite plain les faits = foot pied (30,48 cm) / Seal (membre de la) force résonner / just as tout aussi / pugnacious combatif /
parlent d'eux-mêmes spéciale d'intervention de la marine américaine (acronyme packaged conditionné, présentable.
plain speaking propos sans équivoque de Sea, Air, Land) / to fire tirer / to prompt inciter / to
bill présenter / rugged terre à terre, pragmatique. 10. to circle rôder; ici, enquêter / to broker négocier / to
it's a plain statement of fact ce sont deliver fournir / damaging préjudiciable / dirt ici,
les faits, ni plus ni moins 7. along with ainsi que, tout comme / to bear, bore, informations préjudiciables / fixer intermédiaire,
I like good plain cooking j'aime la born(e) ici, porter / to host accueillir, recevoir, inviter / to magouilleur / further d'autres / eventually finalement /
cuisine simple pioneer innover / to clear défricher / wildlife vie sauvage, to come, came, come to light éclater au grand jour / to
plain yoghurt yaourt nature faune et flore / to prevent empêcher / wildfire incendie involve impliquer / to drive, drove, driven on poursuivre
a plain-clothes policeman un policier (dévastateur), feu de forêt. sa route / Maga = Make America Great Again / bravado
en civil 8. whole tout (entier) / conservation protection de attitude de défi, provocation / to slay, slew, slain terrasser;
l’environnement / gracious aimable / enough suffisamment / ici, éliminer / cheerleader = supporter.
Enjeux I Economie I ETATS-UNIS I  C2
THE NEW YORK TIMES SHEILA MARIKAR
LEAVING
THE PLANET
Destination... l'espace !
C’est la dernière tendance parmi les
millionnaires américains : le tourisme
spatial. Depuis Richard Branson, fondateur
du groupe Virgin, tous les grands noms de la
tech se sont lancés dans l’aventure.
L’entreprise Axiom Space, nouvelle venue
sur ce marché très lucratif, souhaite se
démarquer de ses compétiteurs en
proposant à ses clients un type de voyage
très spécial : le voyage spatial de luxe...
Mike Suffredini worked for the National Aeronautics and Space Administration, as well as the majority of
H
Axiom’s 60 employees. (NASA/SIPA)
OUSTON — In an era in which Galactic spaceships, undaunted by a 2014 test LUXURY COMMERCIAL SPACE
privileged individuals search con- flight that crashed and killed one pilot. STATION
stantly for the next experience to obsess over 4. “It” was an early mock-up of a cabin for a
and post about on social media, space truly 2. Now a company called Axiom Space is commercial space station, among the first of
remains the final frontier, a luxury that only giving those with piles of money and an its kind, that Axiom is building: a mash-up
the 1 percent of the 1 percent can afford. Brad adventuresome spirit something new to of boutique hotel, adult space camp and
Pitt and Katy Perry are among those who lust after: the prospect of an eight-day trip NASA-grade research facility designed to
have reportedly plunked down $250,000 for to space that is plush, if not entirely com- hover approximately 250 miles above Earth.
a ride on one of Richard Branson’s Virgin fortable, and with a bit of the luster of Axiom hired Philippe Starck, the French
NASA as well. designer who has lent panache to everything
from high-end hotel rooms to mass-market
1. era époque / to obsess over être obsédé par, faire une 3. Circumambulating his gray carpeted office baby monitors, to outfit the interior of its
fixation sur / to post poster un message / frontier
frontière, confins d'un territoire inexploré (notion centrale
on a recent Wednesday, Mike Suffredini — cabins. Starck lined the walls with a padded,
dans l'imaginaire américain et dans la construction de NASA veteran, Houston native, and the chief quilted, cream-colored, suede-like fabric and
l'identité des É.-U.) ; the final frontier réf. au générique executive of Axiom Space — stopped in front hundreds of tiny LED lights that glow in
de la saga Star Trek / to afford se permettre of a cardboard compartment about as big as varying hues depending on the time of day
(financièrement) / reportedly paraît-il / to plunk down a telephone booth. “It’s no New York hotel and where the space station is floating in
payer, débourser / ride voyage / room,” he said with a shrug, as if apologizing relation to Earth. “My vision is to create a
for its size. “It pretty much is, actually!” said comfortable egg, friendly, where walls are so
Gabrielle Rein, Axiom’s marketing director. soft and in harmony with the movements of
the human body in zero gravity,” Starck
SUR LE BOUT DE LA LANGUE wrote in an email. >>>
"an early mock-up of a spaceship vaisseau spatial / undaunted aucunement
4. early ici, une des premières / mock-up maquette,
cabin for a commercial ébranlé / flight vol / to crash s’écraser.
reconstitution / mash-up mélange, combinaison /
space station" (§ 4) 2. piles of énormément de / adventuresome boutique hotel hôtel indépendant au style original (à
aventureux, téméraire / to lust after convoiter, l'opposé des grandes chaînes hôtelières standardisées) /
a mock-up une maquette
rechercher / prospect perspective / plush luxueux / NASA-grade digne de la NASA / research facility
Comparez : luster (US) = lustre (GB) ici, prestige / NASA = centre de recherche / to hover ici, être en orbite / to lend,
a mock battle/trial un simulacre de National Aeronautics and Space Administration. lent, lent donner, apporter / high-end haut de gamme,
bataille / de procès 3. to circumambulate marcher en rond / gray (US) = de luxe / mass-market ici, grand public, commercialisé
mock examination examen blanc grey (GB) / carpeted recouvert de moquette / veteran en masse / baby monitor interphone bébé / to outfit ici,
mock-heroic héroï-comique, ici, ancien / chief executive directeur général / habiller, décorer / to line recouvrir, tapisser / padded
burlesque cardboard (en) carton / booth cabine / shrug rembourré / quilted matelassé / suede daim / hue
mock-serious à moitié sérieux haussement d’épaules / to apologize (for) s’excuser (de) couleur.
/ actually en fait.

