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N° 477  / All English. ÉTÉ  Du 11 juillet au 4 septembre 2019 / 3,60 €

La presse internationale en V.O. pour progresser en anglais

ECONOMY CINEMA SOCIETY

PRIMARK: CHEAP BRAD PITT & LEO DONER KEBAB
AND CHEERFUL DICAPRIO INTERVIEW FRENZY
THE GUARDIAN THE NEW YORK TIMES THE INDEPENDENT

WELCOME TO
SCOTLAND DISCOVER THE SHETLAND ISLES
AND DUMFRIES & GALLOWAY

4 pages centrales de quiz pour progresser en anglais L 18896 - 477 - F: 3,60 €

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Des v ume-Uni ?
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rs r, s'exprimer, se
ique
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Co

d e er se
l'enfant
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donne à u n iq u er, exprim urée . 12 images thématiques (les transports,

r comm pendant
la d
clés pou e répérer
les saisons…) ;
s e t s
besoin . une carte géographique indiquant
oyage.
de son v nnaliser les points touristiques et de loisirs ;
e tte nt de perso or
perm trés . un vocabulaire de voyage.
activités ’elle devienne un
† Des o u r q u o y age
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édito sommaire N° 477 / Du 11 juillet au 4 septembre 2019
NIVEAU DE DIFFICULTÉ ET ÉQUIVALENCE CECRL
(Cadre Européen Commun de Référence pour les langues) :
 facile A2-B1  moyen B2-C1  difficile C1-C2
Pour faciliter le repérage et la compréhension, les mots traduits sont surlignés dans tous les
articles du magazine.

AMÉLIE ARA Grand angle ........................................................................................................................................................................................................ 4

RÉDACTRICE EN CHEF On parle d'eux .............................................................................................................................................................................................. 5

À la une
Scenery and sheep in Shetland
Scotland as you
 C1-C2

THE NEW YORK TIMES (US) 6

have never seen it
.......................................................................................................................................................................

Discovering the Scottish archipelago of Shetland.

In our summer issue of Vocable, we take you on a  B2-C1 Scotland’s South West Coastal 300 route
voyage to Scotland – to areas well off the beaten THE GUARDIAN (UK) ............................................................................................................................................................................................ 9
track. We discover its northernmost region: the A road trip in Ayrshire and Dumfries & Galloway.
Shetland Isles. This is a group of about 100 islands
of which only fifteen are inhabited. This wild  A2-B1 Focus ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 11
paradise with more sheep and birds species than
people, invites you to a real communion with
nature: spectacular cliffs, crystal clear water,
Société
 B2-C1 New Zealanders welcome Wellbeing Budget
deserted beaches and colonies of rare birds. His- THE GUARDIAN (UK) .......................................................................................................................................................................................... 12
tory buffs will also be pleased as the archipelago The world’s first “wellbeing budget” unveiled in New Zealand.
is rich in well-preserved archeological sites and
Viking farms. The artisanal wool industry of  A2-B1 Doner kebab frenzy THE INDEPENDENT (UK) ...................................................................................... 13
Shetland is one of the last remaining vestiges How the doner kebab conquered Europe.
of the Scottish textile industry. Every year in
September, the islands play host to the Wool  A2-B1 Sur le vif ..................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 16
Week festival, an absolute must for knitting fans.
We also focus on another part of the country, as
yet free from the tourist hordes: the south-west, PRATIC’ABLE  ��������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������� 17
and in particular, the region of Dumfries & Vocabulaire, expressions et astuces pour parler
Galloway and Ayrshire, territory of Scot’s poet, comme un anglophone
Robert Burns. This time in the southernmost La plage / Révisions de fin d'année scolaire / L’expression idiomatique
part of Scotland, the Mull of Galloway – and
its famous lighthouse – awaits you. It features
stretches of beautiful green countryside, pep-  A2-B1 À 360° ............................................................................................................................................................................................................................ 21
pered with spectacular chateaux; now accessible
thanks to the panoramic ‘South West Coastal Enjeux
300’. The legendary hospitality of the Scots, their  B2-C1 What’s in a name? LOS ANGELES TIMES (US) ......................................................................................... 22
rich folklore and famous whisky will no doubt Democratic primary: the candidates’ marketing strategies.

win you over.
 B2-C1 Primark: cheap and cheerful THE GUARDIAN (UK) .......................................................... 24
The team at Vocable wish you a wonderful sum- The triumph of the Irish fast fashion retailer.
mer and see you on 5 September for the next
edition.
Happy Reading! Culture
 B2-C1 Brad Pitt and Leonardo DiCaprio interview
THE NEW YORK TIMES (US) ....................................................................................................................................................................... 26.
Rejoignez-nous sur et suivez-nous sur et sur Interview with two cinema legends.

 A2-B1 Zoom sur .................................................................................................................................................................................................................. 28

BONUS  A2-B1 Les échos ................................................................................................................................................................................................................ 29

 B2-C1 The radical joy of Keith Haring THE OBSERVER (UK) ..................................................... 30
L’article est repris sur le CD ou les MP3 Major Keith Haring retrospective at the Tate Liverpool.
de conversation : Des interviews en V.O.
pour améliorer votre compréhension
Découverte
Tous les articles du magazine sont lus par des  B2-C1 Whale intelligence THE INDEPENDENT (UK) ......................................................................................... 32.
anglophones sur le CD (ou les MP3) de lecture The impressive cognitive abilities of cetaceans.


Retrouvez le reportage vidéo

lié à l’ article sur vocable.fr Bons Plans .......................................................................................................................................................................................................... 33
Les sorties ........................................................................................................................................................................................................... 34
Photo de couverture : Istock Le dessin .................................................................................................................................................................................................................. 35
 Grand L’actualité en images

angle

(Ben Cawthra/REX/Shutterstock/SIPA)
ROYAUME-UNI

History NOTTING HILL CARNIVAL

Claudia Jones, a
Trinidadian human
rights activist, set up
London’s first indoor
‘Caribbean Carnival’ at
St Pancras Town Hall
Londres back in 1959, to settle
down the race
relations between the
British and people
from the Caribbean. She is known as “the mother of
the Notting Hill Carnival”. In 1966, the first outdoor
festival, organised by local resident and social worker
Rhaune Laslett, took place in the streets of Notting Hill.
to set, set, set up to create, establish / to settle
down here, to calm / outdoor outside, in the open air /
social worker person whose profession is to care for
the vulnerable in the community.
The famous Notting Hill Carnival
In August, like every summer since 1966, one of the world’s largest street
carnivals will be coming to the neighbourhood of Notting Hill, in London,
to celebrate the city’s Caribbean heritage. This year, the festivities will
take place from 24 to 26 of August and include costume-clad people from
the Caribbean dancing to traditional reggae, meringue, calypso, rumba,
and zouk music, and street vendors selling traditional food such as
seasoned jerk chicken and goat stew. Each year, close to one million
people attend the festival.
largest big / neighbourhood area, district / to take, took, taken place to happen, occur / clad dressed /
seasoned jerk chicken chicken marinated in herbs and spices, typical dish of the Caribbean / goat mammal of
the genus Capra / stew ragout, dish of meat and vegetables / to attend to participate in.

4 • VOCABLE Du 11 juillet au 4 septembre 2019

 On parle d'eux… Retrouvez le fil d’infos sur www.vocable.fr

Ceux qui font l'actu

Donald Trump
On 19 June, in front of a crowd of 20,000 people
gathered in a sports stadium in Orlando, Flori-
da, Donald Trump formally launched his re-
election campaign. In his speech, the Ameri-
can president spoke extensively about Hillary
Clinton, and said that if the country ended up
with a Democrat president and a Democrat
Congress in 2020, the latter would “strip
Americans of their constitutional rights while
flooding the country with illegal immigrants
in the hopes it will expand their political base.”
The crowd cheerfully reprised the cries of
Trump’s first campaign: “Lock her up,” “Build
the wall” and “CNN sucks.”
crowd large gathering of people, audience / to gather to congregate,
assemble / extensively a lot, considerably, significantly / latter the
second (of the two) / to strip to deprive of / to flood to inundate,
overwhelm / to expand to develop, extend, enlarge / cheerfully
happily, here, readily, unashamedly / cry shout, here, slogan / to lock
up to emprison / to suck (slang) to be no good, rubbish, useless.

(SIPA)
(Michael A. McCoy/The New York Times)
(SIPA)

(SIPA)

Stephen Schwarzman O.J. Simpson Ta-Nehisi Coates

U.S. billionaire Stephen Schwarzman has
given Oxford University a record £150m
donation to fund humanities research. Part of
the funding will go to a new institute charged
with tackling ethics in artificial intelligence.
Stephen Schwarzman, co-founder of private
equity group Blackstone, and a Trump
supporter, said he made the donation to help
people “remember what being human is”
amid what will be the “unstoppable” rise of
robots.
billionaire very rich person who has (at least) a billion
dollars / to fund to finance / humanities languages,
literature, history and philosophy / to tackle to deal
with, address the subject of / founder person who
creates or establishes sth / private equity capital
investment / amid in the context of / rise ascension.
Last month, two days after the 25th
anniversary of the fatal stabbing of both his
ex-wife, Nicole Brown Simpson, and her friend
Ron Goldman, O.J. Simpson launched his
Twitter account. The former running back said
he is planning to use his Twitter account to
share his thoughts and opinions on “just about
everything.” Simpson, who was acquitted of
murder charges in 1995, was granted parole
two years ago after serving nine years in
prison in connection with a Las Vegas robbery.
stabbing knife attack, here, murder / former ex /
running back offensive back (american football) / to
share to communicate / to grant to give, allow / parole
permission given to a convicted criminal to leave prison
early on condition that he or she behaves well / to serve
to carry out a prison sentence / robbery theft, stealing
of goods.
Last month, American author and journalist
Ta-Nehisi Coates testified in Congress during
the first hearing on the hot topic of
reparations for the descendants of slaves. His
essay The Case for Reparations, published in
June 2014, thrust the topic onto the national
stage for the first time. Several Democratic
presidential candidates, such as Tulsi
Gabbard, have recently voiced support for the
idea.
to testify to attest / hearing audience, session / topic
subject, issue, matter / slave person who is owned by
and who works for another / case arguments (for) / to
thrust, thrust, thrust to propel / stage arena / to
voice to express / support approval, solidarity,
endorsement.

VOCABLE Du 11 juillet au 4 septembre 2019 •5

À la une I Destination I ÉCOSSE I  C2

5,300
Shetland Islands
New research indicates that some of
Scotland’s nearly 600 crannogs (artificial
islands) are far older than scientists originally
thought. Some may have been built more
than 5,300 years ago, during the Neolithic epoch.

Sumburgh Head is located at the southern tip of mainland Shetland. (Istock)

THE NEW YORK TIMES NELLIE HERMANN

SCENERY AND SHEEP

IN SHETLAND
The Shetland Islands: beautiful scenery and a traditional wool industry
The Scottish archipelago of Shetland is made up of about 100 islands of which only fifteen are inhabited. Located halfway
between mainland Scotland and Norway, this wild and windswept landscape has breathtaking scenery, an incredible variety of
fauna and very well preserved archaeological sites. It is also host to a world-renowned festival of wool every September. Portait
of an island culture with something for everyone.

