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«”HVlgH Kl m¢¨O mŒtH‘l K‘¬f G”a D¶f JHVH¬w™H Iƒ£ Quf ‘• G” œhjkî M¬hUî R‘ŒP “gƒ dt hlf ’m±‘…Pl R‘ŒPgH v¢l¥ ’© 2003 ’m¢g‘¬gH «Vjshljs‘jgH ml±kl
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E¬PjgH K‘kt Lguj dt xhskgH‘ Gh¥VgH M¬Uhslf ’h§¢¬H‘k xhqU• GbO Kl m¢g‘¬gH «Vjshljs‘jgH ml±kl L‘Œj
LU¬j‘ xVlgH GOH¬ mklh”gH M¬h¢ŒgH Kl KsPj‘ JHƒgH R¢ŒPj ««uj djgH m¢‘¢PgH JHVh§lgH d£‘ V¢”…jgH‘ Jhwk™H‘
.m¢Vafghf Q‘§kgH dt L£hsj‘ dkhsk™H L£h…jgH‘ L§…gH

p¢jj “gƒf‘ ’GwH‘jl G”af dg‘¬gH N‘jslgH ngU h§¢¬H‘k m”fa v¢s‘j ngU m¢g‘¬gH «Vjshljs‘jgH ml§l «”jVj
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«Vjshljs‘jgH D¬hk ml§l

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K”ljlgH GwH‘jlgH 2
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WOa G” Kî Gf ’m¢jHƒgH “jHVh§l m¢lkjf ¬§uj ¬V¥l Kl Ve”• dku¢ Hƒ§t «Vjshljs‘jgH D¬hk dt ‰H‘qU “k‘”g
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«Vjshljs‘jgH ¬§uj
:dj·hf ¬§uj• ’D¬hkgH dt ‘qU‘ m¢g‘¬gH «Vjshljs‘jgH ml±kl dt ‘qu” dkkî
÷Lh±jkhf D¬hkgH JhUhlj¥H VqP• K• 4
Kl v¢VhalgH ngU “gƒ dt H«”jVl ’i¥‘ Gl”• ngU m¢¬h¢ŒgH Lh§lgH‘ F¨OgH v¢Vhal v¢l¥ ¬H¬Uïf L‘r• K• 4
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.chlj¥BH Lh§l ƒ¢…kj‘ ¬H¬Uïf L‘r• K• 4
.xhkfgH‘ LUH¬gH L¢¢Œjghf xhqU®H dzbl« ¬‘«• K• 4
.H‘l¬Œj¢‘ H‘lguj¢ K• xhqU®H v¢l¥g nksj¢ njP ml¢lP‘ m¢fh¥¢î mz¢f ngU ±h…PgH dt D¬hkgH ¬UhsH K• 4
.D¬hkghf m¢VH¬™H mz¢§gH dt ‘qu” “gƒf Lh¢ŒgH dkl Fg¨¢ hl¬kU D¬hkgH ml¬Of L‘r• K• 4
.LHVjPH‘ V¢¬Œj G”f D¬hkgH T‘¢q‘ D¬hkgH xhqU• dzbl« GlhU• K• 4
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.«Vjshljs‘jgH m¢‘qU
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.«Vjshljs‘jgH GhlU•‘ m¨ak• v¢l¥ ƒ¢…kj xhke• M¬¢lPgH RbO®H‘ TVagH V¢¢hul ngU ±thP• K• 4

3 K”ljlgH GwH‘jlgH
K”ljlgH GwH‘jlgH 4
 Jh¢‘jPlgH mlzhr
6 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ml¬ŒlgH
9 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ¬‘l¥gH Vs” -1
13 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . “f¨O L±
¦ k -2
18 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . “t¬£ ¬¬P -3
22 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . h§¢Œgj T¢” -4
27 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ¬s¥gH myg -5
31 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . G‘®H LsŒgH – “zH¬• N‘jsl L¢¦r
32 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . J‘wgH MVfk c‘kj -6
36 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . “U‘q‘l dt EPfH -7
40 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . m¢zVlgH Gzhs‘gH LH¬OjsH vl T¢”jgH -8
44 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . M‘Œf vkrH -9
48 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . “¢uljsl L§gî -10
53 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . dkhegH LsŒgH – “zH¬• N‘jsl L¢¦r
55 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . vjllgH F¢¨OgH :L¬Œjl c‘Val
58 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . m¢g‘¬gH «Vjshljs‘jgH ml±klg K”ljlgH GwH‘jlgH Gh¥l‘ ¬zhŒgH Gh¥l
59 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . M«zh¥gH ¨‘Va
61 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . NVO®H M¬h¢ŒgH‘ GwH‘jgH WVt
“¢¬hk G‘P
63 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . D¬hkgH chlj¥H
63 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . chlj¥BH Jh¢g‘zsl‘ VH‘¬•
69 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . “¢¬hkf M¬h¢ŒgH
ƒŒklgH «Vjshljs‘jgH G¢g¬
72 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . “t‘hOl Kl WgOjj m¢…¢”
73 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . mf¨OgH JhU‘q‘l JhPHVjrH
73 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . mPhsgH JhU‘q‘l
74 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . F¢¨OgH L¢¬Œj m¢…¢”
74 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . F¢¨Ogg V”aghf i¥‘jgH
76 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ml¬ŒjlgH GwH‘jgH Fj”
77 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . K”ljlgH GwH‘jlgH M«zh¥ Fg¨ œƒ‘lk
78 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ‘qugH L¬Œj G¥s
79 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . D¬hkgH L¢¢Œj

5 K”ljlgH GwH‘jlgH
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vr‘lgH GbO Kl ¬¢Vj ngU G‘wPgH “k”l¢ hl” .m¢g‘¬gH
GbO Kl ‘• www.toastmasters.org :dk‘Vj”g™H
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“g‘ .WwŒgH m¢H‘V‘ m£h”…gH‘ K¢VO·H vl GwH‘jgH :Gel
djgH JHVh§lgH‘ h§sV¬j djgH Fj”gH Vh¢jOH dt m¢VPgH Rg¨l
“¢gU "L¬ŒjlgH µlhkVfgH" G‘P Jhl‘gulgH Kl ¬¢«lgg .h§lgujj
.117 mP…w ngî c‘¥VgH
M¬h¢ŒgH ngU F¢V¬jgH
¨Œt S¢g‘ JHVh§lgH Kl V¢e”gH “¢¬hk GbO Kl LgujgH “k”l¢
¬kU M¬h¢ŒgH JHVh§l dkfj K• “k”l¢ E¢P ’GwH‘jgH JHVh§l
.K”ljlgH ¬zhŒgH Fhj” dt VaugH JhU‘ValgH msHV¬ Kl xh§jkBH
Jk” ‘g hl” m¢thq™H JHVh§lgH Quf V‘¨j K• v¢¨jsj‘ Hƒ£
¨¨OgH R¢f¨j‘ vq‘ ngU Glujs E¢P ’D¬hkghf h¢VH¬î h‰…±‘l
K”llgH Kl‘ .xhqU®H Jh¥h¢jPH m¢fgj ngU D¬hkgH M¬Uhslg
ngU GlugH GbO Kl "mu¢tVgH M¬h¢ŒgH" µlhkVf SV¬j K• hq¢•
hl” .m¢k§lgH ‘• m¢wOagH “jh¢Pf Rguj¢ D¬h¢r c‘Val
NVO®H Jhl±klgH dt M¬h¢ŒgH vrH‘l dt GlugH hq¢• “¬Uhs¢s
.“f mwhOgH M¬h¢ŒgH JHVh§l V¢‘¨j ngU
M¬¢¬U J‡th”lgH
V¢¬Œj Lj¢s Gf ’FsPt M¬h¢ŒgH‘ GwH‘jgH JHVh§l Lgujj Kg “kî
Fhj”gH Hƒ£ dt MVaugH v¢Vhalgg “lhljî ¬V¥lft .hq¢• “¬‘§¥
Kl M¬ljul M¬h§a d£‘ ’K”ljlgH GwH‘jlgH M¶th”l ngU GwPjs
‘• J¢fgH dt h§qVuj K• K”llgH Kl‘ m¢g‘¬gH «Vjshljs‘jgH
hfh¨O m¢g‘¬gH «Vjshljs‘jgH ml±kl GsVjs hl” .Fj”lgH
GhP dt v¢VhalgH Iƒ£ “lhljî ngU ¬§a¢ GlugH dt “s¢zVg
.“gƒ “jfYV
K¢gh¥l “g Vt‘j «Vjshljs‘jght .¨Œt m¢H¬fgH d£ Iƒ£ Kî
m¢lkj igbO Kl v¢¨jsj DƒgH‘ GwH‘jgH Gh¥l :hl£ Lgujgg
m¢lkj igbO Kl v¢¨jsj DƒgH‘ M¬h¢ŒgH Gh¥l‘ ’mfh¨OgH JHVh§l
Lj¢ ’GwH‘jgH Gh¥l dt “Vjaj hl¬kU‘ .m¢¬h¢ŒgH JHVh§lgH
L¬Œjl GwH‘jl”‘ (D«k‘VfgH D‘jslgH) L¬Œjl GwH‘jl” “V¢¬Œj
hl¬kU‘ .(df£ƒgH D‘jslgH) L¬Œjl GwH‘jl”‘ (dq…gH D‘jslgH)
hl¢t V”ƒ hl” ’K”ljl ¬zhŒ” “V¢¬Œj Lj¢ ’M¬h¢ŒgH Gh¥l dt “Vhaj
D‘jslgH) L¬Œjl ¬zhŒ”‘ (D«k‘VfgH D‘jslgH) L¬Œjl ¬zhŒ”‘ ’Rfs
K”llgH Kl Gf ’VO·H hl£¬P• nkejs¢ B K¢gh¥lgH‘ .(dq…gH
Lh¢ŒgH Gq…lgH Kl ikî Gf ’Jr‘gH S…k dt K¢gh¥lgH ngU GlugH
«¢ljlgH «Vjshljs‘jgH M¶th”l dt Gelj¢ dzh§kgH V¢¬ŒjgH Kî .“gƒf
K¢gwhPgH‘ K¢gh¥lgH b” dt K‘glu¢ K¢ƒgH “zg‘® pklj½ djgH
 MxHVr “¢gU .G‘®H “jf¨O c‘Valg ¬H¬U™H dt •¬fH ÷HV¢O•‘ -5
GlugH‘ ''L¢¢ŒjgH G¢g¬'' “gƒ dt hlf ’m¢hkuf "G‘®H c‘ValgH"
¬H¬U™hf Lr .“s…k KU mf¨O mfhj” G¥• Kl “¬aVl vl
¬H¬U™ht ’H‰VHV”j‘ H‰VHVl “jf¨O ngU FV¬j‘ ¬¢¥gH
Gf ’¨Œt ng‘®H mf¨OgH “gj ngU H‰V‘wŒl S¢g F¢V¬jgH‘
ngU FgyjgH ngU Hƒ£ “¬Uhs¢s‘ h§¢Œgj mf¨O G” ngU K‘”¢
.Gqt• h‰e¬Pjl “gu¥¢g Vj‘j D•
MV¢O• MV”t
«Vjshljs‘jgH µlhkVf K• WOa K¢¢bl mufV• Kl Ve”• ¬”C¢s
“gƒ” K‘”j B K”g‘ ’m¢¬¥‘ mghut‘ m¢glU µlHVf dgU Glja¢
mkŒjlgH F¨OgH xhŒgî‘ MVljslgH m”VhalgH‘ ¬¢¥gH ¬H¬U™hf Bî
.Kh”l™H V¬r
Fsh”lgH Vuajsj‘ ¬§ajs‘ “s…k ngU µlhkVfgH R¢f¨jf Lr
.“jh¢P FkH‘¥ v¢l¥ dt M‘¥VlgH
“g ¬¬P¢ K• m¢l¢gujgH K‘Cagg D¬hkgH S¢zV Fzhk Kl Fg¨H -2
d£ djgH ''¬‘l¥gH Vs”'' ng‘®H “jf¨O “hŒg® H¬U‘l
’GhlU®H G‘¬¥ “g pls Hƒî .Fhj”gH Hƒ£ dt 1 LrV c‘ValgH
chlj¥BH dt ng‘®H “jf¨O dŒgjs “k• JBhljPBH Vf”• Klt
Fg¨j¢ VO› c¸ hlj¥H dt HV‘¬ “g ¬¬P¢s Gr®H ngU ‘• dghjgH
JUVs• hlg”t .D¬hkgH xhqU• Kl “zbl« Lhl• mf¨O xhŒgî
F¥¢ hl” .cVs• “lguj Kh” hlg” ’D¬hkgH dt “jf¨O xhŒgïf
K‘Cagg D¬hkgH S¢zV Fzhk Kl Fg¨j K• h‰q¢• “¢gU
Fzhk “g –Va¢s .D¬hkgH dt “§¢¥‘jf L‘Œ¢ K• m¢l¢gujgH
m¢…¢” i¢¥‘jgH Hƒ£ GbO Kl m¢l¢gujgH K‘Cagg D¬hkgH S¢zV
mthqî ’D¬hkgH h§l¬Œ¢ djgH m¢l¢gujgH WV…gH‘ D¬hkgH GlU
“tH¬£• iul Arhkjs‘ .D¬hkghf ‘qu” “jh¢g‘Csl ngî
R¢ŒPj ngU h§gbO Kl D¬hkgH “¬Uhs¢ T‘s djgH mŒ¢V¨gH‘
.TH¬£®H “gj
Hƒ£ pq‘¢ E¢P .94 mP…w dt "“¢¬hk G‘P" Lsr •VrH -3
xhqU• VH‘¬• “gƒ”‘ ’D¬hkgH JhUhlj¥H dt DV¥¢ hl LsŒgH
m¢…¢”‘ h§f Lh¢ŒgH “kl Fg¨¢½s djgH‘ D¬hkgH dt chlj¥BH
m¢ƒ¢…kjgH mz¢§gH xhqU• KU Jhl‘gul hq¢• TVujs .“gƒ
.L§jh¢g‘Csl‘ D¬hkgg
T‘s DƒgH‘ (202 LrV G¢g¬) "Ghu…gH L¢¢ŒjgH" F¢j” SV¬H -4
D¬h¢r V‘¬ G” L¢¢Œj Lj¢s .¬¢¬¥gH ‘qugH mf¢ŒP dt ilgsjj
xhqU®H ¬P• Gfr Kl D¬hkgH dt h§zhŒgïf L‘Œj mf¨O G”‘
m¢¬h¢ŒgH VH‘¬®H L¢¢Œjf L‘Œj K• hq¢• “kl Fg¨¢¸ T‘s‘
L¢¢ŒjgH Hƒ£ p¢j¢‘ .K¢VOBH xhqU©g F¨OgH v¢Vhal‘
K¢sPj ngU L£¬Uhsj ¬r djgH Jh±PblgH xhqU®H v¢l¥g
m¢glU DV¥j T¢” TVuj K• L§lgH Kl ikït “gƒg‘ ’L§jHVh§l
m¢gluf Lh¢ŒgH m¢…¢” "Ghu…gH L¢¢ŒjgH" œƒ‘lk pq‘¢ .L¢¢ŒjgH
¬r‘ .h§¢gU GwPj djgH Jhl¢¢Œjghf Gu…j Hƒhl‘ L¢¢ŒjgH
¬¢¬¥gH ‘qugH mU‘l¥l dt K¢VO› K¢VH¬wî hq¢• JlgjsH
myg :JHxhl¢™H‘ (199 LrV G¢g¬) "“j‘w MVfk" :hl£
m¥hPf Jsg “kî ’GhP D• ngU .(201 LrV G¢g¬) ¬s¥gH
“k• Kl ¬”¶j K”g‘ ’K·H K¢fhj”gH K¢ƒ£ MxHVŒg mPgl
Gl”j hl¬kU K¢f¢j”gH K¢ƒ£ MxHVr ngî œhjPjs .hl§”gjlj
L§k• hl” .mfh¨OgH v¢Vhal Kl mebe ‘• K¢U‘Val
.m¢s¢zVgH mfh¨OgH JHVh§l Quf V¢‘¨j dt “k‘¬Uhs¢s
K”ljlgH GwH‘jlgH 8
 1 1
m¢ƒ¢…kjgH mrb¨kBH
“jf¨O c‘Val dt L‘Œj T‘s
“s…k L¢¬Œj‘ E¬Pjghf ng‘®H
hPq‘l ’D¬hkgH xhqU• ’“zbl«g
“j¢…gO KU Jhl‘gulgH Quf
K• G‘hP .“jhP‘l¨‘ “jhlhlj£H‘
Lhl• “jf¨O xhŒgî ngU FV¬jj
GlUH‘ “jVs• ¬HVt•‘ “zhr¬w•
m¢wOagH “jHVfO dt ShkgH “Vha‘ E¬Pj
mgwjl “k¢U Gu¥j K• ngU H¬£h¥
K• K”llgH Kl .V‘qPgH vl MVahfl
xhŒgî xhke• "m¢V¢”ƒj mrh¨f" Glujsj
.“gƒ dt FYVj Jk” Hƒî mf¨OgH
igl”¶f c‘ValgH MxHVr “¢gU F¥¢
.“jf¨O ¬H¬Uî Gfr
:TH¬£®H
.V‘§l¥gH Lhl• E¬Pjghf •¬fj K•4
h§l¬OjsH‘ Vl®H L«g Hƒî h§±…PH .V‘qPgH
djgH mfh¨OgH JHVh§l Taj”j K•4
JHVh§lgH “gƒ”‘ Gu…ghf h§”gjlj
.Lhlj£BH Quf œhjPj djgH
Rzhr¬ Js ngî vfV• Kl :Jr‘gH
9 K”ljlgH GwH‘jlgH
m¢s¢zVgH Vh”t®H “g –‘gj K• ¬V¥lft
“jwr h§kl µskH‘ h§l¬OjsH ’“gŒU dt
h§f VfOj Jk” ‘g hl” mŒ¢V¨f h§fj”H‘
.Lhu¨gH mf¬¶l ngU K¢sgh¥ LjkH‘ “zhr¬w•
m¢wOagH V‘l®H KU Je¬Pj hlg”t .mlh§gH
Ve”• mrbugH Jkh” hlg” ’Vf”• MV‘wf
.“V‘§l¥ K¢f‘ “k¢f m¢l¢lP
c‘q‘l‘ ml¬Œl
mf¨OgH mljhO‘
D• Gel “gƒ dt h§gel ’“jf¨O œhjPj
.mPqH‘ mljhO‘ m¢H¬f ngî ’M¬¢¥ mwr
IhfjkH h§f ¬aj mujll mgl¥f “jf¨O •¬fH
h§zhŒgî Gfr Gqt• MV”t “g J•V¨ ‘g njP
M¬¢¥ mljhO V”jfH Le ’MVahfl
.hq¢• h§±…P•‘
h§±…Pf Jlr djgH mljhOgH‘ m¢H¬fgH Kî
mŒef “jf¨O xh§kî‘ x¬f Kl “k”lj
G” dt L‘Œj K• “g Gqt®H Kl‘ .mk¢k¶l¨‘
Ebe) m¢s¢zV VwhkU M¬U Vh¢jOhf mf¨O
h§lU¬H‘ (Ve”®H ngU mufV• ‘• VwhkU
.JhP‘V¨• ‘• Wwr ‘• mgel• LH¬Ojshf
JgwH‘ Le mŒ¢ŒPgH ¨Œt J¬Vs Hƒî K”g
v¢qjs “V‘§l¥ L±ul Kït ’“jf¨O
¬¢¬Pj “¢gU F¥¢t .L§kl m¢s¢zVgH VwhkugH
Jhlg”f HVHVl IVV”j‘ h¢shs• HVwkU
mgel®hf ds¢zVgH VwkugH Hƒ£ LU¬H .m…gjOl
il§t Lj¢ njP MVl Kl Ve”• I¬Vsf Lr Le
K• ¬fB M¬¢¥ MVh§l Iƒ§t .pqH‘ G”af
mgel®H‘ m¢s¢zVgH “VwhkU VjOH .h§lgujj
K• Kl ¬”¶j‘ ’Lhlj£hf h§g mlU¬lgH
V‘§l¥gH TVwj ¬r H¬¥ m…¢e”gH Jhl‘gulgH
.m¢s¢zVgH VwhkugH KU
c‘ValgH
¬‘l¥gH Vs”
K·H
F¨O ngî JuljsH ¬r‘
D¬hkgH xhqU• Kl M¬¢¬U
p¥V®H ngU Jlr‘
¬Œt ’mPhsgH JhU‘q‘l dt m”Vhalghf
m¦¬ulgH ng‘®H “jf¨O dŒgjg mwV…gH “jxh¥
.''KhsggH M¬ŒU'' Kl WgOjj‘ hŒfsl
Q‘O h§f •¬fj mŒ¢V¨ Gqt• Kî
KU E¢¬Pghf •¬fj K• d£ mfh¨OgH mfV¥j
.“s…k KU K”¢g‘ – i…g¶j c‘q‘l
K• Kl Vf”• c‘q‘lgH Hƒ£ Vfju¢ vf¨ghf
’Rzhr¬ Js ngî vfV• Kl mf¨O i¢‘jPj
“Vh¢jOH GbO Kl iŒ¢qj K• “¢gU K”g‘
FkH‘¥ Kl mlh£ FkH‘¥ mufV• ‘• mebeg
xhqU• “zbl« d¨ujs djgH‘ “jh¢P
Kl‘ .“j¢wOag L§…jgH‘ MV”…gH D¬hkgH
Jhl‘gul FkH‘¥gH “gj Klqjj K• K”llgH
.“jVs• ‘• “l¢guj ‘• “¬b¢l Kh”l KU
ngî Jgw‘ T¢” –Vaj K• “k”l¢
VfOj K• “k”l¢ hl” ’m¢ghPgH “j…¢±‘
K”llgH Kl ‘• .“jhP‘l¨ KU V‘qPgH
MVjt dt hl E¬P V¢e¶j N¬l –Vaj K•
D¬jVj me¬Pjlt .h§g” “jh¢P ngU “fhfa
D¬jVjt ’h§jh¢P KU E¬Pjj hl¬kU mufŒgH
h§lh¢r KU E¬Pjj hl¬kU MVh¢s ¬zhr mufr
’K·H i¢gU L£ hl ngî h§gh…¨• G¢w‘jf
Arhkj hl¬kU xh…¨™H G¥V mufr D¬jVj‘
h§§¥H‘j djgH ''JBhu…kBH'' ‘• Jhl«®H
S¢zV mufr D¬jVj‘ ’h§glU dt h¢l‘¢
.of¨ghf h§…ya KU E¬Pjj hl¬kU Mh§¨gH
K‘uljs¢ K¢ƒgH xhqU®H Kl ¬¢¬ugH vl mgwjl “k¢U Gu¥H
WOa ngî MVahfl V±k• m¢H¬fgH dt .“jf¨O xhŒgH xhke• “¢gî
Vuajs “gƒf‘ .VO› WOa ngî V±k• Le ’dkH‘e M¬ug ¬PH‘
ngU MV±k “jf¨O xhke• dŒg• .“jf¨O Kl x«¥ L§k• ShkgH
Jk• hlk¢f VlP®H K‘ggH xhq• Hƒït .VO· K¢P Kl djhŒ¢lgH
±PB .mUVsf “jf¨O d§kH‘ mljhOgH ngî m…Of GŒjkH ’E¬Pjj
.VHVljshf Jr‘gH m¢¬‘¬Pl
Hƒî “fkh¥f h§uq .“¢¬¢ m”VPf igu…j hl K¶af RgŒj B
KVljg mwVt “¢¬g K‘”¢s‘ .‰hPh¢jVH Ve”• “gu¥¢ “gƒ Kh”
dt ¬uf hl¢t "¬s¥gH myg" LH¬OjsH‘ KhŒjî ngU “s…k
.ml¬hŒgH v¢VhalgH
"L”g HV”a" ÷G‘Œ¢ xhf¨OgH Quf Kî .mljhOghf “jf¨O d§kH
Vl®H Hƒ£ K”g‘ ’J§jkH ¬r L§jf¨O K• V‘qPgg H‘k¢f¢g m¢h§kgH dt
ngî °l‘• ’“jf¨O LjOj K• ¬uf ’“gƒ Kl B¬f‘ .DV‘Vq V¢Y
"chlj¥BH m…¢VU/T¢VU (M¬¢sgH) ¬¢sgH" ÷Gr Le chlj¥BH T¢VU
.L§Œ¢…wjf vjljsH‘
“s…k L¢r
K• Gfr njP “s…k L¢¢Œj K”llgH Kl ’mf¨OgH Kl xh§jkBH ¬uf
dt mlh§gH xH«¥®H Quf J¢sk “k• K±j ¬r .“¬uŒlg ¬‘uj
“jf¨O “zhŒgî ngU “s…k °k£ .“gƒ ¬Œju¢ F¢¨O G”t .“jf¨O
h§zH¬¶f Jlr ¬r “kH ¬Œjuj djgH xh¢a®H G¢¥sjf Lr Le ’ng‘®H
GhO¬î dt FYVj djgH xh¢a®H “gƒ”‘ i¥‘ Gl”• ngU
.Gqt• ml¬hŒgH “jf¨O Gu¥jg h§¢gU Jhk¢sPj
Kl V¢fO ‘qU K¢¢uj Lj¢ ikït ’djHƒgH “l¢¢Œj Gl”j d”g‘
“l¢Œlg chlj¥BH x¬f Gfr Fhj”gH Hƒ£ d¨U• .“zH¬• L¦¢Œ¢g D¬hkgH
L¢¢ŒjgH mP…w dt Jh±PblgH Quf G¥s¢ K• v¢¨js¢ njP
hlzH¬ b¥s GlugH Hƒ£ “¢¨u¢ T‘s .c‘ValgH Hƒ§f mwhOgH
K• “¢gut ’‰hk¢ul ‰hz¢a m±Pbl L¢ŒlgH Kl J¬V• Hƒî .“l¬Œjg
.‰hŒfsl if IVfOj
¬uf m¢thqî Jh±Pbl “‘¨u¢ K• K¢VO› xhqU• Kl Fg¨H
MVwjOl m¢V¢VPj Jh±Pbl QufgH “¢¨u¢ hlfV) chlj¥BH
JHƒ Jh±PblgH “gj G” K‘”j B• K”llgH Kl .(chlj¥BH xhke•
.VhfjUBH K¢uf H¬¢¥ h§uqj K• “¢gU K”g‘ ’“g mfskghf ml¢r
.mf¨OgH “gjg “zH¬• m¢…¢” KU V±k m§¥‘ ‘£ L¢¢Œj G” K• V”ƒj
V¢‘¨j ngU xHV·H Iƒ£ “¬Uhsj – hlzH¬ S¢g‘ – M¬hugH dt‘
.WhOgH “zH¬•
’m¢V¢”ƒj Jhrh¨f ‘• RHV‘• LH¬OjsB m¥hPf “k• J¬ŒjUH Hƒî
.Jhrh¨fgH Iƒ£ ngU “jf¨O KU Lbr• S‘CV mfhj” K”llgH Kl
K• ‘£ T¬§gH K• V”ƒj‘ .h§¢gî œhjPj hl¬kU Bî h§¢gî v¥Vj B
mfhj”f •¬f¢ xhf¨OgH Kl V¢e”t .Jfj” hl •VŒj K• B mf¨O dŒgj
Lsr G” D‘jP¢ E¢Pf xH«¥• ngî h§lsŒ¢ Le ’h§gl”¶f mf¨OgH
m¢s¢zVgH Jhlg”gH mfhj”f m¢h§kgH dt L‘Œ¢ Le ’m¢s¢zV mlg” ngU
.M¬PH‘ Jh±Pbl mrh¨f ngU ¨Œt
mf¨OgH xhŒg™ ¬ujsH
“¢gU €h§zhŒg™ ¬ujsl Jk• G£ K”g‘ ’K·H M«£h¥ mf¨OgH
m¥hPf Jsg “k•‘ .h§¢gU ¬hjuj njP mf¨OgH xhŒgH ngU FV¬jgH
.c‘q‘lgH KU xda G” TVuj “k• E¢P mf¨OgH Kjl ±…Pg
.mf¨OgH mljhO‘ m¢PhjjtH ±…P “¢gU F¥¢ ’h…k› V”ƒ hl”‘
“zhr¬w• ¬P• ‘• mgzhugH ¬HVt• ¬P• ngU mf¨OgH xhŒgïf Lr
’h§¢gU R¢gujgH L§kl Fg¨• .“f WhOgH «Vjshljs‘jgH ¬aVl ‘•
Kh” Hƒî .M¬¢…lgH Jh±PblgH‘ JhPHVjrBH Quf “k‘¨u¢ ¬Œt
’m¢hkuf h§¢gî vljsH Le mf¨OgH G¢¥sjf Lr ’G¢¥sj «h§¥ “¢¬g
LH¬Ojsht .h§k¢sPj G¥• Kl DV‘Vq ik• ¬¥j xHV¥î D• ƒOjH‘
MV¬r K¢sPjg RV¨gH Gqt• Kl ‰H¬PH‘ Vfju¢ G¢¥sjgH mg›
.“¢¬g mfh¨OgH
xhakî" h§k• ngU mŒ¢V¨gH Iƒ£ dt V¢”…jgH Kl B¬f‘
Kl mU‘l¥l Lhl• E¢¬P h§k• ngU h§¢t V¢”…jgH “¢gU’"mf¨O
Kl naOj B .muthkgH Jhl‘gulgH igbO Kl G¬hfjj xhr¬w®H
Jk• ia¢huj DƒgH V‘uagH S…k Gfr Kl H‘a¢hU ¬r L§t ’V‘§l¥gH
!“j¬Uhslg K‘slPjl L§k• hl” –h¥kgH “g K‘¬¢V¢ L§kî .K·H
.“jf¨O‘ Fshkj¢ hl D¬jVH‘ hl¬k§l K” :V§±lgH m¢l£•
K¢P‘ .“s…k KU hqVghf Vuajs L¬k§l “V§±l K‘”¢ hl¬kut
.“jf¨O ngU ¨Œt «”Vjs‘ “V§±lf GhyakBH nskjs Kƒî
.V‘qPgH N¬g H‰¬¢¥ h‰Uhf¨kH JŒŒP “k• “k¢Œ¢g “jŒe ¬H¬«js
mf¨OgH xhŒgî
’x‘¬§ghf “¢gU ’h§¢gU KVljgH‘ mf¨OgH ¬H¬Uïf Lh¢ŒgH ¬V¥lf
dt‘ .ijVfO Jkh” hl§l ’F¢¨OgH N¬g T‘g¶l Vl• Vj‘jght
Gluj h§gu¥jg Vj‘jgH mrh¨ G‘Pj K• K”llgH Kl ’mŒ¢ŒPgH
¬P• B .“jf¨O dgU MVhe™H T¢qjg h§lH¬Ojshf “Pghwg
GhP m¢• ngU‘ ’“j‘w ngU V§±¢ DƒgH “hfjVBH ±Pb¢s
¬¢«lgH ¬¥j T‘s) .G‘Œj hl¢t µl¬kj hl¬kU V‘…gH ngU d…jO¢s
(112 mP…w dt Vj‘jgH ngU MV¨¢sgH G‘P Jhl‘gulgH Kl
.x¨ff S…kgH œVO•‘ hŒ¢lU hs…k ƒO ’“jf¨O x¬f ¬kU
m§¥H‘lf •¬fH .h‰¢u¢f¨ K‘”¢ K• ngU “j‘w K¢VljgH Hƒ£ ¬Uhs¢s
Le ’chlj¥BH m…¢VU/T¢VU (M¬¢sgH) ¬¢sgH Gr‘ chlj¥BH T¢VU
dzbl«'' ‘• ''M¬hsgH‘ JH¬¢sgH'' ÷Gr‘ V‘§l¥gH ‘Pk i¥jH
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ds¢zVgH Vwkugg m¢UV…gH VwhkugH K‘”j K• K”llgH Kl ’GhelgH
ngU D‘jPj i”H‘…ght'' :dg¢ hl” IbU• IV”ƒ ¬VH‘gH 1 LrV
dt Ls¥gH h§l¬Ojs¢ djgH K‘£¬gH‘ Jhk¢j‘VfgH‘ JHV¬¢£‘fV”gH
.''h¢bOgH xhkf ‘• mrh¨gH ¬¢g‘j
m¢s¢zVgH MV”…gg‘ h§g M¬khsl M¬hlf dUVt VwkU G” vfj¢ Le
:ngU M¬hlgH Iƒ£ Gljaj‘
djgH Jhl‘gulgH d¨yjg m¢¬¬U RV¨ d£‘ :Jh¢zhwP™H 4
.E¬H‘PgH‘ Jhkh¢fgH‘ EH¬P®hf Rgujj
WhOa®H Kl xHV› ‘• JhshfjrH d£‘ :K¢£HVfgH‘ mg¬®H 4
.c‘q‘lgH dt MVfOgH D‘ƒ
vr‘ E¬P ngî M¬hugH dt dljkj :m¢¥P• ‘• Wwr ‘• mgel• 4
.ikU J•Vr hl WOa ‘• itVuj WOag ‘• “g
Gzhs‘gH “gj K‘”j K• K”llgH Kl :m¢zVlgH Gzhs‘gH 4
œƒhlk ‘• Jhls¥l ‘• V‘w ‘• ¨zHVO ‘• m¢kh¢f Jhl‘sV
LH¬OjsH G‘P Jhl‘gulgH Kl V¢e”gH “hk£) .VO› xda D• ‘•
(8 c‘ValgH dt m¢zVlgH Gzhs‘gH
 M¬¬PlgH “jl§l
’MVeClgH mf¨OgH L¢±kj ngU Fwkl mf¨OgH Iƒ£ dt «¢”VjgH Kî
:d£ “gƒ dt “jl§l‘
mufhjlf “V‘§l¥g plsj “U‘q‘lg mfshkl m¨O Vh¢jOH 4
.msgs MV‘wf “jf¨O L§t‘
K• F¥¢‘ ’V‘§l¥gg mfskghf mPqH‘ “jghsV Gu¥j K• 4
M¬hlgH‘ m¢UV…gH‘ m¢s¢zVgH VwhkugH mghsVgH Iƒ£ LU¬j
.h§g M¬khslgH
m¢ghŒjkH mgzs• ‘• Gl¥ ‘• JHVhfU ‘• Jhlg” L¬Ojsj K• 4
.NVO• ngî MV”t Kl GŒjkj hl¬kU mfshkl
¬¢…lgH Kl ik• ¬¥j ¬Œt ’m¢‘r mljhO‘ m¢PhjjtH V”jfj K• 4
.G‘®H c‘Valghf Jgut hlgel ¨hŒkgH “gjf ±h…jPBH
¬kU G‘®H c‘Valgg “l¢¢Œj Kl mgO¬lgH JhPHVjrBH 4
.h§¢gU FV¬jgH‘ mf¨Ogg “¬H¬Uî
ngî v¥VH ’mf¨OgH L¢±kj G‘P Jhl‘gulgH Kl ¬¢«lgg‘
LrV G¢g¬) ''“jf¨O L±k'' "Gqt®H F¢¨OgH" mgsgs µlhkVf
G‘®H c‘ValgH dt F¢¨OgH mu¥HVl mlzhr QVujsH .(276
.“jf¨Og ¬H¬U™hf L‘Œj hl¬kU
mf¨OgH xH«¥• K¢f JbŒkjgg hlhlj£H ¨U•
Kl msbsf “VPjgH dt M¬UhslgH ngî œhjP¢ V‘§l¥gH Kî
ml¢ŒgH V‘s¥gH JbŒkjgH Iƒ£ p¢jj‘ ’c‘q‘l ngî c‘q‘l
iulsl ngU nŒgj djgH Vh”t®H vfjj ngU V‘§l¥gH ¬Uhsj djgH
M¬hU JbŒkjgH L¬Ojsj .Vh”t®H “gj K¢f mrbugH ig pq‘j‘
“VPjj hl¬kU
c‘q‘lgH ngî mf¨OgH ml¬Œl Kl 4
dUV…gH VwkugH ngî ds¢zVgH VwkugH Kl 4
M¬khslgH M¬hlgH ngî dUV…gH VwkugH Kl 4
VO› dshs• VwkU ngî M¬khslgH M¬hlgH Kl 4
mljhOgH ngî M¬khsl M¬hl VO› Kl 4
Gl¥ ‘• JHVhfU ‘• Jhlg” JBhŒjkBH K‘”j KH K”llgH Kl
/ K”g / “gƒ” / ¬uf) m¢ghŒjkBH Jhlg”gH Quf Kl‘ .mgzs• ‘•
Quf Kl‘ .(Le / xhke• / ¬uf / Gfr / B¬f / HV¢O• / dghjghf
/ “gƒ Kl LYVgH ngU / “gƒg m¥¢jk” / g hŒf¨)m¢ghŒjkBH JHVhfugH
/ “gƒ ngî mthq™hf / bel / GhelgH G¢fs ngU / “gƒ ngU M‘bU
/ bel FVqkg / dku¢ Hƒ£ / m¢l£• Ve”®H Kl / f •¬fk hkU¬
Hƒ£ Kh” Hƒî'' m¢ghŒjkBH Gl¥gH Quf Kl‘ .(VhfjUBH K¢uf vqkg
K• F¥¢'' ''€WOa G” il‘hŒ¢ Hƒhlgt ’V¢f” G”af L¢r µlhkVfgH
G‘®H ÷¬¢¬¥gH µjklgH Hƒ£ V¢‘¨jg xh¢a• mebe VhfjUBH K¢uf vqk
''...:‘£ EghegH‘ ...:‘£ dkhegH‘ ...:‘£
K”ljlgH GwH‘jlgH 16
 L¢¢Œj œƒ‘lk