Enjeux I Economie I ETATS-UNIS I  C2 Retrouvez plus d’infos sur www.vocable.fr
SUPPLÉMENT VIDÉO
Jusqu'où la privatisation de l'espace ira-t-elle ?
Découvrez le reportage vidéo et testez votre
compréhension sur
>>> GOING INTO ORBIT

5. At the National Aeronautics and Space
Administration, Suffredini spent 10 years
managing the International Space Station,
the hulking, 20-year-old research facility in
low Earth orbit. This gives him a certain edge
over Branson and Jeff Bezos, the founder of
Amazon, who is overseeing Blue Origin. (The
majority of Axiom’s 60 employees also hail
from NASA.) At least Suffredini thinks so.
6. “The guys who are doing Blue Origin and

Virgin Galactic are going to the edge of space
— they’re not going into orbit,” he said. “What
they’re doing is a cool experience. It gives
you about 15 minutes of microgravity, and
you see the curvature of the Earth, but you
don’t get the same experience that you get
from viewing the Earth from above, and Axiom Space founder, Mike Suffredini, left, and designer Philippe Starck. (Todd Spoth/The New York Times)
spending time reflecting, contemplating.”
will pay $55 million for the adventure, which ly referred to the onboard bathroom as a
7.And, naturally, posting to Instagram. includes 15 weeks of training, much of it at “potty.” There are no showers.
“There will be Wi-Fi,” Suffredi- the Johnson Space Center, a
ni said. “Everybody will be 10-minute drive from Axiom’s 10. “The few folks that have gone to orbit as tour-
online. They can make phone Axiom’s headquarters, and possibly a ists, it wasn’t really a luxurious experience, it
calls, sleep, look out the win- private trip on one of Elon Musk’s was kind of like camping," Suffredini said. The
dow.” Maybe it will be so nice SpaceX rockets. Three entities Axiom station will still have handholds, but
they’ll want to stay there. The cabins have signed up for on-the- thanks to Starck they will be plated in gold or
Starck-designed station is will have ground training, which starts wrapped in buttery leather, like the steering
scheduled to open in 2022, but
Axiom says they can start
screens for at $1 million, Suffredini said,
though he declined to name
wheel of a Mercedes. Axiom’s private cabins will
have screens for Netflixing and chilling — there’s
sending curious travelers into Netflixing them. The inaugural trip will not a lot to do up there, although going outside
orbit as early as 2020. They’ll
just have to make do with the
and chilling. be only $50 million: “It’s a bar-
gain!”
to do a spacewalk is a possibility — and there
will be a great, glass-walled cupola to gather with
comparatively rugged accom- travelers and take in a more panoramic view of
modations of the International Space Station, TOUGH CONDITIONS SO FAR Earth, perhaps with an adult beverage.
which is working with Axiom. 9. To understand the grand scale of Axiom’s
plans, it helps to know that astronauts have, 11. Suffredini’s professional life has revolved
THE COST thus far, largely been roughing it up there. around space. “I was like everybody who
8.Axiom’s station can house eight passen- The Johnson Space Center contains a life-size watched Neil Armstrong walk on the moon
gers, including a professional astronaut. Each mock-up of the ISS, whose drab, beige inte- and decided that NASA was cool and wanted
rior is lined with drab, gray handholds to to work there,” he said. While he’s overseen
tether down things and people, necessary many missions, he hasn’t been in orbit and
5. hulking imposant, massif / edge avantage / to given the lack of gravity. A tour guide quaint- has no plans to see Axiom for himself. l
oversee, saw, seen ici, diriger / Blue Origin société créée
en 2000 pour développer de nouvelles technologies visant
à abaisser le coût d'accès à l'espace / to hail from venir de.
6. edge ici, lisière, limite / curvature courbure. headquarters (inv.) siège / rocket fusée / to sign up quaintly étrangement / potty pot (d'enfant, pour
7. Instagram application de partage de photos et de for s'inscrire à / on-the-ground sur place / to decline apprendre la propreté).
vidéos sur smartphones / to be scheduled être prévu ici, refuser / bargain bonne affaire. 10. to plate recouvrir, plaquer / to wrap ici, recouvrir /
devoir / to make, made, made do with se contenter, 9. tough difficile / grand ici, énorme / scale envergure, buttery ici, ultra lisse / leather cuir / steering wheel
s’accommoder de / comparatively relativement / ampleur / thus far jusqu’à présent / they have been volant / screen écran (ici TV) / to chill ici, se détendre /
rugged ici, sommaire / accommodations ici, conditions roughing it up there ils vivent à la dure / life-size glass-walled vitré(e) / cupola coupole, dôme / to take,
d'hébergement. grandeur nature / drab terne, morne / handhold poignée took, taken in ici, embrasser du regard.
8. to house accueillir / / to tether down attacher / 11. to revolve around être axé sur.
Échos
Brèves de culture
Retrouvez plus d’infos sur www.vocable.fr
(Sara Krulwich/The New York Times)

A very political
appearance
Robert De Niro’s speech at the Tony
Awards made headlines recently. The
American actor, who was introducing a
performance by Bruce Springsteen,
received a standing ovation himself when
he started his speech with the words: “I’m
gonna say one thing. Fuck Trump.” CBS,
(Travis Dove for The New York Times)

who broadcast the show live, was able to
bleep out the swearword.
Tony Awards équivalent des Oscars pour le
théâtre / to make, made, made headlines
faire les gros titres / performance interprétation
ici, chanson / to broadcast, cast, cast diffuser,
retransmettre / show émission / to bleep out
censurer par un bip / swearword gros mot.
National Treasure
The house where legendary American singer and civil rights icon, Nina Simone,
was born has been named a “National Treasure” by the National Trust for His-
toric Preservation. The building, located in Tryon, North Carolina, was in very
bad shape after several failed renovation attempts over the years. When it went
(Matt Rourke/AP/SIPA)
on the market in 2016, four African-American artists bought it to prevent it from
being knocked down. This is when the National Trust, which recently started a
$25 million campaign to preserve historical sites related to African-American his-
tory, became interested in the house and decided to mark it a National Treasure.
It will be restored “so that it reflects what it was like when the Waymons [Nina
Simon’s birth name] lived there”.
Hats off!
civil rights mouvement des droits civiques (1954-1968), qui visait à établir une réelle égalité de droits civiques pour
les Noirs américains / icon icône, grande figure / trust ici, fondation / in bad shape en piteux état / failed raté / A hat said to have belonged to Napoleon
attempt tentative / to prevent from (+ger.) empêcher de / to knock down détruire, démolir. Bonaparte and been dropped on the
battlefield at Waterloo was purchased for
over 350,000 euros at an auction in Lyon.
Although it is difficult to establish the
One-sentence novel provenance of historical artifacts like this
one, the auctioneer who organized the sale
Irish author Mike McCormack has won the said that the history of this hat had been
International Dublin literary award, thus well-documented and that it is one of the
receiving €100,000, for his novel Solar Bones. 120 two-cornered military hats that
The novel is written in a single sentence that Napoleon wore during his rule.
flows over 270 pages! “I was shocked. I had
completely given up hope that I was going to hats off chapeau (bas), félicitations / to drop
win it,” he said in an interview with The abandonner, laisser tomber / battlefield champ
Guardian. de bataille / auction vente aux enchères /
artifact objet / auctioneer commissaire-priseur
novel roman / award récompense, prix / sentence / well-documented attesté par de nombreux
(Istock)
phrase / to flow over ici, s’étirer sur / to give, gave, documents / two-cornered hat bicorne / rule
given up hope abandonner tout espoir. règne.