6 • VOCABLE Du 11 juillet au 4 septembre 2019  facile A2-B1 /  moyen B2-C1 /  difficile C1-C2
 SUPPLÉMENT VIDÉO
À l’heure du Brexit, alors que se dessine la perspective d’un nouveau référendum, la
population écossaise est plus divisée que jamais sur la question de l’indépendance
du pays. Découvrez le reportage vidéo et testez votre compréhension sur
www.vocable.fr/videos-anglais
L ast fall, just a few days into my trip
to the Shetland Islands, the Scottish
subarctic archipelago across the sea from
Norway, I found myself on the top of a cliff
face, peering through the fog at a huge rock
in the northern Atlantic Ocean. The rock was
topped with a spike of white: the Muckle
Flugga lighthouse, built in 1854, a mind-
boggling feat as the rock’s cliff face juts
straight up out of the roiling sea. In the
early days of the lighthouse, our tour guide
told us, men had to be hoisted by ropes
around their arms to safely cross the gap
between their boat and the landing area on
the rock. At this most northerly point in the
U.K, I felt a profound sense that I was very
far from home.  but well worth the journey.
2. I had disembarked to this spot from a bus
at the very top of the tiny island of Unst, the
most northern and rocky of the Shetland
Islands, with a population of about 600. On
the bus with me was a group of mostly
women from all over the world, all of us at-
tendees of Shetland Wool Week, a knitting
and textile festival hailed through the world’s
knitting grapevine as the mecca of all knit-
ting and textile festivals.  DAILY LIFE
3. To get to this spot, the bus had driven us
up the length of “mainland” Shetland, the
largest of the 16 populated islands, then
crossed on a ferry to the smaller island of
Yell, then driven up a snaking road to Yell’s
tip and to a second ferry ride to the island of
1. trip journey, voyage, visit / cliff high area of rock with a
steep precipice / to peer to look attentively, scan / fog thick
cloud-like mist near the ground which limits visibility / to top
here, to crown, be at the summit of / spike high point /
lighthouse tower equipped with a powerful light to warn or
guide ships / mind-boggling incredible, staggering, beyond
belief / feat exploit / to jut out to stick outward and upward
/ straight up vertical / roiling tumultuous, turbulent / to
hoist to lift, heave upwards, raise / rope cord / gap space,
divide / landing area place for disembarking.
2. spot area, location / very here, complete, absolute / tiny
very small / rocky characterised by rocks, jagged / attendee
participant ( to attend to be present at, participate in) /
wool material obtained from the coat of sheep etc / knitting
litt. activity of needlework by interlacing yarn in a series of
connected loops using straight needles / to hail to
acknowledge, acclaim / grapevine here, network / mecca
holy city, here, the best, most highly regarded.
3. length from one end to the other / mainland continental
/ populated with people living there / to cross to go over,
traverse / to snake to wind, twist and turn (snake serpent) /
tip end, extremity, point / ride trip /
Unst. Now, we stood at the top of the cliffs
of Hermaness, home to some of the largest
colonies of nesting seabirds in the U.K. 
and biggest city (with a population of about
7,500), which is also where the hub of the
festival is. 
KNITTING 6. Schoolchildren often travel to Lerwick
4. Before I left New York, the only thing I during the week and then back to the small-
really knew about Shetland was that it is the er islands to spend the weekends with their
birthplace of Fair Isle knit- families. Mystery writer Ann
ting (Fair Isle being the most Cleaves has set a series of
remote of the islands), a tech- murder mysteries on Shet-
nique of colorwork recogniz- land (they were made into an
able in traditional sweaters. Driving excellent BBC series, Shet-
What I found was a place around the land, that the islanders are
with a complex history be- understandably quite proud
yond that of the knitting tiny islands is of), and one can easily see
industry, difficult to get to an experience why: driving around the tiny
In Shetland, knitting is a tra-
in moodiness. islands is an experience in
moodiness — you snake
dition that goes back centu- down one-way roads through
ries and is embedded in the pockets of brightly painted
place’s rich history. Sheep houses and grazing sheep,
here outnumber people by 20-to-1, and in- the seething ocean on one side or the other
clement weather on the islands has encour- of you (or sometimes both, the North Sea on
aged the local sheep to grow a softer and one and the ocean on the other).  >>>
lighter-weight fiber that makes Shetland
wool unique.
hub centre, heart.
6. mystery novel about murder, featuring a detective,
5. There are about 100 islands in Shetland, crime / to set, set, set to situate the action of, the
although only 16 are inhabited. To get to location for / murder mystery crime novel, detective
mainland Shetland, one takes either an over- story / to make, made, made into to transform into /
series serialized set of programmes, season / islander
night ferry or a small plane from Aberdeen, person living on an island / understandably naturally, for
on the coast of Scotland. On the smaller is- obvious reasons / quite rather, very / proud feeling
lands like Yell and Unst, there is no police pleased and satisfied about sth / moodiness changing
emotions / one-way in one direction only / pocket here,
force, no hospital or health clinic, and no enclave / brightly coloured of different vivid colours / to
school. Most of these islands’ municipal graze to feed on grass / seething turbulent, agitated,
needs are taken care of from Lerwick on tumultuous.
mainland Shetland, the islands’ central port
to stand, stood, stood to situate oneself / to be home
to to be the place where sth is located / to nest to build a SUR LE BOUT DE LA LANGUE
home (for laying eggs) / seabird bird frequenting the sea.
4. birthplace place where sth originates / remote far,
distant / colorwork knitting with a variety of colours,
Pour ne pas "perdre le
(special to the region) / recognizable well known, easily nord" (to keep your
identified, famous / sweater jumper, pullover / beyond wits about you) !
much greater than / to be worth the journey to merit a
trip / to go, went, gone back to begin as far back in time north le nord
as / to be embedded in to comprise, be an integral part the northern lights (§ 10) l'aurore
of / sheep ruminant mammal of the genus Ovis / to boréale
outnumber to be greater in number than, to exceed / the most northerly point (§ 1)
weather atmospheric conditions (rain, sunshine, wind etc)
/ to grow, grew, grown to develop, produce / soft
l'endroit le plus au nord
smooth, fine / light-weight not heavy, here, fine, delicate. a northener un habitant du Nord
5. inhabited with people living there / overnight during
northbound / northward en
the night / coast seashore / health medical care / to direction du nord
take, took, taken care of to look after (the needs of) /
VOCABLE Du 11 juillet au 4 septembre 2019 •7
 À la une I Destination I ÉCOSSE I  C2
NIVEAU AVANCÉ DU SUPPLÉMENT SONORE
Mati Ventrillon is a knitter, a Fair Isle knitter. On a Scottish island of only 55
inhabitants, she is helping to keep a fine heritage alive. Listen to the Advanced
recording to find out more in our exclusive interview with Mati.
CD audio ou téléchargement MP3 (sur abonnement)

Native sheep on a farm on Bressay Island in the The town of Lerwick on mainland Shetland. (Istock)
Shetland archipelago. (Andy Haslam/The New York Times)

BREATHTAKING LANDSCAPES PEOPLE were sightings of the northern lights, ethe-

>>> 7.Often when you curve around a bend in
the road the view before you is breathtaking,
and if you are driving a car you have to be
careful not to drive right off the road. Cliffs
drop precipitously just feet from the pave-
ment; inlets have choppy waves (and, in
summer, killer whales who pick off sleepy
seals); enormous rocks jut up from the ocean
just off the coast; and, everywhere, roofs and
boats and houses are painted cheerful colors
that burst against the overcast sky.  assorted bread, eggs, yogurt, fruit, at least 10
8. I had watched the BBC series, but even such
a well-crafted show is no substitute for being
there. One cannot experience the Shetland
wind through one’s television. I was there for
a week, and there was only one night that I
didn’t hear the loud howl of wind all night
long. At one point, someone asked a local
farmer whether the wind was normal, if it
kept up all year long — “Wind?!” he said in-
credulously. “This is nothing! It’s been calm
ever since you came!”
7. breathtaking stupefying / landscape countryside / to
curve to move in an arched type motion rather than straight
/ bend turn in the road / to drive, drove, driven off to
drive the car off the road and falling from a great height / to
drop to have an edge with a steep descent to ground level /
pavement road surface / inlet bay / choppy agitated /
killer Orcinus orca, predatory black-and-white toothed
whale with large dorsal fin / to pick off here, to catch, kill
and eat / sleepy drowsy, somnolent / seal marine mammal
with streamlined body and limbs that form webbed flippers
/ cheerful happy, bright / to burst, burst, burst to
contrast starkly / overcast cloudy.
8. well-crafted well made / to substitute for to replace /
wind movement of air / loud very noisy / howl high
plaintive sound / farmer agriculturer / to keep, kept, kept
up here, to continue / ever since from the moment when.
9. The people of Shetland, though, really
could not be nicer — one is tempted to think
their isolation and hardiness has formed
them for kindness. At the bed-and-breakfast
where we stayed, Virdafjell, the owner, Dor-
othy Stove, greeted us with a plastic bin of
clean house slippers for us to choose from,
and every morning put out a breakfast spread
fit for 10 hungry men (although my friend
and I were the only people there): scones,
kinds of cereal, and even decorative butter
slices in a perfectly sized dish.  a knitter can’t help but feel optimistic, and a
WHAT TO SEE
10. For such a small place, Shetland offers an
incredible amount to attract visitors. In ad-
dition to the textile industry, visitors are
drawn by archaeology (there are ancient sites
scattered all over the islands), by geology (the
islands sit atop a network of tectonic plates
and boast an array of ancient and volcanic
rocks), by caving and kayaking, and by an
enormous diversity of nesting seabirds (puf-
fins, who nest there in the hundreds of
thousands in the summer, are a popular
draw). Two of the nights we were there, there
9. hardiness robustness / bed and breakfast guesthouse /
owner proprietor / to greet to welcome / bin container /
slipper comfortable shoe worn in the house / to put, put, put
out to put on the table, serve, offer / spread here, variety of
dishes, feast / to be fit for here, to be capable of (feeding) /
scone small cake made with milk / assorted various, diverse /
slice piece, portion.
10. to be drawn to to be interested in / to scatter to disperse,
spread / atop on top of / plate plaque / to boast to have sth
impressive / array impressive display or collection, variety /
caving sport or pastime of exploring caves / puffin seabird
with black-and-white plumage / draw attraction /
real streaks of color across the night sky. The
main industry on Shetland is still fishing
— primarily mackerel, herring and salmon
farming — and more than 75 percent of
Scotland’s mussels are produced there. 
11. Despite all this, the main action at the time
of my visit was Wool Week, which begins
Sept. 28 in 2019. One of the festival’s distinc-
tive aspects is the community that it creates
and celebrates all over the islands. Standing
on the shores of Shetland during Wool Week,
person can’t help but feel swept away. l
sighting observation, spotting / ethereal celestial, sublime,
surreal / streak stripe, mark, line / primarily essentially /
mackerel predatory marine fish with a greenish-blue back /
herring fairly small silvery fish / farming here, breeding /
mussel common mollusk with blue/black shell.
11. action here, event / shore beach, coast / knitter person
who knits ( to knit to make (a stitch or row of stitches) by
interlocking loops of wool) / can’t help but... not to be able to
stop ineself from / to be swept away (fig.) to be transported.
Pour en savoir plus
Le Guide Évasion
Écosse des éditions
Hachette (440 pages,
18€) vous aidera à
organiser votre
voyage en Écosse
selon vos envies.
Des s
exemplair! e
gner
àg a
.vocable.fr
sur www