“jf¨O L±k
________________________________________________________________________ KH‘kugH

__________________________ o¢VhjgH ________________________________________ L¢¦ŒlgH LsH

ngU mf¨OgH D‘jPj‘ .¬¬Pl‘ pqH‘ T¬£ dgî V‘§l¥gH ¬aVj mŒ¢V¨f h§l¢±kj Lj mf¨O xhŒgïf F¢¨OgH L‘Œ¢ :L¢¦Œlgg Jh±Pbl
Klt .Vh”t®H‘ RzhŒPgH K¢f mŒ¢rV‘ msgs JbŒkj vl mfshkl M¬khsl M¬hl‘ m¢s¢zV VwhkU ‘• RzhŒP‘ mljhO‘ c‘q‘l‘ m¢PhjjtH
JhŒ¢gujgH L¢¬Œjf Lr‘ mzt G” dt mf¨OgH T¢kwj GbO Kl dghjgH L¢¢ŒjgH œƒ‘lk Ghl”î “¢gU ’d§…agH “l¢¢Œj ngî mthq™hf ÷“gqt
.h§f m¢w‘jgH Lj¢ M¬¬Pl JHxHV¥î ‘•

«hjll = 5
F¢¨OgH MVfO N‘jsl G¬ul Kl ngU• = 4
G‘fŒl = 3
KsPj¢ K• K”llgH Kl = 2
m¢hkU ngH œhjP¢ = 1

JhPHVjrBH/JhŒ¢gujgH T¢kwjgHV¢¬ŒjgH mz…gH

1 2 3 4 5 mf¨OgH ml¢r 4
(vljslgg mfskghf N«yl JHƒ‘ mŒ¢a)
1 2 3 4 5 ¬H¬U™H 4
(F¢V¬jgH‘ EPfgH)
1 2 3 4 5 L¢±kjgH 4
(pqH‘‘ dŒ¨kl)
1 2 3 4 5 m¢PhjjtBH 4
(c‘q‘lgH ngî ¬‘Œj‘ IhfjkBH dUVjsj)
(c‘q‘lgH ngî
1 2 3 4 5 c‘q‘lgH N‘jPl 4
D‘jP¢‘ Fshkl‘ ¬¢¥ G”af dfh¢skH)
(mlUH¬ ¬H‘l ngU
1 2 3 4 5 mljhOgH 4
(mghut)
1 2 3 4 5 GhŒjkBH 4
(M¬¢…l‘ mfshkl)

€m¢gUht Ve”• mf¨OgH Gu¥¢g F¢¨OgH if L‘Œ¢ K• K”llgH Kl Kh” DƒgH TgjOlgH xdagH ‘£ hl 4

€mf¨OgH dt “f¥U• DƒgH hl 4

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K”ljlgH GwH‘jlgH 18
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19 K”ljlgH GwH‘jlgH
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m¢ghu…kBH mrh¨gH M«¢l GyjsH .L§kl h…zhO K‘”j K® Ffs “¢¬g
K• dt V‘§l¥gH ¬Uhs¢ T‘s Hƒ§t – “jf¨O ngî MVhe™H T¢qjg
mlg”gH nkul G”f m¢ghu…kBH mrh¨gH GyjsH ’“gƒ” .“shlPf Ve¶j¢
c‘q‘l “¢¬g K‘”¢ hl¬kut .h§¢gU FV¬jgH‘ “jf¨O ¬H¬Uî dt
¬r‘ Hƒ£ ’M¬¢¥ mŒ¢V¨f ml±kl M¬hl‘ pqH‘ T¬£ “¢¬g‘ ’“V¢e¢
mt‘g¶l JPfw• h§k• m¥V¬g ¬¢¥ G”af mf¨OgH ngU JfV¬j
Kl‘ .H‰Vj‘jl “gu¥¢ K• K”llgH Kl Ffs ¬¥‘¢ bt ’“g mfskghf
Vj‘jgH ngU MV¨¢sgH G‘P M¬¢…lgH Vh”t®H Quf ¬¥j K• K”llgH
.71 mP…w dt
m¢V¢”ƒj Jhrh¨f K‘¬f h§zhŒgî G‘hP
GŒk dt “jfYVt .mf¨OgH dt m¢V¢”ƒj Jhrh¨f L¬Ojsj B• G‘hP
Jhrh¨f ngU ¬hljUBH GbO Kl R¬wgH‘ mshlPgH‘ mŒegH
GbO Klt .ds”ugH chf¨kBH GŒk¢ K• K”llgH Kl ’m¢V¢”ƒj
Kl E¬PjgH Kl Ve”• “fgr Kl E¬PjgH‘ V‘§l¥ghf “k¢U GhwjH
.V‘§l¥gH ngU H‰V¢e¶j Ve”• K‘”js ’WkgH
m¢V¢”ƒjgH Jhrh¨fgH KU dgOjgg ¬H¬ujsH ngU K”j Lg Kî‘
G” mfhj”f Lr :m¢ghjgH mŒ¢V¨ghf Lh¢ŒgH G‘hPj K• K”llgH Klt ’h‰¢g”
mrh¨f ngU MV¢f” T‘VPf “jf¨O VwhkU Kl ds¢zV VwkU
K”ljlgH GwH‘jlgH 20
 L¢¢Œj œƒ‘lk

T¬§gH R¢ŒPj
________________________________________________________________________ KH‘kugH

__________________________ o¢VhjgH ________________________________________ L¢¦ŒlgH LsH

mf¨OgH L¢±kj Lj¢ .¬¬Pl QVY‘ (m¢gsjgH‘ chkr™H‘ VhfO´g) pqH‘ LhU QVY h§g mf¨O ¬H¬Uïf F¢¨OgH L‘Œ¢ :L¢¦Œlgg Jh±Pbl
F¢¨OgH L‘Œ¢‘ .QHVY®H Iƒ£ R¢ŒPjg hul mf¨OgH mljhO‘ K‘lqlf ml¬ŒlgH ¨fV F¥¢‘ .QHVY®H Iƒ£ RŒPj djgH mŒ¢V¨ghf
Ghl”î n¥V¢ ’d§…agH “l¢¢Œjg mthq™hf‘ .ig MV‘w Gr• dt K‘”¢ K• F¥¢ hl” .m¢V¢”ƒj Jhrh¨f LH¬OjsH L¬ug nus¢‘ ¨¢¨Ojghf
:m¢ghjgH Jhz…gH Kl mzt G” dt F¨OgH T¢kwj GbO Kl dghjgH L¢¢ŒjgH

«hjll = 5
F¢¨OgH MVfO N‘jsl G¬ul Kl ngU• = 4
G‘fŒl = 3
KsPj¢ K• K”llgH Kl = 2
m¢hkU ngH œhjP¢ = 1

JhPHVjrBH / JhŒ¢gujgH T¢kwjgH

1 2 3 4 5 .hPqH‘ Kh” mf¨Ogg LghugH QVygH 4

1 2 3 4 5 .hPqH‘ Kh” mf¨Ogg WhOgH QVygH 4
1 2 3 4 5 QVygH LU¬ ngU Glu¢ mf¨OgH L¢±kj 4
.mf¨Ogg ¬¬PlgH
1 2 3 4 5 M¬khslgH M¬hlgH‘ m¢shs®H VwhkugH 4
.¬¬PlgH mf¨OgH QVY dt Jl£hs
1 2 3 4 5 dt H‘l£hs mljhOgH‘ K‘lqlgH‘ m¢H¬fgH 4
.¬¬PlgH QVygH L¢U¬j
1 2 3 4 5 .¬¬PlgH QVygH RŒP F¢¨OgH 4
1 2 3 4 5 .HVj‘j Gr•‘ hk¢l›‘ hŒeH‘ V§± F¢¨OgH 4
1 2 3 4 5 Jhrh¨fgH ngU ¬lju¢ Lg F¢¨OgH 4
.mf¨OgH GbO m¢V¢”ƒjgH

€m¢gUht Ve”• mf¨OgH Gu¥g TgjOl G”af F¢¨OgH Gu…¢ K• K”l¢ Hƒhl 4

€mf¨OgH dt “f¥UH DƒgH Hƒhl 4

21 K”ljlgH GwH‘jlgH

:m¢ƒ¢…kjgH mrb¨kBH
.mf¨OgH dgU Ghu…gH h£V¢ehj mlg”gg
“jghsV GŒkj K• v¢¨jsj mlg”ghft
L§jV¬r ngU‘ “V‘§l¥ ngU VeCj‘
Jhlg”gH xhŒjkH Kî .“jf¨O L§t ngU
œhjP¢ mP¢Pw mŒ¢V¨f h§f¢jVj‘
L¢±kj Gel hlhlj HV¢f” hlhlj£H
xhŒjkH “¢gut .h§t¬£ ¬¢¬Pj‘ mf¨OgH
MVful‘ mŒ¢r¬‘ mPqH‘ Jhlg”
K• ngU “¬Uhsj E¢Pf MV¢wr‘
h§fjVj‘ ¬¢¥ ‘Pk ngU “Vh”t• GŒkj
G”t .mP¢Pw mŒ¢V¨f‘ VeCl G”af
dkul‘ ml¢r T¢qj K• dyfk¢ mlg”
.mf¨Ogg M‘r‘
:TH¬£®H
Gl¥gH Jhf¢”Vj‘ Jhlg”gH Vh¢jOH4
“Vh”t• G¢w‘jg mfshklgH
.m¢‘¢P‘ mr¬‘ –‘q‘f
xHVe™ m¢YbfgH F¢ghsBH LH¬OjsH4
.h£¬¢”hj‘ “Vh”tH
ml‘§…lgH V¢Y Jhlg”gH Fk¥j4
LH¬OjsH‘ m¢V‘VqgH V¢Y‘
.mP¢PwgH m¢‘PkgH ¬UH‘ŒgH
Rzhr¬ vfs ngî SlO Kl :Jr‘gH
:dj·H hl¬Ojsl ¬¢¥ F‘gs¶f
ShkgH Quf ¬Œju¢ :MV¢wŒgH Jhlg”gH 4
Jhlg” LH¬Ojshf K¢VO·H ngU K‘VeC¢ L§k•
K‘”j FghygH dt K”g‘ ’m…g”jl‘ mg¢‘¨
.HV”ƒj‘ HV¢e¶j Ve”®H d£ MV¢wŒgH Jhlg”gH
v¨Œl Kl K‘”jj djgH MV¢wŒgH Jhlg”ght
Hƒg ’h£V”ƒjg vljslgg G§s®H d£ ¨Œt ¬PH‘
“jf¨Og D¬¢§ljgH ¨¨OlgH mu¥HVlf “¢gut
Hƒït .mlg” G” dt v¨hŒlgH ¬¬U FhsP‘
‘• mebe dgU D‘jPj Jhlg”gH FgY• Jkh”
Kït Ve”• ‘• v¨hŒl mslO ‘• mufV•
L§t dt mf‘uw K‘§¥H‘¢s “¢uljsl
K• MV‘Vqghf Hƒ£ dku¢ B‘ ’“jghsV
’¬PH‘ v¨Œl dgU h§g‘Œj mlg” G” D‘jPj
.“gƒ” Jhlg”gH m¢fgY• K‘”j K• F¥¢ Gf
F¢¨Ogg G§s• d£‘ :MV¢wŒgH Gl¥gH 4
hl” h§l§t ngU vljslgg G§s•‘ h§zhŒgî dt
Kït “gƒ vl‘ ’K¢V¢f” V¢e¶j‘ M‘r h§g K•
MV¢wr Gl¥ Kl h‰¢g” mk‘¦”lgH mf¨OgH
.h§jufhjl‘ h§Uhls dt mŒ£Vl‘ mgll K‘”j
‰ l¥ LH¬OjsH “¢gU dyfk¢ ’“gƒ ngU‘
b D¬g hPqH‘ ig‘Œj hl K‘”¢ K• dyfk¢ Hƒ£
’hU‘kj T¢qjg VO› dgî K¢P Kl G‘¨•
“g K¢uljslgH mufhjl Kl ¬”¶j K”g‘
M¬Œul mgl¥gH Jkh” Hƒî hl mtVulg‘ .mg‘§sf
Kl Ve”¶t .h§f GwH‘…gH KU EPfH ’m¢hygg
mgl¥gH F¢”Vj K• ngî V¢aj K¢ke•‘• mgwht
.V¢f” G”af ¬Œul
4 c‘ValgH
h§¢Œgj T¢”
Kî
L¢±kjgH‘ pqH‘gH T¬§gH Kî
vl‘ .if¨O D• hshs• hl£ Ghu…gH
dt ¬lju¢ “jf¨O –h¥k Kït “gƒ
h§l¬Ojsj djgH Jhlg”gH ngU G‘®H LhŒlgH
.QufgH h§quf vl h§¥lhskH m¢…¢”‘
G¢w‘j dt Gelj¢ D‘r V¢e¶j h§g Jhlg”ght
.h§g K¢uljslgH dŒgj m¢…¢”‘ “jghsV
mlu…lgH‘ m¨¢sfgH‘ mPqH‘gH Jhlg”ght
“jf¨Og m¢fƒh¥ T¢qj m¢‘ŒgH‘ m¢‘¢Pghf
dt M¬¬Pl mghsV Gw‘j‘ vljslgH «…Pj‘
M¬¢¥gH m¢‘PkgH ¬UH‘ŒgH d…qj DƒgH Jr‘gH
“k• ¬”¶j‘ .“jf¨Og m¢rH¬wl L¢gsgH R¨kgH‘
®©jj T‘st ’myggH dt hu¢gq Jk” Hƒî
“¢¬g K‘”¢‘ m¢‘¢PgH Kl R¢Vff “f¨O
.“¢uljsl ngU H‰V¢f” H‰V¢e¶j
Kƒ®H G¥• Kl Fj”H
Kl hk¢ul hlsr L§t “¢gU Fuw¢ hl¬kU
M¬U I•VŒj “kït ’mg¥l dt mghŒl ‘• Fhj”
hlk¢P K”g‘ .nkulgH “g pqj¢ njP JHVl
dgU‘ .M«¢lgH Iƒ£ “¢uljslg K‘”¢ B Lg”jj
me¬PjlgH myggH Kït FfsgH Hƒ§g‘ .vljslgH
myggH Kl m¢VHV”j Ve”•‘ m¢lsV Gr• d£
mg§sgH m¨¢sfgH myggH‘ VHV”jght .mf‘j”lgH
Hƒït .mk¢ul ¨hŒk V”ƒj ngU vljslgH K¢uj
’ik‘gfŒj¢‘ “lb” K‘uljslgH L§…¢ K• J¬V•
h§f K‘e¬Pj¢ djgH myggH E¬Pjj “k• ¬”¶jt
L¢£h…lgH‘ mt‘g¶lgH Jhlg”gH hl¬Ojsl
d§…agH “e¢¬P dkfj K• “k”l¢‘ .mPqH‘gH
K”ljlgH GwH‘jlgH 22
 xH¬®H‘ m”VPgH KU MVfulgH Ghut®ht .m¢hkuf Ghut®H VjOH
“¢gut ’“jf¨O Fj”j hlk¢P‘ .“jf¨Og MVheî‘ M‘r T¢qj
V¥¢‘ «§¢) Ghut®ht ’h§g M‘r d¨uj djgH Ghut®H LH¬OjsH
Gu…gH GH¬fjsH K”l¢‘ .(“VP¢) Gu…gH Kl Vf”• M‘r h§g (Fƒfƒ¢‘
.(FPjk¢ ‘• Sl§¢ ‘• —Vw¢ ‘• V¶¥¢) Gu…ghf (E¬Pj¢)
K”l¢ (H¬§¥l dal¢ ‘• TP«¢ ‘• œVu¢) Gel Ghut®H‘
.(V¢s¢) Kl B¬f h§lH¬OjsH
myggH dt hj‘w h§g Gl¥ght .L‘gulgg nkflgH Gu…gH L¬OjsH
nkflgH dt‘ .Gu…gg GUh…gH xH¬• ngî V¢a¢ J‘wgH Hƒ£‘ ’m¢fVugH
hkfOjkH" K¢jgl¥gH d…t .K¢ul Gut xH¬¶f GUh…gH L‘Œ¢ ’L‘gulgg
dkflgH pq‘¢ "µlHVfgH hku¥HV"‘ ’"D¬hkgg hs¢zV KH‘Vl
’G‘§¥lgg dkflgH dt‘ .Gu…gH xH¬¶f Lhr Kl ¨fqghf L‘gulgg
KH‘Vl FhOjkH Lj :Gel GUht GbO Kl iglU Lj ¬r h‰z¢a K‘”¢
K• hk£ ¬¥k ."hkŒ¢V¨ KU µlHVfgH Ju¥‘V"‘ "D¬hkgH Gfr Kl
m¢‘¢Pf E¢¬PgH mufhjlg G§s•‘ Gr• Jhlg” L¬Ojs¢ L‘gulgg dkflgH
.Vf”• chjlH‘ Ve”•
“jghsV Kl Tuqj d§t ’m”¢”V Ghut• mk‘k¢”gH Ghut• Kî
G‘Œj K• Kl B¬ft .m”VP ngU G¬j B‘ Gu…gH KU Vfuj B‘
K”l¢‘ ."KhqVU dŒfj¢" :Gr "Kh¢Œfjl KhqVU “hk£ K‘”¢"
mŒ¢V¨ K‘”¢ RzH¬PgH dt Jhf”VlgH V‘Vl V±P" mgl¥ GH¬fjsH
Vh¥a®H m¢hlP hkk”l¢" mgl¥f "m¢VfgH Mh¢PgH‘ Vh¥a®H m¢hlPg
."Jhf”VlgH V‘Vl V±P GbO Kl RzH¬PgH dt m¢VfgH Mh¢PgH‘
"mPaVl K‘”j MVhs K• mŒ¢ŒPgH" mgl¥ GH¬fjsH K”l¢ “gƒ”‘
."h§P¢aVj MVhs JkgU•" mgl¥f
m¢YbfgH F¢ghsBH ¬¢s¥jf Lr
MV”t Glug Jhlg”gH F¢jVjg mwhO RV¨ d£ m¢YbfgH F¢ghsBH
Kl h‰quf “¢gî‘ .h£V”ƒj dt vljslgH ngU mg‘§s Ve”• H‘¬fj
:m¢gUht Ve”®H m¢YbfgH JH‘¬®H
djlg” h§¢t L¬Ojsj mkVhŒl ‘£ i¢fajgH :i¢fajgH 4
Kït L¢gujgH‘ hkgh…¨• hkg£h¥j Hƒî" :Gel ÷ "” ‘• Gel"
."Kh¨VsgH Gel Vajk¢s G§¥gH
÷m¢klq h§k”g‘ mkVhŒl ngU Gljaj MVhujsBH :MVhujsBH 4
."ij¬hfî F¥¢ Kh¨Vs G§¥gH" :Gel
G§jsl dt Ve”• ‘• TVP VHV”j ‘£‘ :dgb§jsBH Shk¥gH 4
Kl‘ .h§±…P G§s¢‘ mŒ¢a mŒ¢V¨f K¢jV‘h¥jl K¢j±…g
."LbsgH ±…P‘ m¢hlP" “gƒ ngU mgelBH
h§u¢l¥j Lj¢ djgH ¨hŒkgH‘ Jh…wgH‘ Vh”t®H d£‘ :Jh¢ebegH 4
Jh¢ebe dt h§kU Vfu¢ djgH Vh”t®H‘ .JhU‘l¥l Ebe dt
ngU mgelBH Kl‘ .H‰V”ƒj Ve”• pfwj‘ G¢l¥ chŒ¢î h§g K‘”j
."G¢fkgH hktVa‘ hkjH‘Ve‘ hkPH‘Vhf hkquf hk¬UH‘" “gƒ
23 K”ljlgH GwH‘jlgH
M¬PH‘ MV”t ¬Vs ngU MVŒ…gH Gluj :MV¢wŒgH JHVŒ…gH 4
V‘§l¥gH K‘”¢ ’MV¢yw Gl¥ dt “jHVŒt ¬¬Pj hlk¢P‘ .M¬¬Pl
JHVŒ…gH K¢f Tr‘jgH‘ .dŒ¨kl G”af “jufhjlg ¬H¬ujsH ngU
.ig‘Œj hl Fhu¢jsB Jr‘gH “¢uljsl d¨u¢
H¬¬Pl K”
¬¢Vj “k• .dkhul M¬U h§g‘ mlhU Jhlg”gH Quf K‘”j ¬r
.¨fqghf i¢kuj hl G¢w‘jf L‘Œj M¬¬Pl‘ mOsHV Jhlg” LH¬OjsH
Jhl¬Œl Kl MV¢f” mU‘l¥l i¢¬g ¬ghO" :bel Jgr Hƒït
Jhl¬Œl Kl MVaU i¢¬g ¬ghO K• hl WOa V”…¢ ¬Œt "Jhfh¨OgH
Jgr Hƒî‘ .Ve”• ‘• mzl i¢¬g K• VO› ¬Œju¢ hlk¢f ’Jhfh¨OgH
‘• m¢ghY Js¢g mg¬fgH K• dkuj Jk¶t "mw¢OV mg¬fgH Iƒ£ Kî"
V±k m§¥‘ ngU H¬hljUH‘ .m¢ghU M¬‘¥f Js¢g ‘• G‘hkjlgH dt
K• dkuj ¬r "hf¢¨ xhaU ¬lPl G‘hkj " MVhfU Kït ’WOagH
¬r "LV¥l" mlg”‘ .xhaugH dt i¢g¢…gH ‘• V¥VfgH G‘hkj ¬r ‰H¬lPl
Jhlg”gH Quf‘ .‰bjhr ‘• ‰hfhwk ‘• “kf RVhs ‘• ‰Bhak dkuj
G” N¬g m…gjOl dkhul h§g K‘”¢ hlfV "±thPl" ‘• "VP" Gel
Vh¢jOH “¢gut ’Kƒî “jf¨O ¬uj hl¬kut .“¢uljsl Kl WOa
.L§…gH x‘sg Bh¥l c¬j B djgH Jhlg”gH
mwhO JhPHVjrH ‘• Jh¨hfjVH Jhlg”gH Kl ¬¢¬ugH GlPj‘
nls¢ hl Hƒ£‘ S¢lH‘ŒgH dt h§g M¬‘¥‘lgH dkhulgH V¢Y
ik• ngU "Fg”" mlg”g S‘lhŒgH T¢Vujt .mgB¬gH ‘• L‘§…lghf
ifaj djgH m¢VfgH JhkH‘¢PgH Kl m…gjOl‘ MV¢f” mU‘l¥l D•"
m¢…¨hU ml¢r ig S¢g ikî ngU h‰¢f¬•‘ "N‘› KfH‘ FzƒgH‘ FguegH
RPg¢ K• K”l¢ Fg”gH h§q ¦ u¢ djgH M•Vlght “gƒ vl‘ .h§f m¨fjVl
DƒgH V¢ywgH G…¨gH hlk¢f ’Fg” mlg” chls Kl Lg•‘ T‘O h§f
.mlg”gH S…k chls Kl m…¨hughf Vua¢ K• K”l¢ Gg¬l Fg” iul
JBB¬gH vljslgH d¨uj K• dyfk¢ h£VhjOj djgH Jhlg”ght “gƒg‘
.h§gŒk dt FYVj djgH
m¢‘¢Pghf mlu…l Jhlg”
mPqH‘ dkhul h§g “jf¨O dt djgH Jhlg”gH K‘”j K• dyfk¢
Iƒ£ R‘ƒj‘ ShsPî‘ chls‘ L§t ngU vljslgH ¬Uhsj E¢Pf
K• F¥¢ hl” ’vljslgH G¢Oj V¢ej K• F¥¢ Jhlg”gH‘ .Jhlg”gH
.ig‘Œj hl L§…¢ K• vljslgg K”l¢ E¢Pf MVful‘ m¢…w‘ K‘”j
"Gr "mk¢¬lgH dt V¢sj d£‘ h§lgCj K¢g¬hl L¬r" G‘r Kl B¬ft
xdgl R¢V¨ dt mk¢¬lgH dgî M¬§¥l V¢sj K¢g¬hl Jkh” hlk¢f
dgU djgH V‘efgH LV‘jg “gƒ‘ H‰¬¢¬a h‰lg¶j Jlg¶j h§kït ’MVHƒŒghf
H‰¬¢«l QVugH Hƒ£ Fg¥¢s" G‘r Kl B¬f‘ ."K¢jlg¶jlgH h§¢l¬r
GO¬ M¬h¢« ngU QVugH Hƒ£ Glu¢s" :GŒt "msV¬lgg GH‘l®H Kl
h‰¢th” GO¬gH Hƒ£ K‘”¢ E¢Pf VB‘¬ 20,000 vrH‘f msV¬lgH
.L¬hŒgH LhugH dt G‘w…gg JH«¢§¥j‘ M¬¢¬¥ Fj” xHVag
 p¢Pw G”af VfU Jhlg”gH LH¬OjsH dt H‰«¥‘l K”
V§±j djgH m¢shs®H GlH‘ugH Kl L¢rVjgH JhlbU‘ ‘PkgH Vfju¢ Jhlg” ¬¬U Gr• dt V¢e”gH G‘r G¥• Kl “us‘ dt hl GƒfH
‘PkgH K• K‘V¢ K‘uljslgH‘ .K¢uljslgH ngU V¢e¶jgH ngU “jV¬r ‘aPgg L¬Ojsj ‘• MV‘Vq h§g S¢g Jhlg”gH Kl ¬¢¬ugH‘ .K”ll
R‘e‘l‘ Lgujl WOa F¢¨OgH K• ngU G¢g¬ p¢PwgH L¢rVjgH‘ ngut .“jghsV Kl Tuqj‘ Kh£ƒBH TVwj d§t “gƒf‘ ’¨Œt
:dg¢ hl vzhagH ‘PkgH G”hal Quf Kl‘ .if G‘Œghf m¥hP “hk£ S¢g / TVuj hl” :Gel JHVhfugH :GhelgH G¢fs
’¬V…l Gu…g œhjP¢ ¬V…lgH GUh…gH :GUh…gH‘ Gu…gH RtH‘j 4 bt .h§tƒP K”l¢ ¬r ’¬Œkgg GfhŒgH V¢Y Kl / pqH‘gH Kl / K¶f
MVhs DV¥j" Gel ÷vl¥ Gu…g œhjP¢ vl¥gH GUh…gH‘ Ve”• JHVhfU‘ Jhlg” L¬OjsH h§kl B¬f‘ Jh§¢a¢g”gH L¬Ojsj
"G«klgH ‘Pk Kh¢V¥j ng¢g‘ MVhs" ‘• "G«klgH ‘Pk .mlzbl‘ hP‘q‘
mslO" ‘• "MVh±k “gjl¢ Gh…¨• mslO K¢f Kl ¬PH‘"‘ .K¢keH ‘• mlg” ngî NVO®H JHVhfugH Quf G¢gŒj K”l¢
."JHVh±k K‘”gjl¢ Gh…¨• Jr‘gH dt"‘ ’"V¢e”" mlg”f "Kl V¢f” ¬¬U"„ GH¬fjsH K”l¢t
K”l¢‘ ."Hƒî"f "Hƒ” E‘¬P mghP dt"‘ ’"K·H "f "VqhPgH
¨fHVj ngU ±thP :h§kh”l V¢Y dt ¬¢¬PjgH JH‘¬• vq‘ 4 MVhfU‘ ÷"RŒP¢" h§jV¢±kf "dt hŒ¢ŒPj DV¥¢" MVhfU GH¬fjsH
.¬‘wŒlgH h£hkul Gw‘¢ DƒgH F¢jVjghf h§quf vl Jhlg”gH mŒ¢ŒP ngî V±kghf "MVhfU‘ ’"Vfju¢ "f "VhfjUBH K¢U dt ƒO¶¢"
’"Sl• chlj¥î KU E¬Pj¢ d”g ¬lP• GwjH" K¢jgl¥gH belt ."Ffsf"f "Hƒ”
hl§g "chlj¥™H KU E¬Pj¢ d”g Sl• ¬lP• GwjH"‘ "»gflgH dghl¥î" Gel m¥hPgH KU M¬zH«gH Jhlg”gg if¦kj
“gƒ”‘ ’M¬PH‘ mlg” vq‘ Ffsf “gƒ‘ K¢…gjOl K¢¢kul ."mur‘jl V¢Y ma£¬" ‘• "m¢gfŒjsl ¨¨O" ‘• "“Vjal K‘huj" ‘•
d¨uj "mufŒgH D¬jVlgH T‘VOgH G…¨gH ¬Vh¨" MVhfU .ml¢r ‘• nkul T¢qj B M¬zH«gH Jhlg”ght
mufŒgH D¬jVlgH G…¨gH" MVhfU KU m…gjOl MV‘w vljslgH
."T‘VOgH ¬Vh¨ mk¨VgH m¢k§lgH JhPg¨wlgH ifkj
mghP dt p¢PwgH V¢lqgH L¬OjsH :VzhlqgH LH¬OjsH ¶¨O 4 hl¬kU m¢qh¢V JhPg¨wl K‘l¬Ojs¢ xhf¨O vlsj hlfV
"FuglgH dt hkŒfhsj hk•‘ ‘£" :Gel G‘u…lgH‘ GUh…gH m¢Vh¥j Jhlg” µl¬f H‘l‘Œ¢ ‘• m¢sh¢sgH ‘• MVh¥jgH KU K‘e¬Pj¢
K‘¬ajP¢ K¢…±‘lgH Kl G¢gr"‘ "hk•‘ IVhjOH TValgH"‘ Iƒ£ LH¬Ojshf Kƒî “¢gut .–VslgH ‘• K…gH KU mf¨O dt
."h§kl Gqt• dky¢ mrV…gH dt ¬P• B"‘ ÷"h§zHV‘ dgU Shk• ngU mf¨O xhŒgî ¬kU ¨Œt mwwOjlgH JhPg¨wlgH
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K”ljlgH GwH‘jlgH 24
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25 K”ljlgH GwH‘jlgH
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h§¢Œgj T¢”
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__________________________ o¢VhjgH ________________________________________ L¢¦ŒlgH LsH