Culture I Cinéma I ETATS-UNIS I  C2
SUPPLÉMENT VIDÉO
Pour Spike Lee, Adam Driver et John David Washington,
BlacKkKsman est un film très contemporain. Découvrez le
reportage vidéo et testez votre compréhension sur
LOS ANGELES TIMES KENNETH TURAN
SPIKE LEE ON
BLACKKKLANSMAN
Spike Lee présente son film BlacKkKlansman
Depuis Nola Darling n'en fait qu'à sa tête, son premier film sorti en 1986, le réalisateur américain Spike Lee a acquis une notoriété
mondiale avec un cinéma résolument engagé. Cette année, il a fait un retour très remarqué avec son film BlacKkKlansman, Grand
Prix du dernier Festival de Cannes, qui retrace l’histoire vraie d’un policier afro-américain parvenant à infiltrer le Ku Klux Klan
dans les années 1970. Rencontre avec un réalisateur qui a des choses à dire.
C ANNES, France — The doors of the

immaculate Renault Talisman limou-
sine are open, the beseeching fans are waiting,
as are the photographers at the photo call and
rado police officer who infiltrated the Ku Klux
Klan in the 1970s, had galvanized the festival
the night before, getting a lengthy standing
ovation from the black-tie crowd. Unexpect-
4. “He could have said, ‘America should be about
love instead of hate,’ he could have told Amer-
ica’s citizens and the world the U.S. won’t toler-
ate hate, won’t tolerate racism, but he didn’t do
the journalists at the press conference, but edly moving was the film’s ending, which fo- it. Who are we as a people, which direction are
Spike Lee is not getting out of the car. Not just cuses on the chaos and tragedy that took place we moving, are we going forward or back? This
yet. A passionate and articulate talker who at the alt-right rally at Charlottesville, Va., last guy is taking us back.” He leaves the car and
brings an engaging energy and an invigorating August, the death that occurred there and the the door closes behind him.
sense of humor to a conversation, the director reaction of President Trump, who said, “There
of BlacKkKlansman has a point he wants to were some very fine people on both sides.” THANKS TO JORDAN PEELE
make and he’s not leaving until he makes it. 5. Earlier, sipping cappuccino on a hotel terrace,
TRUMP FAILED Lee talked about the way the film’s story, based
2. Lee’s film, which stars John David Washing- 3. “That was a defining moment for that guy on a memoir by Ron Stallworth, had come to
ton in the based-on-fact story of a black Colo- in the White House,” said Lee, who doesn’t like him from Get Out’s Jordan Peele, one of the
to even say Trump’s name. “That was a big fat film’s producers. “Out of the blue he called me
pitch over the plate, not a 100-mile-per-hour and pitched it,” Lee relates. “‘A black man infil-
1. beseeching implorant / photo call séance photo /
articulate éloquent / engaging captivant / invigorating fastball but a juicy batting-practice pitch. He trating the KKK’ — how many words is that?
vivifiant / director ici, réalisateur / to make, made, made could have knocked it out of the park, but he — that was the whole slug line. I said ‘I’m in.’”
a point soulever/faire valoir un point important. swung and missed."
2. to star avoir pour vedette/dans le rôle principal / 6. A script by David Rabinowitz and Charlie
based-on-fact inspiré d'un fait réel / Wachtel already existed, but Lee and writing
black-tie en tenue de soirée / unexpectedly de manière partner Kevin Willmott had additional ideas.
inattendue; ici, étonnamment / moving émouvant, “The biggest thing we wanted” Lee says, “was
poignant / to focus on (se) concentrer, (se) focaliser sur / to put stuff in the script, very strategically, so
alt-right = alternative right (mouvement conservateur qui it would not be a period piece.” Lee also wanted
SUR LE BOUT DE LA LANGUE s'inspire d'idéologies réactionnaires comme le Tea Party ou
le suprémacisme blanc) / rally rassemblement, marche,
to deal with Klan Grand Wizard David Duke
Entraînez-vous à manifestation / to occur se produire, avoir lieu. (played by Topher Grace), a character in Stall-
mettre l'accent 3. to fail échouer / defining déterminant / fat pitch
tonique au bon endroit (terme de baseball) balle facile à frapper; ici, occasion en or / 4. forward vers l’avant.
plate (terme de baseball) marbre, base depuis laquelle la
(indiqué en rouge) : balle est frappée et que le coureur doit toucher en dernier 5. to sip siroter / memoir autobiographie / Get Out thriller
photographer pour marquer un point / juicy ici, bon / batting-practice américain sorti en 2017 / out of the blue de manière
photograph pitch (terme de baseball) balle d'entraînement / to knock complètement inattendue / to pitch présenter, "vendre" /
photo out of the park au baseball, frapper au-delà du champ to relate raconter / slug line didascalie; ici, description.
photographic extérieur; ici, faire quelque chose de remarquable / to swing, 6. stuff ici, idées / period piece film d'époque / to deal,
photogenic swung, swung ici, faire un mouvement de balancier (avec dealt, dealt with ici, traiter, parler de / character
une batte) / to miss manquer; ici, rater son coup. personnage /
Retrouvez plus de tests dans la newsletter Vocable www.vocable.fr/newsletter
The movie
It is based on a true story, and set in the early
1970s. Ron Stallworth (played by John David
Washington) becomes the first African
American officer in the Colorado Springs Police
Department, and his arrival is met with
hostility by several of his colleagues. He
decides to try to infiltrate the local Ku Klux
Klan in order to denounce their criminal
activities – and manages to convince the KKK’s
‘grand wizard’, David Duke (Topher Grace),
through conversations they have over the
phone, that he is a white supremacist. He then
teams up with his colleague, Flip Zimmerman
(Adam Driver), who goes to meetings with KKK
members, pretending to be Ron, and the pair
discover a dreadful operation being planned.
to be set se dérouler / officer ici, policier / grand
wizard "grand sorcier" (leader à l'échelle nationale) /
white supremacist pers. prônant la suprématie de la
race blanche / to team up with faire équipe avec / pair
ici, duo / dreadful effroyable / operation ici, attaque.
Spike Lee and Adam Driver on the set of Blackkksman. (David Lee / Focus Features)
worth’s book, and emphasize his connection to best actor. (John David) is legit, he got this on Crow. She saved her Social Security checks
what happened in Virginia and to Trump. his own two feet.” for her grandchildren’s education. I was the
“(Duke’s) ass was in Charlottesville, saying first one, and my grandmother put me
‘Take America back,’” Lee says. “We didn’t put PURPOSES through Morehouse College. That’s where it
him in an ADR studio, we didn’t go to ILM and 8. Lee says each of his features is made with comes from.”
put his head on somebody else’s body. Anybody a specific purpose and that BlacKkKlansman
who doesn’t see the connection between the “is a wake-up call. ‘My fellow Americans, I TEACHING
two is on crack or opioids or meth or Jack Dan- come to you with a heavy heart. Don’t go for 10. Now a professor at NYU’s Tisch School of
iels — name your poison.” the okey-doke, wake the … up. We’re better the Arts in addition to his filmmaking work,
than this.’” Lee regularly schedules advisement meetings
THE CAST for graduate students looking for career coun-
7. The casting of the impressive Washington, 9. Since his first feature decades ago, 1986’s seling. “When my students tell me it’s hard, I
the son of frequent Lee collaborator Denzel She’s Gotta Have It, Lee has made more than 20 tell them ‘What is easy? Overnight sensation
Washington, was similarly straightforward. theatrical films plus doing considerable work is bull …, there is no such animal. You’ve got to
“He didn’t have to audition, I offered him the for television, an especially remarkable ac- bust your ass.’
role,” the director says. “I’d seen him on (HBO complishment given how challenging some
series) Ballers, he has the goods.” Lee acknowl- of his work is. “I come from a long line of edu- 11. “What I try to instill in my students is a work
edges “the Washingtons and Lees are like cators,” he says by way of explanation of his ethic. I get up at 5 o’clock every morning and
tight, we have a long relationship” but dis- drive. “My mother was a teacher, and my I’m in my office at 6. There’s no substitute for
misses any notion of preference. “I love Den- grandmother taught art in Georgia for 50 hard work. But if you love what you do, it’s not
zel, but I don’t love him that much. I didn’t years, 50 years when white students couldn’t a job. If you can make a living doing what you
hook up Denzel, I hooked myself up with the get the benefit of her teaching because of Jim love, you’re blessed.” l
to emphasize mettre l’accent sur / ass (fam.) cul / ADR legit légitime / ...on his own two feet …sans l'aide de to save économiser, mettre de côté / to put, put, put sb
= Automated Dialogue Replacement doublage / ILM personne (to stand on one's own two feet voler de ses through college payer les études universitaires de qqn.
Industrial Light & Magic, société d'effets spéciaux de propres ailes). 10. to schedule programmer, organiser / graduate
cinéma américaine créée par George Lucas / crack crack 8. feature film, long métrage / purpose but / wake-up student titulaire d'une licence, étudiant de troisième cycle
(concentré de cocaïne) / opioid opiacé / meth = call ici, avertissement / fellow ici, compatriote / / counseling (US) = counselling (GB) conseil /
methamphetamine / Jack Daniels marque de bourbon. okey-doke = OK; ici, passivité, complaisance / … = fuck. overnight ici, instantané, immédiat / sensation ici, succès
7. cast distribution (acteurs) / straightforward simple / 9. decade décennie / She’s Gotta Have It Nola Darling / bull (fam.) = bullshit conneries / to bust one's ass
HBO chaîne de télévision payante américaine / Ballers n'en fait qu'à sa tête / theatrical film film pour le cinéma (fam.) se botter le cul.
série américaine sur un ancien joueur de football américain (par opposition à téléfilm ou film sortant directement en 11. to instill ici, inculquer / there's no substitute for...
/ to have the goods avoir les capacités, le talent / to DVD) / accomplishment réalisation, réussite, succès / rien ne remplace… (substitute remplaçant) / to make,
acknowledge admettre, reconnaître / tight ici, proche / challenging difficile / drive ici, motivation, élan moteur / made, made a living gagner sa vie / blessed béni, gâté,
to dismiss rejeter, écarter / to hook up ici, faire une faveur Jim Crow ségrégation raciale (les lois Jim Crow imposèrent chanceux.
/ to hook sb up with sb/sth ici, arranger un coup / de 1876 à 1964 la ségrégation dans tous les lieux publics
dans les États du Sud) /