8 • VOCABLE Du 11 juillet au 4 septembre 2019  facile A2-B1 /  moyen B2-C1 /  difficile C1-C2
À la une I Destination I ÉCOSSE I  B2-C1

Scotland at a glance
78,772 km2 5.4 million inhabitants 800 islands
Dunure Castle, in South Ayrshire. (Istock)

THE GUARDIAN PETER ROSS

SCOTLAND’S SOUTH WEST

COASTAL 300 ROUTE
New tourist route in Scotland Alloway

Scotland is without doubt an ideal location for a summer road trip. The “South West Coastal
300” opened last year, following a coastal route in Ayrshire and Dumfries and Galloway, in the
south-west, going through charming coastal villages and green hills. It is the perfect
opportunity to discover a region little known to tourists. Wigtown

Kirkcudbright

S
Mull of Galloway St Ninian’s Cave
lighthouse

andy McKnight is a pagan, a bibliophile,
a metal detectorist and – at 71 – claims
to be Scotland’s most-tattooed man. Flames,
skulls, demons, dragons: his entire body is
covered, with the exception of his face and a
rather delicate area lower down. I learn all this
standing at the counter of the Bookshop in
Wigtown, having stopped off on the South
West Coastal 300, a new 300-or-so-mile driving
route looping through Dumfries and Galloway,
and parts of Ayrshire.  Ireland, it isn’t really on the way to anywhere.  >>>
1. pagan person whose religious beliefs are not part of any
of the established world religions / to claim to boast,
declare, assert / skull cranium / area region, zone /
counter stand where transactions are carried out in a shop
etc / to loop to make a circuit, circle, here, to pass through.
2. Wigtown, Scotland’s National Book Town
and celebrated for its annual book festival, is
one of the highlights of the route; the Bookshop
is one of the highlights of Wigtown; and Sandy
is one of the highlights of the Bookshop. He is
its most regular and most colourful (literally
and figuratively) customer. The Bookshop is
labyrinthine and atmospheric, home to 100,000
second-hand books and almost as many first-
class nooks.  Unless you’re catching a ferry to Northern
2. celebrated famous, renowned / highlight best/most
memorable part / atmospheric ambient, evocative /
nook secluded corner.
A “FORGOTTEN CORNER”
3. In Bythell’s memoir, Diary of a Bookseller,
he quotes from a 1916 guide which states that
Galloway – the area that includes Wigtown
– “has remained unknown to the world longer
than any other part of Scotland, with the pos-
sible exception of the island of Rockall”. This is
still true. In the country’s far south-west, Gal-
loway is often described as a “forgotten corner”.
3. memoir autobiography / Diary of a Bookseller (VF) Le
Libraire de Wigtown / to quote from to cite from / to
state to say, note, specify / to remain to stay, continue (to
be) / to catch, caught, caught here, to take.

VOCABLE Du 11 juillet au 4 septembre 2019 •9

 À la une I Destination I
3.5 million
In 2018, 3.5 million international
tourists visited Scotland.
>>> 4. “Everybody who comes here says how won-
derful it is, but so few people make it in the first
place,” one local says, ruefully. “When you go
up and down the M74 (the cross-border motor-
way), there’s no indication anything exists on
this side.” One must, in other words, make a
special effort to visit. The SWC300 provides a
reason. You can start anywhere and drive in
either direction. I choose to travel anti-clock-
wise as it seems in keeping with the contrary,
stubborn nature attributed to folk in this part
of Scotland. 
ALLOWAY
5. I begin in the village of Alloway, in order
to visit the cottage where, in 1759, Robert
Burns was born. It’s a kind of shrine. Keats
and Tennyson came here, as did that other
poetic heavyweight, Muhammad Ali. It is a
low stone building, painted white, with a
thatched roof. Though extremely popular, the
cottage is not universally loved. It has been
regarded as emblematic of the moist-eyed
sentimentality to which Scots are prone, and
a symbol of patriarchy. In 1914, the suffra-
gettes Frances Parker and Ethel Moorhead
attempted to blow it up.  perhaps that’s not quite true.
4. in the first place to begin with / ruefully sadly, with
regret / cross-border going both ways at each border /
motorway main road, highway / side part / SWC300 =
South West Coastal 300 Route / to provide to supply,
offer, give / anti-clockwise the opposite direction of the
movement of a clock / to keep, kept, kept to remain
faithful to, to abide by / stubborn obstinate, determined /
folk people, here, residents.
5. kind sort / shrine place of worship, holy or sacred place
/ heavyweight influential person, person respected in a
field / stone rock / thatched made out of straw / to
regard as to consider as / moist watery, here, tearful /
prone inclined to / to attempt to try / to blow, blew,
blown up to cause to explode.
SUR LE BOUT DE LA LANGUE
Rappel :
a bookshop une librairie
a library une bibliothèque
Mais on garde l'origine grecque en
anglais dans des mots tels que :
bibliophile, bibliomaniac,
bibliographer et, bien sûr, The Bible.
10 • VOCABLE Du 11 juillet au 4 septembre 2019
ÉCOSSE I  B2-C1
£2.2 billion
They spent £2.2 billion in the country.
The village of Alloway. (PT-VS/ScottishViewpoint/REX/SIPA)
6. From Alloway, it’s a run down the coast,
passing ruined Dunure Castle, and pausing
only to conduct a purification ritual outside
Trump Turnberry, the golf resort that was the
scene of the president’s summer visit last year.
The island of Ailsa Craig, a great dark dome,
looms out of the sea to the west. There are boat
trips to it from the seaside town of Girvan. It
is the most dramatic sight in
the whole 300 miles. The
SWC300 is a pastoral sympho-
ny – a journey through a green The SWC300
and gentle landscape. Well, is a pastoral
The clifftop lighthouse at the
symphony.
Mull of Galloway, Scotland’s
most southerly point, has a cer-
tain discordant wildness, especially in stormy
weather, when waves crash around the rocks
far below.  9. My final stop is the Burns Mausoleum in
THE “CRADLE OF SCOTTISH
CHRISTIANITY”
7. Near the town of Whithorn, I fall in with a
group of friends – among them the writer Sara
Maitland, who lives locally – picnicking on
scones and jam in preparation for a short pil-
grimage of three miles or so to St Ninian’s Cave.
Whithorn is known as the “cradle of Scottish
Christianity” as it was here that, in the fourth
century, Ninian established the first church in
6. run here, trip / to conduct to carry out / resort holiday
or hotel complex / scene here, location / to loom (out of)
to appear / seaside town town that is situated by the sea
/ dramatic spectacular / sight view / whole entire /
journey voyage / gentle pleasant, peaceful / landscape
natural surroundings, countryside / clifftop highest point
of a cliff / lighthouse tower equipped with a powerful
light to warn or guide ships / discordant not in harmony,
that does not fit in / wildness savage quality / stormy
tempestuous, affected by storms /
Retrouvez plus d’infos sur www.vocable.fr
11.8 million
The same year, 11.8 million overnight
trips to Scotland were taken by
UK residents.
Scotland. Every year, on a Sunday close to his
feast day of 16 September, his life is celebrated
with a mass on the beach near the cave which
he is said to have used as a retreat. 
KIRKCUDBRIGHT
8. Onwards, now, to Kirkcudbright, which calls
itself Scotland’s Artists’ Town. Since the 19th
century, painters have been
drawn here by the light and the
prettiness of the place. Kirkcud-
bright Galleries, opened last
summer, has a splendid collec-
tion of works by artists who
called this town home, among
them Jessie M King and her
husband Ernest A Taylor, part
of the bohemian set between the wars. 
Dumfries. Having started at the cottage where
Robert Burns was born, it seems fitting to end
with the town where, in 1796 at the age of 37,
he died. St Michael’s and its churchyard are the
colour of rust, or dried blood; the tomb stands
out for being a brilliant white. Like Alloway, it
takes sentimentality to the point of vulgarity,
and yet there is something undeniably numi-
nous about this place. l
wave movement of the sea.
7. cradle place where sth originated, birthplace / to fall,
fell, fallen in to join / scone small cake made with milk /
pilgrimage journey to a place of religious or cultural
importance / cave cavern / mass religious ceremony.
8. onwards moving forward / to draw, drew, drawn
here, to attract / works artistic creations / to call this
town home be be a resident / set group, clique.
9. fitting appropriate / churchyard graveyard, cemetery /
rust powdery reddish-brown layer which forms on iron
caused by corrosion / blood red liquid which circulates
around the body / to stand, stood, stood out to be
distinct from others / for here, because / numinous sacred.
 facile A2-B1 /  moyen B2-C1 /  difficile C1-C2
 I Destination I ÉCOSSE

SCOTLAND
Focus Facts and figures

Official languages
Scotland has 3 officially recognised languages: English,
Scots and Scottish Gaelic. Scottish Gaelic, which
became an official language in 2005, is only spoken by
about 60,000 people, while Scots is spoken by about 1.2

(Jane Stockdale/REX/SIPA)
million people.

50% of Scots consider themselves to be non-religious,

while 14% identify as Catholic.
while meanwhile.

Symbols 2nd referendum

Scotland has its own flag, known as
the saltire or St. Andrews Cross, 62% of Scots consider themselves
coming from its patron saint. The “Scottish only” while 18% of them
flower of Scotland is the thistle. consider themselves “as Scottish as
Legend has it that, in the 11th century, British”. In September 2014, Scottish voters
a sleeping party of Scots warriors were asked whether they wanted Scotland
were saved from ambush by an to become independent from the United
invading Norse army when one of the Kingdom. 55.3% of them voted against
(Istock)

enemies trod on the spiky plant.  independence. In May, the Scottish

government, led by Nicola Sturgeon,
saltire diagonal cross (heraldic design) / thistle herbaceous plant of the
daisy family with a purple flower / party group / warrior fighter / ambush published a referendum framework bill
trap, surprise attack / Norse Scandinavian / to tread, trod, trod or aimed at holding another referendum
trodden on to step on, walk over / spiky with sharp points. before 2021 if the UK is taken out of the EU.
(Istock)

to lead, led, led here, to govern, be leader of the party

Scotland has the highest proportion of redheads in in power / framework bill proposed referendum
the world (around 13% of the population!). outline legislation / to aim to intend / to hold, held,
redhead person with “red” (ginger, auburn) hair. held to organise.

Alcohol Highland games

39 bottles of Scotch whisky are shipped Held in spring and summer every year,
overseas each second. The whisky economy they celebrate Scottish and Celtic
boasts 127 distilleries and 10,000 culture, and revolve around athletic
employees in Scotland. Last year, Scotland competitions. Caber toss, stone put,
became the first country to introduce hammer throwing and backhold wrestling
minimum pricing for all alcoholic drinks, are among the main activities.
which resulted in a 3% fall in the to revolve around here, to feature / caber toss
throwing of tree trunks / stone put rock throwing /
consumption of alcohol. hammer throwing large hammer throwing
(SIPA)

to ship to transport / overseas abroad, here, to a foreign competition / backhold wrestling traditional
country / to boast to claim (sth impressive) / Scottish form of combat sport / main principal.
consumption consuming, here drinking.