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:¨lk G”g FshklgH ¬‘lugH Vh¢jOhf dghjgH

/JhŒ¢guj K”l¢
JhPHVjrH m¢k¢sPj G‘fŒl «hjll

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_______ _______ _______ €vljslgH mg¢Ol dt MV‘wgH K¢‘”j ngU
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_______ _______ _______ €mŒ¢r¬gH V¢Y ‘•
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K”ljlgH GwH‘jlgH 26

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vq‘t .if Vuaj ¬r DƒgH Vj‘jgH
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27 K”ljlgH GwH‘jlgH
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K”ljlgH GwH‘jlgH 28
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Kl .¬¢¬¥gH ‘qugH mU‘l¥l dt ijlgjsH djgH ’(201 LrV G¢g¬)
"Gqt®H F¢¨OgH" mgsgs µlhkVf ngî c‘¥VgH hq¢• K”llgH
.(279 LrV G¢g¬) ''¬s¥gH myg GhlujsH''
29 K”ljlgH GwH‘jlgH
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hl m¨Œk dt K¢uljslgH Kl ¬Vt G” ngî V±kgH ngU HV¬hr K‘”j
’HV¢f” “lhl• K¢sgh¥gH K¢uljslgH ¬¬U Kh” Hƒî K”g‘ .h§g‘hkjj
GhwjH Gu¥H ’“gƒ Kl B¬ft .“gƒ Gut ngU HV¬hr K‘”j Kgt
D• MV¥PgH FkH‘¥ Kl Fkh¥ G” dt hl WOa vl K¢ugH
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m¢u¢f¨ ¬s¥gH myg Gu¥H
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mP¢VlgH ¬s¥gH myg LH¬OjsH Kî .nŒgj djgH Jhlg”gH dkhul vl
.KHVl‘ ‰HV¢”…j ƒO¶j K¢uljslgg mfskghf mujllgH‘ “g mfskghf
ijxHVr “¢gU “jf¨Og D¬¢§ljgH ¨¨OlgH vq‘f L‘Œj K• ¬uf
myg LH¬Ojs™ hfshkl K‘”¢ K• K”llgH Kl vq‘l D• m±Pbl‘
K• m…gjOl JHVl G‘hP‘ .“jghsV G¢w‘j dt ¬Uhs¢‘ ¬s¥gH
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“¢gU K¢uj¢ hl” .“jhlg” vl “jHxhl¢î mlzbl “¢gU‘
ik• ¬Œjuj DƒgH vq‘lgH dt i¥‘gH JHV¢fuj‘ JHxhl¢™hf Lh¢ŒgH
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__________________________ o¢VhjgH ________________________________________ L¢¦ŒlgH LsH

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m¨¢sf mŒ¢V¨f K‘”j K• dyfk¢ K¢ughf GwH‘jgH‘ i¥‘gH JHV¢fuj‘ JHxhl¢™H‘ m”VPgH‘ .m¢§…agH ijghsV ««uj‘ pq‘j djgH‘
F¢¨OgH Vh”t• dgî G‘w‘gH dt K¢uljslgH ¬Uhsj‘ F¢¨OgH h§Œ¨k¢ djgH Jhlg”gH pq‘j‘ ¬s¥gH myg D‘Œj K• dyfk¢ hl” .m¢u¢f¨‘
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œhjPj djgH ‘• xHV¨™H RPjsj djgH ¨hŒkgH Iƒ£ G”g “jhŒ¢guj Tq•‘ .m¨Œk G”g FshklgH XHV…gH Lhl• mlbU vq‘f L¢¢ŒjgH Hƒ£ Ghl”î
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K«H‘jl __ :vq‘gH 4
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m¢qVl __
KsPjj K• K”l¢ __

msgs ’T¬£ h§g __ :Ls¥gH m”VP 4

m¢qVl __
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m¢Vwf ¨fH‘V vq¢ __ :K¢ughf GhwjBH 4

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m¢Œ¢ŒP ’M¬‘¬‘ ’m”VPjl __ :i¥‘gH JHV¢fuj 4

m¢qVl __
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pqH‘ __ :mf¨OgH T¬£ 4

dqVl __
KsPj¢ K• K”l¢ __

pqH‘ ’L±kl‘ dŒ¨kl __ :mf¨OgH L¢±kj 4

dqVl __
KsPj¢ K• K”l¢ __
€m¢gUht Ve”• mf¨OgH Gu¥¢g F¢¨OgH if L‘Œ¢ K• K”llgH Kl Kh” DƒgH TgjOlgH xdagH ‘£ hl 4

€mf¨OgH dt “f¥U• DƒgH hl 4

K”ljlgH GwH‘jlgH 30
 G‘®H LsŒgH – “zH¬• N‘jsl L¢¦r
L¢¢ŒjgH Gl”• .M¬¢¬¥ TH¬£• vq‘‘ “zH¬• L¢¢Œjg M¬¢¥ mwVt Iƒ£‘ .mfh¨Ogg JhU‘Val SlO Jgl”• ¬Œg !hk¢kh§j
:mgl¥ G”g FshklgH T¢kwjgH G‘P mlbU vq .dghjgH G¢g¬gH LH¬Ojshf mzt G” dt “jHV¬r h…kwl ’dghjgH

M‘ŒgH Klh”l ’«hjll = 5

K¢sPjgg V¢f” Gh¥l ’H‰¬¥ ¬¢¥ = 4
Gqt• K‘”j K• K”llgH Kl K”g‘ ’dqVl = 3
Ve”• Lhlj£H dgî œhjP¢ ’KsPj¢ K• K”l¢ = 2
.V¢f” Lhlj£B œhjP¢ ’d‰ Œ¢ŒP Tuq = 1

1 2 3 4 5 .mf¨OgH xhŒgî ¬kU mPHVgH‘ mŒeghf Vua• -1

1 2 3 4 5 .V‘§l¥gH Lhl• E¢¬Pghf vjlj• -2
1 2 3 4 5 .mg‘§sf F¨Ogg M¬¢¥ JhU‘q‘l ¬¥• -3
1 2 3 4 5 .m¢gUh…f djghsV H‘gŒk¢ L§t Hƒg F¨OgH L¢±kj ngU V¬hr -4
1 2 3 4 5 .c‘q‘lgH ngî ¬‘Œj‘ K¢uljslgH Lhlj£H ngU djf¨O Jhl¬Œl ƒ‘Pjsj -5
1 2 3 4 5 .h£V”ƒj K”l¢‘ m¢‘r djf¨O mljhO -6
1 2 3 4 5 IV¢Y‘ mlPlPgH Gel JhlhU¬ D• Kl m¢ghO djf¨O -7
p¢Vw G”af mghsVgH GlPj djgH Jhlg”gH LH¬OjsH ngU W¢VP -8
1 2 3 4 5 .K¢uljslgg pqH‘‘
1 2 3 4 5 .mz¥h…lgH mfh¨OgH TrH‘l dt –‘q‘‘ mUVsf V¢”…jgH ngU V¬hr -9
1 2 3 4 5 .mf¨OgH xhŒgî ¬kU m¢V¢”ƒjgH Jhrh¨fgH ngU ¬ljU• B -10

________________________________ .dghjgH XHV…gH dt “tH¬£• vq €h§k¢sPj dt FYVj djgH JHVh§lgH d£ hl

__________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________
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dt F¨OgH L¢¬Œj dt Vf”• mwVt “lhl• K‘”¢s .h§k¢sPj ngî œhjPj djgH JHVh§lgH Quf J¬¥‘ Hƒî RgŒj B
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K”ljlgH GwH‘jlgH 34
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.“jf¨O L¢¬Œj
K”ljlgH GwH‘jlgH 36
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37 K”ljlgH GwH‘jlgH
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K”ljlgH GwH‘jlgH 38
 L¢¢Œj œƒ‘lk

“U‘q‘l KU EPfH
________________________________________________________________________ KH‘kugH

__________________________ o¢VhjgH ________________________________________ L¢¦ŒlgH LsH

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_______ _______ _______ €K¢uljslgH Jh¥h¢jPH‘

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_______ _______ _______ €F¢¨OgH ¬wr

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K”ljlgH GwH‘jlgH 52
 dkhegH LsŒgH – “zH¬• N‘jsl L¢¦r
mU‘kjl m¢¬h¢r Tzh±‘ Jl¬r‘ mPhsgH JhU‘q‘l dt J”Vha ¬Œg ’“gƒ dgî mthq™hf .m¢fh¨O v¢Vhal 10 Jgl”• ¬Œg
DƒgH L¬ŒjgH L¢¢Œjg ¬¢¥gH Jr‘gH ‘£ Hƒ£ K·H .K¢VO·H xhqU®H F¨O L¢¢Œjg mwV…gH “¢¬g Jkh”‘ D¬hkgH JhUhlj¥H dt
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47 mP…w dt G‘®H GHCsgH dgU “jfh¥ïf MVaugH dgî G‘®H GHCsgH
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.K¢PgH “gƒ ƒkl h§jlguj djgH JHVh§lgH 25 ngî 11

.mgl¥ G” Lhl• FshklgH T¢kwjgH G‘P MVzH¬ vq

M‘ŒgH Klh”l ’«hjll = 5

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12345 .mf¨OgH xhŒgî ¬kU mPHVgH‘ mŒeghf Vua• -1

12345 .V‘§l¥gH Lhl• E¢¬Pghf vjlj• -2
12345 .mg‘§sf F¨Ogg M¬¢¥ JhU‘q‘l ¬¥• -3
12345 .m¢gUh…f djghsV H‘gŒk¢ L§t Hƒg F¨OgH L¢±kj ngU V¬hr -4
12345 .c‘q‘lgH ngî ¬‘Œj‘ K¢uljslgH Lhlj£H ngU djf¨O Jhl¬Œl ƒ‘Pjsj -5
12345 .h£V”ƒj K”l¢‘ m¢‘r djf¨O mljhO -6
12345 .IV¢Y‘ mlPlPgH Gel JhlhU¬ D• Kl m¢ghO djf¨O -7
1 2 3 4 5 .K¢uljslgg pqH‘‘ p¢Vw G”af mghsVgH GlPj djgH Jhlg”gH LH¬OjsH ngU W¢VP -8
12345 m¢gh¥jV™H mfh¨OgH TrH‘l dt –‘q‘‘ mUVsf V¢”…jgH ngU V¬hr -9
12345 .mf¨OgH xhŒgî ¬kU m¢V¢”ƒjgH Jhrh¨fgH ngU ¬ljU• B -10
12345 .ShlP‘ R¬wf E¬Pj• -11
12345 .mgw JHƒ mgel• ‘• Jhl‘gulf djf¨Og m¢s¢zVgH ¨ŒkgH LU¬H -12
12345 .m¢ghjgH m¨ŒkgH dgî T¨gf K¢uljslgH ¬‘Œ¢ JHVŒ…gH K¢f hl¢t JBhŒjk™H -13
12345 .mg‘§sf vls¢‘ T¢¨g dj‘w -14
12345 .djghsV‘ djhlg”g dkul‘ M‘r T¢q• d”g dj‘wgH c‘kjgH L¬OjsH -15

53 K”ljlgH GwH‘jlgH
 12345 .JjalgH “‘gsgH‘ Jh”VPgH Kl dghO mf¨OgH xhŒgî dt djŒ¢V¨ ›16
12345 .m¢‘…U‘ m¢u¢f¨‘ mt¬h£ d§¥‘ JHV¢fuj‘ dls¥ m”VP‘ djHxhl¢î ›17
12345 .K¢uljslgH K¢f‘ nk¢f ¨fHVj xhkfg K¢ughf Ghwj™H L¬OjsH ›18
Jh¢h”PgH‘ Jh¢H‘VgH‘ Jh¢zhwPBH‘ mfshklgH RzhŒPgH ¬h¥¢H mg‘§sf v¢¨jsH ›19
12345 .df¨O G¥• Kl JhshfjrBH‘
12345 .njghsV G¢w‘j dt dj¬Uhslg m¢zVlgH Gzhs‘gH LH¬OjsB –hjVH ›20
12345 .njghsV V”ƒ‘ L§t ngU V‘§l¥gH ¬Uhsj‘ djf¨Og mfshkl m¢zVlgH dgzhs‘ ›21
12345 NV‘§l¥ Jhlhlj£H‘ Jh¥h¢jPH FsP df¨O µsk njUh¨jshf ›22
12345 .L§kl LgujgH ngU ‰H¬£h¥ GlU•‘ df¨Og K¢VO·H L¢¢Œj FPV V¬wf GfŒjH ›23
12345 .K¢VO·H F¨O GgP•‘ WVPf vljsH ›24
12345 .K¢sPjgH G¥• Kl M¬¢…l‘ Mxhkf JhPHVjrH L¬r•‘ WVPf K¢VO·H F¨O L¢rH ›25

njgH R¨hklgH Ihk¬• V”ƒH .R¨hklgH Quf dt Ve”H KsPjj K• dt FYVj Jg« hl “k• ¬¥j hlfV ’V¢f” L¬Œj “Œ¢ŒPj Kl LYVghf 4
.L¬ŒjlgH GwH‘jlgH Fj” ngU Gluj Jk•‘ h¢‘s h§¢gU Glughf Lr‘ h§k¢sPj dt FYVj
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K”ljlgH GwH‘jlgH 54
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55 K”ljlgH GwH‘jlgH
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K”ljlgH GwH‘jlgH 56
 L¢¢Œj œƒ‘lk

vjllgH F¢¨OgH
________________________________________________________________________ :KH‘kugH

__________________________ :o¢VhjgH ______________________________________ :L¦¢ŒlgH LsH

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h¢V¢VPj F¥H xh¥VgH ’d§…agH “l¢¢Œj ngî mthqBhf .v¢Vs G”af ‘g‘ nl¢±kj V§±l h§¢¬g K‘”¢ K• F¥¢ ik• Bî ’NVO®H F¨OgH
.Ihk¥ mgzsBH ngU

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57 K”ljlgH GwH‘jlgH
 ΔϴϟϭΪϟ΍ίήΘγΎϤΘγϮΘϟ΍ΔϤψϨϤϟϦϜϤΘϤϟ΍Ϟλ΍ϮΘϤϟ΍ϝΎΠϣϭΪ΋ΎϘϟ΍ϝΎΠϣ

ϚόΠθϧϢΘϳϭΓΩΎϴϘϟ΍ϝΎΠϣϭϞλ΍ϮΘϟ΍ϝΎΠϣ±ϦϴϟΎΠϣϦϣϥϮϜΘϳϲϤϴϠόΘϟ΍ίήΘγΎϤΘγϮΘϟ΍ΞϣΎϧήΑ
ϦϴϟΎΠϤϟ΍ϰϠϋϞϤόϟ΍ϦϜϤϤϟ΍ϦϣϞΑˬήΧϵ΍ΎϤϫΪΣ΃ϰϨΜΘδϳϻϦϴϟΎΠϤϟΎϓΎόϣϦϴϟΎΠϤϟ΍ϲϓΔϛέΎθϤϠϟ
ΔϴϟΎΘϟ΍ΔΤϔμϟ΍ϲϓΎϬσϭήηϭΰ΋΍ϮΠϟ΍΢ϴοϮΗϢΘϳΓΩΪΤϣΕ΍ίΎΠϧϻήϳΪϘΗϥΎϣΪϘϳΎϤϬϧ΃ΎϤϛΖϗϮϟ΍βϔϧϲϓ
ϥ·
ϝΎΠϣϞϛϲϓΰ΋΍ϮΠϟ΍ϖϴϘΤΗϊΑΎΘΗϲϟΎΘϟ΍ϰϧΎϴΒϟ΍Ϣγήϟ΍΢οϮϳϭ

Ϟλ΍ϮΘϟ΍ϝΎΠϣ

ϡΪϘΘϤϟ΍Ϟλ΍ϮΘϤϟ΍ ϡΪϘΘϤϟ΍Ϟλ΍ϮΘϤϟ΍ ϡΪϘΘϤϟ΍Ϟλ΍ϮΘϤϟ΍ Ϟλ΍ϮΘϤϟ΍

ΔϴΒϫάϟ΍ Δϴπϔϟ΍ ΔϳΰϧϭήΒϟ΍ ϦϜϤΘϤϟ΍

ΰϴϤΘϤϟ΍ϒϳήόϟ΍
˷ ΪϳΪΠϟ΍Ϯπόϟ΍

ϡΪϘΘϤϟ΍Ϊ΋ΎϘϟ΍ ϡΪϘΘϤϟ΍Ϊ΋ΎϘϟ΍
ϦϜϤΘϤϟ΍Ϊ΋ΎϘϟ΍
ΔϳΰϧϭήΒϟ΍ ΔϳΰϧϭήΒϟ΍

ΓΩΎϴϘϟ΍ϝΎΠϣ

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2 LrV F¢¨OgH G¢g¬ .ij¬l G‘¨‘ chlj¥BH µlhkVfg
mf¨OgH G¢g¬ KU h‰¢‘…a D¬h¢r V‘¬ ‘• M¬ul mf¨O G” L¢¢Œj Lj¢ :L¢¢ŒjgH
mPhsgH JhU‘q‘l Rskl L¢¬Œj V¢¢hul LH¬Ojshf Mxhkf‘ M¬¢…l mŒ¢V¨f G¢l« ‘qU R¢V¨
hl” ’h‰¢fhj” h‰l¢¢Œj L¢ŒlgH ¬u¢ ’“gƒ ngU M‘bU .MV‘”ƒlgH L¢¢ŒjgH
mPhsgH JhU‘q‘l Rskl 00:26
.m¢fhj”gH Jh±PblgH L¢¬Œjg xhqU®H v¢l¥g M‘U¬gH i¥‘j
mPhsgH JhU‘q‘l –Va
V¢Y ’xhqU®H “gjl¢ ’LsŒgH Hƒ£ dt :mPhsgH JhU‘q‘l
mPhsgH JhU‘q‘l msg¥ ¬ŒU
F¨O L¢¬Œjg mwV…gH ’µlhkVfgH dt m”Vhalgg K¢g¥slgH
chlj¥BH T¢Vug mwklgH L¢gsj
.K¢jŒ¢r¬ ‘• M¬PH‘ mŒ¢r¬ M¬lg m¢gh¥jVH
G” Gr®H ngU MVl GlU msg¥ h‰q¢• D¬H‘kgH Quf ¬Œuj
Vjshljs‘jgH 00:43 mwV…gH chlj¥BH Hƒ£ p¢j¢‘ ’D¬hkgH K‘za marhklg V§a
LhugH L¢ŒlgH L¢¬Œj .M¬h¢ŒgH JHVh§l‘ dkhlgVfgH G‘”‘j‘VfgH msVhll dt xhqU©g
LhugH L¢ŒlgH 00:45 hl” ’HV¢f” htbjOH TgjOj ¬r chlj¥BH JHVŒt F¢jVj K• V¢Y
:V¢VhŒjgH L¢¬Œjg M‘U¬gH Quf vlj¥j .chlj¥BH G‘¨g h‰ufj MVŒt G” G‘¨ TgjO¢ ¬r
F¨OgH ‘l¢Œl D¬H‘kgH Quf vlj¥j hl¢t ’Gr• ‘• M¬PH‘ mUhs M¬lg D¬H‘kgH
djhŒ¢lgH ¬P• GhlU• G‘¬¥g œƒ‘lk dg¢ hl¢t .Ve”• ‘• mŒ¢r¬ 90 M¬lg
D‘yggH Rr¬lgH :M¬PH‘ mUhs M¬lg h§Uhlj¥H ¬Œuj djgH D¬H‘kgH
XHV…gH xGl JH‘w• ¬H¬U
chlj¥BH KU mlhU Jh±Pbl L¢¬Œj
M¬hŒgH ‘l¢Œl JhUhlj¥BH ¬P• GlU G‘¬¥g œƒ‘lk
chlj¥BH T¢Vug mwklgH L¢gsj
Jr‘gH
Vjshljs‘jgH 00:55
«zH‘¥gH v¢«‘j S¢zVgH 00:00
S¢zVgg mwklgH L¢gsj chlj¥BH –hjjtî
(DVh¢jOH) xhqU®H M‘U¬
S¢zVgH 00:57
T‘¢qgH L¢¬Œj
L£V‘qP ngU T‘¢qgg V”aghf i¥‘jgH
Vjshljs‘jgH L¢¬Œj
“gƒ dt H‘fYV Kî Jh±Pbl L¢¬Œjf L§g –hlsgH‘
m¢lhjO Jh±Pbl
chlj¥BH LhjO 01:00

ijh¢g‘zsl‘ chlj¥BH VH‘¬•

“Vhajs‘ ’m”VhalgH R¢V¨ KU «Vjshljs‘jgH dt Lgujj T‘s
MVfO ¬Vt G” Fsj”¢‘ chlj¥BH ¬hŒukH xhke• VH‘¬®H Kl ¬¢¬ugH dt
pzhwk‘ h£«h¥kî ml§lf Tg”js djgH VH‘¬®H dg¢ hl¢t .M¬¢¬¥
Jh¢g‘CslgH‘ VH‘¬®H TgjOj ¬r .i¥‘ Gl”• dgU h§zH¬® ml«BH