Culture I Livres I ROYAUME-UNI I  B2-C1
Archipel
des Orcades
THE INDEPENDENT MATTHEW ADAMS
AMY LIPTROT
INTERVIEW
Interview avec Amy Liptrot
La journaliste écossaise Amy Liptrop a cherché à fuir sa petite
île natale des Orcades dès son adolescence. Pourtant, c’est en
rentrant à Orkney qu’elle a réussi vaincre son alcoolisme,
puisant l’énergie nécessaire à son rétablissement dans les
paysages sauvages de cet archipel. Elle raconte son épopée et
le rapport salvateur à la nature dans L’Ecart, très beau roman
autobiographique publié en août prochain aux éditions Globe.
Rencontre.
A
(Lisa Swarna Khanna)
s Amy Liptrot prepared to take the A QUEST FOR FREEDOM story were to unfold (and the place where
decision to leave her life in London, 2. As she says in the early pages of The she had her final drink), I ask her about this
in order to return to her parents' sheep farm Outrun , her remarkable account of her moment. "I was sort of plotting against
on Orkney (the island on which she was born journey from the misery of dipsomania to myself," she says. "It was an option for me
and that she had longed, for years, to escape), the promise and freedom that might be to return to drinking, and I'd think about
she found herself faced with a journey that found in sobriety: "Going back to Orkney how I could do it. But in a way, knowing
had the potential to mark the beginning, or would be a test. If I got to a year sober, still that I had that choice put me in control of
the end, of everything. Behind her lay a hadn't found decent work and still felt the situation."
metropolitan life of chaos, alcoholism and frustrated, I would get an anonymous job
despair. Before her, the possibility of recovery somewhere, maybe as a cleaner, move into 4. Listening to Liptrot talk about her child-
and renewal; but also of a final plunge into another rented room, cut myself off and hood, it seems as if that search has been
the world of addiction that had already come just drink. It would feel so good to give in." under way since infancy. "As a child, I didn't
close to destroying her. know much outside the farm. But as a
3. When I meet Liptrot in a vegetarian café teenager, I got into music and got much
in Bethnal Green, an area of London in
1. as ici, quand / in order to afin de / to long to ici,
which many of the darker elements of her
avoir hâte de / to be faced with être confronté à /
3. to be to aller (événement futur) / to unfold se
journey voyage; aussi, décision / to lie, lay, lain ici, se
2. early ici, premier / account récit / to get, got, got dérouler / place endroit / to plot comploter / in a way
trouver / despair désespoir / recovery rétablissement,
to parvenir à; ici, réussir à tenir / decent ici, digne de ce d'une certaine façon.
guérison / plunge plongeon, chute / to come, came,
come close to ici, faillir. nom / cleaner femme de ménage / to move into 4. childhood enfance / to seem sembler / to be under
emménager dans / to rent louer / to cut, cut, cut way ici, avoir débuté / infancy petite enfance / outside
oneself off se couper du monde, s'isoler / to give, en dehors de, autre que / teenager adolescent / to get,
gave, given in céder. got, got into s'intéresser/se mettre à /
Une suggestion ? écrivez-nous sur monavis@vocable.fr
more interested in what was going on in THE LAST CHANCE