Dish
(Kieran Dodds/International Herald Tribune)

The most infamous Scottish dish is

haggis, made with the heart, liver,
and lungs of a sheep, traditionally
boiled in the animal’s stomach.
dish plate of food / infamous well known
but not necessarily liked / liver organ in the
body that cleans the blood / lung
(Istock)

respiratory organ / to boil to cook sth in very

hot water.

VOCABLE Du 11 juillet au 4 septembre 2019 • 11

Société I Santé I NOUVELLE-ZÉLANDE I  B2-C1
New Zealand Prime Minister,
Jacinda Ardern. (Mark Coote/The New NIVEAU BASIQUE DU SUPPLÉMENT SONORE
York Times) Author and illustrator Nikki Slade Robinson shares her take on
the New Zealand health care system. Things are looking up on
the other side of the globe. You'll hear it all on the Basic recording!
CD audio ou téléchargement MP3 (sur abonnement)

THE GUARDIAN ELEANOR AINGE ROY

NEW ZEALANDERS
WELCOME WELLBEING
BUDGET
New Zealand's economic plan to bring happiness to the
poor (wellbeing mental and physical comfort)
On May 30, the government of New Zealand, led by Jacinda Ardern, unveiled its “wellbeing
budget”, providing for, among other things, an increase in public spending for mental health. This
is the first time that a western country has based its national budget on the wellbeing of its
citizens. How have new Zealanders reacted to this announcement?

P
ensioner Garry Harvey lived in Aus-
tralia for decades before returning home
to a tidy council flat in South Dunedin earlier this
year. The socio-economically deprived suburb at
the bottom of New Zealand’s South Island is in
the crosshairs of the nation’s first-ever “wellbeing
budget”, a radical economic plan for the country
devised by Jacinda Ardern to improve the lives of
the poorest citizens.  6. While Harvey remains “hopeful” about the
2. For the first time the annual budget puts social
wellbeing indicators ahead of GDP when it comes
to spending decisions. From now on, the health
of New Zealand will not be measured by growth
alone, but instead by the overall wellbeing and
prosperity of its nearly 5 million people. It is a tall
order. New Zealand has the highest youth suicide
rate in the OECD, the fourth highest rate of fam-
ily violence and diseases of poverty seen no-where
else in the developed world.  mestic and family violence.
3. Harvey, 67, a gruff but loquacious former sea-
man, hopes the wellbeing budget will transform
1. pensioner person who no longer works because of old
age and receives a pension / decade period of ten years /
council flat apartment owned by social housing /
deprived underprivileged, poor / suburb residential area
outside the centre of a city / in the crosshairs of target,
centre of interest (of) / to devise to create.
2. ahead of before / GDP = gross domestic product /
spending budget, expenditure / from now on in the future
(from this moment) / growth economic development /
overall general, global / tall order enormous task which is
difficult to accomplish / rate percentage, proportion / OECD
Organisation for Economic Cooperation and
Development / disease illness.
3. gruff abrupt, rough / former ex- / seaman sailor /
his suburb, where many locals battle mental
health issues and crime is prevalent. He returned
to New Zealand from Australia because of rising
racism, and says his native country is now more
“equitable” than its neighbour across the Tasman
Sea. “It was a good start, because you can’t get all
your Christmas crackers in one day,” he says. “I
felt hopeful. There is so much more money for
mental health, which is good as gold. And there
is a big new hospital.” 
PRIORITIES
4. When finance minister Grant Robertson an-
nounced the budget in May he said it would make
New Zealand “both a great place to make a living,
and a great place to make a life.” Vicky Freeman,
40, who appeared on the front of the budget
document with her daughter Ruby-Jean, says the
priorities of the budget are “solid”; a record
NZ$1.9bn for mental health, NZ$1bn for child
wellness, and a record NZ$320m to combat do-
CRITICS
5. But the praise has not been universal. At Child
Poverty Action Group, which campaigns on
issue problem / prevalent common, widespread / rising
increasing / Christmas cracker decorated paper tube
with a joke, a hat and a small present inside which is pulled
by two people at the beginning of a Christmas dinner
which creates a small bang / hopeful full of hope,
optimistic / to be good as gold to be excellent.
4. to make, made, made a living to earn money to live /
bn = billion (one thousand million) / wellness
well-being.
5. praise expression of approval / to campaign to fight
for a cause /
behalf of more than a quarter of New Zealand
children who live in income poverty, there was
disappointment. Spokeswoman Jeni Cart-
wright described the budget’s mental health
focus as “an ambulance at the bottom of the
cliff”; that instead of tackling entrenched pov-
erty issues in New Zealand, it was throwing
money at the end result of long-term, inter-
generational deprivation. 
government’s commitment to helping the
country’s most vulnerable people, he remains
concerned that structural change – such as the
introduction of a capital gains tax – have been
ruled out by Ardern. “I agree with putting
money into a wellbeing budget but they are
periphery things,” says Harvey. “This country
is run by the rich to exploit the poor and let’s
face it, and say it, and plan for it.” 
7. Robertson admits inter-generational trans-
formation will take decades, but the building
blocks of changing New Zealanders lives from
the bottom up have now been put in place. l
on behalf of for / income poverty economic poverty
(income revenue) / disappointment regret,
dissatisfaction / spokeswoman representative / focus
centre of interest, here, priority / cliff high precipice / to
tackle to deal with, to address / entrenched deeply-
rooted / deprivation poverty.
6. to remain to continue (to be) / commitment promise
/ concerned worried, preoccupied / capital gains tax
levy taken on profit made from an investment / to rule
out to exclude from consideration / to run, ran, run to
govern.
7. building block foundation.

12 • VOCABLE Du 11 juillet au 4 septembre 2019  facile A2-B1 /  moyen B2-C1 /  difficile C1-C2
Société I Cuisine I EUROPE
SUPPLÉMENT VIDÉO
En décembre 2017, les députés européens autorisaient l’utilisation
d’additifs phosphatés dans les viandes en broche congelées – une
victoire pour l’industrie du kebab. Découvrez le reportage vidéo et testez
votre compréhension sur www.vocable.fr/videos-anglais
THE INDEPENDENT PIERRE RAFFARD
DONER KEBAB
FRENZY
Europe's conflicting emotions over
the doner kebab (frenzy hysterical excitement)
It is impossible nowadays not to have a kebab shop or
restaurant of some sort nearby. Since the 1990s this
sandwich, originally from Turkey, filled with meat grilled
on a stick, conquered Europe… but not without
controversy.
H as the doner kebab become a political
issue in Europe? While the idea might
seem humorous, this is a serious question. Along-
side the hamburger, the doner kebab is one of
France’s most popular fast-food dishes. It has also
attracted unexpected attention and controversy,
and raised previously unexplored cultural issues.  was soon taken up by European media: Bild re-
2. In December 2017 the health
committee of the European Has the doner
Parliament voted to ban phos-
phate additives used in frozen
kebab become
kebab meat. This was sup- a political
posed to be a simple adminis-
trative adjustment for public-
issue in
health reasons, but the decision Europe?
sparked an outcry and the is-
sue became an unlikely politi-
cal football.  decision. While it might seem like a tempest in
1. issue problem, subject / humorous funny, amusing /
alongside together with / dish plate of food / to attract
to captivate, here, to arouse, to create / unexpected
unforeseen, unanticipated / controversy contestation,
conflict / to raise to bring up for discussion / previously
before, in the past, until now.
2. to ban to prohibit, to forbid / phosphate additive
chemical substance added to food for colouring or
preservation / frozen (to freeze, froze, frozen)
preserved by storing at a very cold temperature / meat
edible flesh of animals / adjustment modification,
change / to spark to provoke / outcry protest, indignation
/ unlikely improbable / political football non-political
subject which political parties try to use to their advantage.
I  A2-B1
SAVING THE DONER KEBAB
3. German European deputy Renate Sommer
(CDU) took the first shot, asserting on her Face-
book page that the decision would penalise
owners of small restaurants and possibly lead to
the loss of thousands of jobs. The story grew and
peated Ms. Sommer’s con-
cerns, and The Guardian, La
Repubblica and El País quick-
ly followed suit.  bourer’s meal of choice and the quintessential
Due to the uproar, two
4.
weeks later the European par-
liament used an upcoming
evaluation by the European
Food Safety Authority (EFSA)
as an excuse to postpone the
a teacup, the incident isn’t as minor as it might
appear at the outset. The wave of reactions, rang-
3. CDU = Chrislich-Demokratische Union Christian
Democratic Union / to take, took, taken a shot at sbdy
to try first / to assert to affirm, to declare / owner
proprietor / loss disappearance / to, grow, grew, grown
to become bigger / to take, took, taken up to engage the
interest of / to repeat to reiterate / concern worry,
anxiety / to follow suit to do the same.
4. uproar outrage / upcoming imminent / EFSA EU
agency in charge of food hygiene and safety / a tempest
in a teacup exaggerated reaction to sth trivial / at the
outset at the beginning, at first / wave here, sudden large
number /
2 million
In Germany, 2 million doner kebab
were eaten daily in 2017.
A doner kebab. (Istock)
ing from despair and outrage to amusement and
delight, demonstrated that behind the doner
kebab’s modest façade, it is in fact a symbol of
the social, political and identity issues facing
European societies today. 
A LOVE-HATE RELATIONSHIP
5. The European story of the doner kebab is first
and foremost one of the astounding success of a
dish that, against all odds, became both the la-
midnight snack. The doner kebab arrived in Eu-
rope in the mid-1930s, when a handful of Greek
and Armenian restaurant owners, exiled from
Anatolia years earlier, decided to add it to their
menus. At that time it was an unassuming dish
known only to immigrants, who saw it as a cheap
meal that also allowed them to preserve a sym-
bolic link with their home countries. 
6. Also known as the döner kebap, the dish and
others like it spread across the world, where goes >>>
despair complete absence of hope / outrage indignation
/ delight joy, pleasure / to demonstrate to show / to
face to confront.
5. first and foremost above all / astounding
extraordinary / against all odds despite all the problems
and low probability / labourer manual worker / meal
food / quintessential perfect / snack collation /
handful a few / unassuming unpretentious, modest.
6. to spread, spread, spread across to travel across /
to go, went gone by the name to be known by the
name of /
VOCABLE Du 11 juillet au 4 septembre 2019 • 13
 Société
>>> by names such as gyro (Greek), shawarma (Ara-
bic) and al pastor (Spanish), with endless local
variations. 
7. It wasn’t until the 1980s and 1990s that the
doner kebab really took off in Western Europe. As
deindustrialisation hit, many laid-off workers, in
particular those originally from Turkey, decided
to try their hand at food service. With no extensive
culinary knowledge and little capital, many of
these new entrepreneurs turned to the doner
kebab. Their inexpensive restaurants chiefly
targeted workers, students and immigrants look-
ing for an unpretentious place to grab a meal day
or night. The doner kebab proved to be unexpect-
edly popular and gradually carved out a place in
European cities’ culinary and social landscapes.
MILLIONS OF DONER KEBABS
EVERY DAY
8. The rise in popularity of the doner kebab has
been staggering. In Paris alone, there are now over
550 doner kebab shops. In the United Kingdom,
they’re reportedly sold in 17,000 businesses. And
in Germany, the European heartland of the doner
kebab, 2 million were eaten daily in 2017. This
success is even more surprising given that it
doesn’t depend on a monopoly by a globe-span-
ning food conglomerate, but on the (partly sub-
conscious) “genius” of tens of thousands of inde-
pendent food sellers.  become part of the discourse surrounding the
9. Success has come at a price, however. As its
popularity has grown, the doner kebab has faced
increasing wariness. There has been a myriad of
articles and reports about the unsanitary condi-
tions of some shops, associating the doner kebab
in the minds of the public as a fatty, unappetising
meal made with dubious meat.  Times reporter, the doner kebab is nothing less
endless infinite, countless.
7. to hit, hit, hit to strike, to happen, to have an impact /
laid-off redundant, here, who has lost one’s job /
originally from initially from / to try one’s hand at to try
sth new for the first time / extensive great / to turn to to
direct one’s attention towards / chiefly principally, mainly
/ to target to focus on as the objective potential customer
/ unpretentious simple / to grab to quickly obtain / to
prove to be to reveal to be / to carve out a place to
establish a place for oneself / landscape scene,
environment.
8. rise increase / staggering astonishing, incredible /
over more than / shop here, restaurant / reportedly
according to certain sources / business commercial
establishment / heartland centre / daily every day /
given that due to the fact that / globe-spanning
multinational / conglomerate corporation / seller
vendor.
9. to come, came, come at a price to bring negative
consequences as well / wariness caution, suspicion /
unsanitary insalubrious, unhygienic / fatty greasy /
unappetising unpalatable / dubious questionable,
suspect.
14 • VOCABLE Du 11 juillet au 4 septembre 2019
Améliorez votre prononciation en écoutant tous les articles sur le supplément audio de lecture.
A chef carves kebab meat off a rotating spit at a Turkish restaurant in Montreuil, outside Paris. (Guia Besana/
The New York Times)
GIFT TO EUROPE
10. Despite its occasionally unappealing image,
the doner kebab has found enthusiastic support
among an immense number of European resi-
dents. For them it’s not only a reasonably priced
and tasty meal, but also a vibrant example of the
value of cultural exchange. In her 1999 research
article “McDoener: Döner Kebab and the social
positioning struggle of German Turks”, research-
er Ayşe Çağlar explored the often positive asso-
ciations between the doner kebab and Turkish
immigrants in Germany. “The doner kebab has
‘issue of foreigners’ in Germany”, Ayşe wrote,
citing slogans shouted at demonstrations in sup-
port of foreigners in 1980s Berlin: “Without for-
eigners, no doner kebabs!”  affirm / to safeguard to protect.
11. This cultural and political association far from
being specific just to Germany. For a Los Angeles
than the “Turkish immigrant’s gift to Germany”. 
STASH THAT KEBAB…
12. But this point of view does not find favour with
everyone. In January 2009, the Tuscan city of
Lucca kicked off the hostilities. The town council
10. occasionally sometimes / unappealing unattractive
/ immense large, huge / tasty delicious / positioning
status / struggle difficulty, battle / surrounding with
regards to, concerning / to cite to quote / to shout to cry
out / demonstration public protest.
11. reporter journalist / nothing less than essentially.
12. to stash to hide / to find, found, found favour with
sb to be appreciated by sb / Tuscan in Tuscany, Italy / to
kick off to begin, to start / town council local
government /
decided to ban “establishments whose activities
can be tracked to different ethnicities”, arguing
the need to safeguard “culinary traditions and the
authenticity of our architecture, culture and his-
tory”. Similar measures were put in place in Italian
towns such as Forte dei Marmi, Padua, Capriate
San Gervasio and Verona. 
13. A culinary symbol of successful multicultural-
ism for some, a supposed proof of rampant Is-
lamisation for others, the doner kebab is a social
phenomenon and a revealing mirror for issues of
identity and political divisions in today’s Euro-
pean societies. l
to track to to associate with / to argue to assert, to
13. some certain people / rampant uncontrolled /
division difference in opinion, schism, rift.
SUR LE BOUT DE LA LANGUE
Notez les différents
sens de "issue" :
a political issue (§ 1) une question,
un problème
the issue of a book la publication,
parution, sortie
in this issue of Vocable dans ce
numéro
issue of stamps, coins émission,
mise en circulation
he died without issue sans
progéniture
the final issue of the discussions le
résultat final
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Marie Stuart
R
eine dÉcosse
’