63 K”ljlgH GwH‘jlgH
ngU GwPjg “sH‘P G”f Jwk• ’“jf¨O L¢¢Œj m¢glU xhke•
‘Pk ngU m¢gfŒjsl F¨O ¬H¬Uî dt “¬Uhsj ¬r M¬¢…l JhP¢lgj
.K‘VO·H xhqU®H h§l¬Œ¢ djgH Jh±PblgH ngî ifjkH .Gqt•
.L¢ŒlgH Kl “fhj” ¬¢ujsj K• nskj B – chlj¥BH Qt ¬uf
m¢glU K¶af “V‘hsj ¬r mgzs• D• marhkl ngU WVPH ¸ƒz¬kU‘
.°¨hO L§t D• p¢q‘jg L¢¢ŒjgH
K‘zagg D¬hkgH S¢zV Fzhk v¢r‘j ngU GwPj K• WVPH
Fzhk Jk• Jk” Hƒî D¬hkghf GhP G‘zsl D• ‘•) m¢l¢gujgH
c‘ValgH Ghl”jsH G¥s ngU (m¢l¢gujgH K‘zagg S¢zVgH
.L¢¢ŒjgH G¢g¬ V§± ngU ¬‘¥‘lgH
– V¬hwlgH
mf¢ŒP dt RtVl ’(225 LrV G¢g¬) K”ljlgH GwH‘jlgH
¬¢¬¥gH ‘qugH
.¬¢¬¥gH ‘qugH mf¢ŒP dt RtVl ’(199 LrV G¢g¬) h‰e¬Pjl “j‘w
mf¢ŒP dt RtVl ’(201 LrV G¢g¬) ¬s¥gH myg :JHxhl¢™H
¬¢¬¥gH ‘qugH
.(1616 LrV G¢g¬) hkg‘P L§u¢l¥
L¢ŒlgH
m¢lkj G¥• Kl «Vjshljs‘jgH D¬H‘k ¬P¶f ¬HVt®H RPjg¢
Iƒ£ m¢lkj Ljj K• ngU ’M¬h¢ŒgH‘ GwH‘jgH dt L§jHVh§l
h§k‘l¬Œ¢‘ F¨OgH xhqU®H ¬u½¢ .Jhl¢¢ŒjgH GbO Kl JHVh§lgH
‘• K”ljlgH GwH‘jlgH Fhj” dt M¬VH‘gH v¢VhalgH ngU ‰xhkf
Fhj” dt M¬VH‘gH v¢VhalgH Ghl”jsB M¬h¢ŒgH VH‘¬• K‘l¬Œ¢
‘• xhf¨OgH ¬P• L¢¢Œjg L¢Œl” Glughf Fgh¨j ¬r .K”ljlgH ¬zhŒgH
L¢¢Œj L¢¬Œjf L«gjs ’d§…agH L¢¢ŒjgH ngî mthq™hf‘ .M¬hŒgH
.Fhj”gH dt ¬VH‘gH G¢g¬gH LH¬Ojshf DV¢VPj
M¬h¢ŒgH JHVh§l msVhllg m¢f£ƒ mwVt V‘”ƒlgH L¢¢ŒjgH ¬u¢
¬kU “t¬£ Kî .«¢…PjgH‘ F¢ŒujgH‘ D¬hŒjkBH V¢”…jgH‘ chljsBh”
K• ngU F¢¨OgH “gƒ M¬Uhsl dt Gelj¢ xhf¨OgH ¬P• L¢¢Œj
.mfh¨OgH dt Gqt• JHVh§lf ngPj¢‘ ijHƒf ‰xhkjUî Gr• K‘”¢
¬zhŒgH “gƒ M¬Uhsl ‘£ “t¬£ K‘”¢t M¬hŒgH ¬P® “l¢¢Œj ¬kU hl•
m¢ghu…gH‘ Mxh…”gH Kl ¬¢«lgH‘ SŒkghf mŒeghf ngPj¢ K• ngU
K• dyfk¢ ik• V¢Y .itH¬£• R¢ŒPj ‘Pk R¢Vt M¬h¢r Kl ik¢”lj‘
L§rV¨‘ L§jH¬hU‘ xhqU®H JHVh§l N‘jslf dU‘ ngU K‘”j
.K·H njP L¬Œj Kl I‘«VP• hl vl Fk¥ ngî h‰fk¥ GlhujgH dt
h‰«…Pl‘ h‰u¥al dghl¥™H “l¢¢Œj K‘”¢ K• Kl MV‘Vq mle‘
.ijHVh§l m¢lkjg ¬zhŒgH ‘• F¢¨Ogg
Ghu…gH L¢¢ŒjgH Fhj” m¢hkuf QVujsH – chlj¥BH ¬hŒukH Gfr
.¬¢¬¥gH ‘qugH mf¢ŒP dt ijlgjsH DƒgH
K‘zag D¬hkgH S¢zV Fzhk ngî c‘¥VgH n¥V¢ Hƒg ’VO› ngî ¬hk Kl
.hl V¾‘¬f Tg”j¾ hl¬kU D¬hkgH ¬aVl ‘• L¢gujgH
F¢¨OgH
‘• xhf¨O mebe dgU chlj¥H G” Kl Vf”®H x«¥gH «”Vj¢
Fj” dt mklqjlgH VH‘¬gH ngU ‰xhkf L§f¨O ¬H¬Uî Lj¢‘ ’Ve”•
.L¬ŒjlgH GwH‘jlgH ‘• K”ljlgH GwH‘jlgH
.F¢¨OgH Jk• K‘”j hl¬kU –h¥kgH R¢ŒPjg h¢‰V‘Vq ¬H¬U™H ¬u¢½
mtVulg chlj¥BH G‘¬¥ Kl RŒPj – chlj¥BH ¬hŒukH Gfr
Kl h¢H«lgH Ve”• R¢ŒPj G¢fs dt‘ .mf¨O dŒgj T‘s njl
G¢g¬ ngU h‰¬hljUH mf¨OgH ¬H¬Uî ngU WVPH ’µlhkVfgH
c‘Val G” K® mfjVl F¨OgH L¢¬Œj ngU WVPH .c‘ValgH
.mŒfhsgH v¢VhalgH Kl mfsj”lgH JHVh§lgH ngU ¬lju¢
DƒgH L¢ŒlgH LsH KU LhugH L¢ŒlgH G¶sH ’chlj¥BH ¬hŒukH Gfr
marhklg “kU G‘zslgH L¢ŒlgH ngî E¬Pj .“jf¨O L¢Œ¢ T‘s
djgH mf¨OgH TH¬£• L¢ŒlgH vl Arhk .h§¢Œgjs djgH mf¨OgH G¢g¬
K• Vuaj Jk” Hƒî hll RŒPj .m¢wOagH “jhlhlj£H‘ h§¢Œgjs
.V¢‘¨jgH‘ m¢‘ŒjgH ngî m¥hP dt F¨OgH xhŒgî ngU “jV¬r
.chlj¥BH xhke• “j«‘Pf G¢g¬gH K‘”¢ K• ngU WVPH
.HV‰”fl G‘w‘gH ngU WVPH – chlj¥BH mUhr G‘O¬ ¬kU
v¢l¥ G‘w‘ Gfr “gƒ ngî hl‘ Mxhq™H‘ K‘t‘V”¢lgH WPtH
.“jf¨O dgU VeCj ¬r djgH Jb”algH v¢l¥ dtbjg “gƒ‘ K¢‘U¬lgH
ngî G‘w‘gg chlj¥BH mUhr ml¬Œl Kl mfVŒl ngU Sg¥H
.mUVs‘ mg‘§sf chlj¥BH mwkl
mŒ¢V¨‘ mwklgg “g‘w‘ mŒ¢V¨ ¨¢¨Oj ngU WVPH
.mf¨OgH –hjjtH
.chlj¥BH x¬f Gfr “l¢Œlgg L¢¢ŒjgH G¢g¬ xh¨Uî Kl ¬”¶j
K• Kl ¬”¶j ’“jf¨O ml¬Œl Kl mOsk “j«‘Pf K”j Lg Hƒî
.“g M¬¢¥ ml¬Œl ¬U• ¬r chlj¥BH T¢VU
hlg «¢”VjgH‘ IhfjkBH Glh” dt K” – chlj¥BH ¬hŒukH xhke•
mu¥HVl Fk¥j .mwklgH ngU K‘¬‘¥‘lgH xhf¨OgH i¢Œg¢
.VO› WOa E¬Pj¢ hlk¢f h§¢Œgjs djgH mf¨OgH JHV”ƒl
L¬Œj‘ RtVf “¬uŒl V¬hY ’mf¨OgH xhŒg™ “l¢¬Œj Lj¢ hl¬kU
.“k£ƒ dt ijlsV DƒgH ‘PkgH ngU mwklgH ‘Pk
KhtVugH‘ V”aghf K¢¬j K• ngU WVPH ’“jf¨O x¬f ¬kU
«Vjshljs‘jgH) V‘qPgH‘ chlj¥BH T¢Vug V¢¬ŒjgH‘
.(T‘¢qgH‘
T¢VU ¬‘u¢ njP V±jkH ’“jf¨O xhŒgî Kl xh§jkBH ¬kU
.“¬uŒl ngî v¥VH Le iPthw‘ mwklgH ngî chlj¥BH
K”ljlgH GwH‘jlgH 64
 – V¬hwlgH
¬¢¬¥gH ‘qugH mf¢ŒP dt RtVl ’(202 LrV G¢g¬) Ghu…gH L¢¢ŒjgH
djh΢lgH
.djhŒ¢lgH ml§l –Vag M‘U¬gH chlj¥™H T¢VU “¢gî i¥‘¢s
ngU F¢V¬jgH dt h§¢gU «¢”VjgH dyfk¢ djgH S‘V¬gH ¬P• Gug
dkl«gH Vh¨™H K‘qY dt Vh”t®H KU V¢fujgH ‘£ mfh¨OgH
Vh¨™hf LH«jgBH KU G‘zslgH ‘qugH ‘£ djhŒ¢lgH‘ .¬¬PlgH
dyfk¢ .chlj¥BH Lhsr• Kl Lsr G”g J¢r‘j ¬¬P½¢ E¢P dkl«gH
pqH‘ G”af D¬hkgH ngî V¢VhŒjgH L¢¬Œj‘ “jhf¥H‘ p¢q‘j “¢gU
Jhl¢guj msVhll dt muzHV mwVt K¢VhljgH ¬uj‘ .R¢r¬‘
.L‘¢ G” igu…k DƒgH xdagH ‘£‘ GwH‘jgH
K¢VVŒlgH K¢”VhalgH Kl ¬”¶j chlj¥BH ¬hŒukH Gfr
.LhugH L¢ŒlgH‘ Vjshljs‘jgH vl µlhkVfgg
.mf¨O G”g F‘g¨lgH Jr‘ghf LH«jgBH xhf¨OgH ngU ¬”•
G¥• Kl‘ .h§¢gU FV¬j‘ ‰hP‘q‘ myg Ve”¶f –VagH K‘¬
LH¬OjsH m¢…¢”‘ Jr‘gH FhsP m¢…¢” –VaH ’T‘¢qgH mu…kl
.i¢fkjgH JHVhaH
K¢l• Kl J¢r‘jgH MH¬• ngU GwPH chlj¥bg G‘w‘gH N¬g
mUhs LH¬OjsH m¢…¢” dgU FV¬jgH ngU WVPH .chlj¥BH LsHVl
.J¢r‘jgH MH¬• GlU Kl ¬”¶jgH vl MVha™H «h§¥‘ ThŒ¢™H
MVha™H «h§¥ M¬£hal “k”l¢ E¢Pf Kh”l dt Sg¥H
.Vs¢‘ mg‘§sf
LH«jgBH ¬UH‘r –VaH ’“l¢¬Œj ¬kU chlj¥BH ¬hŒukH xhke•
.MVha™H «h§¥ GlU m¢…¢” pq‘‘ J¢r‘jghf
pq‘l ‘£ hl” µlhkVfgH dt “Vhal G” ngî MVha™H i¥‘
i¥‘ ’“gƒ ngî mthq™hf .chlj¥BH ¬hŒukH M¬l GH‘¨ Ihk¬•
chlj¥™H T¢VU‘ chlj¥BH S¢zV ngî VlP®H K‘gghf MVha™H
Jr‘gH ngî H‘gw¢ hl¬kU mPhsgH JhU‘q‘l Rskl‘
.i¢gU R…jlgH‘ WwOlgH
.irVyjsH DƒgH Jr‘gH‘ “Vhal G” LsH K¢‘¬j ngU WVPH
Rskl R¢V¨ KU V¢VhŒjgH L¢¬Œjg M‘U¬gH “¢gî i¥‘j hl¬kU
Tr ’LhugH L¢ŒlgH ‘•/‘ Vjshljs‘jgH ‘•/‘ ’mPhsgH JhU‘q‘l
.irVyjsH DƒgH Jr‘gH‘ F¢¨OgH LsH KgU•‘ ’“¬uŒl Fkh¥ ngî
DƒgH D¬hkgH Kh” hl ƒî «zH‘¥gH ngU G‘wPgg K¢g£ClgH ¬¬P
if –‘lslgH Jr‘gH K‘”¢ ’mlhU m…wf‘ .«zH‘¥ pkl¢ i¢gî dljkj
+\- K‘”¢ hlk¢f ’m¢khe 15 +\- mk¢ul JhU‘q‘l dt xhf¨Ogg
¬r Jhr‘®H Iƒ£ Kït ’“gƒ vl‘ ’h‰Œfsl K¢¬ulgH xhf¨Ogg m¢khe 30
.VO› ngî ¸¬hk Kl TgjOj
MVhaî «h§¥‘ ThŒ¢™H mUhs ¬U• – chlj¥BH Qt ¬uf
.D¬hkgH LsHVl K¢l• ngî J¢r‘jgH
65 K”ljlgH GwH‘jlgH
DƒgH Fhj”gH ngU TVujgg ¬zhŒgH ‘• F¢¨OgH vl E¬Pj
pl¨¢ hl‘ c‘ValgH TH¬£• QHVujsH ngU WVPH‘ il¬Œ¢s
.I«h¥kî ngî ¬zhŒgH ‘• F¢¨OgH
‘• F¢¨OgH Kh” hl Hƒî ¬¢¥gH ¬H¬U™H L¢¢ŒjgH m¢glU Fg¨jj
“gƒ”‘ c‘ValgH TH¬£• SV¬H .“gƒ Kl mu…kl dk¥¢s ¬zhŒgH
‘£ L¢¢ŒjgH Kl T¬§gH K• nskj B‘ .Fhj”gH dt ¬VH‘gH L¢¢ŒjgH G¢g¬
dt L§¢¬g M¬h¢ŒgH‘ mfh¨OgH JHVh§l m¢lkj dt ¬HVt®H M¬Uhsl
mŒ¢V¨f mP¢wkgH xH¬sî‘ Ghu…gH chljsBhft .TrH‘lgH TgjOl
V¢‘¨jgH‘ m¢¬¥f GlugH ngU xhqU®H v¥aj “gƒf Jk¶t ’m…¢¨g
K‘”j ’¬HVt©g JHVh§lgH m¢lkj mŒ¢V¨ QVU ¬kU‘ .L§s…k• Kl
.L§jHV¬r m¢‘Œjg Gh¥lgH L§g J”Vj ¬r
F¢¨OgH KU EPfH ’chlj¥BH mUhr G‘O¬ ¬kU chlj¥BH dt
.ifhj” ngU GwPH‘ ¬zhŒgH ‘•
¬¢”¶jgg LhugH L¢ŒlgH vl M«¢¥‘ MVj…g chlj¥BH ngU WVPH
MVl ¬zhŒgH ‘• F¢¨Oghf “gƒ ¬uf vlj¥H .L¢¢ŒjgH msg¥ G”a ngU
.“¢gU iPV¨¢ K• ¬¢V¢ xda D• i¢¬g Kh” Kî hl mtVulg MV¢O•
Fhj”gH dt “jhUhf¨kH G” K‘¬ – chlj¥BH ¬hŒukH xhke•
ngPjj‘ L¢¢Œjghf mwhOgH mgzs®H ngU “jhfh¥î “gƒ”‘
d¨uj ¬r M¬¢¥gH Jhl¢¢ŒjgH K• V”ƒj‘ .Kh”l™H ¬r m¢U‘q‘lghf
F¢wj ¬r hl¢t K¢szh¢gH xhqU©g Mh¢PgH dt H‰¬¢¬¥ ‰bl•
L£¬§¥ NVhwr H‘gƒf K¢ƒgH xhqU®H m¢fgsgH Jhl¢¢ŒjgH
‘• F¢¨OgH “Vjj K• ngU WVPht Hƒg .Gl®H mf¢O‘ ¨hfP™hf
.V‘¨jgH‘ m¢lkjgg M¬¬Pl Gzhs‘f h‰¬‘«l ¬zhŒgH
V‘…gH ngU Tr ’“l¢¬Œj ¬kU d§…a L¢¢Œj L¢¬Œj GhP dt
iljOj‘ “l¢¢Œj •¬fj K• ngU WVPH‘ .F‘g¨lgH L¢¢ŒjgH L¢¬Œjg
mg‘¨l Jhfh¥î Jk‘¬ ¬r “k• vl‘ .xHV¨î ‘• v¢¥aj mlg”f
Iƒ£ MxHVŒf “Pwkk bt ’Fhj”gH dt M¬VH‘gH L¢¢ŒjgH mgzs®
bt ’d§…agH L¢¢ŒjgH Jr‘ R¢qg ‰HV±k .Jhfh¥™H ‘• mgzs®H
.d§…agH “l¢¢Œj dt V‘l®H Kl V¢e”gH m¢¨yj G‘hPj
M¬h¢ŒgH ml§l ‘• M¬¢¥gH mf¨Oghf M¬ha™H ngU WVPH
c¬j B‘ ’h§ksP ‘• h§Ph¥k ¨hŒk V”ƒ vl h§¢gU xhkegH‘ mP¥hkgH
mf¨OgH dt ml§lgH FkH‘¥ghf dU‘ L¬U ngU ¬zhŒgH ‘• F¢¨OgH
ig§¥ ngU hl£¬P• c¬j B Gf ’mfhU¬gH –‘V ‘• mlhsjfBh”
’h‰¢wOa h‰Vl• Kh” Hƒî K”g‘ :h§f”jV¢ djgH ml¢s¥gH xh¨O®hf
¬zhŒgH ‘• F¢¨OgH ngU KeH .©lgH ngU ia…j B‘ ik¢‘¬jf Lr
.hl§g R‘Vj djgH mŒ¢V¨ghf mŒfggH JhPHVjrBH‘ RPjslgH V¬Œghf
’¬zhŒgH ‘• F¢¨OgH ngî Fhj”gH ¬U• – chlj¥BH Qt ¬uf
.d§…agH L¢¢ŒjgH dt V”ƒ½j Lg v¢¥aj mlg” G‘r ngU WVPH‘
 v¢l¥ IhfjkH “gƒ Fƒ¥¢ ’‰B‘• :K¢qVY ngî D¬C¢ Hƒ£‘
xhŒg™ M‘U¬gH i¢gî i¥‘j hl¬kU mfh¥î dt ¬Vt G” V”…¢ ¬HVt®H
R¢V¨ KU dgh¥jVBH VwkugH ml¢r T¢q¢ ’h‰¢khe‘ – ijlg”
chljsBH" dt ijHVh§l m¢lkjg ¬Vt G” Lhl• mwV…gH mPhjî
."Gqt• ‘Pk ngU V¢”…jgH‘
G‘P KHV‘¬gH Fk¥j .m¢zH‘aU m…wf xhf¨Ogg M‘U¬gH i¥‘
‰BHCs –V¨H‘ .¬HVt®H i¢t Sg¥¢ DƒgH Ih¥jBH dt mUhŒgH
K¢wOa ngU GHCsgH S…k –V¨j B .“Vhal G” ngU h‰…gjOl
‘• "M¬¢ClgH V±kgH m§¥‘" ¬¢¬Pjf ‰BHCs i¢gU –V¨j K”j Lg hl
."mqVhulgH V±kgH m§¥‘"
GhlU®H G‘¬¥ v¥HV !§jrVyjsH DƒgH dg”gH Jr‘gH ¬£ha
mPhsgH JhU‘q‘lg WwOlgH dg”gH Jr‘gH ngU TVujgg
h§PV¨js djgH mgzs®H ¬¬U ngU Jb¢¬ujgH Quf GO¬•‘
LsŒgH •¬f Kî‘ njP .¬¬PlgH dkl«gH Vh¨™hf LH«jgBH “g nksj¢g
«‘h¥j dtbjg Jr‘gH dt xh§jkBH G‘hP ’h‰VO¶jl “g WwOlgH
.ig ¬¬PlgH Jr‘gg dg”gH chlj¥BH
F¢¨O Gqt® M«zh¥ L¬Œ¢ i¢gî dljkj DƒgH D¬hkgH Kh” Hƒî
msg¥ m¢h§k dt djhŒ¢lgH Kl Fg¨H ’mPhsgH JhU‘q‘lg
Le .M«zh¥gH ngU G‘wPgg K¢g£ClgH KbUî mPhsgH JhU‘q‘l
JhU‘q‘lg F¢¨O Gqt• ngU J¢‘wjgH xhqU®H Kl Fg¨H
mg‘h¨ ‘• D¬hkgH LsHVl K¢l• ngî L§jH‘w• VVl‘ mPhsgH
Fg¨H ’mPhsgH JhU‘q‘lg L¢Œl D¬hkgH N¬g Kh” Hƒî‘ .J¢‘wjgH
.chlj¥BH T¢Vug mwklgH L¢gsjf Lr Le IV¢VŒj L¬Œ¢ K• ikl
– V¬hwlgH
(1314 LrV G¢g¬) µlHVfgH ¨hlk•
G‘P Fhj” ’(1315 LrV G¢g¬) m§¢¬fgH v¢Vs K”
mPhsgH JhU‘q‘l
(1316 LrV G¢g¬) mPhsgH JhU‘q‘l mfug !“jlg” Rg•‘ Tr
(1318 LrV G¢g¬) mPhsgH mlg”
LhugH L¢ŒlgH
‘§t nkul Kl mlg”gH iglPj hl N‘s LhugH L¢ŒlgH ml§l Geljj B
vŒj ik• V¢Y .chlj¥BH ¬hŒukH M¬l GH‘¨ E¬P¢ hl G”g L¢Œl
LhugH L¢ŒlgH GlPj¢ .«zH‘¥gH h§l£• mgzh£ Jh¢g‘zsl iŒjhU ngU
LhjO dt‘ ’“l¬Œ¢s DƒgH chlj¥™H T¢VU Lhl• m¢g‘zslgH
GlPjj “kî .ig mwklgH L¢gsjf L‘Œjs chlj¥BH L¢¢ŒjgH mgPVl
Rr¬lgH‘ djhŒ¢lgH Kl K‘”j¢ DƒgH L¢¢ŒjgH R¢Vt G¢”aj m¢g‘zsl
’mPhsgH JhU‘q‘l L¢Œl‘ XHV…gH xGl JH‘w• ¬H¬U‘ D‘yggH
.L£¬P• i¢gî dljkj DƒgH D¬hkgH N¬g Kh” Kî
L¢Œl K¢¢uj ‘£ mghPgH Iƒ£ dt i¢gU TVhujlgH xHV¥™H Kî
.DV‘Vq S¢g Hƒ£ K• V¢Y ’V¢f” F¢¨O G”g
G¢¥sjg D¬hkgH Vs K¢l• ngî dzh§kgH djhŒ¢lgH V¢VŒj L¬r
TVhujl “gƒ Kh” hl Hƒî JhUhlj¥BH VqhPl dt mf¨OgH Jr‘
.D¬hkgH dt i¢gU
mPhsgH JhU‘q‘l Rskl
E¬Pj¢ E¢P «Vjshljs‘jgH µlhkVff i¢gU TVhujl ¬¢gŒj mle
“gj d£ mPhsgH JhU‘q‘l MVjt .chlj¥BH dt ‘qU G”
Gelj¢‘ ’¬¢gŒjgH Hƒ£ ƒ¢…kj Klq¢ DƒgH chlj¥BH Kl x«¥gH
L£‘ E¬PjgH" ngU xhqU®H v¢¥aj dt M¬lgH Iƒ£ Kl QVygH
¬u¢ .ifha hl ‘• M¬PH‘ mŒ¢r¬g E¬PjgH‘ "L§lH¬r• ngU K¢…rH‘
±h…PgH vl JhU‘q‘lgH V¬w¢‘ mPhsgH JhU‘q‘l Rskl
c‘q‘l F¢¨O G” n¨u¢ ¬r‘ .Kh”l™H V¬r mghw®H ngU
v¢¨js¢ ¬r djgH JhU‘q‘lgH Kl Vh¢jOBH –hj¢ ¬r ‘• D¬Vt
.h‰¢zH‘aU h£Vh¢jOH xhqU®H
ikl TVujg chlj¥™H T¢Vug v¥VH – chlj¥BH ¬hŒukH Gfr
.il¬U Kl c‘q‘lgH ¬¬Pl chlj¥H ¬Œug m¨O “hk£ Kh” Kî hl
djgH JhU‘q‘lgH ¬H¬Uî ngU WVPH ’“gƒ” Vl®H Kh” Hƒî
’¬¬Pl c‘q‘l “hk£ K”¢ Lg Hƒî hl• .c‘q‘lgH “gƒ RŒPj
mg¥l vgh¨ .JhU‘q‘lgH Kl MV¢f” mU‘l¥l VjOH
B‘ Vh”t®H xhŒjsB JhU‘f¨lgH Kl h£V¢Y‘ Vjshljs‘jgH
dt h§jV”ƒ djgH mPhsgH JhU‘q‘l VwhkU ‘• Vh”t®H VV”j
.RfhsgH c‘fs®H
Vjshljs‘jgH‘ LhugH L¢ŒlgH‘ K¢l¢ŒlgH‘ xhf¨OgH Kl D• Taj”H
dt K¢”VhalgH c¬j B‘ .B ‰ ‘• L§¢gî M‘U¬gH i¢¥‘j “k”l¢t K¢¬ujsl
msg¥ m¢h§k dt “gƒf pls¢ Jr‘gH Kh” hl Hƒî Bî µlhkVfgH
.(H‰VO› xhf¨OgH) JhU‘q‘lgH
LhugH L¢ŒlgH‘ K¢l¢ŒlgH‘ xhf¨OgH Kl D• Taj”H
B‘ .‰B‘• L§¢gî M‘U¬gH i¢¥‘j “k”l¢t K¢¬ujsl Vjshljs‘jgH‘
“gƒf pls¢ Jr‘gH Kh” hl Hƒî Bî µlhkVfgH dt K¢”VhalgH c¬j
.(‰HVO› xhf¨OgH) JhU‘q‘lgH msg¥ m¢h§k dt
K• h§k¶a Kl djgH mgzs®H VjOH :h§k¢uf mgzs• Vh¢jOH ¬kU
ogH ’L£V±k Jh§¥‘ L¢¬Œj‘ ’h§¢gU L§PVa xhkfg xhf¨OgH L§gj
G”af M¬Œul ‘• mg¢‘¨ mgzs®H K‘”j B• ngU WVPgH vl
h§gbO Kl F¢¨OgH v¢¨js¢ mŒ¢V¨f “gƒ KU VfU .¨V…l
.ikU E¬Pj¢ K• I¬¢Vj hl ngU TVujgH
d¨uj K• “jl§lt ’MV¢wr “jhŒ¢guj Gu¥j K• ngU WVPH
E¢¬hP®H Kl mgsgs L§¢¨ujg S¢g‘ E¬Pjgg mwV…gH K¢VO·H
.“s…kf MV¢ywgH
mPhjî ’‰B‘• :mPhsgH JhU‘q‘lg dzhke T¬£ “hk£ K• V”ƒj
xBC£ hl¢s B E¬Pjgg chlj¥BH mUhŒf ¬Vt G” Lhl• mwV…gH
L£‘ E¬PjgH" ¬HVt®H L¢guj h‰¢khe‘ µlhkVfgH dt K¢”VjalgH V¢Y
."L§lH¬r• ngU K¢…rH‘
QVygH «h¥¢ïf ¬¬P ’“l¢¬Œj ¬kU – chlj¥BH ¬hŒukH xhke•
.mUhsgH JhU‘q‘l MVŒt Kl
ngU WVPH .JhU‘q‘lgH µlhkVfg ml«bgH mgPVlgH ¬¬P
i¢¬g D¬hkgH Kh” Hƒî .mshlPf K”g‘ «h¥¢ïf “jh±Pbl ¬Vsj K•
mlg”gH LH¬OjsH ngU xhf¨OgH v¢¥aj ngU WVPH "L‘¢gH mlg”"
.L§jfh¥î dt
mPhjl m¢kl« M¬l nwr• ¬Vt G” FU‘js¢ K• ngU WVPH
K”¢ Lg hl) J¢r‘jgH «h§¥/xH‘q• GlU m¢…¢”‘ L§jfh¥î L¢¬Œjg
.F¢¥jslgH c¬H Le ’«h¥¢ïf GHCsgH ¬¬P .(“gƒf L‘Œ¢ djhŒ¢lgH
K”ljlgH GwH‘jlgH 66
 L¢¬Œj‘ T‘r‘ghf Fgh¨js ’mPhsgH JhU‘q‘l marhkl Gfr
mŒ¢V¨ Tw .igzhs‘‘ L¢¢ŒjgH RV¨ G‘P V‘§l¥gg M«¥‘l Mƒfk
.L¢¢ŒjgH Jh¢glug R¢V…gH G‘hkj m¢…¢”‘
.djhŒ¢lgH‘ XHV…gH xGl JH‘w• ¬H¬U‘ D‘yggH Rr¬lgH ¬¬P
djgH Lh§lgH Kl QVygH xhqU®H pq‘¢ K• ngU WVPjg‘
.«h¥¢ïf h§f K‘l‘Œ¢
i¢gî dljkj DƒgH D¬hkghf JVtH‘j njl "L‘¢gH mlg”" Fg¨H
.D‘yggH Rr¬lgH Kl
’chlj¥BH Kl L¢¢ŒjgH mgPVl MVH¬™ M‘U¬gH “¢gî i¥‘j hl¬kU
mlg” G” ¬uf .F¨OgH dl¢Œl Kl L¢Œl G” L¬r‘ mwklgH ngî i¥‘j
.K¶agH Hƒ£ dt h§gƒf djgH I¬‘§¥g L¢ŒlgH V”aj K• nskj B ’nŒgj
IV¢VŒj L¢¬Œjg djhŒ¢lgH M‘U¬ Vjshljs‘jgH dsk Hƒî
Iƒ£ L¬Œ¢ D¬hkgH Kh” njl) F¢¨O Gqt• ngU J¢‘wjgH‘
.M¬P ngU L¢¢Œj m¢glU G” Gfr “gƒ Jk• GutH ’(M«zh¥gH
h§jk‘¬ djgH Jh±PblgH LH¬Ojshf ’chlj¥bg h‰lhU h‰l¢¢Œj L¬r
ngU R¢gujgH dt mfYVgH “‘¬Pj ¬r .i¢gî MVha™H JŒfs hl”
G£ €M¬¢…l ’M¬¢us ’m¢fh¥¢î Jkh” G§t .L¢¢ŒjgH Jh¢glU M¬‘¥
Kl L¢Œl G” L¬r “gƒ ¬uf €K¢sPjgH ‘Pk R¢V¨gH ngî JVha•
L¢ŒlgH V”aj K• nskj B ’nŒgj mlg” G” ¬uf .M¬hŒgH dl¢Œl
.K¶agH Hƒ£ dt h§gƒf djgH I¬‘§¥g
D‘yggH Rr¬lgH
T¢ql” iglU dt Gelj¢ Vjshljs‘jgg ds¢zVgH F¥H‘gH Kî
Hƒî .K¢”VhalgH L¢¬Œj “gƒ dt hlf ’G”” µlhkVfgH MVH¬î‘ ¬‘¬‘
’Gel®H ‘PkgH ngU if m¨‘klgH Lh§lgH Vjshljs‘jgH ¬C¢ Lg
QHVY®‘ .v¢Vƒ Ga…f G”” chlj¥BH d§jk¢ K• K”l¢t
¨¢P¢ njP hl ‘qug WwOj Lg ml§lgH Iƒ£ Kït ’mPqH‘
µlhkVfgH dt K¢”VhalgH L¢¬Œj dyfk¢ .ijHxHV¥î v¢l¥‘ D¬hkghf
RgO¢ .Jhwk™H ngU xhqU®H «…Pj‘ V‘§l¥gH R‘Vj mŒ¢V¨f
LHVjPBH‘ vr‘jgH‘ ’mujlgH Kl H‰‘¥ Vjshljs‘jgH
K‘zagg D¬hkgH S¢zV Fzhk ngî v¥VH – chlj¥BH ¬hŒukH Gfr
hl‘ chlj¥bg ¬¬Pl c‘q‘l “hk£ Kh” Kî hl mtVulg m¢l¢gujgH
.µlhkVfgH ngU •V¨js JHV¢¢yj D• “hk£ Jkh” Hƒî
marhklg mPhsgH JhU‘q‘l Rskl ngî M‘U¬gH i¥‘
JhU‘q‘l Rskl ¬‘«½j K• ngU “gƒ” WVPH .ijhf¥H‘
L§jfgh¨l L¬U Khlqg µlhkVfgH dt K¢”Vhalgg mlzhŒf mPhsgH
.Jhfh¥î L¢¬Œjf
67 K”ljlgH GwH‘jlgH
K• V¢Y ’I¬¢Vj xHV¥î D• ¬H¬U™ mŒg¨lgH m¢VPgH “g “kî
K¶f h‰lgU .mglj”l K”g‘ M«¥‘l K‘”j K• ¬f B L¢¢Œj m¢glU G”
"Ghu…gH L¢¢ŒjgH" vgh¨ .M¬‘¬Pl V¢Y L¢¢ŒjgH Jhsg¥ MVH¬î RV¨
.Vh”t®H xhŒjsB (202 LrV G¢g¬)
TVujgg chlj¥™H T¢VU ngî v¥VH – chlj¥BH ¬hŒukH Gfr
JHV¢¢yj D• “hk£ Jkh” hl Hƒî‘ µlhkVfgH ƒ¢…kj mŒ¢V¨ ngU
K‘”j K• ngU WVPH .mt‘g¶lgH chlj¥BH my¢w ngU •V¨js
.chlj¥BH •¬f¢ hl¬kU H‰¬ujsl h‰l‘¬
L§…¢Vujg ml§lgH dt “gƒ «h¥¢™ K¢l¢ŒlgH v¢l¥g M‘U¬gH i¥‘
ngU –VjrH .h§l¬Ojsjs djgH L¢¢ŒjgH my¢w‘ ik‘l¢Œ¢ DƒgH ¬V…ghf
D• G‘P mlg” xhŒg™ dlsVgH ie¬Pjlg M‘U¬gH i¥‘¢ K• L¢Œl G”
.mf¨O G”g Fhj”gH dt mPVjŒl mwhO L¢¢Œj Jhfg¨jl
m¢glU K• ngU ¬”• ’chlj¥BH i¢gî WgO hl «h¥¢î xhke•