the cities. And that led to a sense of frustra- 7. So, after several failed attempts to treat SUR LE BOUT DE LA LANGUE
tion." Then there was the question of alco- her addiction, she asked for a final time to
hol. "I had my first drink at the age of 15 or be referred to rehab. She knew this would
Phenomena
16, similar to other people at school. But I be her last chance. But her feelings about
Notez qu'en anglais phénomène se
always loved it." Alcoholics Anonymous were complicated.
traduit phenomenon au singulier et
"As someone who's not religious, their phenomena au pluriel.
AT UNIVERSITY spiritual basis was a concern. But I went to
On parle donc de these phenomena
5. By the time Liptrot left Orkney to study a large number of meetings [...] and there (§ 10) ou this phenomenon.
English at Edinburgh University, that draw are a lot of tools that I've gained from it.
had increased in strength. "I went to escape But it's all the things that I write about in
Orkney as much as I did to study," she tells the book – the sea-swimming and the
me. "I read and worked, and I was highly birdwatching in Orkney – that have been spent time with her divorced parents; with
involved in the student most important to me." her mother in Kirkwall, her father on the
newspaper. But I also par- farm, and later at a small cottage on Papa
tied very hard: bars, pubs 8. Yet Liptrot, who is now Westray. But "a big turning point" was find-
and clubs, and the free-par- 34 and back, for the time ing a job on a bird-conservation project
ty rave scene that was going being, in London, hadn't monitoring corncrake populations for the
at the time, which intro- t ur ned to t he nat ura l RSPB. In time, Liptrot grew steadily more
duced me to drugs. Looking world of Orkney with a aware that there was a world of stimulus,
back, there were certainly sense that it would offer connection and escape beyond the one that
quite a number of worrying her such forms of suste- alcohol had always promised, but never
incidents." nance and comfort. Her fully delivered. "Gaining knowledge about,
considerations, initially, and affection for, the place began to fill the
6. But when she moved to were practical. "By neces- absence that had been created when I
London at the age of 23 to sity, my lifestyle changed stopped drinking," she tells me. "Repeated
become a writer and jour- dramat ica lly when I observation of the same place meant I was
nalist, her grip on her life stopped drinking. I avoided able to understand the cycles of the tides,
began to weaken. "I'd had the places I used to go and the weather and the seasons."
some freelance work for became more of a daytime
publications such as The rather than nighttime per- 10.Liptrot's account of the role these phe-
Face and the NME, and I'd done son. Going for walks around nomena played in the ongoing story of her
a blog that had got a bit of attention. But the coast of Orkney and visiting other is- recovery – a tale of hunting for merry
because of my partying I rather screwed up lands at first quite simply gave me some- dancers (aurora borealis) in the midnight
some opportunities that I had, so I got day- thing to do with myself." sky; of a burgeoning sensitivity to the
jobs working in corporate communications movements of the seas and shifts in the
and industry magazines." It was while try- RECONNECTING WITH NATURE wind; of a deepening love of the customs
ing to hold down these jobs that her drink- 9. And then, around a year after she first and the continuities of island life – results
ing slid out of control: before long, "All of got sober, she began to feel that the islands in a work that is at once a hymn to the
the things that they tell you will happen to of her birth were holding on to her. She importance of history, and a deeply affect-
alcoholics began to happen to me." ing account of her determination to find
and embrace the freedom of sobriety. l
7. several plusieurs / failed qui a échoué, infructueux /
attempt tentative / to be referred to ici, être envoyé
to go, went, gone on se passer / sense sentiment. en / rehab= rehabilitation cure de désintoxication /
5. by the time lorsque / draw attrait, attirance / to concern préoccupation, problème / birdwatching to spend, spent, spent passer / conservation
increase s'accroître/intensifier, se renforcer / strength ornithologie. protection / to monitor surveiller, observer /
ici, intensité / highly ici, très / to be involved in être 8. yet pourtant / for the time being pour le moment corncrake râle des genêts (oiseau) / RSPB = Royal
impliqué dans / hard ici, beaucoup / free party fête / to turn to se tourner vers; ici, retourner à / Society for the Protection of Birds / in time avec le
techno se déroulant souvent dans la nature ou dans un sustenance moyens de subsistance / comfort temps / to grow, grew, grown ici, devenir / steadily
bâtiment désaffecté et dont le tarif d'entrée est libre / réconfort; ici, aide / consideration ici, préoccupation / progressivement, de plus en plus / aware conscient /
time époque / to look back on repenser à / quite ici, practical ici, d'ordre pratique, pragmatique / beyond au-delà/en dehors de, outre / to deliver ici,
tout. dramatically ici, radicalement / to avoid éviter / procurer / to fill combler / tide marée.
6. grip ici, maîtrise (aussi, prise, emprise) / to weaken used to sert à marquer une distinction nette entre le 10. ongoing en cours, qui dure / tale histoire, récit / to
faiblir / freelance indépendant / such as tel(les) que / passé et le présent, à indiquer qu'une action passée hunt for chasser, (re)chercher / merry joyeux /
rather plutôt; ici, vraiment / to screw up gâcher / day n'est plus d'actualité / more of davantage / around burgeoning naissant / sensitivity sensibilité / shift
job emploi (principal) / corporate en entreprise / ici, le long de / to give, gave, given one sth to do changement / deepening grandissant (to deepen
while pendant que / to hold, held, held down ici, with oneself s'occuper. s'approfondir) / custom coutume / continuities
garder / to slide, slid, slid out of control ici, empirer 9. around ici, environ / to get, got, got ici, redevenir / caractéristiques immuables / to result in donner lieu à
de façon exponentielle, prendre le dessus / long ici, to hold, held, held on to sb ici, retenir qn; aussi, / work ici, œuvre, livre / at once ici, à la fois (et) /
longtemps / to happen se passer, arriver. influencer qn / hymn ici, ode / to embrace ici, accepter et jouir de.