© 2019. Universal Studios. Tous droits réservés.

ACTUELLEMENT
EN BLU-RAY et DVD
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VOCABLE Du 10 au 24 décembre 2015 • 15

 Retrouvez plus d’infos sur www.vocable.fr
e
Brèves d
société

le chiffre de la quinzaine

(Pixabay)
According to a poll of more than
3,000 American residents, Los
Angeles is the most stressful city in
the U.S. 76% of those living in the
City of Angels feel at least
“somewhat stressed” every day.

(Istock)
The entertainment complex
Hollywood and Highland Centre
New residents wanted was named as the city’s least
relaxing spot.
The Irish island of Arranmore, home to 469 inhabitants, is recruiting new resi- according to as stated by, reported by /
poll survey, study of public opinion /
dents to help boost its dwindling population. Islanders have started to write open stressful causing stress / at least as a
letters to people in the United States and Australia, asking them to consider mov- minimum / somewhat a little bit, rather /
entertainment form of amusement or
ing there. Located off the northwest coast of County Donegal, Arranmore boasts recreation / spot place.
Instagram-worthy clifftops, pristine beaches, a close-knit community and... high-
speed Internet! Community leaders, who opened a shared digital workspace a
few months ago, hope this will appeal to remote workers. “We’re the most con-
nected island in the world,” Adrian Begley, of Arranmore Island Community
Council, told CNN. “So we wanted to send a letter to the rest of the world to say
we’re here, we’re open for business.”
inhabitant resident / dwindling in decline / to consider to reflect upon, envisage / off = off the coast of / to boast
here, to possess with pride / worthy deserving, good enough (for) / clifftop highest point of a cliff / pristine immaculate,
unspoiled / close-knit unified, where everyone knows each other / high-speed very fast / shared held in common / to
appeal to to interest, attract / remote at a distance, here, telecommuter, teleworker.

Coco Pops beers (Pixabay)

Cereal company Kellogg’s has

partnered with Salford Brewery Seven
Bro7hers to release a beer made from
leftover cornflakes in the U.K. Its “less-
than-perfect” Rice Krispies and Coco
Pops are now used to replace malted
barley in beers, instead of being
discarded. The new drinks are
available for purchase in locations
that already stock this brand.
to release here, to make available, to put on
the market / leftover here, the bi-product of a
process / barley a type of grass used for food /
to discard to throw away / available
accessible, at one’s disposal / purchase (for)
(Pixabay)
Hedgehog road sign
A new hedgehog road sign was launched in the
U.K. by the country’s transport secretary, Chris
Grayling, and will soon be placed on roads
where accident rates are the highest. The new
signage is also designed to reverse the decline
in small wildlife numbers, especially
hedgehogs, whose numbers have more than
halved in the countryside since 2000.
hedgehog (U.S) porcupine, Erinaceus europeaeus,
relatively large rodent with sharp erectile bristles
mingled with fur / rate level, percentage / to be

buying / location here, store, shop / brand designed to to have as an objective / wildlife wild
trademark. animals, fauna / to halve to reduce by fifty percent /
countryside rural area.

16 • VOCABLE Du 11 juillet au 4 septembre 2019

 www.vocable.fr

PRATIC’ABLE
Vocabulaire, expressions et astuces pour parler comme un Anglais…

AUGUSTIN HABRAN

La plage
Voici venu le temps des vacances. Si vous optez pour
la Grande Bleue cette année, cette page est faite pour
vous !

Vocabulaire clé
ball ballon rock rocher
bask in the sun lézarder au sailboard, windsurf board
soleil planche à voile

(ISTOCK)
bathe se baigner sailing boat voilier
beach plage sand sable
boat bateau sandcastle château de sable
buoy bouée scuba tuba Retrouvez cette fiche de vocabulaire lue sur le CD
cap casquette lecture et son commentaire sur la partie basique du
scuba diving plongée CD conversation.
coastguard (UK), sous-marine CD audio ou téléchargement MP3
beachguard (US) sauveteur sea mer
crab crabe
seafood fruits de mer
fish poisson
seagull mouette Bon à savoir
flippers palmes
seashell coquillage
hat chapeau Les Américains étant en général très puritains, il est
shovel pelle interdit de faire du topless sur les plages. Les femmes
ice cream glace, crème
glacée snorkeling plongée libre ne seront autorisées à bronzer seins nus que sur les plages
sun lotion, sun cream crème réservées aux nudistes.
kite cerf-volant
solaire Si vous allez en Californie, vous risquez d’être un peu déçu
lighthouse phare
sunbathe prendre un bain de car l’eau y est plutôt froide. Dans l’eau, on voit surtout des
pail, bucket seau surfeurs en combinaison.
soleil
parasol, beach umbrella En Cornouailles, dans le Sud-est de l’Angleterre, vous
parasol sunburn coup de soleil
trouverez des plages magnifiques (et un certain
pebble beach plage de sunglasses lunettes de soleil microclimat). Dans la plupart des villes balnéaires, vous
galets suntanned bronzé verrez de magnifiques jetées tout à fait typiques.
racket raquette towel serviette Si vous allez sur les plages anglaises et que vous avez envie
rake râteau water skiing ski nautique d’une glace, ne manquez pas de l’agrémenter d’un ou deux
resort lieu de villégiature wave vague
Flake, petites barres chocolatées très populaires au
Royaume-Uni plantées directement dans la crème glacée.

Expressions à retenir Testez-vous

Avoid exposure to sunlight between 10am and 4pm. Évitez de
vous exposer au soleil entre 10h et 16h.
No littering. Ne déposez aucun déchet.
Lifeguard on duty. Baignade surveillée.
Swimming at your own risk. Baignade à vos risques et périls.
Dogs are not allowed on the beach. Les chiens ne sont pas admis
sur la plage.
Watch for rip current. Attention aux lames de fond.
Don’t forget to hydrate. N’oubliez pas de vous hydrater.
Would you rather stay in the sun or in the shade? Tu préfères
rester au soleil ou à l’ombre ?
Trouvez l’intrus dans chacune des listes
suivantes :
1) a- sandcastle b- pail c- rake d- towel
2) a- wind b- cream c- sunburn d- blister
3) a- snorkeling b- shovel c- goggles d- scuba
4) a- whelk b- oyster c- jellyfish d- fly
5) a- sleep b- nap c- slumber d- chat
SOLUTIONS : 1-d ; 2-a ; 3-b ; 4-d ; 5-d.

VOCABLE Du 11 juillet au 4 septembre 2019 • 17

PRATIC’ABLE  / Grammaire

JOAN GREENWOOD

Révisions de fin d'année scolaire

Avant de partir en vacances, vérifiez que vous avez bien assimilé les points de grammaire abordés dans les
numéros de Vocable de cette année (numéros 793 à 805).