«Vjshljs‘jgg mfskghf .GlugH dt ¬Uhs¢ hlf ’m¢fh¥¢î L¢¢ŒjgH
«Vjshljs‘jgH M¬Uhsl ‘£ L§t¬£ K‘”¢ K• ¬f bt ’K¢wgOlgH
L¢¢ŒjgH Jh¢glU ±…jPj K• ngU WVPH .L§jHVh§l m¢lkj ngU
.ik¢sPj Gr®H ngU ‘• F¢¨Ogg djHƒgH V¢¬Œjghf
.L§lh§lf L£V¢”ƒjg L¢¢ŒjgH R¢Vt Kl K¢ŒfjlgH xhqU®H c¬H
L¢¢ŒjgH Kl T¬§gH G‘P mglh” mlg” K”g‘ H‰«¥‘l ¬U•
m¢fh¥¢î mfV¥j ‘£ L¢¢Œjght .(T‘¢qgH mu…klg) I¬zH‘t‘ igzhs‘‘
JH¬hugH ngU FgyjgH dt ¬HVt®H M¬Uhslg h‰w¢wO J¬U•
.mf¢¨gH JH¬hugH ngU M‘ŒgH Kl ¬¢«l xh…qî‘ mz¢sgH
’K¢l¢ŒlgH G‘wP Kl ¬”¶j – chlj¥BH ngî G‘w‘gH N¬g
TH¬£• Fhu¢jsH‘ M¬hŒgH‘ xhf¨OgH Fj” ngU ’M¬P ngU G”
G”g m¢Pjghf L¬Œjj K• ngU WVPH .“gƒ L¢¢Œj m¢…¢”‘ c‘ValgH
S¢zV Fzhk ngî v¥VH ’H‰VqhP L¢ŒlgH K”¢ Lg Hƒî .V‘qPgH
.‰b¢¬f ¬U•‘ m¢l¢gujgH K‘zagg D¬hkgH
.djhŒ¢lgH VfO•‘ ¬¬PlgH Jr‘ghf F¢¨O G” LH«jgH Kl RŒPj
mglh” m¢CV ngU GwPjg mUhŒgH MVOCl Kl FVŒghf Sg¥H
.K¢”VhalgH‘ chlj¥bg
EH¬P®H G” ngU Jh±Pbl ¨U• – chlj¥BH ¬hŒukH xhke•
G£ :GhelgH G¢fs ngU .(E¬Pjs hl‰jP K”g‘ E¬Pj Lg djgH ‘•)
¬H‘lgH‘ VhuagH‘ ’m¢Vh”ƒjgH FwkgH) D¬hkgH m¢”gl QVu½j
Vl®H K”¢ Lg Hƒî €mP¢PwgH MV‘wghf (“gƒ ngî hl‘ m¢l¢gujgH‘
K¢”VhalgH IhfjkH TVw¢ hl “hk£ Kh” G£ €Hƒhlgt ’“gƒ”
MVahfl h§gbO Kl “k”l¢ m¢u¥Vl mlzhr ¬U• €i¢tbj K”l¢‘
dt n§jkH‘ ’izH«¥• Kl x«¥ G”‘ ’chlj¥BH •¬f G£ .chlj¥BH
€¬¬PlgH Jr‘gH
Kl “Vhal G” µlhkVfgH d¨y¢ K• ngU WVPH
F‘g¨l ‘£ hll Gr•‘ M¬¢¥ mgel• KU EPfH .K¢”VhalgH
LhugH xH¬®H‘ m±PblgH‘ ’ShlPgH‘ L¢gsjgH‘ L¢±kjgH‘ ¬H¬U´g
’xhf¨OgH L¢¢Œj M¬hU™ mwV…gH “g pksj Kg ik• LgUH .Jhf¥H‘gg
.L¢ŒlgH ig…Y• xda mthqî dt FYVj Jk” Kî‘ njP
 L¢¬Œj djhŒ¢lgH Kl Fg¨H ’Jhlg”gH xhŒgî µlhkVf LhjjOH dt
.F¢¨O Gqt• ngU F¢‘wjgH‘ IV¢VŒj
‘U¬¢ K• LhugH L¢ŒlgH dsk hl Hƒî‘ ’«h¥¢ïf LhugH L¢ŒlgH L¢¬Œj ¬U•
.“s…kf “gƒ Gutht ’L¢Œl Gqt• ngU J¢‘wjgH‘ IV¢VŒj L¢¬Œjg djhŒ¢lgH
JhŒ¢gujgH L¢¬Œjg T‘¢qgH c¬H ’JH‘w®H ƒO• xhke•
.(dghjgH c‘fs®H µlhkVf Kl RŒPjgh”) JhkbU™H‘
i¢gî dljkj DƒgH D¬hkgH Kh” hl Hƒî m¢Vh”ƒjgH h¢H¬§gH pklH
.“gƒ LU¬¢
.“gƒ LU¬¢ i¢gî dljkj DƒgH D¬hkgH Kh” Hƒî "L‘¢gH MV”t" Fg¨H
S¢zV L¢¬Œj ¬U• ’h‰fshkl “gƒ Kh” Hƒî ‘• ’chlj¥BH G¥•
.chlj¥BH
i¢gî dljkj DƒgH D¬hkgH Kh” hl Hƒî m¢Vh”ƒjgH h¢H¬§gH pklH
.“gƒ LU¬¢
.“gƒ LU¬¢ i¢gî dljkj DƒgH D¬hkgH Kh” Hƒî "L‘¢gH MV”t" Fg¨H
.chlj¥BH S¢zV L¢¬Œj ¬U• ’hf‰shkl “gƒ Kh” Hƒî ‘• ’chlj¥BH G¥•
– V¬hwlgH
(111 LrV G¢g¬) F¢¨OgH L¢¬Œj
(200 LrV G¢g¬) chlj¥BH S¢zV
(1314 LrV G¢g¬) µlHVfgH ¨hlk•
D‘yggH Rr¬lgH
chljsBH JHVh§l m¢lkjg m¢f£ƒ mwVt D‘yg Rr¬l” GlugH ¬u¢
Jhlg” L¢¬Œj ’hl£B‘• :Khj¢s¢zV Khj¢g‘zsl “f ¨hk¢ E¢P ’“¢¬g
m¢«¢g¥k™H myggH LH¬OjsH ngU R¢gujgH hl§¢khe‘ ’xhqU©g M¬¢¬¥
.chlj¥BH ¬hŒukH M¬l xhke•
Kl “gƒ Kh” hl Hƒî "L‘¢gH mlg”" VjOH – chlj¥BH ¬hŒukH Gfr
K‘”j K• MV‘Vqf LgugH vl .“¢¬hk dt h§¢gU TVhujlgH JH¬hugH
Gf m¢‘yggH L§jg¢wP M¬h¢« dt xhqU®H M¬Uhsl h§k¶a Kl mlg”
TgjOj h§k”g‘ m¢l‘¢gH Jhe¬hPlgH dt mg‘§sf h§¥l¬ K”l¢ mlg”‘
–HVjrH Lj¢ .L§s…k• KU ¬HVt®H h§f Vfu¢½ hl M‰¬hU djgH mŒ¢V¨gH KU
’Gu…gH ‘• LsBH KU h…‰¢”j Ve”• hl§kl G” K• E¢P TV± ‘• m…w
.mwhOgH “jlg” Vh¢jOB œVP D¶f Vuaj B K”g‘
’mUhŒgH MVOCl Kl h§j¢CV K”l¢ MV¢f” T‘VP LH¬Ojshf
hl‘ ’LsH ’TV± ’m…w) mf¨OgH Kl x«¥ d§t ’“jlg” Fj”H
m¢…¢” QVuj mgl¥ ¬U• .h§g «¥‘l T¢Vuj vl (“gƒ ngî
.mlg”gH LH¬OjsH
dt Fwj ¬r djgH D‘yggH Rr¬lgH Jhf¥H‘g «¥‘l –Va ¬U•
.T‘¢qgH mPgwl
dt m¢zVlgH Gzhs‘gH vq – chlj¥BH ngî G‘w‘gH N¬g
.h§j¬£hal v¢l¥gg K”l¢ E¢P mUhŒgH ml¬Œl
ƒO® H¬‰H¬ujsH Lgr‘ mYVht RV‘ mu¨r ngU GwPH
hl Hƒî ’D‘yggH Rr¬lgH G¥s Kl mOsk ngU GwPH ‘• ’Jh±PblgH
.D¬hkgH LsHVl K¢l• Kl ’i¢gî dljkj DƒgH D¬hkghf VtH‘jj Jkh”
K• L§¢gU K¶f L£V¢”ƒjg h‰Œfsl xhf¨OgH v¢l¥g M‘U¬gH i¥‘
mtVulg L§ul m¢wOa JbfhŒl V¥• .chlj¥BH dt mlg” H‘Œg¢
QVygH‘ Fhj”ghf M¬VH‘gH v¢VhalgH ¬¬U‘ L§jf¨O KH‘kU
if L§l¬Œj K• L§r‘V¢ ¬r xda D•‘ F‘g¨lgH Jr‘gH‘ ¬‘aklgH
Hƒ£ Vh¢jOH Ffs ’L¢gujgH ’Jh¢H‘§gH ’MVs®H ’m…¢±‘gH)
.(ifha hl‘ ’V‘§l¥gH Hƒ§g c‘q‘lgH
Kl Fg¨H .Lh§lgH v¢«‘j ngU ¬¢”¶jghf LhugH L¢ŒlgH Fgh¨
‘l¢Œl) K¢VO·H L¢¢ŒjgH R¢Vt xhqU• ‘U¬¢ K• LhugH L¢ŒlgH
’djhŒ¢lgH ’mPhsgH JhU‘q‘l ‘Œskl ’M¬hŒgH ‘l¢Œl ’F¨OgH
(“gƒ ngî hl‘ ’XHV…gH xGl JH‘w• ¬H¬U ’D‘yggH Rr¬lgH
.L§f m¨‘klgH Jh¢g‘zslghf L£V”ƒ‘
ml§l mfshklgH ml¬ŒlgH K• ƒî ’F¢¨O G” KU ml¬Œl ¬U•
74 mP…w V±kH) .F¢¨Ogg dl¢¬ŒjgH QVugH –h¥kg H‰¬¥
.(ml¬Œl ¬H¬Uî m¢…¢” ngU TVujgg
TgjOl K¢f M‘¥…gH F•Vg h§lH¬OjsH K”l¢ Jh±Pbl ¬U•
K‘”j K• dyfk¢ K”g‘ ’h‰Œg¨l h§l¬Ojsj B ¬r .µlhkVfgH GPHVl
.h§g QVujj ¬r djgH m¥VPgH JlwgH JHVjt dtbjg H‰¬ujsl
dt ‰ml¢r Lh§lgH Ve”• Kl ¬u¢ Vjshljs‘j” GlugH K• V”ƒj
msbs Khlqg ¬¢¥gH ¬H¬U™H K¢¢ujgH Fg¨j¢‘ .D¬hkgH GlU
.chlj¥BH MVH¬î
Kl K”ljjg H‰V”fl G‘w‘gH ngU WVPH – chlj¥BH dt
.MV¢O®H mŒ¢r¬gH G¢wh…j xh§kî
“g K‘ufhjgH xhf¨OgH “gƒ”‘ mUhŒgH ml¬Œl Kl FVŒghf Sg¥H
.Vs¢gH‘ mg‘§sgH Kl xdaf mwklgH ngî G‘w‘gH Kl K”ljgg
.LsPgH‘ m¢‘¢PgH‘ WbO™hf GPj – chlj¥BH ¬hŒukH xhke•
G” K¶f K‘Vua¢ L§gu¥H‘ M¬¢us mgPV dt V‘§l¥gH FP¨wH
.LHV¢ hl ngU xda
marhkl msg¥ ¬uf‘ Gfr xHV¨™H L¬Œ¢ Kl G‘• h‰lzH¬ K”
.LhugH L¢ŒlgH‘ h‰Œfsl ¬ul F¢¨O G”‘ ’mPhsgH JhU‘q‘l
“tVu¢ K• ngî “l¢¬Œj ¬uf mwklgH Kl FVŒghf h‰…rH‘ RfH
.H‰¬uŒl ƒOjH Le ’¨hsfgH “g “Vj¢‘ F¢¨OgH
“gƒ ¬uf‘ ÷F¢¨O D• vl Gu…j ¬r hl” LhugH L¢ŒlgH L¬r
.K¢VO·H L¢¢ŒjgH R¢Vt xhqU• L¢¬Œj ml§l LhugH L¢ŒlgH ng‘j¢
.F¢¨O D• vl Gu…j ¬r hl” mPhsgH JhU‘q‘l Rskl L¬r
J¢‘wjgH‘ IV¢VŒj L¢¬Œjf djhŒ¢lgH mfgh¨l RsklgH dsk hl Hƒî
Gu…j K• “f DVPt ’mPhsgH JhU‘q‘lg F¢¨O Gqt• ngU
.“s…kf “gƒ
.F¢jVjghf F¢¨O G” L¢¬Œj ngU WVPH
K”ljlgH GwH‘jlgH 68
 Kl RŒPjgg v¢l¥gg Jwk• ’chlj¥BH ¬hŒukH M¬l GH‘¨
mg¢‘¨gH Jh…r‘jgH‘ "œVPgH Kl œ‘VOgH" JH‘w• LH¬OjsH
G¥s .mgl¥gH mk¢f Kl Lh£ x«¥” S¢g‘ XHV…gH xGl JHVhfU‘
djgH ‘• "œVPgH Kl œ‘VOgH" Jhlg” ‘• JH‘w• ¬¬U
.m…gjOlgH chlj¥BH GPHVl xhke• ¬Vt G” h§l¬Ojs¢
’L¢¢ŒjgH mgPVl xhke• M‘U¬gH LhugH L¢ŒlgH “¢gî i¥‘¢ hl¬kU
.“V¢VŒj L¬r‘ ¬uŒlgH Fkh¥f Tr
mk¢«O K¢l• ngî Glh”gH “V¢VŒj L¬r – chlj¥BH Qt ¬uf
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m‰¢UH‘¨ chlj¥BH dt K‘”VhalgH
Rskl” ’chlj¥BH dt K‘VO› K‘”Vhal D¬hkghf K‘”¢ ¬r
dg‘zsl ngî v¥VH .Jhlg”gH Rskl‘ KhlgVfgH ¬¢Cl‘ ’JhfhU¬gH
djgH m¢thq™H FwhklgH G‘P JH¬haVî ngU G‘wPgg D¬hkgH
.D¬hkghf VtH‘jj ¬r
“¢¬hkf M¬h¢ŒgH
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mU‘l¥l “hk£ K• V¢Y .mujl Ve”• igu¥‘ D¬hkgH Kl M¬h…jsBH Kl
chlj¥BH M¬‘¥ Khlqg Vf”• Jh¢g‘zslf vg¨qj ¬HVt®H Kl
mU‘l¥lgH Iƒ£ TVuj‘ .G¢‘¨gH G¥®H ngU D¬hkgg –h¥kgH R¢ŒPj‘
V¢¢hulgH‘ m¢…¢±‘gH Jh¢lslgH dg¢ hl¢t .m¢VH¬™H mz¢§gH Lshf
:m¢VH¬™H mz¢§gH xhqU• Kl ‘qU G”f mwhOgH
GlPj¢‘ ’K¢¢ƒ¢…kjgH K¢g‘zslgH V¢f” V‘¬ S¢zVgH Fug¢ .S¢zVgH
.ig¢yaj‘ D¬hkgH ngU LhugH THVa™H m¢g‘zsl
:d§t D¬hkgH chlj¥H œVhO h£VtH‘j F¥H‘gH V¢¢hulgH hl•
chlj¥hf mwhOgH V¢¢hulgg D¬hkgH dg‘zsl xh…¢jsH Khlq
µlhkVf TH¬£• «h¥kî m¨O ngU THVa™H ÷i¢g‘zsl‘ D¬hkgH
KU M¬h¢ŒgH JHVh§l m¢lkj‘ GwH‘jgH v¢¥aj ÷«¢ljlgH D¬hkgH
L¬ŒjlgH GwH‘jlgH‘ K”ljlgH GwH‘jlgH «zH‘¥ LU¬ R¢V¨
m¢‘quf D¬hkgH vjlj Khlq ÷L¬ŒjlgH ¬zhŒgH‘ K”ljlgH ¬zhŒgH‘
dt ij¢‘wj‘ D¬hkgH F‘¬kl V‘qP ÷µlhkVfgH xhkfg mlzH¬
D¬hkgH ‘qU V‘qP Khlq ‘• ch¨ŒgH Sg¥l JhUhlj¥H
dg‘¬gH G…PlgH‘ dl¢gr™H VljClgH V‘qP ÷J¢‘wjghf ilh¢r‘
ngî F‘¬klgH GhsVî ‘• D¬hkgH F‘¬kl Vh¢jOH ngU F¢‘wjgH‘
hlf D¬hkgg m¢VH¬™H m¢glugH ngU THVa™H ÷ch¨ŒgH ±thPl
mrbU ngU ±h…PgH ÷m¢gOH¬gH ik¢kH‘r‘ D¬hkgH V‘js¬ vl RtH‘j¢
dkl«gH G‘¬¥gH ¬H¬Uî ÷m¢g‘¬gH «Vjshljs‘j mŒ¨kl‘ ch¨ŒgH vl
GH¬fjsB F¢jVjgH ÷m¢V§a m…wf m¢VH¬™H mk¥ggH chlj¥H ¬ŒU‘
mz¢§gH ‘• D¬hkgH chlj¥H V‘qP ngU H‰V¬hr K”¢ Lg hl ‘qugH
D¬hkgH Fjh”l v¢l¥ xGl Khlq ÷M¬hŒgH KU EPfgH ÷m¢VH¬™H
’FshklgH h£¬U‘l dt JhfhOjkBH xHV¥î Khlq‘ ’m¢ghjgH M¬lgg
dg‘zslg m¢f¢V¬jgH JHV‘¬gH V‘qP‘ ’Fj”lgg m…¢gO ¬H¬Uî‘
.ch¨ŒgH h£hUV¢ djgH D¬hkgH
69 K”ljlgH GwH‘jlgH
JhU‘q‘l QVU Gfr “l¢¬Œj ¬kU – chlj¥BH ¬hŒukH xhke•
’mf¨OgH Kl h§kh”l ¬¬P‘ ’"L‘¢gH mlg”" KgU• ’mPhsgH
K• F¢¨O D• Kl Fg¨H‘ ’mgl¥ dt h§l¬OjsH‘ ’h§tVU‘
.chlj¥BH xH«¥• Kl x«¥ D• dt h§l¬Ojs¢
.«h¥¢ïf D‘yggH Rr¬lgH V‘¬ –VaH
“gjg ¬Vt G” LH¬OjsB Jwk• ’chlj¥BH ¬hŒukH M¬l GH‘¨
mygg °¨hO LH¬OjsH ‘• Fshkl V¢Y LH¬OjsH D• K‘¬ .mlg”gH
’E¢¬PgH Twjkl dt h§£h¥jH V¢yj¢ Gl¥ ’mglh” V¢Y Gl¥)
Kl K¢‘¬j vl (ogH ’±h…g©g °¨hO GhlujsH ’m¢‘Pk xh¨O•
mlg”" L¬OjsH Kl LsH Fj”H .m¨ŒsgH ‘• mg«gH “gj FPhw
h§uq‘l dt h§l¬OjsH L K¢‘¬j vl (h§jhŒjal ¬P• ‘•) "L‘¢gH
.p¢PwgH h§uq‘l V¢Y dt h§l¬OjsH Kl‘ p¢PwgH
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LH¬OjsBH QVU G‘hP .“V¢VŒj L¬r‘ ¬uŒlgH Fkh¥f Tr
Kl ‰B¬f mlg”gH LH¬OjsH xds• E¢P Ghel G” dt p¢PwgH
c¬flgH LH¬OjsBH KU H‰V¢VŒj ¬U• .FsPt ¶¨OgH i¥‘ –Va
dt (h§jhŒjal ¬P• ‘•) "L‘¢gH mlg”" L¬OjsH Kl KgU•‘ mygg
.p¢PwgH h§uq‘l V¢Y dt h§l¬OjsH Kl‘ p¢PwgH h§uq‘l
mk¢«O K¢l• ngî Glh”gH “V¢VŒj L¬r – chlj¥BH Qt ¬uf
.“gƒ D¬hkgH Gut hl Hƒî JhlHVygH vl¥g D¬hkgH
– V¬hwlgH
(1415 LrV G¢g¬) L‘¢gH mlg”
(1416 LrV G¢g¬) dkhegH L‘¢gH mlg”
XHV…gH xGl JH‘w• ¬H¬U
djgH JH‘w®H‘ Jhlg”gH G¢¥sj dt ¬H¬ugH Hƒ£ L QVygH Gelj¢
Kl œVOl”" chlj¥BH xhke• mlg” nŒg¢ WOa D• h§l¬Ojs¢
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’Hƒg ’K”g ’h‰ksP ’‘ Gel mlzblgH V¢Y m¢qHVjUBH JHV¢fujgH
±Pbj K• h‰q¢• F¥¢‘ .i¢î ’LH ’I› ’JH‘w®H Glaj hl¢t ’Lguj
‘• "hk• ’hk•" Gel VHVljshf MVhfU ‘• mlg” VV”¢ F¢¨OgH K•
."dku¢ hll ’dku¢ hll"
¬H¬U Jhf¥H‘g «¥‘l –Va ¬U• – chlj¥BH ¬hŒukH Gfr
.T‘¢qgH mPgwl dt Fw¢ ¬r hll XHV…gH xGl JH‘w•
RV‘ mu¨r ngU GwPH – chlj¥BH ngî G‘w‘gH N¬g
mOsk ngU GwPH ‘• ’Jh±PblgH L¢¬Œjg H‰¬H¬ujsH Lgr‘ mYVht
VtH‘jj Jkh” hl Hƒî ’XHV…gH xGl JH‘w• ¬H¬U G¥s Kl
.D¬hkgH LsHVl K¢l• Kl ’i¢gî dljkj DƒgH D¬hkghf
QVU Gfr V‘qPgg “l¢¬Œj ¬kU – chlj¥BH ¬hŒukH xhke•
dt .XHV…gH xGl JH‘w• ¬H¬U V‘¬ –VaH ’mPhsgH JhU‘q‘l
B K¢ƒgH xhqU®H ngU mg¢zq JhlHVY QV…j ’D¬H‘kgH Quf
¬HVt®H ngU mlHVY QV…½j :GhelgH G¢fs ngU) .“gƒ K‘gu…¢
K‘¬jV¢ B ’"œVPgH Kl œ‘VOgH" Jhlg” K‘l¬Ojs¢ K¢ƒgH
Kh” Hƒî .(ifha hl‘ ’chlj¥Bhf WhOgH «Vjshljs‘jgH S‘f¬
K• ngU WVPht ’JhlHVY QV…¢ i¢gî dljkj DƒgH D¬hkgH
.mlHVygH QVt Jr‘ pq‘j
 K¢U :d§t D¬hkgH chlj¥H dt h£VtH‘j F¥H‘gH V¢¢hulgH hl•
dt mPhsgH JhU‘q‘l dt h‰”Vhal K‘”¢g ¬¢¬¥ ‘qU G”
dt chlj¥BH dt V‘¬f‘ ’D¬hkghf irhPjgH ¬uf G‘®H chlj¥BH
WgOjgH Fhj” c‘Val L¢¬Œj vl ’igfr hl ‘• EghegH chlj¥BH
xHV¥î Kl ¬”¶j ÷i¢g¢ hl ‘• vfHVgH chlj¥BH dt KhsggH M¬ŒU Kl
Kl L¢¢ŒjgH" «¢ljlgH D¬hkgH mgsgs µlHVfg D¬hkgH xhqU• ¬P•
KU EPfgH"‘ ’"¬haV™H"‘ ’"R¬w Jh±Pg"‘ ’"«¢…PjgH G¥•
ngU TVaH ÷h‰¢‘ks Gr®H ngU M¬PH‘ MVl "D¬hkgg ¬¬¥ xhqU•
vr‘ ÷D¬hkgH S¢zV vl K‘hujghf m¢‘ks vfV m…wf D¬hkgH xH¬•
xh…¢jsH Kl ¬”¶j‘ xhqU®H c‘Val Ghl”jsH G¥s ngU
hl¬kU chlj¥BH S•VH ÷M«zh¥gH JhŒ¢f¨jg K¢g£ClgH xhqU®H
.h‰fzhY D¬hkgH S¢zV K‘”¢
K‘zag D¬hkgH S¢zV Fzhk .m¢‘qugH K‘zag D¬hkgH S¢zV Fzhk
.D¬hkghf meghegH m¥V¬gH Kl G‘zsl ‘£ m¢‘qugH
:d§t D¬hkgH chlj¥H œVhO h£VtH‘j F¥H‘gH V¢¢hulgH hl•
TH¬£• LU¬ .MVljslgH m¢‘qugH K¢‘”j ¬‘§¥‘ µlHVf MVH¬î
D¬hkgH xhqU• ¬¬U Kh” Hƒî‘ V§a G” ¬¢¬¥ ‘qU ‘• m¢‘qugH
20 ngî ¬¬ugH Gw¢ K• ngU WVPH ’H‰‘qU 20 KU GŒ¢
xhkf µlHVf LU¬ .K”ll Jr‘ FVr• dt ‘• LhugH m¢h§kf H‰‘qU
xHV¥î‘ m¢g‘¬gH «Vjshljs‘jgH mŒ¨kl‘ D¬hkgH m¢‘qU
Gr®H ngU K¢lsVgH D¬hkgH m¢‘qU µlHVf Kl K¢¥lhkVf
¬¬¥gH xhqU®H RhPjgH‘ T‘¢qgH V‘qP vfjj‘ mufhjl ÷h‰¢‘ks
ngî mufhjl MV”ƒl GhsVî .chlj¥bg xhqU®H V‘qP L¬U‘
G‘wPgH ÷xhqU®H v¢l¥g dl¢gujgH µlhkVfgH –Va ÷T‘¢qgH
.m¢‘qugH JhŒ¢f¨j vl¥‘ D¬hkghf RhPjgBhf L§kl ¬§uj ngU
G‘fr GhP dt‘ J¢‘wjgg D¬hkgH ngî JhŒ¢f¨jgH VhqPî
mk¢«O K¢l® h§zh¨Uî‘ L‘sVgH‘ JhŒPjslgH vl¥ ’xhqU®H
m¢VH¬™H mz¢§gH JhUhlj¥H V‘qP ÷L¢¬ŒjgH Jhfg¨ vl D¬hkgH
÷mŒ¨klgH Sg¥l JhUhlj¥H ngU J¢‘wjgH‘ V‘qP ÷D¬hkgg
h£hUV¢ djgH D¬hkgH dg‘zslg m¢f¢V¬jgH JHV‘¬gH V‘qP
JhUhlj¥H V‘qPg “g G¢¬f GhsVî m¢glU F¢jVj ÷ch¨ŒgH
.Fj”lgg m…¢gO ¬H¬Uî ÷V‘qPgH ngU H‰V¬hr K”j Lg Hƒî D¬hkgH
xhŒgî :d§t D¬hkgH chlj¥H dt h£VtH‘j F¥H‘gH V¢¢hulgH hl•
mrh¨f L§kl G” ©l¢ K• ngU WVPgH‘ T‘¢qgH ngU m¢PjgH
JblP LU¬ ÷m¢ghPgH m¢‘qugH K¶af V¢VŒj ¬H¬Uî ÷T¢qgH
D¬hkgH S¢zV vl GlugH ’¬¬¥gH xhqU®hf F¢PVjgH‘ m¢‘qugH
‘qU G” K• Khlqg m¢l¢gujgH K‘zagg D¬hkgH S¢zV Fzhk‘
J¢‘wjgH ¬uf G‘®H chlj¥BH dt m¢lsV m…wf GO¬¢ ¬¬¥
mfYVgH L£‘¬Pj Kll T‘¢qgH M¬Uhsl ÷D¬hkgH R¢V¨ KU i¢gU
E¬PjgH ÷m¢‘qugH ngU G‘wPgg L¢¬ŒjgH Fg¨ Ghl”jsH dt
Jh¥h¢jPBH ¬¢¬Pjg xbl«gH Kl xhqU®H vl ml±jkl m…wf
.h§j¢fgj F¥H‘gH
Khlq :d§t D¬hkgH chlj¥H dt h£VtH‘j F¥H‘gH V¢¢hulgH hl•
T‘¢qgH L¢¬Œj Khlq ÷¬¬PlgH Jr‘gH dt h§zh§kî‘ JhUhlj¥BH x¬f
E¬Pjgg I¬uf‘ chlj¥BH Gfr Jr‘gH Quf mPhjî ÷mshlP‘ M‘h…Pf
G” dt iqVU ‘•/‘ D¬hkgH ml§l Kh¢f MxHVr ÷T‘¢qgH vl
D¬hkgH I«VP• DƒgH L¬ŒjgH‘ «¢ljlgH D¬hkgH µlhkVf marhkl /chlj¥H
dt‘ «Vjshljs‘jgH dt xhqU®H JH«h¥kî ngU T‘r‘gH ÷i¢t
djgH "R¬wgH Jh±Pg" K¶af V¢VhŒj ¬H¬Uî ÷m¢wOagH L§jh¢P
.D¬hkgH h§ŒŒP¢
i¢¥‘jgH D¬hkgg RfhsgH S¢zVgH L¬Œ¢ .D¬hkgg RfhsgH S¢zVgH
S•V¢ hl” .izhqU•‘ D¬hkgH dg‘zslg ¬V‘l” Glu¢‘ ¬haV™H‘
LU¬¢‘ D¬hkgH –h¥k m¨O ¬H¬Uî dt ¬Uhs¢‘ ’p¢aVjgH mk¥g
.H‰«¢ljl h‰¢¬hk pfw¢ d” D¬hkgH ¬‘§¥
S¢zV Fzhk GlPj¢ .m¢l¢gujgH K‘zagg D¬hkgH S¢zV Fzhk
D¬hkgH JhUhlj¥B ¨¢¨OjgH m¢g‘zsl m¢l¢gujgH K‘zagg D¬hkgH
itH¬£• R¢ŒPjg mPkhs mwV…gH ‘qU G” ¬¥¢ Le Kl‘ mP¥hkgH
JhUhlj¥H S•Vj¢ ’D¬hkghf G‘zsl ngU• dkhe ¬u¢‘ .m¢l¢gujgH
V¢¢hulgH hl• .S¢zVgH Fh¢Y G± dt m¢VH¬™H mz¢§gH‘ D¬hkgH
:d§t D¬hkgH chlj¥H œVhO h£VtH‘j F¥H‘gH
m¢kl«gH G‘H¬¥gH Ghl”jsH ’D¬hkgH JhUhlj¥B ¨¢¨OjgH
Gr®H ngU v¢fhs• mebef chlj¥BH ¬ŒU Gfr Lh§lgH v¢«‘j‘
Gfr Lh¢• mufs ngî mslO Kl dkl« G‘¬¥ G” ¬¢”¶j‘
G‘wPgH .dl¢gujgH µlhkVfgH dt m”VhalgH v¢¥aj ÷chlj¥BH
GwH‘jlgH M«zh¥ R¢ŒPjf ¬¬¥gH xhqU®H Kl ¬§uj ngU
mlg”gH xhŒg™ “gƒ ¬¢¬Pj‘ Gr• ‘• ¬PH‘ LhU K‘qY dt K”ljlgH
G‘wPgg K¢k”ljlgH K¢gwH‘jlgH Kl ¬§uj ngU GwPH .h‰Uhfj
’¬PH‘ LhU K‘qY dt L¬ŒjlgH K”ljlgH GwH‘jlgH M«zh¥ ngU
GwH‘jlgH «zH‘¥ dlgjsl Kl ¬§uj ngU h‰q¢• GwPH‘
ngU GlugH dt L¬ŒjlgH K”ljlgH F¢¨OgH‘ L¬ŒjlgH K”ljlgH
GwPH .¬PH‘ LhU K‘qY dt m¢ghjgH M«zh¥gH ngU G‘wPgH
’K”ljlgH ¬zhŒgH M«zh¥ ngU G‘wPgg xhqU®H Kl ¬§uj ngU
ngU G‘wPghf K¢k”ljlgH M¬hŒgH Kl ¬§uj ngU “gƒ” GwPH‘
L¬ŒjgH vfjj .¬PH‘ LhU K‘qY dt L¬ŒjlgH K”ljlgH ¬zhŒgH M«zh¥
÷«zH‘¥gH Iƒ£ ngU G‘wPgH ‘Pk xhqU®H v¢l¥ I«VP• DƒgH
LhU K‘qY dt Vjshljs‘jgH µlhkVfg ¬¬¥gH xhqU®H i¥‘‘
÷¬aVl” ¬¢¬¥ ‘qU G” K¢U‘ ÷D¬hkghf L§rhPjgH ¬uf K¢Uhlj¥H
h§s•Vjg D¬hkgg m¢VH¬™H mz¢§gH JhUhlj¥H V‘qP ngU WVPH
JhUhlj¥H V‘qP ngU WVPjg‘ ÷h‰fzhY S¢zVgH K‘”¢ hl¬kU
GlugH chlj¥H dt D¬hkgH F‘¬kl Vh¢jOH ngU J‘w‘ Sg¥lgH
JHV‘¬gH VqPH‘ Gf ÷dg‘¬gH‘ dl¢gr™H K¢¢‘jslgH ngU
ngU WVPH ÷ch¨ŒgH h£hUV¢ djgH D¬hkgH dg‘zslg m¢f¢V¬jgH
chlj¥H V‘qP ngU H‰V¬hr K”j Lg Hƒî “g G¢¬f GhsV™ F¢jVjgH
.Fj”lgg m…¢gO ¬U• .D¬hkgH
K”ljlgH GwH‘jlgH 70
 Ghwjbg m¢‘qugH K‘zag D¬hkgH S¢zV Fzhk vl GlugH‘
RhPjgH Jhfg¨ L¢¬Œj ÷JhŒPjslgH H‘ut¬¢ Lg K¢ƒgH xhqU®hf
K‘qY dt ds¢zVgH «”VlgH ngî L§jhŒPjsl‘ ¬¬¥gH xhqU®H
±h…jPBH ÷RPjsl LsV” V¢jH‘…gH vt¬ ÷LbjsBH Kl mUhs 48
m¢§…a‘ m¢fhj” m¢ghl V¢VhŒj L¢¬Œj ÷m¢ghlgH Jblhulgg Jb¥sf