Découverte I Culture I ROYAUME-UNI I  A2-B1
THE GUARDIAN NEIL STEINBERG
THE MEANING
OF A SMILE
Que signifie notre sourire ?
« Un homme peut sourire, sourire, et n'être qu'un scélérat ». L’exclamation de
Hamlet dans la célèbre pièce shakespearienne nous rappelle que, si le sourire est
surtout assimilé à des valeurs très positives, le sens qu’on lui donne varie en
fonction des situations et des cultures. Un journaliste du quotidien britannique
The Guardian nous dit tout sur l’histoire culturelle, sociale et biologique de cette
expression faciale si particulière.
I t’s one of the most fundamental things

that humans do. Smile. Newborns can
manage it spontaneously, as a reflex, and this
is sometimes misinterpreted by new parents
CULTURAL MEANING
3. Culturally, smiling resonates across the
arc of human history, from the grinning
Greek kouros sculptures of 2,500 years ago
as a reaction to their presence, although it’s right up to emojis. Emojis with smiling
not until six to eight weeks of age that babies faces are by far the most prevalent in online
smile in a social way. That new parents op- messages. The most popular emoji of all – the
timistically interpret the first reflex smiles face with tears of joy – was picked as the
reflects the complexity of smiling: there is 2015 Word of the Year by Oxford Dictionaries.
the physical act and then the interpretation Just as this emoji expresses more than mere
society gives to happiness – tears adding the ironic
it – the smile twist – smiles them-
and what t he selves convey so
smile means. much more, too.
2. On a physical 4. A 2016 study

level, a smile is clear published in the
enough. There are 17 Journal of Nonverbal
pairs of muscles control- c k) Behavior questioned thou-
to
ling expression in the hu- (Is sands of people in 44 cul-
man face, plus the orbicularis tures about sets of photographs of
oris, a ring that goes around the eight faces – four smiling, four not. Most
mouth. When the brain decides to smile, a people deemed the smiling faces to be more thy benefit to smiling at all. The researchers
message is sent out over the sixth and sev- honest than the non-smiling ones. This dif- concluded that where trust was low, smiling
enth cranial nerves. These branch across ference was huge in some countries, such as was less likely to influence the respondent.
each side of the face from the eyebrows to Switzerland, Australia and the Philippines, “Greater corruption levels decreased trust
the chin, connecting to a combination of but small in others, such as Pakistan, Russia granted toward smiling individuals,” the
muscles controlling the lips, nose, eyes and and France. In a few countries, such as Iran, authors concluded. If anything it could
forehead. India and Zimbabwe, there was no trustwor- arouse suspicions.
1. newborn nouveau-né / to manage parvenir, réussir 3. to resonate trouver un écho / arc ici, cours / there was no trustworthy benefit to smiling at all
à / to misinterpret mal interpréter, interpréter à tort. grinning arborant un large sourire / right up to jusqu'à sourire ne se révélait absolument pas être un plus
2. orbicularis oris (muscle) muscle orbiculaire (de la / emoji émoticône (combinaison de caractères pour permettant d'être considéré comme honnête
bouche) / ring cercle / brain cerveau / to send, sent, figurer une émotion) / prevalent répandu / to pick (trustworthy fiable, digne de confiance benefit
sent out envoyer, transmettre, diffuser / to branch se choisir, sélectionner; ici, élire / mere simple / twist ici, avantage, faveur) / researcher chercheur / trust
ramifier / eyebrow sourcil / chin menton / lip lèvre / touche / to convey véhiculer, exprimer, représenter. confiance / likely to susceptible de / respondent
forehead front. 4. behavior (US) = behaviour (GB) comportement / personne interrogée / to decrease diminuer, atténuer
set série / to deem considérer, juger, estimer / huge / to grant accorder / if anything au contraire / to
énorme, considérable / arouse susciter, éveiller.
Téléchargez l’appli Vocable offerte à nos abonnés ! www.vocable.fr/applimobile
course, musing that perhaps the smile is “Recognising fear is fundamental to sur-
instead the remnant of laughter. He ob- vival, while a smile… But that’s how we are
serves his own infants closely, detecting wired.”
in two their first smiles at six weeks, and
earlier in the third. He comments how PRE-LINGUISTIC HERITAGE
smiles do more than merely convey happi- 9. Scientists such as Martinez theorise that
ness, mentioning the “derisive or sardonic smiles – as well as frowns and other facial
smile” and the “unnatural or false smile”, expressions – are remnants of humanity’s
and showing photos to see if his associates distant pre-linguistic heritage. Human lan-
can read what they mean. guage started developing as far back as
100,000 years ago, but our expressions reach
SCIENTIFIC STUDIES back further still, even to before our origins
6. The scientific study of smiles finds differ- as human beings.
ences in gender (generally,
women smile more) and “Before we could com-
10.
culture. Smiles are defi-
nitely communicative –
“Before municate verbally, we had
to communicate with our
people smile more when in we could faces,” Mar tinez says.
public than they do when communicate “Which brings us to a very
alone, and more when inter- interesting, very funda-
acting with others than verbally, we mental question in sci-
when not. had to ence: where does language
7. Scientists have shown