1 D
 écidez si c’est (a) ou (b) qui 4 Forme active ou forme passive ?
correspond le mieux au mot surligné. 14. T
 he investigation has been going on for months.  Active  Passive
1. Visitors can peruse his collection. 15. T
 hree policemen were sent to investigate.  Active  Passive
(a) are able to (b) it sometimes happens
2. That can be hard to achieve.
SOLUTIONS : 14. active 15. passive

(a) are able to (b) it sometimes happens

3. That could be an opportunity for Europe to step in.
(a) was able to (b) possible consequence 5 Complétez les questions.
4. We realised we could take it anywhere we wanted to. 16. .................... office shall we meet in? 18. .................... times a week do you train?
(a) were able to (b) possible action 17. .................... shall I send the report to? 19. .................... does it take you to get there?
5. You should invite Harry.
(a) advice (b) obligation
SOLUTIONS : 16. whose/which 17. who 18. How many 19. How long

6. He must be enjoying himself. He wants to stay.

(a) obligation (b) imagining the reason
6 I, me, myself, my ou mine ?
7. I would help if I could.
(a) offering to do something (b) conditional 20. L et me introduce you to a very good friend of ................ .
8. He would smoke a cigar after lunch. 21. I didn’t have lessons. I taught ................ .
(a) wanted to (b) repeated habit in the past
SOLUTIONS : 20. mine 21. myself
SOLUTIONS : 1-a ; 2-b ; 3-b ; 4-a ; 5-a ; 6-b ; 7-b ; 8-b.

7 Complétez avec who, which, that et indiquez s’il est

2 C
 omplétez avec used to + infinitif ou possible de les omettre (Ø).
used to + gérondif en utilisant le 22. T
 he meeting, .................... lasted 2 hours, didn’t solve any problems.
verbe entre parenthèses. 23. The man .................... I introduced you to at Karen’s party is now head of research.
9. We ................................... with foreigners. This is an 24. Peter, .................... I hadn’t seen since for ages, suddenly turned up without an
international company so we are in constant contact invitation.
with people all over the world. (work)
10. Clients ................................... us all wonderful presents at
SOLUTIONS : 22. that/which 23. who/that/Ø 24. who

the end of the year but it’s company policy now not to
accept them. (give)
8 Corrigez ces phrases.
SOLUTIONS : 9. are used to working 10. used to give
25. She has been also to Spain.
26. They in addition visited Rome and Venice.
27. We travelled round Argentina as well that Chile.
3 C
 omplétez avec des adjectifs ou
adverbes à la forme comparative ou SOLUTIONS : 25. She has also been 26. In addition they visited. 27. Argentina as well as Chile.
superlative.
11. J ohn is ............................... person I have ever worked with.
(reliable) 9 Et pour terminer, quelques verbes irréguliers à
12. People are ............................... in his life than in his conjuguer au prétérit !
artwork. (interested) 28. T he sun …................... every day
13. T  hey progressed ............................... than the rest of the 29. I …................. shorts and a T-shirt all through the holiday.
team. (slow) 30. W e …................... in some fabulous restaurants.
SOLUTIONS : 11. the most reliable 12. more interested 13. more slowly SOLUTIONS : 28. shone 29. wore 30. ate

18 • VOCABLE Du 11 juillet au 4 septembre 2019

 / Prononciation & Orthographe Retrouvez plus d’infos sur www.vocable.fr

Soignez votre orthographe

Le saviez-vous ?
Une île “inhabited” est une île
habitée.
Lorsqu’une île est

Retrouvez Yves Cotten sur et-compagnie.blogspot.fr

“uninhabited” elle est
inhabitée !
Les habitants sont donc, en
anglais, des “inhabitants”.
(Voir l’article page 7 § 5)

1 Trouvez les 10 fautes

d’orthographe cachées dans
ce texte.

Wigtown, Scotlands National Book

Town and celebrated for its anual
book festival, is one of the hilights
2 Tendez l'oreille.
of the route. Sandy is it’s most
Triez les mots selon que l’on prononce, ou pas, le C placé après le S.
regular and most colourfull scabies scenery sclerosis scientific school scratch scissors
(literaly and figurativly) customer. scream scatological schizophrenia scavenger scythe sciatica
scintillating scent sceptre scenario scholastic
The Bookshop is labyrinthin and
S (On ne prononce pas le C) K (On prononce le C comme un K)
atmospherique, home to 100,000
………………………… …………………………
second-hand books and allmost as ………………………… …………………………

many first-class nooks. ………………………… …………………………

………………………… …………………………
………………………… …………………………
………………………… …………………………
literally, figuratively, labyrinthine, atmospheric, almost
SOLUTIONS : Scotland’s, annual, highlights, its, colourful,
………………………… …………………………
………………………… …………………………
………………………… …………………………

s ur www.vocable.fr K  scabies, school, sclerosis, scratch, scream, scatological, schizophrenia, scavenger, scholastic
Retrouvez beaucoup plus d'exercices de SOLUTIONS : S  scenery, scientific, scissors, scythe, sciatica, scintillating, scent, sceptre, scenario
grammaire, d'orthographe et de culture
générale sur notre site internet !

VOCABLE Du 11 juillet au 4 septembre 2019 • 19

PRATIC’ABLE  / Vocabulaire www.vocable.fr

Jeux de mots
A retenir
1 Bonnes vacances mais protégez-vous !
1 5 mots à mémoriser
2   dans ce numéro
   
breathtaking
3                  
   
époustouflant
4   5   landscapes
6             paysages
     
cliffs
7      
      8   falaises
        a choppy sea
        une mer agitée
  9            
an overcast sky
   
    un ciel couvert
10               1. Remember to drink plenty of this.
  2. T o do this just lie on the beach in the sun.
3. Protect your body by regularly applying this. L'expression idiomatique
4. Wear these to protect your eyes.
5. Y ou’ll get this if you forget to put on 3. across / 7. down. Dans l’article page 32, on parle
6. T he American term for 4. down.
de l’intelligence des baleines.
7. Another word for 3. across.
8. Wear this to protect your head. Voici quelques expressions
9. You can proudly show this to your friends if you’ve taken the right precautions.
comprenant le mot
10. P  ut this up on the beach to protect the whole family.
« baleine » :
9. suntan 10. parasol
SOLUTIONS : 1. water 2. sunbathe 3. sun lotion 4. sunglasses 5. sunburn 6. shades 7. sun cream 8. hat
we had a whale of a time
on s’est drôlement bien
2 Retrouvez le vocabulaire des vacances. amusé
Les consonnes (sauf la première lettre) ont été remplacées par des soleils ( ☼ ).
a whale of a difference une
Voici les consonnes manquantes :
bcccccdddggggghkkkkllllllllmmmmm sacrée différence
nnnnnnnnpppprrrsssssssstttttvvwww a whale of a lot of ... 
s☼i☼☼i☼☼ ☼o☼☼u☼e sa☼☼ ☼a☼☼☼e☼ vachement de ..., une sacrée
s☼i☼☼i☼☼ ☼☼u☼☼☼ wa☼e☼
to☼e☼ ro☼☼ ☼oo☼☼
quantité de ...
f☼i☼☼e☼☼ s☼e☼☼☼
bu☼☼e☼ s☼u☼a ☼i☼i☼☼
s☼a☼e s☼o☼☼e☼i☼☼
ki☼e sai☼i☼☼
sur www.vocable.fr
rock pools, shells, scuba diving, snorkeling, sailing Retrouvez beaucoup plus d'exercices de
SOLUTIONS : swimming costume, swimming trunks, towel, flippers, bucket, spade, kite, sand castles, waves, grammaire, d'orthographe et de culture
générale sur notre site internet !

Ne manquez pas dans le prochain numéro la nouvelle page PRATIC’ABLE : Déménager

20 • VOCABLE Du 11 juillet au 4 septembre 2019

 À 360°
Le tour du monde en V.O.
Retrouvez plus d’infos sur www.vocable.fr

(Pixabay)
Avocado frenzy
In the Mexican state of Michoacán,
organized crime groups have a new target
of choice: avocado trucks. Up to four trucks
carrying avocados are now stolen every day.
These violent groups are taking advantage
of American consumers’ seemingly
insatiable appetite for the fruit, as 80% of

(SIPA)
US avocado imports come from Michoacán.
frenzy state of wild excitement / target desired

Japanese names
objective / truck (US) = lorry (GB) large van / to
take, took, taken advantage of to benefit from /
seemingly apparently.
Japan’s foreign minister, Taro Kono, is planning to ask the foreign media to use
the family name first when writing Japanese names, as is customary in the Japa-
nese language. He brought up the topic for the first time in the end of May, when
he revealed that the country’s prime minister had been wrongly identified as
“Shinzo Abe” instead of “Abe Shinzo” by international media organisations since
he first took office 13 years ago. Japanese names are customarily written with the
family name first and the given name second, but in English they are written in
the reverse.
foreign cabinet minister responsible for diplomatic relations with other countries / customary traditional, usual / to
bring, brought, brought up to raise, mention / topic subject / to take, took, taken office to start one’s duties / given
name first name / reverse opposite.

Cat filter

(SIPA)
Last month, Shaukat
Yousafzai, a Pakistani
veteran journalist and Immigrant mayor
politician member of the PTI Octavian Ursu, a 51-year-old Romanian
party, held a live stream immigrant and classical trumpeter, has
press conference that turned been elected mayor of Goerlitz, a small
into farce. He was giving a town in eastern Germany. The CDU
briefing to reporters in candidate teamed up with the Greens and
Peshawar - the event was the Left party (who agreed to withdraw
streamed live on Facebook - their candidates and support him) to beat
when a member of his social the far-right AfD candidate, Sebastian
media team inadvertently Wippel, in a tight second-round. With only
switched on the cat filter. 44.9% of the vote, the AfD lost its first
(DR)

Unaware of it, the politician mayoral contest.

carried on with superimposed pink ears and whiskers on his face. The video was deleted minutes
after the press conference, which didn’t prevent Party followers from posting jokes about mayor head of a local government / trumpeter
the blunder. trumpet player / CDU = Chrislich-Demokratische
Union Christian Democratic Union / to withdraw,
veteran long-serving and experienced / PTI = Pakistan Tehreek-e-Insaf Movement of Pakistan for justice / to hold, drew, drawn to remove, disengage / to support to
held, held to organise / live stream direct and continuous filmed images in real time via webcams / social media back, to endorse, to be behind / far-right extreme-
social networks / to switch on to turn on / to be unaware of not to know, realise / to carry on to continue / whisker right / AfD = Alternative für
long hairs on the sides of a cat’s mouth / to delete to remove, erase / to prevent from (+ger.) to stop sth from / Deutschland Alternative for Germany / tight close /
blunder mistake, error. round series of votes in an election / contest
competition, here, election.

VOCABLE Du 11 juillet au 4 septembre 2019 • 21

Enjeux I Politique I ETATS-UNIS I  B2-C1

LOS ANGELES TIMES MARK Z. BARABAK

WHAT'S IN A NAME?
The importance of the name
As Donald Trump launches his reelection campaign for 2020, the Democrats are already up and running, with no less than
twenty-four candidates vying for nomination. To understand their differences, simply look at how they present themselves to
the greater public. Follow our guide to deconstructing the marketing policy of the various candidates.