15 ’G¢Vf• 15 ’V¢hk¢ 15 ’Vf‘j”• 15) m¢‘ks vfV m…wf
JhUhlj¥H V‘qP ÷h§¢t R¢r¬jgg D¬hkgH JhfhsP L¢¬Œj ÷(‘¢g‘¢
H‰V¬hr K”j Lg hl “kh”l G¢¬f GhsV™ F¢jVjgH ÷m¢VH¬™H mz¢§gH
.Fj”lgg m…¢gO ¬H¬Uî ÷chlj¥BH V‘qP ngU
:d§t D¬hkgH chlj¥H dt h£VtH‘j F¥H‘gH V¢¢hulgH hl•
÷L§jhŒPjsl‘ Mht‘jslgH ¬¬¥gH xhqU®H RhPjgH Jhfg¨ LbjsH
÷L‘sVgH m¢kf –Va‘ L‘sVgH vt¬ RhŒPjsH Jr‘ KU KbU™H
.T‘¢qgH‘ xhqU®H ngU m¢PjgH xhŒgî
Kl G‘zsl ‘£ D¬hkgH LsHVl K¢l• .D¬hkgH LsHVl K¢l•
œVhO h£VtH‘j F¥H‘gH V¢¢hulgH hl• .D¬hkghf mufhsgH m¥V¬gH
ngU ±h…PgH ÷chlj¥BH ¬hŒukH Kh”l ¬¢¬Pj :d§t D¬hkgH chlj¥H
Khlqg chlj¥H G” ¬uf RŒPjgH‘ GlU F¢jVj dt D¬hkgH JH¬ul
÷m¢VH¬™H mz¢§gH JhUhlj¥H V‘qP ÷mfshklgH JH¬H¬l™H mPhjî
h£hUV¢ djgH D¬hkgH dg‘zslg m¢f¢V¬jgH JHV‘¬gH V‘qP
L«g njl M¬UhslgH L¢¬Œjg Kh”l G¢¬f GhsV™ F¢jVjgH ÷ch¨ŒgH
.Fj”lgg m…¢gO ¬H¬Uî ÷Vl®H
:d§t D¬hkgH chlj¥H dt h£VtH‘j F¥H‘gH V¢¢hulgH hl•
÷Gr®H ngU Rzhr¬ 10 ‘Pkf chlj¥BH x¬f Gfr mUhŒgH F¢jVj
’VhuagH QVU‘ FshklgH Kh”lgH dt mwklgH ¬‘¥‘ Kl ¬”¶jgH
¬H¬l™H G¢g¬‘ «zH‘¥gH‘ ’cHVjrBH‘ L¢¢ŒjgH œƒhlk v¢«‘j‘
vq‘‘ ÷m¢l¢gujgH ¬H‘lgH QVU‘ ’«VPlgH L¬ŒjgH ¨¨Ol‘
xhŒgî ÷xhls®H JHVha mPhjî‘ FshklgH F¢jVjgH dt Jhrh¨fgH
T‘¢qgH S‘g¥g F¢jVjgH‘ T‘¢qgH‘ xhqU®H ngU m¢PjgH
mŒ¨klgH ±thPl ngU m¢PjgH xhŒgî ÷xhqU®H vl Fk¥ ngî h‰fk¥
ngî L§fhP¨wH‘ chlj¥bg K¢VzH«gH K¢VO·H K¢g‘zslgH‘
JhUhlj¥H dt Lhu¨gH Jhl¬O L¢¬Œjg F¢jVjgH ÷D¬hkgH S¢zV
vl¥ ÷¬¬PlgH ¬U‘lgH dt chlj¥BH x¬f Khlq ÷Jhf¥‘gH
.«zH‘¥ghf mwhOgH JH‘w®H‘ JhUHVjrBH
71 K”ljlgH GwH‘jlgH
D¬hkgH S¢zV Fzhk .mlhugH Jhrbugg D¬hkgH S¢zV Fzhk
.D¬hkghf mufHVgH m¥V¬gH Kl G‘zsl ‘£ mlhugH Jhrbugg
:d§t D¬hkgH chlj¥H œVhO h£VtH‘j F¥H‘gH V¢¢hulgH hl•
MVak v¢«‘j‘ VH¬wî ÷m¢gPlgH LbU™H Gzhs‘g D¬hkgH LU¬
÷m¢‘qugH µlHVf «¢«uj ÷h¢V§a MVl Gr®H ngU m¢VhfOî
EH¬P• V‘qP ÷m¢VH¬™H mz¢§gH JhUhlj¥H V‘qP
dg‘zslg m¢f¢V¬jgH JHV‘¬gH V‘qP ÷NVO®H «Vjshljs‘jgH
“g G¢¬f GhsVî m¢glU F¢jVj ÷ch¨ŒgH h£hUV¢ djgH D¬hkgH
.Fj”lgg m…¢gO ¬H¬Uî ÷“gƒ “¢gU Vƒuj hl Hƒî chlj¥BH V‘qPg
:d§t D¬hkgH chlj¥H dt h£VtH‘j F¥H‘gH V¢¢hulgH hl•
ngU G‘wPgH Fg¨ ’m¢ghjgH µlHVfgH‘ EH¬P®H KU KbU™H
ngU m¢PjgH xhŒgî ÷m¢VhfO™H MVakgH VH¬wî G¥• Kl Jhl£hsl
.T‘¢qgH‘ xhqU®H
Kl G‘zsl ‘£ D¬hkgH Vs K¢l• .D¬hkgH Vs K¢l•
.mslhOgH m¥V¬gH
:d§t D¬hkgH chlj¥H œVhO h£VtH‘j F¥H‘gH V¢¢hulgH hl•
D¬hkgH mk¢«O K¢l• ngî h§l¢¬Œj‘ mŒ¢r¬ m¢‘qU mlzhr ¬H¬Uî
D¬hkgH dg‘zslf mlzhr GhsVî ÷mŒPjslgH L‘sVgH vl h§l¢¬Œjg
÷JhfhOjkBH ¬uf Lh¢• 10 K‘qY dt ds¢zVgH «”VlgH ngî
÷D¬hkgH Jh…gl ngU ±h…PgH ÷mlhugH D¬hkgH JbsHVl dt V±kgH
m¢gOH¬gH ik¢kH‘r‘ IV‘js¬‘ ’D¬hkgH Rhe¢l “gƒ dt hlf
V‘qP ÷JbsHVlgH‘ Jh¢‘sjgH‘ JhUhlj¥BH VqhPl‘
m¢f¢V¬jgH JHV‘¬gH V‘qP ÷D¬hkgg m¢VH¬™H mz¢§gH JhUhlj¥H
‘qU GhsV™ F¢jVjgH ÷ch¨ŒgH h£hUV¢ djgH D¬hkgH dg‘zslg
¬H¬Uî ÷JhUhlj¥BH V‘qP ngU H‰V¬hr K”j Lg Hƒî “kh”l
.Fj”lgg m…¢gO
:d§t D¬hkgH chlj¥H dt h£VtH‘j F¥H‘gH V¢¢hulgH hl•
ngU m¢PjgH xhŒgî ÷h§jxHVr‘ JhUhlj¥BH VqhPl G¢¥sj
.T‘¢qgH‘ xhqU®H
m¥V¬gH Kl G‘zsl ‘£ D¬hkgH mk¢«O K¢l• .D¬hkgH mk¢«O K¢l•
.D¬hkghf ms¬hsgH
:d§t D¬hkgH chlj¥H œVhO h£VtH‘j F¥H‘gH V¢¢hulgH hl•
dt m¢‘qugH‘ m¢VH¬™H mz¢§gH Gfr Kl h£¬hljUB m¢kH«¢l ¬H¬Uî
mrh¨ff TVwlgH ¬¢‘«j ÷FwklgH Gya Kl ¬PH‘ V§a K‘qY
Jhkh¢f GhsVî‘ ¬H¬Uî ÷V¢hk¢ 1/‘¢g‘¢ 1 G‘gPf M¬¢¬¥ v¢r‘j
JhŒPjslgH vl¥ ÷V¢HVft 15 / S¨sY• 15 G‘gPf JhŒPjslgH
’G¢Vf• 1‘ Vf‘j”• 1 G‘gPf ds¢zVgH «”VlgH ngî h§ghsVî‘
 L”g‘hkjl dt NVO• JhP¢lgj‘ m¢fwugH ngU FgyjgH m¢…¢”
ngî mŒef dalj “k• G¢Oj .mf¨OgH dŒgj “k¶”‘ G¢Oj -5
“k• G¢Oj .L§Œ¢…wj‘ V‘§l¥gH Thj£ ¨s‘ mwklgH
.Jhfe‘ –‘q‘f ’KhkV v…jVl J‘wf ’“jlg” nŒgj
“jf¨O xh§kî vl K‘gg§¢‘ K‘Œ…w¢ V‘§l¥gH K• G¢Oj
’p¥hk F¢¨O” “s…k G¢Ojj hl¬kU .“¬uŒl ngî M¬‘ugH‘
.–h¥kgH RŒPjs h‰ljP
V‘§l¥gH nklj¢ hl M¬hU .–h¥kgH “g nkljj ShkgH K• G¢Oj -6
ml¢ŒgH Jhl‘gulgH‘ MVhe™H‘ chjl™H L§g xhf¨OgH RŒP¢ K•
ng¥j¢‘ .Ga…gH S¢g‘ –h¥kgH “g K‘klj¢ L§t .myghfgH mujlgH‘
hl hl‰zH¬ E¢P ’«Vjshljs‘jgH D¬hk dt mwhO m…wf Hƒ£
.hl‰UH¬‘ hl‰§…jl V‘§l¥gH K‘”¢
Lg Hƒït ’Jhr‘®H L±ul dt “j¢fwU V§±j B .Vƒjuj B -7
JV”ƒ Hƒî hl• .“gƒ ¬Vt D• ±Pb¢ Kg ’h§kU h‰z¢a V”ƒj
¬Œjuj djgH Jb”algH KU JVƒjUH ‘• h§kU xda D•
hl• .h§¢gî V‘§l¥gH IhfjkH J…gjst ’“jf¨O dt h£¬‘¥‘f
.xda D• K¢uljslgH ±Pb¢ Kgt ’“jlwf J±…jPH Hƒî
dabj¢ ¬r .¨¢s‘gH ngU S¢g‘ – mghsVgH ngU «”V -8
RzbŒgH Kuj “«¢”Vj JtVw hl Hƒî m¢fwughf ShsP™H
.V‘§l¥gH‘ mghsVgH ngî ij§¥‘‘ mghsVgH ‘Pk‘ mwhOgH
h§jHƒ mrh¨gH K‘”j ¬r .m¢fh¥¢î mrh¨ ngî m¢fwugH G‘P -9
.“g mfskghf MxhkfgH GlH‘ugH ¬P• Jb”algH Ffsj djgH
.¨hakgH‘ m¢‘¢PgH ngî h§g‘P‘ h§gyjsH
«Vjshljs‘jgH G¢g¬
ƒŒklgH
H¬‰¢uf "“t‘hOl" Kl WgOjj T¢”
VfklgH mf£V‘ –VslgH mf£V‘ mf¨OgH xhke• Vj‘jgH‘ m¢fwugH
G” i¥H‘j mg”al h§k”g‘ ’¬PH‘ xdag M¬¢¬U Jh¢lsl h§g”
xhŒgî Gfr m¢fwughf V‘uagH ¬u¢ ’Vl®H vrH‘ dt‘ .F¢¨O
djgH mf¨OgH m¢l£• N¬l “g pq‘¢ ik• ƒî ’h‰¢Pw H‰Vl• mf¨O
hl K”g‘ .Gl”®H i¥‘gH ngU h£ƒ¢…kjf Lj§j “gu¥¢ hll h§¢Œgjs
“f N¶kj ¬r h§kït ’h§jf”‘ m¢fwugH MVH¬î m¢…¢” TVuj K”j Lg
.‰xT”‘ ‰Bhut h‰f¢¨O K‘”j K• KU
Kl WgOjj K• h§f “k”l¢ djgH mŒ¢V¨gH dg¢ hl¢t
.H‰¬¢uf "“t‘hOl"
dŒgjs DƒgH Kh”lgH ngU TVuj .H¬‰¢¥ mUhŒgH ngU TVuj -1
G‘P G‘¥jj‘ HV‰ ”fl Gwj K• ngU WVPH .if ijlg”
’mwklgH ngU Tr .“jlg” h§¢t dŒgjs djgH mŒ¨klgH
JHVeClgH L¬Ojsjs Jk” Hƒî .K‘t‘V”¢lgH VfU E¬Pj‘
G‘P G‘¥j .h§lH¬OjsH ngU KVlj ’m¢ulsgH Gzhs‘gH‘
ngî Sg¥j E¢P Kl ¨OH .V‘§l¥gH Sg¥¢ E¢P mŒ¨klgH
.M‘U¬gH “¢gî i¥‘j hl¬kU Gu…js hl” ’mwklgH
m¢PjgH Rg• ’K”l• njl .if¨hOjs DƒgH V‘§l¥gH TVUH -2
.L§ul E¬Pj‘ L§g‘w‘ V‘t V‘§l¥gH‘ xhqU®H ngU
ikl Ve”• xhr¬w®H Kl mU‘l¥l ngî E¬PjgH G§sgH Kl
.xhfVygH Kl mU‘l¥l
m¢HV¬ ngU K”j Lg Hƒî .h§l¬Ojsjs djgH ¬H‘lgH TVUH -3
xhŒgî ngU KVlj .“j¢fwU ¬H¬«js ’h§l¬Ojsjs djgH ¬H‘lghf
.Vs¢‘ mg‘§sf h§l¢¬Œj K”l¢ njP H¬‰¢¥ h§u¥HV‘ “jlg”
msVhllf Vj‘jgH Kl T¢…OjgH “k”l¢ .mPHVgH Kl h¨‰ sr ƒO -4
S…kj .“V§± ¬¢¬lj vl h¢OVjsl Sg¥H .K¢VhljgH Quf
Vt«H Le ’KH‘e SlO ‘• vfV• M¬lg “s…k SfPH‘ x¨ff
Quff Lr ‘• .MVl 20 ngî 10 Kl “gƒ VV” .x¨ff
G‘P “¢UHVƒ ¬¢¬lj vl ’hl‰¢Œjsl Tr .m¢k¬fgH K¢VhljgH
10 “gƒ VV” .“¢l¬r vfhw• SlgH‘ KPkH Le .“s•V
KU H¬‰¢uf “¢UHVƒ ¬¬l .“¢l¬r K¢f H¬‰Uhfl Tr .JHVl
ngî v¥VH .Vhs¢gH ngî “Uƒ¥‘ “s•V V¬• Le ’“¢fkh¥
.JHVl 10 “gƒ VV” .K¢l¢gH ngî V¬jsH Le ’«”VlgH
Le ’hl§gl”¶f “¢k¢U‘ “lt pjtH ’i¥‘gH JbqU xhOV™
.JHVl SlO “gƒ VV” .Lh”Pïf hl§g…rH
K”ljlgH GwH‘jlgH 72
 MV”t JhU‘q‘lgH Iƒ£ ¬P• ¬g‘j ¬r €h‰”fjVl GH«j hl G£
:“¢¬g K¢jV”t ‘•
KbU™H
Fj”gH
m¢ulj¥lgH ml¬OgH
m¢lPgH
Lh±kgH
K¢VhljgH
JH¬hugH
Gh¨f®H
mlbsgH
RbO®H
¬UhŒjgH
m¢k‘¢«…gjgH µlHVfgH
ngU d…jOj‘ M¶¥t mf¨OgH Vh”t• ¶akj K• K”llgH Kl‘ Hƒ£
Lgr “j«‘Pf K‘”¢ K• ngU h‰l‘¬ WVPH .mUVsgH i¥‘ S…k
h§k‘¬ ’MV”t m¢• “jV‘hs hl Hƒî‘ .G‘lPl Vj‘¢fl” ‘• mrV‘‘
¬r F¢Vr hlU .¬uf hl¢t h§lH¬OjsH “g nksj¢g V‘…gH ngU
MVlgH dt h§k¢f Kl Vh¢jObg Vh”t®H Kl ¬¬U “¢¬g K‘”j¢
.mf¨OgH h§¢t dŒgjs djgH m¢ghjgH
djgH JhU‘q‘lgH KU EPfgH G‘P Jhl‘gulgH Kl ¬¢«lg
Gqt®H F¢¨OgH mgsgs µlhkVf V±kH ’h§k¶af E¬PjgH K”l¢
"hkg‘P L§u¢l¥" ‘• (274 LrV G¢g¬) "“U‘q‘l VjOH"
.(1616 LrV G¢g¬)
mPhsgH JhU‘q‘l
mUVsgH Kl ‘Pk ngU "E¬PjgH‘ V¢”…jgH" ngU MV¬ŒgH Kî
.–h¥kgH R¢ŒPj dt “¬Uhsj ¬r djgH ml§lgH JHVh§lgH Kl
chlj¥H Kl "mPhsgH JhU‘q‘l" Lsr V¢‘¨j Lj ¬Œt ’Hƒg‘
mwVt “g JhU‘q‘lgH Iƒ£ p¢jj E¢P .«Vjshljs‘jgH D¬hk
QVU m¢…¢” Lgujj E¢P ’mUVsf E¬PjgH‘ V¢”…jgH msVhllg
.¬H¬U™H Kl G¢gŒf ml±kl‘ mPqH‘ mŒ¢V¨f “Vh”t•
JhU‘q‘l x«¥ MVH¬ïf mPhsgH JhU‘q‘l Rskl vg¨q¢
JhU‘q‘lgH ¬P• Kgu¢ E¢P .D¬hkgH µlhkVf Kl mPhsgH
M¬PH‘ mŒ¢r¬g E¬Pjgg ’VO·H ‘gj H‰¬PH‘ ’xhqU®H Fgh¨¢‘
RsklgH “gƒ K¢u¢ ¬r ‘• .h‰¢gh¥jVH c‘q‘lgH G‘P K¢jŒ¢r¬ ‘•
.D¬Vt G”af JhU‘q‘lgH
Lsr xhke• E¬Pjgg h‰u¢l¥ L”¢gî M‘U¬gH i¥‘j
dg¢ hl¢t .D¬hkgH chlj¥H Kl mPhsgH JhU‘q‘l
¬H¬Uî dt “¬Uhsj ¬r djgH JhP¢lgjgH‘ pzhwkgH Quf
.m¢gh¥jVH mlg”
Jk” hl Hƒî Gqt• ‘Pk ngU mfh¥jsBH “k”l¢ .vgh¨ -1
TPwgH‘ Jb¥lgH •VrH .m¢Vh¥gH EH¬P®hf m¢HV¬ ngU
.m¢VhfO™H JHVakgg vljsH‘ m¢s¢zVgH
73 K”ljlgH GwH‘jlgH
‰blhU ¬uj djgH ’mŒegH “¢¨uj MVfOgH Kî .MVfOgH Fsj”H -10
xhf¨OgH L±ul K• “gƒ .mghu…gH mfh¨Ogg h‰¢V‘Pl
G” ¬uf Wrhkj¢ RgŒghf L§shsPî K• K‘¬¥¢ K¢z¬jflgH
.h§k‘Œg¢ mf¨O
mf¨OgH c‘q‘l JhPHVjrH
G‘¨• ig‘hkjjs DƒgH c‘q‘lgH dt V¢”…jgH dt h‰jr‘ dqjŒj G£
JhU‘q‘lt .S¶¢gg Lgsjsj B €h§s…k mf¨Ogg ¬H¬U™H Jr‘ Kl
ngU TVujgH ‘£ “¢gU hl G”‘ .Kh”l G” dt “g‘P mf¨OgH
.h§j¬£hal m¢…¢”
Jk• G£ €L§ju…kl i¢t K‘¬¥¢ ¬r K¢VO·H K• TVuj DƒgH hl
G£ €mwV‘fgH KU V¢e”gH TVuj G£ €K¢jhsfgH K‘zaf V¢fO
Hƒî €V…sgH Gh¥l dt MVfOf vjljj G£ €WhOgH “glU J•¬f
h§l¬Œj ¬r djgH ml‘gulgH ‘• mP¢wkgH hl ’“gƒ” Vl®H Kh”
Hƒî ’GhelgH G¢fs ngU €L§jPgwl dt Fw¢ ¬r hlf K¢uljslgg
KU E¬PjgH “k”l¢ ¬Œt ’V…sgH Gh¥l dt MVfOf vjljj Jk”
:VHVY ngU JhU‘q‘l
V…sgH mf¢ŒP L«P m¢…¢” 4
Gh…¨®H mfPwf V…sgH 4
V…sgH JhŒ…k V¢t‘j RV¨ 4
m¢U‘fs®H mg¨ugH xhqŒg m¢gPlgH K”hl®H 4
mfPwf K‘”j K• dyfk¢ djgH m¢g‘®H Jhthus™H JH‘¬• 4
Vthsl G”
mrVsgH Kl ms¢…kgH JhŒgujlgH m¢hlP m¢…¢” 4
djgH Vh”t®H Kl ¬¢¬ugH m¢wOagH JHVfOgH –V¨j ¬r‘ Hƒ£
“¥U«• h‰…r‘l J¬§a ‘• JVVl G£ .h§k¶af E¬PjgH K”l¢
J¬§a K‘”j hlfV ’GhelgH G¢fs ngU €“V¢”…j ngU ƒ‘PjsH‘
’E¬PgH Tw‘ “k”l¢ .Vhf”gH ‘• Gh…¨®H ¬P• if Lhr Gut D•
ml¢r JHƒ K‘”j igbO Kl mghsV L¢¬Œj Le ’ijV‘¨O G¢gPj‘
“fVhr• ¬P• mfhwî J…aj”H ¬r K‘”j ¬r .K¢uljslgg myghf
QVlgH Hƒ£ G‘P EPf ¬H¬Uî “k”l¢ ’H‰VOCl V¢¨O QVlf
Le Kl‘ Ve”•‘ Ve”• i¢gU TVujgH dt K¢uljslgH M¬Uhslg
JVVl K‘”j ¬r hlfV ‘• .L¢±U V¨O ngU H‘kh” Kî hl ¬¢¬Pj
Kh” hlfVgt .“jg¢Ol Kl dPlkj B mg‘…¨gH mgPVl dt mfV¥jf
“f “sl• K‘”¢ hlfV ‘• ’MV¢Œt MVs• Kl msHV¬ G¢l« “g
µlhkVf dt m”Vhalgg mwV…gH “¢¬g Jkh” ‘• KhPjlBH dt Ayj
Le Kl‘ JHVfOgH “gj Kl h§jlguj djgH S‘V¬gH hl .WhO
€h§j”Vhal K”l¢
m¢¥VhO V¬hwl Kl mf¨OgH Vh”t• xhŒjsH h‰q¢• “k”l¢
¬r hl” .JkVjk™H‘ K‘¢«…gjgH‘ TPwgH‘ Jb¥lgH‘ Fj”gh”
F¨gH‘ L‘gugH‘ mqh¢VgH‘ i¢tVjgH Gzhs‘‘ VhfO®H Kl G” L¬Œj
.h§kU E¬PjgH K”l¢ JhU‘q‘l m¢¬hwjrBH m¢lkjgH GlugH‘
V¢e”ghf JhŒ¢gujgH‘ xHVŒgH ¬¢Vf‘ pzhwkgH M¬lU• “¢Vej ’Gelghf
.Vh”r®H Kl
 K¶a “gƒ dt h§k¶a ¬H¬U™H Kl V¢e”gH L¢¬ŒjgH m¢glU Fg¨jj
marhklg h‰Œfsl F¢¨Oghf Ghwjbg œhjPj ¬r .mglh”gH mf¨OgH
“¢gU dyfk¢ .F¢¨OgH‘ mf¨OgH G‘P mgwgH JHƒ Jhl‘gulgH
¬H¬U™H V§±¢s .h§¢gU FV¬jgH‘ ml¬Œlgg WOgl GlU “gƒ ¬uf
.F¢¨OgH‘ V‘§l¥gH Kl b” V¢¬Œj “gƒ Ghk¢s‘ ’–‘q‘f ¬¢¥gH
ngU I¬H¬Uî Lj¢ Lg DƒgH L¢¬ŒjgH Kl GhelgH Hƒ£ dt V±kH
:p¢PwgH ‘PkgH
K¢lhU M¬lg Vjshljsj‘j Kh” ’µk¢s ik¢g ’hkf¢¨O
K‘zag D¬hkgH S¢zV Fzhk Fwkl Gya¢ h‰¢ghP ‘£‘
E¢¬Pf ik¢g ¬¢sgH hk¢¥a¢s mg¢ggH Iƒ£ dt‘ ’m¢‘qugH
’M¬hsgH‘ JH¬¢sgH ’FhfagH Kl JHVh¢sgH D¬zhr KU
.µk¢s ik¢g ¬¢sghf dul H‘fPV
.¬¢¥gH L¢¬ŒjgH Kl GhelgH Hƒ§f ikVhr Le
Lg DƒgH ’µk¢s ik¢g ¬¢sgH G¥k dŒg K¢lhU ƒkl
me¬hP dt iUVwl ’IVlU Kl VaU mufhsgH «‘h¥j¢
QVuj¢ ’ik¢g M¬¢sgH ml¬wgH JŒuw ¬r‘ ’m¢V‘Vl
dt L¬hwj me¬hPg K¢Œ£HVl K¢Œzhs mslO Kl ¬PH‘
Jhf”VlgH Jhl¬hwj ¬uj‘ ’M¬h¢ŒgH Kl G‘®H L§lhU
K¢f hl Kh¢j…gH Mht‘ xHV‘ ds¢zVgH FfsgH m¢VhOfgH
GbO‘ .L£VlU Kl K¢VaugH‘ VaU mslhOgH
vl ik¢g ¬¢sgH GlU ’ikfH Mht‘ ƒkl K¢¢qhlgH K¢lhugH
µlhkVf vq‘g m¢B‘ghf m¢VhOfgH Jhf”VlgH Lsr
Ve”• K¢kH‘r vq‘‘ mkl·H M¬h¢ŒgH G‘P K¢Œ£HVlgg
hkg” .K¢Œ£HVlgH Kl Jhf”VlgH dŒzhs ngU mlHVw
dt h§k‘lguj¢s ‘• M¬h¢ŒgH K‘lguj¢ Gh…¨• i¢¬g
L£¬Uhs" KH‘kuf ijf¨O dt .mgfŒlgH mg¢gŒgH LH‘U®H
hl ik¢g ¬¢sgH hkg K¢f¢s "mlbsf G‘w‘gH ngU
.M¬h¢ŒgH dt hkgh…¨• mlbs Khlqg igut hk¢gU dyfk¢
µk¢s ik¢g ¬¢sghf dul H‘fPV
«Vjshljs‘jgH mŒ¨kl F¢j” vgh¨ ’Jhl‘gulgH Kl ¬¢«lg
mgsgs µlhkVf‘ (111 LrV G¢g¬) "F¢¨OgH L¢¬Œj" m¢g‘¬gH
.(277 LrV G¢g¬) "ml¬Œl ¬H¬Uî" Gqt®H F¢¨OgH
F¢¨Ogg V”aghf L¬ŒjgH
h‰q¢• chlj¥bg Vjshljs‘j “j…wf “f ¨hklgH V‘¬gH Gla¢
.ijlg” xh§kî ¬kU F¢¨Ogg V”aghf i¥‘jgH ngU
V‘§l¥gH i¥‘j K• “¢gU dyfk¢ ’ijlg” F¢¨OgH d§k¢ hl¬kut
.mwklgH ngî “j¬‘U R¢V¨ dt R¢…wjgH ngî
¬¢¬Pjg m£Vf Tr‘j ’c‘q‘lgH QVU ¬kU .“Vh”t• FjV -2
’GhelgH G¢fs ngut .h§l¬Œjs djgH mfh¥´g m¢s¢zVgH m¨ŒkgH
¬¬P ’hl m¢qr G‘P “V±k m§¥‘ xh¨Uïf Jfg‘¨ hl Hƒî
.Ebe ‘• K¢j¥Pf h§lU¬H Le ’“V±k m§¥‘
mf¨OgH vl GhPgH ‘£ hl” hl‰hlj .“Vh”t• µskH -3
ml¬Œl ngU m¢gh¥jVBH mlg”gH D‘jPj ’hŒ‰fsl M¬ulgH
.mljhO‘ ¬s¥‘
“k• K‘¬Œju¢s V‘§l¥gH K• V”ƒj .“z‘¬£ ngU ±thP -4
.“gƒ V§±j Jk” hl Hƒî “s…k Kl ReH‘
«Vjshljs‘jgH mŒ¨klg mPhsgH JhU‘q‘l F¢j” L¬Œ¢
µlhkVf‘ (1315 LrV G¢g¬) "!m§¢¬fgH v¢Vs K”" ’m¢g‘¬gH
(273 LrV G¢g¬) "dgh¥jVBH E¬PjgH" Gqt®H F¢¨OgH mgsgs
.mPhsgH JhU‘q‘lg JhPHVjrBH Kl ¬¢«lgH
F¢¨O L¢¬Œj m¢…¢”
WVt J¬H« ’D¬hkgH dt “j”Vhal J¬H« hlg” ’m¢h§kgH dt
“f m¨‘klgH VH‘¬®H ¬P• Gug .chlj¥bg Vjshljs‘j” “glU
F¢¨O G” K• ƒî ’xhf¨OgH L¢¬Œj dt Geljj Vjshljs‘j “j…wf
L¢¬ŒjgH Jh¢glU Gqt• ¬Uhsj‘ .h§jfhPV‘ L¢¬ŒjgH M‘h…P RPjs¢
.hl§k¢f GwH‘jgH NV½U xhkf ngU V‘§l¥gH‘ F¢¨OgH
dt M¬PH‘ mŒ¢r¬ Kl Gr• m¨¢sf mlg” KU MVhfU L¢¬ŒjgH‘
h§g‘ .h§gl”¶f mf¨OgH VwhkU ngU D‘jPj Vjshljs‘jgH D¬hk
c‘q‘lgH m¢l£¶f L§¢U‘j‘ V‘§l¥gH IhfjkH Fƒj¥j ml¬Œl
m¢g£• Ffs‘ ’c‘q‘lgH Vh¢jOH Ffs pq‘¢ ’¬s¥ h§g‘ .dghjgH
mlxbl Ffs‘ V‘§l¥gg ijlxbl Ffs‘ ’h§j¥ghulg F¢¨OgH
x¬f F¢¨Ogg p¢jj ’mljhO h§g K• hl” .ijarhklg Jr‘gH Hƒ£
.dl¢¬ŒjgH iqVU
vl F¢¨OgH JHVfOf V‘§l¥gH L¢¬ŒjgH m¢glU VfOj K• ¬f B
V‘§l¥gH mghP ¬u½j K• dyfk¢‘ .ikU MVwjOl m¢tVul Mƒfk L¢¬Œj
Jh¢¬Pjghf mt‘…Pl ml§l d£‘ ’M¬¬PlgH mf¨OgH Iƒ§g m¢s…kgH
V‘§l¥gH mghP ngU «Vhf V¢¢yj D• “hk£ Kh” K• GhP dt
.RfhsgH E¢¬PgH Kl m¢s…kgH
djgH mf¨OgH L¢¬Œj L¬U ngU WVPH ’¨hŒkgH Iƒ£ m¢¨yj ¬kU
Lhlj£H c‘q‘lgH ngî JhP¢lgjgH V¢ej E¢P .F¢¨OgH h§¢Œg¢s
ik•‘ “jhur‘j KfH .F¢¨OgH V¢e¶j KU L§tHVwkH K‘¬ V‘§l¥gH
dt F¢¨OgH LsH ¬¬V .ij‘Vƒ Lhlj£BH »gf¢ hl¬kU “jl¬Œl
F¢¨OgH K¢f ¨fVgH V‘§l¥gH v¢¨js¢ njP ’K”l• hlg” L¢¬ŒjgH
dyfk¢ hl Gr .“gƒ dt Ghyj ‘• »ghfj bt ’Hƒ£ vl‘ .c‘q‘lgH‘
.“kh”l dt Sg¥H Le ’i¢gî MVha™H
K”ljlgH GwH‘jlgH 74
M«¥‘l m¨¢sf Jhlg”f “V¢¬Œj‘ “khkjlH D¬fj K• ngU WVPH
.IV±k m§¥‘ dt F¢¨OgH vl R…jj Lg Kî‘ njP ’mwgOl‘ m…¢¨g‘
GPj .“s…kf mf¨O L¢¬Œj ‘• mwhOgH “V±k m§¥‘ L¢¬Œj nahPj
.F¢¨OgH ngU “«¢”Vj G¥ Fw‘ T¨ggH‘ msh¢”ghf
75 K”ljlgH GwH‘jlgH
mghw®hf F¢¨Ogg “khkjlH‘ “V¢¬Œj WghO KU VfU ’“gƒ ¬uf
FŒuj hlfV ’JfYV hl Hƒî‘ .V‘§l¥gH KU mfh¢kghf‘ “s…k KU
G¢fs ngU .h§jlxbl N¬l ‘• mf¨OgH FkH‘¥ Quf ngU
KhŒ£HVl dŒg dqhlgH c‘fs®H dt" ’G‘Œj K• “k”l¢ ’GhelgH
’H‰V”a .MVh¢s L¬hwj me¬hP dt hl§UVwl hkjk¢¬l xhkf• Kl
Iƒ£ c‘r‘ dtbjg igu…k K• K”l¢ hlf hkg “VhfO™ ’ik¢g ¬¢sgH
."mgjhŒgH m¢‘s¶lgH E¬H‘PgH
‫ﻣﻨﻈﻤﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﻮﺳﺘﻤﺎﺳﺘﺮﺯ‬
‫®‬
‫ﺍﻟﺪﻭﻟﻴﺔ‬
‫ﺳﻠﺴﻠﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﻮﺍﺻﻞ ﺍﻟﻤﺘﻘﺪﻡ ﻟﻤﻮﺍﻗﻒ ﺍﻟﺘﺤﺪﺙ ﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﻗﺪ ﺗﺘﻌﺮﺽ ﻟﻬﺎ ﺧﺎﺭﺝ ﻧﺎﺩﻱ ﺗﻮﺳﺘﻤﺎﺳﺘﺮﺯ‪ .‬ﻛﻞ ﻣﻦ ﻛﺘﺐ ﺍﻟﻤﺸﺮﻭﻋﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺨﻤﺴﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ ﻳﻤﻜﻦ ﺍﺳﺘﺨﺪﺍﻣﻬﺎ ﻣﻊ ﺟﺎﺋﺰﺓ ﺍﻟﻤﺘﻮﺍﺻﻞ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻤﺘﻘﺪﻡ ﺍﻟﺒﺮﻭﻧﺰﻳﺔ ﻭﺟﺎﺋﺰﺓ ﺍﻟﻤﺘﻮﺍﺻﻞ ﺍﻟﻤﺘﻘﺪﻡ ﺍﻟﻔﻀﻴﺔ ﻭﺟﺎﺋﺰﺓ ﺍﻟﻤﺘﻘﺪﻡ ﺍﻟﻤﺘﻮﺍﺻﻞ ﺍﻟﺬﻫﺒﻴﺔ‪.‬‬
‫ﺍﻟﻌﺮﻭﺽ ﺍﻟﺘﻘﺪﻳﻤﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻔﻨﻴﺔ )ﺩﻟﻴﻞ ﺭﻗﻢ ‪٢٢٦‬ﺡ(‬