communicate come from?” One of the
hy p ot heses i s t h at it
that smiles are far easier with our faces.” evolved through the facial
to recognise than other expression of emotion, he
expressions. What they says. “First we learned to
don’t know is why. “We can do really well move our facial muscles – ‘I’m happy. I feel
recognising smiles,” says Aleix Martinez, positive with you! I’m angry.’” Then a
a professor of electrical and computer en- grammar of facial expressions developed,
gineering at Ohio State University. “Why and over time that evolved into what we
is that true? Nobody can answer that right call language. So when we wonder how
now. We don’t know. We have a classical something as complex as language evolved
experiment, where we showed images of from nothingness, the answer is it almost
facial expressions to people, but we showed certainly started with a smile. l
them very rapidly… 10 milliseconds, 20
milliseconds. I can show you an image for
just 10 milliseconds and you can tell me
it’s a smile. It does not work with any
while alors que / to wire câbler, raccorder; ici,
other expression.” fonctionner.
(Istock) 9. frown froncement de sourcils / as far back as
8. Fear takes an exposure time of 250 milli-
100,000 years ago... déjà 100 000 ans auparavant…
ACCORDING TO DARWIN seconds to recognise – 25 times as long as a (as far back as d'aussi loin que) / to reach back to
5. On the interpretive side, Charles Darwin smile, “which makes absolutely no sense, remonter à / further plus loin.
discusses the meaning and value of smiles evolutionarily speaking”, Martinez says. 10. to wonder se demander / nothingness néant,
in his 1872 landmark study The Expression vide.
of the Emotions in Man and Animals. Like
many, Darwin sees a smile as the first part
of a continuum. “A smile, therefore, may
be said to be the first stage in the develop- to muse songer, méditer; ici, envisager / remnant
reste, vestige / infant enfant en bas âge, nourrisson /
ment of a laugh,” he writes, then reverses derisive moqueur, railleur / to read, read, read ici,
SUR LE BOUT DE LA LANGUE
identifier, décrypter, déceler.
6. definitely résolument. Prononciation
5. according to selon, d'après (la théorie de) / to 7. to show, showed, showed or shown ici, Muscles (des muscles) se prononce
discuss ici, parler, traiter (de) / landmark ici, célèbre / démontrer, prouver / engineering génie, ingénierie / de la même façon que mussels (des
continuum continuum, ensemble d'éléments tels que right now à l'heure actuelle / experiment expérience moules), c'est à dire comme la
l'on peut passer de l'un à l'autre de façon continue / (scientifique). première syllabe de "mustard" + la
therefore de ce fait, par conséquent / stage ici, étape 8. fear peur / evolutionarily speaking du point de dernière syllabe de "tables".
/ to reverse course changer de cap, d'orientation / vue de l'évolution /

Bons plans I Langues
L'ANGLAIS POUR LES PETITS :

CONSEILS ET FORMULES
POUR UN APPRENTISSAGE EFFICACE
PAR ANTOINE MADEC
« Les enfants sont des

éponges », entend-on ici
et là. A peine les
premières dents
apparues, l'enfant
serait même capable de
saisir tous les phonèmes
du monde !
L'apprentissage précoce
séduit alors de plus en
plus de parents,
conscients de leurs
lacunes et soucieux de
préparer leur
progéniture à un marché
du travail ultra-
concurrentiel. Paroles
d'experts à l'appui,
Vocable s'arrête sur les
tendances en la matière,
des plus traditionnelles
aux plus
technologiques.
(Istock)
L'ANGLAIS DÈS LE BIBERON : sa collection : 'Play & Learn' (0-2 ans), Many Monsters (2-10 ans)
MÉTHODE PROBANTE OU ASTUCE MARKETING ? et 'Readers' (8 ans et +).
Les très jeunes enfants disposent d'une plasticité cérébrale qui Quel est alors l'âge idéal à partir duquel l'enfant doit commencer
ne se reproduira plus et il faut en profiter ! C'est à partir de ce à être exposé à une langue étrangère ? « Les chercheurs ont des
constat que Speaking Agency renforce son approche inspirée opinions divergentes », prévient la linguiste Carla Soares-Jesel,
des pédagogies actives comme celle de Montessori. Éveiller les rattachée au Laboratoire de linguistique formelle du CNRS. Cette
sens de l'enfant, dès 2 -3 ans, et développer son autonomie sont les enseignante-chercheuse cite notamment Jürgen Meisel, qui
objectifs du 'baby-speaking', allant de l'initiation à l'immersion « considère que la période située autour des 4 ans est importante
avec un natif ou de niveau langue maternelle. Les temps sont pour le développement grammatical. Par ailleurs, une exposition
balisés par des rituels du quotidien pour mettre à profit ces fins après 7 ans permettra une assimilation proche de celle d'un
de journées. Priorité donc à l'oral et à une prise de parole, même adulte. Mais attention, la seule exposition précoce ne suffit pas,
balbutiante, de l'enfant. d'autres facteurs comme la motivation ou la personnalité de
l'enfant comptent tout autant ».
Kids and Us centre quant à lui, sa méthode sur l'écoute pour
une stimulation très précoce, dès les premiers mois de la vie. INTERACTION ET IMAGINATION :
Ce réseau de centres franchisés accompagne les enfants jusqu'à MAÎTRES-MOTS D'UN APPRENTISSAGE RÉUSSI
l'adolescence et propose pour l'été une offre 'Summer readers',
soit des activités ludiques et littéraires pour les 9 mois – 13 ans Le British Council n'est pas en reste avec désormais des for-
afin de « rester en contact » avec l'anglais. A chaque tranche d'âge mules de cours de la petite à la grande section de maternelle à