C ome, gather round and meet the 2020

Democratic candidates for president:
There’s Amy, Cory, Beto, Bernie, Pete. And Biden,
Inslee, Warren. Also Tim Ryan, Eric Swalwell
CAMPAIGN LOGO
4. “A logo is the thing most people will see over
and over again,” said Lisa Tucker, a strategist for
four-term California Rep. Swalwell. (“He’s not
Democratic nomination) speaks to the unvar-
nished nature of the candidate with the slouch-
ing posture, mussy hair and prickly manner. “It
fits Sanders’ personality in terms of who is he,”
and Kamala Harris For The People.  Cher, or anything like that,” she said explaining said Mark Longabaugh, a media strategist for
why plain-old “Eric” wouldn’t do.) “It will be on the senator’s 2016 campaign. “He’s not a person
2. Set aside the split over Medicare for All, or all your materials, generally in every shot of your who’s particularly fussy about his appearance.
which of the White House candidate at every event,” He’s focused on the issues and substance. He’s
contestants has the most Tucker continued. “It’s some- not a pretentious politician. That’s one of his
fully realized plan to fight thing that you give a lot of strengths.” 
climate change. One of the “A logo is the thought to because (visually)
starker divisions in the thing most it’s the most important thing 7. Kamala Harris For The People — not “Kamala,”
sprawling Democratic field is
how candidates present them-
people will see besides your candidate’s face.”  not “Harris” — highlights the California senator’s
background as a state and local prosecutor, a
selves — a friendly first name, over and over 5. Professionals, of both the central part of her political identity, by quoting
a no-nonsense last name, or again.” political and marketing the words she used when rising to speak in court.
both first and last — in their stripe, agree on what makes “It was important to have that slogan … visible
logos, on their campaign web- an effective campaign logo. to people,” said Ian Sams, a campaign spokes-
sites and in other promotional materials.  The best, they said, communicate the basics man. 
— a name, of course, and some inkling of the
3. Nomenclature won’t decide who wins the office a candidate is seeking — but ideally 8. Separately, the typography and red-yellow-
crowded primary. A logo may say little, if any- project a good deal more. Successful political blue color scheme of Harris’ logo pay homage to
thing at all, about how an individual would branding reinforces individuality or what de- the 1972 campaign of Shirley Chisholm, the first
govern as president. But those seeking political fines a candidate, whatever that may be,” said black woman to run as a major-party candidate
office and the consultants who advise them Susan Merriam, a brand strategist and de- for president, while at the same time reflecting
often go to great — sometimes excruciating — signer in New York, who co-founded the non- the bid by Harris, who is biracial, to make his-
lengths deciding how best to brand a candidate partisan Center for American Politics and De- tory as the first woman president.
for strategic purposes. It’s no frivolous decision.  sign. 

“BERNIE” AND “KAMALA HAR- nomination act of appointing, selecting an official

1. to gather round to come together, sit or stand in a
group.
2. to set, set, set aside to ignore for the moment / split
division, difference of opinion / over about, on the subject
of / Medicare for All medical cover for the entire
population / White House contestant U.S. presidential
candidate / stark distinct / to sprawl to extend, spread
out / field here, list, party / no-nonsense serious / both
at the same time / material here, information, support.
3. crowded with many candidates / primary a
preliminary election by voters of a political party to select a
candidate for office / if here, or even / to seek, sought,
sought to try (to achieve) / office position, here
presidency / to advise to counsel / to go, went, gone to
great lengths to work very hard to accomplish sth /
excruciating extreme, unimaginable / to brand to name
/ purpose reason, objective / frivolous light, easy,
inconsequential.
RIS FOR THE PEOPLE”
6. Plain-old Bernie (as in the Vermont independ-
ent who battled Hillary Clinton in 2016 for the
4. over and over again constantly / term period in office
/ plain-old simply / [it] wouldn’t do would not work /
shot photo / to give, gave, given a lot of thought to to
reflect upon / besides apart from.
5. stripe field, domain / to make, made, made to
constitute / inkling vague idea / to project to imply,
suggest / a good deal a lot / to co-found to create an
organisation with another person / nonpartisan neutral,
impartial, apolitical.
6. as in with reference to / to battle to be a rival of /
candidate for sth / unvarnished straight to the point,
direct / to slouch to bend forward / mussy messy /
prickly irritable / manner attitude / to fit to correspond
to / fussy to be concerned, anxious about / to be focused
on to be concentrated on / issue problem.
7. to highlight to emphasise, draw attention to /
background history, experience / prosecutor lawyer who
leads the case against a defendant, representing the state
/ to quote to cite, make reference to / to rise, rose, risen
to stand up, get up / spokesman person who speaks for
an organisation.
8. color scheme combination of colours / to pay, paid,
paid homage to to reference, relate to / to run, ran, run
here, to be a candidate in / while at the same time and,
simultaneously / bid attempt / to make, made, made
history to set a precedent, enter the history books.

22 • VOCABLE Du 11 juillet au 4 septembre 2019  facile A2-B1 /  moyen B2-C1 /  difficile C1-C2

Sen. Bernie Sanders (I-Vt.) speaks during a rally in Henderson, Nev., March 16,
2019. (Bridget Bennett/The New York Times)
Supporters of Sen. Kirsten Gillibrand, D-N.Y., at the kickoff of her presidential
campaign, March 24, 2019. (SIPA)
OTHER CANDIDATES
9. Other candidates employ their own optical
cues. New York Sen. Kirsten Gillibrand, whose
gender is key to her candidacy, threads pink
through her website and presidential logo.
Washington Gov. Jay Inslee incorporates a styl-
ized image of planet Earth, a reminder that cli-
mate change is the focus of his campaign. (Biden
— as in Joe Biden, the former vice president —
offers little beyond his surname and the office
he’s pursuing. Consider it the front-runner’s
prerogative, or at least the recognition that comes
from being in public life for half a century.)
9. own individual / optical visual / cue here, distinctive
sign, signal / gender sexual identity / candidacy
candidature, political campaign / to thread through to
insert, integrate / reminder sth that prompts memories /
former ex- / to offer to provide, represent / beyond
apart from, other than / surname family name / to
pursue to attempt to achieve / to consider here, to see it
as / front-runner favourite, leading candidate / at least
at any rate / recognition acknowledgement / half a
century fifty years.
Téléchargez l’appli Vocable offerte à nos abonnés ! www.vocable.fr/applimobile
Sen. Kamala Harris, of California, launches her presidential campaign at a rally
in Oakland, January 27, 2019. (SIPA)
Former Vice President Joe Biden campaigns in Davenport, Iowa, June 11, 2019.
(Rachel Mummey/The New York Times)
PASSIONATE DEBATES general consultants, hangers-on. Everyone feels
10. In a business that requires much in the way a need to weigh in.” l
of negotiation and compromise, several political
professionals said the design discussion is one
hanger-on parasite / to weigh in to give one’s opinion.
they suffer grudgingly, as it often seems to spark
some of the most passionate internal debate. The
approachability of a first name? The authority
of just the last? 
11. “It’s grueling,” said Fred Davis, a veteran Re-
publican image-maker. “There are too many SUR LE BOUT DE LA LANGUE
decision-makers. The candidate, the wife or
husband of the candidate. Then the kitchen "They project a good
cabinet and then the family. The campaign team,
deal more" (§ 5)
L'accent tonique se place
10. passionate intense, heated / business here, area, différemment selon la fonction
domain / in the way of in terms of / to suffer to endure, du mot :
experience / grudgingly unenthusiastically, unwillingly /
as given that, while / to seem to appear / to spark to to project (verb) a project (noun)
provoke / approachability accessibility. to conduct (verb) conduct (noun)
11. grueling exhausting / veteran very experienced to produce (verb) produce (noun)
professional / decision-maker decider / wife spouse /
husband spouse / kitchen cabinet kitchen cupboard / to record (verb) record (noun)
VOCABLE Du 11 juillet au 4 septembre 2019 • 23
Enjeux I Économie I ROYAUME-UNI I  B2-C1
SUPPLÉMENT VIDÉO
Birmingham
Découvrez le reportage vidéo sur le plus grand magasin
Primark du monde, qui a ouvert ses portes à Birmingham
en avril dernier, et testez votre compréhension sur
www.vocable.fr/videos-anglais

Primark outlet in Chelmsford, Essex. (High Level/REX/Shutterstock/SIPA)

THE GUARDIAN GABY HINSLIFF

PRIMARK: CHEAP AND CHEERFUL

Primark's cheap chic (cheerful happy)
Primark is doing better than ever. The Irish company specialising in low prices clothes is now well established in the United
Kingdom, where it is enjoying very healthy profits. While other major British ready-to-wear groups are collapsing – starting with
the emblematic Debenhams – Primark is expanding, just having opened the largest clothes store in the world, in Birmingham.
Recipe for unparalleled success.

O n a sunny morning in Birmingham

city centre, Charlene Powell is stand-
ing guard over four carrier bags. They are not all
hers, she says hastily. She has come shopping with
her mum, but between them they have done well
out of their trip to the city’s new Primark megas-
tore, a five-floor retail palace that was named by
Guinness World Records as the biggest clothing
store in the world when it was unveiled in April.
find some bits and pieces for that. And I’ve got
some bits for my son because they sell all the
Fortnite stuff in there,” says the 30-year-old from
Kidderminster. Charlene hasn’t shopped in Pri-
“I’m going on a hen night, so I’ve been trying to mark much before, but she is coming back. 

1. to stand, stood, stood guard over to be next to and megastore big shop / -floor -level, -storey / retail bits and pieces various small things / stuff things,
watch over / carrier (bag) shopping bag / hastily quickly shopping / clothing clothes, fashion / to unveil to open, clothes, merchandise.
/ to do, did, done well out of to have a successful time to inaugurate / hen night (= party) party for a woman
(during) / who is going to get married /

24 • VOCABLE Du 11 juillet au 4 septembre 2019  facile A2-B1 /  moyen B2-C1 /  difficile C1-C2