‫ﺇﻥ ﺃﻛﺜﺮ ﺧﻤﺴﺔ ﻣﻬﺎﻡ ﻣﺤﻔﻮﻓﺔ ﺑﺎﻟﺘﺤﺪﻳﺎﺕ ﻟﻠﺨﻄﺒﺔ ﻭﺭﺩﺕ ﻓﻲ ﻫﺬﺍ ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺎﺏ ﻫﻲ ﺍﻟﺘﻘﺮﻳﺮ ﺍﻟﻔﻨﻲ ﺍﻟﻤﻮﺟﺰ‬
‫ﻭﺍﻟﻌﺮﺽ ﻭﺍﻟﺠﻤﻬﻮﺭ ﻏﻴﺮ ﺍﻟﻔﻨﻴﻴﻦ ﻭﺗﻘﺪﻳﻢ ﺑﺤﺚ ﻓﻨﻲ ﻭﺍﻟﻌﺮﺽ ﺍﻟﺘﻘﺪﻳﻤﻲ ﺍﻟﻔﻨﻲ ﻟﻠﻔﺮﻳﻖ‪ .‬ﺣﻴﺚ ﺗﺘﻜﻮﻥ‬
‫ﺗﻠﻚ ﺍﻟﻤﻬﺎﻡ ﻣﻦ ﻣﻬﺎﻡ ﻣﻦ ﺷﺄﻧﻬﺎ ﺗﻘﺪﻳﻢ ﺧﺒﺮﺍﺕ ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺔ ﻟﻠﺨﻄﺎﺑﺔ ﻟﻤﻦ ﻳﻨﺸﺪﻭﻥ ﺍﻟﻮﻇﺎﺋﻒ ﺍﻟﻔﻨﻴﺔ‪.‬‬
‫ﺍﻟﺨﻄﺎﺑﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﻘﻨﻌﺔ )ﺩﻟﻴﻞ ﺭﻗﻢ ‪(٢٢٦١‬‬
‫ﺃﻣﺮﺍ ﻫﺎﻣﺎ‪.‬‬
‫ﺗﻌﺘﺒﺮ ﺍﻟﻘﺪﺭﺓ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺘﺄﺛﻴﺮ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻵﺧﺮﻳﻦ ﻭﺇﻗﻨﺎﻋﻬﻢ ﺑﻘﺒﻮﻝ ﺃﻓﻜﺎﺭﻙ ﺃﻭ ﻣﻨﺘﺠﺎﺗﻚ ﺃﻭ ﺧﺪﻣﺎﺗﻚ ً‬
‫ﻭﻗﺪ ﺃﻋﺪﺕ ﻣﺸﺎﺭﻳﻊ ﻣﻨﺪﻭﺏ ﺍﻟﻤﺒﻴﻌﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻔﻌﺎﻝ‪ ،‬ﺍﻟﺘﻐﻠﺐ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻤﻜﺎﻟﻤﺔ ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺭﺩﺓ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻟﻌﺮﺽ ﺍﻟﺮﺍﺑﺢ‬
‫ﻭﻣﻌﺎﻟﺠﺔ ﺍﻻﻋﺘﺮﺍﺽ ﻭﺍﻟﻘﺎﺋﺪ ﺍﻟﻤﻘﻨﻊ ﺟﻤﻴﻌﻬﺎ ﻟﻤﺴﺎﻋﺪﺗﻚ ﻓﻲ ﺗﻄﻮﻳﺮ ﺃﺳﺎﻟﻴﺐ ﺇﻗﻨﺎﻋﻴﺔ ﻣﺘﻤﻴﺰﺓ ﻭﺗﻮﺳﻴﻊ‬
‫ﻧﻄﺎﻕ ﻣﻬﺎﺭﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺽ ﺍﻟﺘﻘﺪﻳﻤﻲ ﺧﺎﺻﻲ‪.‬‬
‫ﺍﻟﺘﻮﺍﺻﻞ ﻋﺒﺮ ﺍﻟﺘﻠﻔﺰﻳﻮﻥ )ﺩﻟﻴﻞ ﺭﻗﻢ ‪(٢٢٦١‬‬
‫ﻣﻊ ﺍﻟﺰﻳﺎﺩﺓ ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺘﻤﺮﺓ ﻓﻲ ﻋﺪﺩ ﺷﺒﻜﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﻠﻔﺰﻳﻮﻥ ﻭﺗﻨﻮﻋﻬﺎ‪ ،‬ﺗﺰﺩﺍﺩ ﻓﺮﺹ ﺍﻟﺘﻮﺍﺻﻞ ﻋﺒﺮ ﺍﻟﺘﻠﻔﺰﻳﻮﻥ‬
‫ﺗﺒﺎﻋﺎ‪ .‬ﻛﻦ ﻣﺴﺘﻌ ًﺪﺍ ﻻﻧﺘﻬﺎﺯ ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﻟﻔﺮﺹ ﻋﻦ ﻃﺮﻳﻖ ﺍﺳﺘﻴﻌﺎﺏ ﺍﻟﻤﺸﺎﺭﻳﻊ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ‪ :‬ﺍﻟﺤﺪﻳﺚ ﺍﻟﻤﺒﺎﺷﺮ‬
‫ً‬
‫ﺍﻟﺼﺮﻳﺢ‪ ،‬ﻭﻋﺮﺽ ﺍﻟﺤﺪﻳﺚ‪ ،‬ﻭﻋﻨﺪﻣﺎ ﺗﻜﻮﻥ ﺃﻧﺖ ﺍﻟﻤﻀﻴﻒ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻟﻤﺆﺗﻤﺮ ﺍﻟﺼﺤﻔﻲ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻟﺘﺪﺭﻳﺐ‬
‫ﻋﺒﺮ ﺍﻟﺘﻠﻔﺰﻳﻮﻥ‪.‬‬
‫ﺳﺮﺩ ﺍﻟﻘﺼﺺ )ﺩﻟﻴﻞ ﺭﻗﻢ ‪٢٢٦‬ﻙ(‬
‫ﻻ ﺷﻚ ﺃﻥ ﺍﻟﺠﻤﻴﻊ ﻳﺤﺒﻮﻥ ﺍﻟﻘﺼﺺ ﺍﻟﺠﻴﺪﺓ! ﻭﺗﺸﻤﻞ ﺍﻟﻤﺸﺎﺭﻳﻊ ﻓﻲ ﻫﺬﺍ ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺎﺏ ﺍﻟﻘﺼﺔ ﺍﻟﺸﻌﺒﻴﺔ‪،‬‬
‫ﻭﺩﻋﻨﺎ ﻧﺘﻤﺘﻊ ﺑﺎﻟﺸﺨﺼﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻟﻌﺒﺮﺓ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻘﺼﺔ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻟﻘﺼﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﺆﺛﺮﺓ ﻭﺗﻄﺒﻴﻖ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﺭﻳﺦ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻮﺍﻗﻊ‬
‫ﻭﻗﺪ ﺻﻤﻤﺖ ﺟﻤﻴﻌﻬﺎ ﻟﻤﺴﺎﻋﺪﺗﻚ ﻓﻲ ﺗﻄﻮﻳﺮ ﻣﻬﺎﺭﺍﺕ ﺳﺮﺩ ﺍﻟﻘﺼﺺ ﻭﺍﻟﺤﻜﺎﻳﺎﺕ‪.‬‬
‫ﺍﻟﻘﺮﺍءﺓ ﺍﻟﺘﻔﺴﻴﺮﻳﺔ )ﺩﻟﻴﻞ ﺭﻗﻢ ‪٢٢٦‬ﻝ(‬
‫ﺗﻌﻤﻞ ﺍﻟﻘﺮﺍءﺓ ﺍﻟﺘﻔﺴﻴﺮﻳﺔ ﺍﻟﻔﻌﺎﻟﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗﺸﺠﻴﻊ ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺘﻤﻌﻴﻦ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺇﻋﺎﺩﺓ ﺇﻧﺸﺎء‪ ،‬ﻓﻲ ﺃﺫﻫﺎﻧﻬﻢ ﺍﻟﺨﺎﺻﺔ‪،‬‬
‫ﺍﻟﺨﺼﺎﺋﺺ ﻭﺍﻟﻤﻮﻗﻒ ﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﺗﻘﺪﻣﻬﺎ ﺃﺛﻨﺎء ﺍﻟﻘﺮﺍءﺓ‪ .‬ﻭﻫﻨﺎﻙ ﺧﻤﺴﺔ ﻣﺸﺎﺭﻳﻊ ـ ﻗﺮﺍءﺓ ﻗﺼﺔ‪ ،‬ﻭﺗﻔﺴﻴﺮ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺸﻌﺮ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻟﺪﺭﺍﻣﺎ ﺍﻷﺣﺎﺩﻳﺔ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻟﻤﺴﺮﺣﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﻜﻠﻤﺔ ﺍﻟﺨﻄﺎﺑﻴﺔ ـ ﻣﻦ ﺷﺄﻧﻬﺎ ﻣﺴﺎﻋﺪﺗﻚ ﻓﻲ ﻭﺿﻊ‬
‫ﺧﻄﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺽ ﺍﻟﺘﻘﺪﻣﻲ ﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﻗﺪ ﻳﺸﻤﻞ ﺍﻟﺘﺨﻴﻼﺕ ﺍﻟﺨﺎﺻﺔ ﺑﺄﻋﻀﺎء ﺍﻟﺠﻤﻬﻮﺭ‪.‬‬
‫ﺍﻟﺘﻮﺍﺻﻞ ﻣﻊ ﺍﻵﺧﺮﻳﻦ )ﺩﻟﻴﻞ ﺭﻗﻢ ‪٢٢٦‬ﻡ(‬
‫ﻧﺘﻔﺎﻋﻞ ﻛﻞ ﻳﻮﻡ ﻣﻊ ﺍﻟﻌﺪﻳﺪ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻷﺷﺨﺎﺹ ﻋﺒﺮ ﻣﺠﻤﻮﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻤﻮﺍﻗﻒ‪ .‬ﻭﻓﻴﻤﺎ ﻳﻠﻲ ﺧﻤﺴﺔ ﻣﺸﺎﺭﻳﻊ‬
‫ﻣﻌﻨﻴﺔ ﺑﺬﻟﻚ‪ :‬ﺍﻟﺘﺤﺪﺙ ﺑﺴﻬﻮﻟﺔ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻟﻤﻔﺎﻭﺽ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﺟﺢ‪ ،‬ﻭﺗﺸﺘﻴﺖ ﺍﻟﻨﻘﺪ ﺍﻟﺸﻔﻬﻲ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻟﻤﺪﺭﺏ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻟﺘﻌﺒﻴﺮ‬
‫ﻋﻦ ﻧﻔﺴﻚ ﺑﻔﻌﺎﻟﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﻣﻦ ﺷﺄﻧﻬﺎ ﻣﺴﺎﻋﺪﺗﻚ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺠﻤﻊ ﺑﻴﻦ ﻣﻬﺎﺭﺍﺕ ﺟﺪﻳﺪﺓ ﻟﻼﺳﺘﻤﺎﻉ ﻭﺍﻟﺘﻔﻜﻴﺮ‬
‫ﻭﻣﻬﺎﺭﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﺨﻄﺎﺑﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﻮﺟﻮﺩﺓ ﺑﺎﻟﻔﻌﻞ‪.‬‬
‫ﺧﻄﺐ ﺍﻟﻤﻨﺎﺳﺒﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺨﺎﺻﺔ )ﺩﻟﻴﻞ ﺭﻗﻢ ‪٢٢٦‬ﻥ(‬
‫ﻓﻲ ﻳﻮﻡ ﻣﺎ‪ ،‬ﺃﻭ ﻓﻲ ﻭﻗﺖ ﻣﺎ ـ ﺃﺛﻨﺎء ﺣﻀﻮﺭﻙ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﺩﻱ ﺃﻭ ﺣﺪﺙ ﻋﺎﺋﻠﻲ ﺃﻭ ﺍﺟﺘﻤﺎﻉ ﻋﻤﻞ ـ ﺳﻴﺘﻮﻗﻊ‬
‫ﻣﻨﻚ ﺇﻟﻘﺎء ﺧﻄﺒﺔ ﺧﺎﺻﺔ‪ .‬ﻭﺳﻴﺴﺎﻋﺪﻙ ﻫﺬﺍ ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺎﺏ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻻﺳﺘﻌﺪﺍﺩ ﻟﻬﺬﻩ ﺍﻷﻭﻗﺎﺕ ﻋﻨﺪ ﺍﺳﺘﻴﻌﺎﺏ ﺍﻟﻨﺨﺐ‬
‫ﻭﺍﻟﺘﺤﺪﺙ ﺑﺎﻹﻃﺮﺍء ﻭﺍﻻﻟﺘﺤﺎﻕ ﺑﺎﻟﻤﺠﻤﻮﻋﺔ ﻭﺗﻘﺪﻳﻢ ﺟﺎﺋﺰﺓ ﺃﻭ ﻗﺒﻮﻝ ﺟﺎﺋﺰﺓ‪.‬‬
‫ﺍﻟﺨﻄﺎﺑﺔ ﻣﺘﺤﻠﻴًﺎ ﺑﺮﻭﺡ ﺍﻟﺪﻋﺎﺑﺔ )ﺩﻟﻴﻞ ﺭﻗﻢ ‪(٢٢٦٠‬‬
‫ﻳﺴﺘﻤﺘﻊ ﻣﻌﻈﻢ ﺍﻷﻓﺮﺍﺩ ﺑﺎﻻﺳﺘﻤﺎﻉ ﺇﻟﻰ ﺧﻄﺒﺎء ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻣﺔ ﻭﻗﺎﺩﺓ ﺍﻟﻨﺪﻭﺓ ﺍﻟﺬﻳﻦ ﻳﺴﺘﺨﺪﻣﻮﻥ ﻟﺮﻭﺡ ﺍﻟﺪﻋﺎﺑﺔ‬
‫ﻓﻲ ﻋﺮﻭﺿﻬﻢ‪ .‬ﺗﻘﺪﻡ ﺍﻟﻤﺸﺎﺭﻳﻊ ﺍﻟﺨﻤﺴﺔ ﺍﻟﻮﺍﺭﺩﺓ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺎﺏ ـ ﺯﻳﺎﺩﺓ ﺍﻟﺤﻤﻴﻤﺔ ﻣﻊ ﺍﻟﺠﻤﻬﻮﺭ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﺗﺮﻛﻬﻢ‬
‫ﻳﺒﺘﺴﻤﻮﻥ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﺟﻌﻠﻬﻢ ﻳﻀﺤﻜﻮﻥ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﺗﺮﻛﻬﻢ ﻳﻀﺤﻜﻮﻥ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻟﺨﻄﺒﺔ ﺍﻟﺪﻋﺎﺑﻴﺔ ـ ﺍﻟﺘﻤﺮﻳﻦ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﺳﺘﺨﺪﺍﻡ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺪﻋﺎﺑﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺨﻄﺐ ﻟﺠﺬﺏ ﺍﻫﺘﻤﺎﻡ ﺍﻟﺠﻤﻬﻮﺭ ﻭﺍﻟﺤﻔﺎﻅ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﻭﺟﻌﻞ ﺍﻷﻣﻮﺭ ﺃﻛﺜﺮ ﻓﻌﺎﻟﻴﺔ‪.‬‬
‫ﻟﻠﺘﻤﺘﻊ ﺑﺨﺪﻣﺔ ﺃﺳﺮﻉ‪ ،‬ﻳﻤﻜﻨﻚ ﺍﻟﺸﺮﺍء ﻋﺒﺮ ﺍﻻﻧﺘﺮﻧﺖ ﻣﻦ ﺧﻼﻝ ﺍﻟﻤﻮﻗﻊ ﺍﻹﻟﻜﺘﺮﻭﻧﻲ‪www.toastmasters.org/shop :‬‬
‫ﺳﻌﺮ ﻛﻞ ﻛﺘﺎﺏ ‪$٥‬‬
‫ﻣﺠﻤﻮﻋﺔ ﻛﺘﺐ ﺍﻟﺘﻮﺍﺻﻞ ﺍﻟﻤﺘﻘﺪﻡ )‪$٦٠٫٠٠ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (226Z‬‬
‫ﺗﺨﻀﻊ ﺃﺳﻌﺎﺭ ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺐ ﻟﻠﺘﻐﻴﻴﺮ ﺩﻭﻥ ﺇﺷﻌﺎﺭ ﺳﺎﺑﻖ‪ .‬ﻛﻤﺎ ﺃﻥ ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﻟﻤﻮﺍﺩ ﻏﻴﺮ ﻣﺘﻮﻓﺮﺓ ﺇﻻ ﻷﻋﻀﺎء ﻣﻨﻈﻤﺔ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺘﻮﺳﺘﻤﺎﺳﺘﺮﺯ ﺍﻟﺪﻭﻟﻴﺔ‪ .‬ﻳﻀﻴﻒ ﺍﻟﻤﻘﻴﻤﻴﻦ ﺑﻜﺎﻟﻴﻔﻮﺭﻧﻴﺎ ‪ ٪٨٫٧٥‬ﻛﻀﺮﻳﺒﺔ ﻣﺒﻴﻌﺎﺕ‪ .‬ﻟﺸﺮﺍء ﺃﻱ ﻣﻦ ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺐ‪،‬‬
‫ﺭﺟﺎء ﻗﻢ ﺑﺰﻳﺎﺭﺓ ﻣﺘﺠﺮﻧﺎ ﺍﻹﻟﻜﺘﺮﻭﻧﻲ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻤﻮﻗﻊ‪ www.toastmasters.org/shop :‬ﺃﻭ ﺍﺗﺼﻞ‬ ‫ً‬
‫ﺑﻤﻨﻈﻤﺔ ﺗﻮﺳﺘﻤﺎﺳﺘﺮﺯ ﺍﻟﺪﻭﻟﻴﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻬﺎﺗﻒ ﺭﻗﻢ‪.٩٤٩-٨٥٨-٨٢٥٥ :‬‬
‫•‬
‫ﺻﻨﺪﻭﻕ ﺑﺮﻳﺪ‪ ٩٠٥٢ :‬ﻣﻴﺴﻴﻮﻥ ﻓﻴﺠﻴﻮ‪ ،‬ﻛﺎﻟﻴﻔﻮﺭﻧﻴﺎ ‪ ٩٢٦٩٠‬ﺍﻟﻮﻻﻳﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻤﺘﺤﺪﺓ ﺍﻷﻣﺮﻳﻜﻴﺔ‬
‫ﺍﻻﺻﺪﺍﺭ ‪٢٠٠٩/٧‬‬
‫ﻛﺘﺐ ﺍﻟﺘﻮﺍﺻﻞ ﺍﻟﻤﺘﻘﺪﻣﺔ‬
‫ﺗﻬﻴﺌﻚ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺨﻄﻴﺐ ﺍﻟﻤﺴﻠﻲ )ﺩﻟﻴﻞ ﺭﻗﻢ ‪٢٢٦‬ﺃ(‬
‫ﻟﻄﺎﻟﻤﺎ ﻳﻨﺸﺪ ﺍﻷﻓﺮﺍﺩ ﺍﻟﻤﺘﻌﺔ‪ ،‬ﻭﻳﻘﺪﻡ ﺍﻟﺨﻄﻴﺐ ﺍﻟﻤﺴﻠﻲ ﻟﻤﺴﺘﻤﻌﻴﻪ ﻓﺮﺻﺔ ﺍﻻﻧﺤﺮﺍﻑ ﻋﻦ ﺍﻟﺤﻴﺎﺓ ﺍﻟﻤﻠﻴﺌﺔ‬
‫ﺑﺎﻟﻤﺸﻐﻮﻟﻴﺎﺕ ﻭﺍﻟﻤﺘﻄﻠﺒﺎﺕ‪ .‬ﻳﻘﺪﻡ ﻫﺬﺍ ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺎﺏ ﺧﻤﺴﺔ ﻣﺸﺎﺭﻳﻊ ـ ﺍﻟﺨﻄﺒﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﺴﻠﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﻭﻣﻮﺍﺭﺩ ﺍﻟﺘﺴﻠﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﻹﻣﺘﺎﻉ‪،‬‬
‫ﺍﺟﻌﻬﻠﻢ ﻳﻀﺤﻜﻮﻥ‪ ،‬ﺣﺪﻳﺚ ﻭﺧﻄﺎﺏ ﺩﺭﺍﻣﻲ ﺑﻌﺪ ﺍﻟﻌﺸﺎء ـ ﻣﻦ ﺷﺄﻧﻬﺎ ﻣﺴﺎﻋﺪﺗﻚ ﻓﻲ ﺗﻨﻤﻴﺔ ﻣﻬﺎﺭﺍﺗﻚ ﺍﻟﺨﺎﺻﺔ‪.‬‬
‫ﺍﻟﺘﺤﺪﺙ ﻣﻦ ﺃﺟﻞ ﺍﻹﻋﻼﻡ )ﺩﻟﻴﻞ ﺭﻗﻢ ‪٢٢٦‬ﺏ(‬
‫ﻫﻞ ﺗﺮﻳﺪ ﺗﻘﺪﻳﻢ ﺑﻌﺾ ﺍﻟﻤﻌﻠﻮﻣﺎﺕ ﺣﻮﻝ ﻣﻨﺘﺞ ﺟﺪﻳﺪ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻛﺘﺸﺎﻑ ﺟﺪﻳﺪ ﺃﻭ ﻃﺮﻕ ﺗﺤﺴﻴﻦ ﻧﻮﻋﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﺤﻴﺎﺓ؟‬
‫ﺳﺘﺘﻌﻠﻢ ﻛﻴﻔﻴﺔ ﺗﻮﺻﻴﻞ ﺃﻓﻜﺎﺭﻙ ﺑﻔﻌﺎﻟﻴﺔ ﺑﻌﺪ ﺍﺳﺘﻜﻤﺎﻝ ﺍﻟﻤﺸﺎﺭﻳﻊ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ‪ :‬ﺍﻟﺨﻄﺒﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺃﺟﻞ ﺍﻹﻋﻼﻡ‪ ،‬ﻣﻮﺍﺭﺩ‬
‫ﺍﻹﻋﻼﻡ‪ ،‬ﺣﺪﻳﺚ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺽ‪ ،‬ﺗﻘﺮﻳﺮ ﺗﻘﺼﻲ ﺍﻟﺤﻘﺎﺋﻖ ﺍﻟﻤﻔﻬﻮﻡ ﺍﻟﻤﺠﺮﺩ‪.‬‬
‫ﺍﻟﻌﻼﻗﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻣﺔ )ﺩﻟﻴﻞ ﺭﻗﻢ ‪٢٢٦‬ﺝ(‬
‫ﺳﻮﺍ ًء ﺃﻛﻨﺎ ﻧﻤﺜﻞ ﻣﺆﺳﺴﺔ ﻛﺒﻴﺮﺓ ﺃﻡ ﺃﻧﻔﺴﻨﺎ ﻓﺤﺴﺐ‪ ،‬ﻳﺸﺎﺭﻙ ﺟﻤﻴﻌﻨﺎ ﻓﻲ ﻋﻤﻞ ﺍﻟﻌﻼﻗﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻣﺔ‪ .‬ﺇﻥ ﺍﻟﻌﻤﻞ‬
‫ﻋﻠﻰ ﻣﺸﺎﺭﻳﻊ ﻣﺜﻞ ﺍﻟﺨﻄﺒﺔ ﺣﺴﻨﺔ ﺍﻟﻨﻴﺔ ﻭﻋﺮﺽ ﺍﻟﺤﺪﻳﺚ ﺍﻹﺫﺍﻋﻲ ﻭﺍﻷﺳﻠﻮﺏ ﺍﻟﻤﻘﻨﻊ ﻭﺧﻄﺒﺔ ﺗﺒﺪﻳﺪ ﺍﻟﻌﺪﺍﻭﺓ‬
‫ﻭﺇﺩﺍﺭﺓ ﺍﻷﺯﻣﺎﺕ ﻣﻦ ﺷﺄﻧﻬﺎ ﺗﻄﻮﻳﺮ ﺍﻟﺨﺒﺮﺍﺕ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻌﻼﻗﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻣﺔ ﻭﺩﻋﻤﻬﺎ‪.‬‬
‫ﻗﺎﺋﺪ ﺍﻟﻤﻨﺎﻗﺸﺔ )ﺩﻟﻴﻞ ﺭﻗﻢ ‪٢٢٦‬ﺩ(‬
‫ﺳﺘﺘﺤﺴﻦ ﻗﺪﺭﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﺨﻄﺎﺑﺔ ﻭﻣﻬﺎﺭﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺤﺪﺙ ﻟﺪﻳﻚ ﺑﻤﺠﺮﺩ ﻋﺮﺽ ﺣﻞ ﺍﻟﻨﺪﻭﺓ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻟﺮﺍﻭﻧﺪ ﺭﻭﺑﻦ‪،‬‬
‫ﻭﻗﻴﺎﺩﺓ ﺍﻟﻠﺠﻨﺔ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﺟﻌﻠﻬﺎ ﺗﻌﺒﺮ ﻋﻦ ﺍﻟﻮﺍﻗﻊ‪ ،‬ﻭﻗﺎﺋﺪ ﻭﺭﺷﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﻤﻞ‪.‬‬
‫ﺧﻄﺐ ﺍﻟﺨﺼﻮﺻﻴﺔ )ﺩﻟﻴﻞ ﺭﻗﻢ ‪٢٢٦‬ﻫـ(‬
‫ﺑﺎﻟﻨﺴﺒﺔ ﻟﻬﺬﻩ ﺍﻷﻭﻗﺎﺕ ﺣﻴﺜﻤﺎ ﺗﻄﺎﻟﺐ ﺑﺈﻟﻘﺎء ﻛﻠﻤﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﺘﺼﻔﻴﻖ‪ ،‬ﺃﻭ ﺭﻓﻊ ﺍﻟﺮﻭﺡ ﺍﻟﻤﻌﻨﻮﻳﺔ‪ ،‬ﺃﻭ ﺑﻴﻊ ﻣﻨﺘﺞ‪،‬‬
‫ﻋﺎﻝ ﺃﻭ ﺗﻘﺪﻳﻢ ﺍﻟﺨﻄﻴﺐ‪ ،‬ﺳﺘﺠﺪ ﺍﻟﺘﺪﺭﻳﺐ ﻣﻦ ﻫﺬﺍ ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺎﺏ ﻋﺪﻳﻢ ﺍﻟﻘﻴﻤﺔ!‬
‫ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﻘﺮﺍءﺓ ﺑﺼﻮﺕ ٍ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺨﻄﺐ ﺍﻹﺩﺍﺭﺓ )ﺩﻟﻴﻞ ‪٢٢٦‬ﻭ(‬
‫ﻣﺼﺪﺭﺍ ﺭﺋﻴﺴﻴًﺎ ﻣﻦ ﻣﺼﺎﺩﺭ ﻭﻗﻮﻉ ﺍﻟﻤﺸﻜﻼﺕ‬
‫ً‬ ‫ﺇﻥ ﺍﻻﻓﺘﻘﺎﺭ ﺇﻟﻰ ﺍﻟﺘﻮﺍﺻﻞ ﺍﻟﻔﻌﺎﻝ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻣﺴﺘﻮﻯ ﺍﻹﺩﺍﺭﺓ ﻳﻌﺪ‬
‫ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻌﻤﻞ ﻭﺍﻟﻤﻨﻈﻤﺎﺕ ﻓﻲ ﻳﻮﻣﻨﺎ ﻫﺬﺍ‪ .‬ﺑﻌﺪ ﺍﺳﺘﻜﻤﺎﻝ ﺍﻟﻨﺒﺬﺓ ﺍﻟﻤﻮﺟﺰﺓ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻟﺨﻄﺒﺔ ﺍﻟﻔﻨﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻹﺩﺍﺭﺓ ﻭﺍﻟﺘﺤﻔﻴﺰ‪،‬‬
‫ﻭﺗﻘﺮﻳﺮ ﺍﻟﺤﺎﻟﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﻤﻮﺍﺟﻬﺔ‪:‬‬
‫ﺍﻟﻌﻼﻗﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﺪﻭﺍﻧﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﺳﺘﻜﻮﻥ ﻗﺪ ﺗﺤﻠﻴﺖ ﺑﻘﺪﺭﺍﺕ ﺃﻓﻀﻞ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗﺸﺠﻴﻊ ﺍﻵﺧﺮﻳﻦ ﻭﺍﻟﺘﺄﺛﻴﺮ ﻓﻴﻬﻢ‪.‬‬
‫ﺍﻟﺨﻄﻴﺐ ﺍﻟﻤﺤﺘﺮﻑ )ﺩﻟﻴﻞ ﺭﻗﻢ ‪٢٢٦‬ﻱ(‬
‫ﺍﻟﻤﻮﻫﺒﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﻌﻤﻞ ﺍﻟﺠﺎﺩ ﻭﺍﻟﻤﻤﺎﺭﺳﺔ ﻫﻲ ﺍﻟﺴﻤﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺮﺋﻴﺴﻴﺔ ﻟﻠﺨﻄﻴﺐ ﺍﻟﻤﺤﺘﺮﻑ ﻭﺍﻟﻤﺸﺎﺭﻳﻊ ﺍﻟﺨﻤﺴﺔ ﺍﻟﻮﺍﺭﺩﺓ‬
‫ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺪﻟﻴﻞ ـ ﻭﺍﻟﺨﻄﺎﺏ ﺍﻟﺮﺋﻴﺲ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻟﺘﺤﺪﺙ ﺑﻐﺮﺽ ﺍﻹﻣﺘﺎﻉ‪ ،‬ﻭﺧﻄﺒﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﺪﺭﻳﺐ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻤﺒﻴﻌﺎﺕ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻟﻨﺪﻭﺓ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻤﻬﻨﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﺨﻄﺒﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﺤﻔﻴﺰﻳﺔ ـ ﺗﻘﺪﻡ ﺟﻤﻴﻌﻬﺎ ﺍﻟﻤﻤﺎﺭﺳﺎﺕ ﻭﺍﻟﺒﺼﻴﺮﺓ ﺍﻟﻼﺯﻣﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻟﻢ ﺍﻟﺘﻨﺎﻓﺴﻲ‬
‫ﻟﻠﺨﻄﺎﺑﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﺤﺘﺮﻓﺔ‪.‬‬
‫ﺍﻟﻌﺮﻭﺽ ﺍﻟﺘﻘﺪﻳﻤﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻔﻨﻴﺔ )ﺩﻟﻴﻞ ﺭﻗﻢ ‪٢٢٦‬ﺡ(‬
‫ﺇﻥ ﺃﻛﺜﺮ ﺧﻤﺴﺔ ﻣﻬﺎﻡ ﻣﺤﻔﻮﻓﺔ ﺑﺎﻟﺘﺤﺪﻳﺎﺕ ﻟﻠﺨﻄﺒﺔ ﻭﺭﺩﺕ ﻓﻲ ﻫﺬﺍ ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺎﺏ ﻫﻲ ﺍﻟﺘﻘﺮﻳﺮ ﺍﻟﻔﻨﻲ ﺍﻟﻤﻮﺟﺰ‬
‫ﻭﺍﻟﻌﺮﺽ ﻭﺍﻟﺠﻤﻬﻮﺭ ﻏﻴﺮ ﺍﻟﻔﻨﻴﻴﻦ ﻭﺗﻘﺪﻳﻢ ﺑﺤﺚ ﻓﻨﻲ ﻭﺍﻟﻌﺮﺽ ﺍﻟﺘﻘﺪﻳﻤﻲ ﺍﻟﻔﻨﻲ ﻟﻠﻔﺮﻳﻖ‪ .‬ﺣﻴﺚ ﺗﺘﻜﻮﻥ‬
‫ﺗﻠﻚ ﺍﻟﻤﻬﺎﻡ ﻣﻦ ﻣﻬﺎﻡ ﻣﻦ ﺷﺄﻧﻬﺎ ﺗﻘﺪﻳﻢ ﺧﺒﺮﺍﺕ ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺔ ﻟﻠﺨﻄﺎﺑﺔ ﻟﻤﻦ ﻳﻨﺸﺪﻭﻥ ﺍﻟﻮﻇﺎﺋﻒ ﺍﻟﻔﻨﻴﺔ‪.‬‬
‫ﺍﻟﺠﺪﺍﻭﻝ‬
‫ﺟﺪﻭﻝ ﺗﺤﻘﻴﻖ ﺍﻟﺘﻮﺍﺻﻞ ﺍﻟﻤﺘﻤﻜﻦ )‪$٢٫٥٠ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (٣٠٧‬‬
‫ﺟﺪﻭﻝ ﺍﻟﻮﺻﻮﻝ ﺇﻟﻰ ﺍﻟﻘﻴﺎﺩﺓ ﺍﻟﻤﺘﻤﻜﻨﺔ )‪$٢٫٥٠ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (٣٠٨‬‬
‫ﺟﺪﻭﻝ ﺗﺤﻘﻴﻖ ﺍﻟﺘﻮﺍﺻﻞ ﺍﻟﻤﺘﻘﺪﻡ )‪$٢٫٥٠ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (٣٠٩‬‬
‫‪ BEST‬ﻣﺠﻤﻮﻋﺔ ﺍﻟﻮﺳﺎﺋﻞ ﺍﻟﺘﻌﻠﻴﻤﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﺣﺪﺓ ﻣﻦ ﻛﻞ ﻣﻦ‬
‫!‪ ٣٠٧ VALUE‬ﻭ‪ ٣٠٨‬ﻭ‪$٦٫٠٠ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (٣٠٦) ٣٠٩‬‬
‫ﻣﻨﻈﻤﺔ ﺗﻮﺳﺘﻤﺎﺳﺘﺮﺯ ﺍﻟﺪﻭﻟﻴﺔ‬
‫‪٢٠٩‬‬
‫‪K”ljlgH GwH‘jlgH‬‬ ‫‪76‬‬
 ‫ﻣﻨﻈﻤﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﻮﺳﺘﻤﺎﺳﺘﺮﺯ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻘﺪﻡ ﺑﻄﻠﺐ ﺍﻟﺤﺼﻮﻝ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺟﺎﺋﺰﺓ‬
‫®‬
‫ﺍﻟﺪﻭﻟﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺘﻮﺍﺻﻞ ﺍﻟﻤﺘﻤﻜﻦ‬
‫ﻟﺘﻘﺪﻳﻢ ﺍﻟﻄﻠﺒﺎﺕ‪:‬‬
‫ً‬
‫ﻣﺆﻫﻼ ﻟﻠﺤﺼﻮﻝ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺠﺎﺋﺰﺓ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻤًﺎ ﺑﺄﻧﻪ ﻳﻨﺒﻐﻲ ﺃﻥ ﺗﻜﻮﻥ ﻋﻀﻮًﺍ ﺣﺎﻟﻴًﺎ ﻓﻲ ﻭﻗﺖ ﺍﺳﺘﻼﻡ ﻃﻠﺐ ﺍﻟﺘﻘﺪﻳﻢ ﺑﺎﻟﻤﺮﻛﺰ ﺍﻟﺮﺋﻴﺴﻲ ﺣﺘﻰ ﺗﻜﻮﻥ‬
‫‪ 4‬ﺃﻛﻤﻞ ﺟﻤﻴﻊ ﺍﻟﻤﺸﺎﺭﻳﻊ ﺍﻟﻌﺸﺮﺓ ﺍﻟﻮﺍﺭﺩﺓ ﻓﻲ ﻛﺘﺎﺏ ﺍﻟﺘﻮﺍﺻﻞ ﺍﻟﻤﺘﻤﻜﻦ‪.‬‬
‫‪ 4‬ﺃﻛﻤﻞ ﻛﻼ ﺟﺎﻧﺒﻲ ﻃﻠﺐ ﺍﻟﺘﻘﺪﻳﻢ‪.‬‬
‫‪ 4‬ﻣﻄﺎﻟﺒﺔ ﻣﺴﺌﻮﻝ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﺩﻱ ﺑﺘﻘﺪﻳﻢ ﻃﻠﺐ ﺍﻟﺘﻘﺪﻳﻢ ﻋﺒﺮ ﺍﻹﻧﺘﺮﻧﺖ ﻣﻦ ﺧﻼﻝ ﻗﺴﻢ ﺍﻷﻋﻤﺎﻝ ﺑﺎﻟﻨﺎﺩﻱ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻤﻮﻗﻊ ﺍﻹﻟﻜﺘﺮﻭﻧﻲ ﻟﻤﻨﻄﻘﺔ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺘﻮﺳﺘﻤﺎﺳﺘﺮﺯ ﺍﻟﺪﻭﻟﻴﺔ‪.www.toastmasters.org ،‬‬
‫ﺇﺫﺍ ﻟﻢ ﻳﻜﻦ ﻟﺪﻯ ﺃﻱ ﻣﺴﺌﻮﻝ ﻭﺳﻴﻠﺔ ﺻﻮﻝ ﻋﺒﺮ ﺍﻟﺈﻧﺘﺮﻧﺖ‪ ،‬ﻳﻨﺒﻐﻲ ﺇﺭﺳﺎﻝ ﺍﻟﻨﻤﻮﺫﺝ ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺘﻮﻓﻲ ﻋﺒﺮ ﺍﻟﺒﺮﻳﺪ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﻔﺎﻛﺲ‬
‫)ﻳﺮﺟﻰ ﺍﺳﺘﺨﺪﺍﻡ ﻭﺳﻴﻠﺔ ﻭﺍﺣﺪﺓ ﻓﻘﻂ( ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻌﻨﻮﺍﻥ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﻟﻲ‪:‬‬
‫ﻓﺎﻛﺲ‪٩٤٩٫٨٥٨٫١٢٠٧ :‬‬ ‫ﺧﺪﻣﺎﺕ ﺍﻷﻋﻀﺎء – ﺍﻟﺠﻮﺍﺋﺰ‬
‫ﻣﻨﻄﻘﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﻮﺳﺘﻤﺎﺳﺘﺮﺯ ﺍﻟﺪﻭﻟﻴﺔ‬
‫ﺻﻨﺪﻭﻕ ﺑﺮﻳﺪ ﺭﻗﻢ ‪Mission Viejo, CA 92690 USA ،٩٠٥٢‬‬
‫ﻳﻨﺒﻐﻲ ﺃﻥ ﺗﺤﻤﻞ ﺍﻟﻄﻠﺒﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻤﺮﺳﻠﺔ ﻋﺒﺮ ﺍﻟﺒﺮﻳﺪ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﻔﺎﻛﺲ ﺗﻮﻗﻴﻊ ﺃﺣﺪ ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺌﻮﻟﻴﻦ ﺍﻟﺤﺎﻟﻴﻴﻦ ﺑﺎﻟﻨﺎﺩﻱ‪.‬‬
‫ﻓﻲ ﺣﺎﻝ ﺍﺳﺘﻴﻔﺎﺋﻚ ﻟﻤﺘﻄﻠﺒﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﻮﺍﺻﻞ ﺍﻟﻤﺘﻤﻜﻦ‪ ،‬ﻓﺴﺘﺤﺼﻞ ﻋﻠﻰ‪:‬‬
‫‪ 4‬ﺷﻬﺎﺩﺓ ﺍﻟﻤﺘﻮﺍﺻﻞ ﺍﻟﻤﺘﻤﻜﻦ‪ ،‬ﻣﻨﺎﺳﺒﺔ ﻻﺣﺘﻮﺍﺋﻬﺎ‪.‬‬
‫‪ 4‬ﻛﺘﺎﺑﻴﻦ ﻟﻠﺘﻮﺍﺻﻞ ﺍﻟﻤﺘﻘﺪﻡ ﻣﻦ ﺍﺧﺘﻴﺎﺭﻙ ﻣﺠﺎ ًﻧﺎ‪.‬‬
‫ﻣﻼﺣﻈﺔ‪ :‬ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺽ ﺍﻟﻤﺠﺎﻧﻲ ﻣﺘﺎﺡ ﻟﻸﻋﻀﺎء ﺍﻟﺤﺎﺻﻠﻴﻦ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺟﺎﺋﺰﺓ ﺍﻟﻤﺘﻮﺍﺻﻞ ﺍﻟﻤﺘﻤﻜﻦ ﻷﻭﻝ ﻣﺮﺓ ﻓﻘﻂ‪.‬‬
‫ﻗﺪ ﻳﺸﺘﺮﻱ ﺍﻟﻤﺘﻘﺪﻣﻮﻥ ﺍﻵﺧﺮﻭﻥ ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺐ ﻛﻤﺎ ﻫﻮ ﻣﻮﺿﺢ ﺃﺩﻧﺎﻩ‪.‬‬
‫‪ 4‬ﺧﻄﺎﺏ ﺇﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﺍﺧﺘﻴﺎﺭﻱ‪ ،‬ﻳﺮﺳﻞ ﻣﺒﺎﺷﺮﺓ ﺇﻟﻰ ﺻﺎﺣﺐ ﺍﻟﻌﻤﻞ‪.‬‬