raison de deux ou trois heures par semaine.
Chaque leçon est organisée autour d'une L'AVIS DE L'EXPERT
routine plan, do, review à base de chansons
pour une meilleure mémorisation. Côté Céline Peel, spécialiste en pédagogie Montessori
formules intensives, un stage de 30 heures
à Paris pendant les vacances scolaires est et en apprentissage des langues étrangères,
possible avec au programme lecture et créa- consultante pour Speaking Agency.
tion d'un livre de contes, arts plastiques,
sport... Les enfants enchaînent les activités Comment familiarise-t-on les petits à une langue étrangère comme
de 9h30 à 17h, avec une restitution devant l'anglais ?
leurs parents à la fin de la semaine ! En
Les jeunes enfants adorent copier de nouveaux sons, de nouveaux mots... Ce
complément, l'application 'Learning Time
with Timmy 3' sert à réviser les mots appris sera également vrai pour la nouvelle langue ! On les y familiarise en s’axant
en classe. sur l'oral, l'écoute de CD de comptines dans la voiture, en regardant un imagier
avec les mots du quotidien de l'enfant, etc.
Vivaling, entreprise spécialisée dans l'ap-
Comment se concrétise cet apprentissage précoce chez l'enfant passé par
prentissage par visio-conférence, mise aussi
sur l'interaction malgré les centaines voire cet éveil, par rapport à un autre enfant dont le contact avec l'anglais ne
les milliers de kilomètres séparant profes- se fait qu'à l'école ?
seur et élève. L'agence annonce quelques Le linguiste J. Petit parlait de "la chaleur du nid" : on apprend mieux dans un
nouveautés pour la rentrée scolaire comme environnement familier, chaleureux. Les jeunes enfants peuvent commencer
des évaluations formelles avec la remise par un apprentissage silencieux en écoutant la langue étrangère, sans avoir
d'un diplôme et d'une grille d'équivalences
la contrainte sociale de produire une belle phrase avec une syntaxe correcte.
avec les systèmes Cambridge et IELTS.
Pourquoi un très jeune enfant mémorise-t-il mieux et apprend-il mieux
Carla Soares-Jesel nous signale les travaux une langue étrangère ?
de sa consœur américaine Patricia Kuhl, Jusqu'à 6-7 ans, s'il écoute des chansons en anglais, l'enfant mémorise
qui aboutissent à la conclusion suivante :
presque naturellement le rythme et la prosodie de la langue. Ensuite, il va
mettre l'interaction au cœur de l'apprentis-
sage est fondamental. L'étude menée sur toujours pouvoir apprendre une langue étrangère mais davantage en la
des bébés de 9 mois et demi à 10 mois et comparant à sa langue maternelle. Les sons différents comme le "th" anglais
demi démontre qu'ils apprennent l'infor- deviennent un peu plus difficiles à produire. En revanche, puisqu'il maîtrise
mation phonétique d'une langue étrangère mieux sa langue maternelle, il pourra assez vite en acquérir une autre.
en interagissant. L'écoute ou le visionnage
passif n'ont en revanche pas d'effets sur Quels conseils donneriez-vous aux parents pour 'capitaliser' cet appren-
eux... ». l tissage à la maison : doivent-ils par exemple leur parler en anglais ?
Régler la langue des dessins-animés, afficher les sous-titres, voici quelques
bons réflexes faciles à mettre en place. Des petites routines familiales peuvent
CONTACTS UTILES aussi être installées : enjoy your meal! Let's brush your teeth! Sleep well! Les
parents peuvent se lancer en anglais car les enfants aiment beaucoup voir les
Speaking agency : www.speaking-agency.com
Kids and us : www.kidsandus.fr adultes faire des efforts pour apprendre. Mais cela doit être naturel. Le plus
British council : www.britishcouncil.fr important est de montrer de l’intérêt pour ce que l'enfant fait avec son pro-
Vivaling : https://vivaling.com fesseur sans pour autant en attendre des résultats miraculeux et immédiats.
Offerte
à nos Découvrez RÉSERVATIONS PUBLICITAIRES
abonnés France - Etranger
l'appli Vocable 01 44 37 97 79 - publicite@vocable.fr
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CINÉMA
MARY SHELLEY
De Haifaa Al-Mansour
Londres, 1814. Mary Wollstronecraft Godwin, 16 ans, débute
une relation passionnelle avec le poète Percy Shelley — déjà
marié — et s’enfuit avec lui. Critiqués par les bienpensants et
poursuivis par les créditeurs, Mary et Percy s’installent dans un
misérable petit appartement où ils se consacrent à l’écriture.
En 1816, ils sont invités à passer l’été dans la demeure de Lord
Byron, à Genève. C’est là-bas que Mary Shelley conçoit le
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Sam, un jeune adolescent, effectue un la petite île de l’archipel des Orcades où de l’ordre — et de redonner une
road trip mouvementé au sein de la elle a grandi, Amy Liptrot compte bien nouvelle jeunesse — au Bagdad
campagne américaine avec un jeune croquer la vie à pleines dents. Mais, très Café. A l’occasion de son trentième
homme plus âgé, Nick, qu’il présente vite, elle tombe dans la spirale anniversaire, ce classique de 1987
comme son grand frère. Comment les infernale de l’alcool et de ressort au cinéma en version
deux personnages en sont-ils arrivés l’autodestruction. Son salut, c’est à la restaurée ; l’occasion de réécouter
là ? Qui sont-ils vraiment l’un pour beauté des Orcades — où elle est sa bande originale culte et de
l’autre ? Christopher Radcliff et Lauren retournée vivre — qu’elle le doit : à la redécouvrir sa galerie de
Wolkstein jouent habilement avec les communion avec la nature sauvage, personnages hauts en couleur.
attentes du spectateur, on en l’observation des nuages noctulescents Avec Marianne Sägebrecht et C.C.H.
redemande. Un film atmosphérique et et des aurores boréales, et la rencontre Pounder.
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Cass Wheeler, chanteuse à succès dans les années 70 décide, après une longue
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sera l'occasion pour elle de faire un point sur sa vie, et d'enfin faire face à ses vieux
démons. Toutes les épreuves qu’elle a vécues et qui l’ont forgée lui reviennent en
mémoire au fil des notes qui s’enchaînent comme des fragments de vie, d’émotions
et de blessures, de succès et de désillusions. Laura Barnett signe ici un troisième
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le
dessin
I Humour I ETATS-UNIS
gonna = going to / way-above-

average bien au-dessus de la
moyenne / lightsaber sabre laser.
Currently, The
United States
TRUMP SPACE FORCE
bon
à savoir has five US president Donald Trump has ordered the Defence Department to create a
branches of new branch of the military: a ‘space force’. “Our destiny beyond the Earth is not
armed forces:
the Army, Navy (whose primary
only a matter of national identity but a matter of national security […] We must
mission is to maintain the have American dominance in space,” he said, adding that he didn’t want China,
freedom of the seas), Marine Russia and other countries leading the United States. The main missions of this
Corps (specialized in
amphibious operations), Air new branch would include “establishing a long-term presence, expanding the US
Force and Coast Guard. The Air economy, and building the foundation for the eventual mission to Mars.” Currently,
Force, created after World War
II, is the most recent one. the US Air Force, led by General David Goldfein, oversees most space-related
navy marine / coast guard
military activities. Goldfein was opposed to the creation of this branch when Trump
garde-côtes. first evoked the idea last year. For a ‘space force’ to be created, the US Congress
needs to pass a law authorising it first.
branch division, ici corps (d’armée) / matter question, affaire / to lead, led, led ici, devancer / currently actuellement / to
oversee, saw, seen superviser, être chargé de / to pass ici, voter.
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.
PYRAMIDE PRÉSENTE
E L L E F A N N I N G
À 18 ANS, ELLE ÉCRIT FRANKENSTEIN

ET RÉVOLUTIONNE LA LITTÉRATURE
DOUGLAS BOOTH BEL POWLEY MAISIE WILLIAMS
M ARY S HELLEY
CRÉATION
U N F I L M D E
H A I F A A A L - M A N S O U R

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T he silhouette of a massive construc-

Colorado Capitol Building in Denver. (VISIT DENVER)

Red Rocks Amphitheatre. (VISIT DENVER)

Mural in RiNo. (VISIT DENVER) Denver Skyline. (VISIT DENVER)

VISIT THE STANLEY HOTEL

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D ERBY LINE, Vt. — Parts of the

5. Borders can be places where tension bubbles

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ordered new signs, in English and French, for

5. to bubble over ici, sourdre, jaillir / skirmish

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