‫ﻳﺮﺟﻰ ﻛﺘﺎﺑﺔ ﺃﻭ ﻃﺒﺎﻋﺔ‪:‬‬

‫ﺭﻗﻢ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﺩﻱ‪/‬ﺍﻻﺳﻢ ______________________________________________ ﺍﻟﻘﻄﺎﻉ ________‬ ‫ﺭﻗﻢ ﺍﻟﻌﻀﻮ‬

‫ﺍﻻﺳﻢ_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________‬
‫)ﻛﻤﺎ ﺗﺤﺐ ﺃﻥ ﻳﻈﻬﺮ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺸﻬﺎﺩﺓ(‬
‫ﺗﻐﻴﻴﺮﺍ ﻓﻲ ﻋﻨﻮﺍﻧﻚ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻤﻠﻒ ﺑﺎﻟﻤﺮﻛﺰ ﺍﻟﺮﺋﻴﺴﻲ‪.‬‬
‫ً‬ ‫ﺣﺪﺩ ﻫﺬﺍ ﺍﻟﻤﺮﺑﻊ ﺇﺫﺍ ﻣﺎ ﻛﺎﻥ ﻫﺬﺍ ﻳﻤﺜﻞ‬

‫ﺍﻟﻌﻨﻮﺍﻥ ‪______________________________________________________________________________________________________________ ١‬‬

‫ﺍﻟﻌﻨﻮﺍﻥ ‪______________________________________________________________________________________________________________ ٢‬‬

‫ﺍﻟﻤﺪﻳﻨﺔ____________________________________________________ ﺍﻟﻮﻻﻳﺔ‪/‬ﺍﻟﻘﻄﺎﻉ ____________________ﺍﻟﺮﻗﻢ ﺍﻟﺒﺮﻳﺪﻱ‪/‬ﺍﻟﺮﻣﺰ ﺍﻟﺒﺮﻳﺪﻱ _______________‬

‫ﺍﻟﺪﻭﻟﺔ ____________________________ﻋﻨﻮﺍﻥ ﺍﻟﺒﺮﻳﺪ ﺍﻹﻟﻜﺘﺮﻭﻧﻲ ___________________________________________________ ﻫﺎﺗﻒ _______________‬

‫ﺇﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﻣﺴﺌﻮﻝ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﺩﻱ‪ :‬ﺍﺳﺘﻜﻤﻞ ﺍﻟﺘﻮﺳﺘﻤﺎﺳﺘﺮ ﺍﻟﻤﺬﻛﻮﺭ ﺍﺳﻤﻪ ﺃﻋﻼﻩ ﺟﻤﻴﻊ ﺍﻟﻤﺸﺎﺭﻳﻊ ﺍﻟﻮﺍﺭﺩﺓ ﻓﻲ ﻛﺘﺎﺏ ﺍﻟﺘﻮﺍﺻﻞ ﺍﻟﻤﺘﻤﻜﻦ ﻟﻠﺘﻮﺳﺘﻤﺎﺳﺘﺮﺯ‪ .‬ﻭﻗﺪ ﺣﺼﻞ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺟﺎﺋﺰﺓ ﺍﻟﻤﺘﻮﺍﺻﻞ ﺍﻟﻤﺘﻤﻜﻦ‪.‬‬
‫_______________________________________________________________________________________________ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﺭﻳﺦ‪_______________ :‬‬
‫ﻣﻜﺘﺐ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﺩﻱ ﺍﻟﻘﺎﺋﻢ‬ ‫ﺍﻛﺘﺐ ﺍﻻﺳﻢ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻮﻗﻴﻊ‬
‫)ﻻ ﻳﺠﻮﺯ ﻟﻠﻤﺘﻘﺪﻣﻴﻦ ﺍﻟﺘﻮﻗﻴﻊ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻄﻠﺒﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺨﺎﺻﺔ ﺑﻬﻢ‪ ،‬ﺣﺘﻰ ﻭﺇﻥ ﻛﺎﻧﻮﺍ ﻣﺴﺌﻮﻟﻴﻦ ﺣﺎﻟﻴﻴﻦ ﺑﺎﻟﻨﺎﺩﻱ(‬

‫ﻛﺘﺐ ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﺞ ﺍﻟﺘﻮﺍﺻﻞ ﺍﻟﻤﺘﻘﺪﻡ‪ .‬ﺣﺪﺩ ﺍﻟﻤﺮﺑﻌﺎﺕ ﻟﻺﺷﺎﺭﺓ ﺇﻟﻰ ﺍﺧﺘﻴﺎﺭﻙ‪.‬‬

‫ﺳﺮﺩ ﺍﻟﻘﺼﺺ )‪٢٢٦‬ﻙ(‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺨﻄﺐ ﺍﻟﻤﻘﺪﻣﺔ ﻋﻦ ﻃﺮﻳﻖ ﺍﻹﺩﺍﺭﺓ )‪٢٢٦‬ﻭ(‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺨﻄﻴﺐ ﺍﻟﻤﺴﻠﻲ )‪٢٢٦‬ﺃ(‬
‫ﺍﻟﻘﺮﺍءﺓ ﺍﻟﺘﻔﺴﻴﺮﻳﺔ )‪٢٢٦‬ﻁ(‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺨﻄﻴﺐ ﺍﻟﻤﺤﺘﺮﻑ )‪٢٢٦‬ﻱ(‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﺤﺪﺙ ﻣﻦ ﺃﺟﻞ ﺍﻹﻋﻼﻡ )‪٢٢٦‬ﺏ(‬
‫ﺍﻟﺘﻮﺍﺻﻞ ﻣﻊ ﺍﻵﺧﺮﻳﻦ )‪٢٢٦‬ﻡ(‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺽ ﺍﻟﺘﻘﺪﻳﻤﻲ ﺍﻟﻔﻨﻲ )‪٢٢٦‬ﺡ(‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﻼﻗﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻣﺔ )‪٢٢٦‬ﺝ(‬
‫ﺧﻄﺐ ﺍﻟﻤﻨﺎﺳﺒﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺨﺎﺻﺔ )‪٢٢٦‬ﻥ(‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺨﻄﺎﺑﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﻘﻨﻌﺔ )‪٢٢٦‬ﻝ(‬ ‫ﻗﺎﺋﺪ ﺍﻟﻤﻨﺎﻗﺸﺔ )‪٢٢٦‬ﺩ(‬
‫ﺍﻟﺨﻄﺎﺑﺔ ﻣﺘﺤﻠﻴًﺎ ﺑﺮﻭﺡ ﺍﻟﺪﻋﺎﺑﺔ )‪٢٢٦‬ﻉ(‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻮﺍﺻﻞ ﻋﺒﺮ ﺍﻟﺘﻠﻔﺰﻳﻮﻥ )‪٢٢٦‬ﺯ(‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺨﻄﺐ ﺍﻟﺨﺎﺻﺔ )‪٢٢٦‬ﻫـ(‬

‫ﺇﺫﺍ ﻛﺎﻧﺖ ﻫﺬﻩ ﺃﻭﻝ ﻣﺮﺓ ﻟﻚ ﻓﻲ ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﺞ ﺍﻟﻤﺘﻮﺍﺻﻞ ﺍﻟﻤﺘﻤﻜﻦ‪ ،‬ﻳﻤﻜﻨﻚ ﺍﺧﺘﻴﺎﺭ ﻛﺘﺎﺑﻴﻦ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺐ ﺍﻟﺴﺎﺑﻘﺔ ﻣﺠﺎ ًﻧﺎ‪ .‬ﻋﻠﻰ ﺃﻥ ﻳﻜﻮﻥ ﺛﻤﻦ ﻛﻞ ﻛﺘﺎﺏ ﺇﺿﺎﻓﻲ ﺏ‪ ٤٫٠٠‬ﺩﻭﻟﺎﺭ‪ .‬ﺃﺿﻒ ‪ ٥٠‬ﺩﻭﻟﺎﺭ ﻃﻮﺍﺑﻊ ﺑﺮﻳﺪﻳﺔ ﻟﻜﻞ ﻛﺘﺎﺏ‬
‫ﺩﺍﺧﻞ ﺍﻟﻮﻟﺎﻳﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻤﺘﺤﺪﺓ )ﻓﻴﻤﺎ ﻳُﻀﺎﻑ ﻣﺒﻠﻎ ﻗﺪﺭﻩ ‪ ١٫٠٠‬ﺩﻭﻟﺎﺭ ﻟﻜﻞ ﻛﺘﺎﺏ ﺇﺫﺍ ﻣﺎ ﻛﺎﻥ ﺍﻟﺸﺤﻦ ﻣﻮﺟﻪ ﺇﻟﻰ ﻋﻨﺎﻭﻳﻦ ﺧﺎﺭﺝ ﺍﻟﻮﻟﺎﻳﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻤﺘﺤﺪﺓ(‪ .‬ﻳﺠﺐ ﺃﻥ ﻳﺼﺎﺣﺐ ﺍﻟﺪﻓﻊ ﺑﺎﻟﻌﻤﻠﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺄﻣﺮﻳﻜﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻄﻠﺐ‪ .‬ﺍﻟﺄﺳﻌﺎﺭ ﻋﺮﺿﺔ‬
‫ﻟﻠﺘﻐﻴﻴﺮ ﺩﻭﻥ ﺳﺎﺑﻖ ﺇﺧﻄﺎﺭ‪.‬‬

‫ﺃﻣﻜﺲ‬ ‫ﺩﻳﺴﻜﻔﺮ‬ ‫ﻣﺎﺳﺘﺮﻛﺎﺭﺩ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻔﻴﺰﺍ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺸﻴﻚ‬ ‫ﻃﺮﻳﻘﺔ ﺍﻟﺪﻓﻊ‪:‬‬

‫ﺭﻗﻢ ﺑﻄﺎﻗﺔ ﺍﻻﺋﺘﻤﺎﻥ ____________________________________________________________________ﺗﺎﺭﻳﺦ ﺍﻧﺘﻬﺎء ﺍﻟﺼﻼﺣﻴﺔ________________________‬

‫ﺍﻟﺘﻮﻗﻴﻊ _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________‬

‫‪77‬‬ ‫‪K”ljlgH GwH‘jlgH‬‬

 ‫ﺳﺠﻞ ﺍﺳﺘﻜﻤﺎﻝ ﺍﻟﻤﺸﺮﻭﻉ‬
‫ﺗﻮﻗﻴﻊ ﻣﺴﺌﻮﻝ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺘﺎﺭﻳﺦ‬ ‫ﻋﻨﻮﺍﻥ ﺍﻟﺨﻄﺒﺔ‬ ‫ﺭﻗﻢ ﺍﻟﻤﺸﺮﻭﻉ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺸﺌﻮﻥ ﺍﻟﺘﻌﻠﻴﻤﻴﺔ‬

‫ﺍﻟﻤﺸﺮﻭﻉ ‪١‬‬

‫ﺍﻟﻤﺸﺮﻭﻉ ‪٢‬‬

‫ﺍﻟﻤﺸﺮﻭﻉ ‪٣‬‬

‫ﺍﻟﻤﺸﺮﻭﻉ ‪٤‬‬

‫ﺍﻟﻤﺸﺮﻭﻉ ‪٥‬‬

‫ﺍﻟﻤﺸﺮﻭﻉ ‪٦‬‬

‫ﺍﻟﻤﺸﺮﻭﻉ ‪٧‬‬

‫ﺍﻟﻤﺸﺮﻭﻉ ‪٨‬‬

‫ﺍﻟﻤﺸﺮﻭﻉ ‪٩‬‬

‫ﺍﻟﻤﺸﺮﻭﻉ ‪١٠‬‬

‫ﺇﻗﺮﺍﺭﺍ ﺑﺈﻧﺠﺎﺯﺍﺗﻚ‪.‬‬
‫ً‬ ‫ﺍﺧﺘﻴﺎﺭﻱ‪ :‬ﺑﻨﺎ ًء ﻋﻠﻰ ﻃﻠﺒﻚ‪ ،‬ﺗﺮﺳﻞ ﻣﻨﻄﻘﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﻮﺳﺘﻤﺎﺳﺘﺮﺯ ﺍﻟﺪﻭﻟﻴﺔ ﺧﻄﺎﺏ ﻣﻨﺎﺳﺐ ﺇﻟﻰ ﺻﺎﺣﺐ ﺍﻟﻌﻤﻞ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﻤﺸﺮﻑ‬

‫ﻳﺮﺟﻰ ﻛﺘﺎﺑﺔ ﺃﻭ ﻃﺒﺎﻋﺔ‪:‬‬

‫ﺍﺳﻢ ﺻﺎﺣﺐ ﺍﻟﻌﻤﻞ‪/‬ﺍﻟﻤﺸﺮﻑ __________________________________________________________________________________________________________‬

‫ﺍﺳﻢ ﺍﻟﺸﺮﻛﺔ ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________‬

‫ﺍﻟﻌﻨﻮﺍﻥ ‪____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ ١‬‬

‫ﺍﻟﻌﻨﻮﺍﻥ ‪____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ ٢‬‬

‫ﺍﻟﻤﺪﻳﻨﺔ_____________________________________________ ﺍﻟﻮﻻﻳﺔ‪/‬ﺍﻟﻘﻄﺎﻉ ____________________ﺍﻟﺮﻗﻢ ﺍﻟﺒﺮﻳﺪﻱ‪/‬ﺍﻟﺮﻣﺰ ﺍﻟﺒﺮﻳﺪﻱ ____________________________‬

‫ﺍﻟﺪﻭﻟﺔ ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________‬

‫‪K”ljlgH GwH‘jlgH‬‬ ‫‪78‬‬

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