2. Judging by the number of branded brown paper
bags swinging from arms or hooked over push-
chair handles in Birmingham city centre, she is
not alone. If the high street is dying, then Pri-
mark, which celebrated 50 years in business in
June, appears to be immortal. Sales rose by 4% in
the six months to March, even as established
brands, such as Debenhams and LK Bennett, were
going to the wall. And it is remarkable that the
biggest British fashion retailer in Britain by vol-
ume (if not by value) has done it all without ven-
turing into online shopping. If you want Primark,
you still have to get off the sofa and buy it – and
millions happily oblige.
“EXPERIENTIAL RETAIL”
3. Behind a sliding door at one end of a chang-
ing room lies the Birmingham store’s “snap-
and-share” room. Groups of friends can take in
as many clothes as they want, set the lighting
and music, and then film and photograph
themselves on their phones before uploading it
all to social media.  cide and fertiliser. For the festival season, the store analyst Richard Hyman. Having started in 1969
4. It is free marketing for Primark, essentially
using customers as influencers, but it is also
about putting sociability back into shopping. Hen
parties love it, but so, apparently, do gaggles of
older women, from a generation that grew up
killing hours messing around a Boots makeup
counter with their mates. The store is designed
to feel like somewhere you could linger on for
lunch or to get your nails done in the in-store
salon. Welcome to “experiential retail”, or shop-
ping reinvented for people who want to do more
than just click a button.
2. branded marked with a logo (here, the name of the
shop) / to swing, swung, swung to move from side to
side / to hook over to suspend on / pushchair baby
buggy, stroller / handle part of an object used to hold/
carry/open/push it / high street main shopping street in a
town / then in that case / to appear (to) to seem / to
rise, rose, risen to increase / even as while at the same
time / established well-known, reputable, famous / such
as like (for example)... / to go, went, gone to the wall to
go bankrupt / to venture into to start a business
enterprise in / to get, got, got off to leave, to get up from
/ to oblige to indulge, to do sth with enthusiasm.
3. sliding door automatic door / changing room space in
a shop for trying on clothes / to lie, lay, lain to be /
snap-and-share here, for taking photos and posting
them on social media / to set, set, set to arrange, to
adjust, to choose / to upload to put online.
4. customer client / to be about to be a question of / to
put, put, put back into to bring back, to reintegrate / so
[...] do... also / gaggle (noisy) group / to mess around to
play around, here, to look around and try various beauty
products / Boots large health/beauty/pharmacy chain in
the UK / makeup cosmetics / counter here, section of a
shop / mate friend / to design to plan out architecturally,
to organise / to linger on to wait around / to get, got,
got one’s nails done to have a manicure.
Une suggestion ? Ecrivez-nous sur monavis@vocable.fr
5. “When people say the high street is dying, actu- the branded brown paper carriers seems designed
ally the high street is continually innovating,” says to reassure. All of which leaves the perennial
Tim Kelly, the company’s director of new business question: if not by cutting corners, then how does
development. And while other brands are ex- Primark keep prices so low? 
perimenting along similar lines, getting custom-
ers physically through the doors matters for Pri- KEEPING PRICES LOW
mark because the economics of selling online are 8. Kelly says the secret lies in doing things differ-
not in its favour. When a £2.50 T-shirt could cost ently. “We don’t do big marketing campaigns,” he
three times that to deliver, it says. “We don’t have online
needs the customer to come to shopping, or the cost of a deliv-
the product, which means its “When people ery network that goes with it.
stores must be enticing. But say the high We save on small stuff – our
experiences are not the only packaging is quite simple –
thing Primark is trialling here.  street is dying, and we do believe that all the
actually the way through our supply chain
6. There is a recycling bin on high street is we do make a difference. Our
every floor, encouraging cus- focus has always been on our
tomers to deposit old clothes continually customer, on our pricing.” 
for recycling or resale. There innovating.”
are free water fountains, and a 9. It may sound suspiciously
new denim range made from like corporate greenwashing,
sustainable cotton grown with less water, pesti- but Primark is no cowboy operator, says the retail
is pushing eco-friendly glitter because the ordi- with one store in Dublin, where it is known as
nary kind creates plastic pollution. The message Penneys, it has grown its empire of 371 stores
is that you can still have fun with fashion, and across Britain, Europe and the US slowly and
they will take care of the guilt for you. cautiously. “It is a carefully managed business. It
would be easy to assume that it’s ‘pile-it-high,
ENVIRONMENTAL CONCERNS sell-it-cheap’. But it is not any of those things. It’s
7. When the House of Commons environmental careful about what it does, and it knows exactly
audit committee published a report on sustainable what it’s doing.” l
fashion last year, examining what big retailers
were doing to limit their impact on the environ-
to seem to appear / perennial perpetual, recurrent / to
ment, Primark was ranked alongside M&S in its cut, cut, cut corners to do sth in the quickest and least
top category for engaging with environmental expensive way.
concerns. Shoppers may not always have time to 8. network system of linked things / to save to
decipher labels, but they want to feel their brands economise / packaging materials used to wrap goods /
quite really / all the way through from the start to the
are ethical, and in Birmingham everything from finish of / supply chain distribution channel / focus
the “People. Respect. Planet” posters above tills to priority.
9. to sound to seem / suspiciously strangely, curiously,
dubiously / corporate greenwashing marketing to make a
5. actually in reality, in fact / while at the same time as / company appear more ecological than it really is / cowboy
along similar lines in a similar way / to get, got, got operator dishonest company with an unscrupulous way of
through the doors to convince sb to come into shops / to doing business / across all over / cautiously hesitatingly,
matter to be important / economics financial prudently / carefully with caution / to assume to suppose,
considerations / to deliver to transport (goods) to a client to presume / pile-it-high, sell-it-cheap selling large
/ enticing attractive / to trial to test. amounts of products at low prices.
6. bin container / denim made of the material used to
make jeans / range collection / sustainable ecological /
fertiliser substance with nitrates which makes soil more
fertile / to push to promote / eco-friendly ecological /
glitter miniscule pieces of sparkly decorative material / SUR LE BOUT DE LA LANGUE
ordinary regular, normal / kind sort / they will take care
of the guilt for you they will remove the feeling of
culpability for you. To go on a hen night /
7. concern worry, anxiety / (the) House of Commons to have a hen party
lower house of Parliament in the UK / report study / to
(§ 1) une soirée entre femmes ou
rank to class, to position / alongside next to / M&S =
Marks & Spencer major British chain of shops / to filles, surtout avant le mariage pour
engage with to become involved in / to decipher to enterrer sa vie de jeune fille
decode / label paper attached to a product with Et pour les hommes et les garçons,
information on it / above over / till cashbox to register on dira to have a stag night / a
transactions in a shop / stag party.
VOCABLE Du 11 juillet au 4 septembre 2019 • 25
Culture I Cinéma I ETATS-UNIS I  B2-C1

THE NEW YORK TIMES MANOHLA DARGIS

BRAD PITT AND LEONARDO

DICAPRIO INTERVIEW
Pitt, DiCaprio... and the latest Tarantino
Quentin Tarantino is back! In Once Upon A Time In... Hollywood, the
emblematic American director takes us back the Los Angeles of 1969
and its film industry during a period of major transformation. In
cinemas from 14 August, his new film features an exceptional cast
including Brad Pitt and Leonardo DiCaprio, who are working
together for the first time. Interview with the two cinema legends.

INTERVIEW WITH I had forgotten. We did watch Billy Jack, some

BRAD PITT / Tom Laughlin, just for fun. We were pretty much
LEONARDO DICAPRIO weaned on the same television and film. We
actors talked a lot about the stuntman-actor relation-
ship. I got to meet Bud Ekins, who was Steve
The New York Times: Did Tarantino show you McQueen’s. This was a legendary relationship.
movies to prepare for your roles? He did the jump for The Great Escape, got Steve
Brad Pitt (to DiCaprio): More you than me. McQueen into motorcycles. And, then, Burt
Leonardo DiCaprio: We had a screening of a Reynolds and Hal Needham. We got to talk to
multitude of B films that I had never heard of, a Burt. Originally he was going to play George
lot of 1960s television with actors like Ralph Spahn. We had rehearsals before he passed. I
Meeker and Ty Hardin. These guys could have was surprised what a joy that was and how
been McQueen-esque but didn’t make the tran- giving he was, and I was really moved by it.
sition from black and white television, espe-
cially westerns, to career-makers like The Great 3. N.Y. Times: Did you two hang out so you could
Escape. So it was almost like a love story to them.  develop your flow together?
L.D.: You come to Hollywood and you’re basi-
2. B.P.: I (remember) a lot of that television. In cally isolated and left to your own devices. (Rick
fact (Tarantino) reminded me of much of it that and Cliff) rely on this friendship for everything.
We immediately fell into those shoes. We un-
1. screening showing of a film / B film low-budget movie derstood that relationship (laughs) so quickly
which in the past accompanied the showing of a main film
in a cinema theatre / to be McQueen-esque here, with a
that on the first day, we were those guys.
career similar to that of Steve McQueen / career-maker
successful film which marked a turning point in an actor’s 4. B.P.: It was pretty automatic. We both came
career / The Great Escape (VF) La Grande Évasion.
on the scene around the same time, we have
2. to remind sb of sth to make a person think of sth /
crossed paths many times, we have the same

to wean on to spend one’s childhood with, to grow up

SUR LE BOUT DE LA LANGUE
"We had a screening of a
multitude of B films" (§ 1)
Un B film était à l'origine un long-
métrage tourné avec un petit budget,
distribué sans campagne publicitaire
et projeté en première partie d'un
double programme, très courant à
l'âge d'or d’Hollywood.
watching / stuntman person who replaces an actor in
dangerous scenes / to get, got, got to to be given the
opportunity to / jump sudden movement over a distance, leap
/ to get, got, got sb into to convince sb to become interested
in / originally initially / rehearsal practice session / to pass
to die / giving generous / moved touched (emotionally).
3. to hang, hung, hung out to spend time together socially, to
go out together / flow energy focus, immersion into a particular
mental zone (here, of a character) / basically essentially / to
be left to one’s own devices to be alone without help from
anyone else / to rely on to depend on / to fall, fell, fallen
into sb’s shoes to quickly and easily understand a certain Brad Pitt and Leonardo DiCaprio in
perspective / to laugh to express a sound of amusement. Once Upon A Time In... Hollywood.
(CTMG, Inc. All Rights Reserved.)
4. pretty really quite / to cross paths to meet (by chance) /

26 • VOCABLE Du 11 juillet au 4 septembre 2019  facile A2-B1 /  moyen B2-C1 /  difficile C1-C2
 Retrouvez plus d’infos dans la newsletter Vocable www.vocable.fr/newsletter
reference points. I’ve always felt that you don’t
understand the deal you’re making when sud-
denly you’re that lone gazelle on the plain and
the herd’s gone, so to speak. And, you know,
my friend here [he gestures toward DiCaprio]
has been the same. So there’s automatic com-
fort in having experienced the same thing in
that way. We have mutual respect, and I know
when an actor elevates a scene, so we carry
that respect.
5. N.Y. Times: Obviously Tarantino’s movies are
very written and his voice is very strong. Does it
take awhile to shake his voice out and fill in
yours?
L.D.: And hear your own, is that what you’re
saying? (Laughs) I suppose so. He is such an
absolute powerhouse of a personality, of course,
and an artist as well. But, look, he gives you real
ownership. (There are) beats that you need to hit.
But there are plenty of opportunities where once
you get into the groove, there can be a com-
pletely improvisational scene.
6. B.P.: You know when you have an altercation
in public or you put your foot in your mouth,
and you’re driving home and you think of that
witty thing that you wished you would have
said? His dialogue is that witty thing.
7. N.Y. Times: Rick Dalton is kind of like the Clint
Eastwood who doesn’t happen.
L.D.: He is the guy who almost got that shot —
and that’s what’s torturing my character. I grew
up in this industry, I have a lot of friends who
are actors, and there’s so much talent out there.
But it really boils down to being at the right place
at the right time.
to make, made, made a deal to commit to sth, to agree
to sth / lone only, solitary / plain prairie / herd group of
animals / so to speak metaphorically speaking / to
gesture to indicate, to point to sth / comfort reassurance
/ to experience to live / to elevate to aggrandise, to
magnify / to carry to have.
5. strong powerful / awhile some time / to shake,
shook, shaken out to remove sth by moving from side to
side very quickly, here, to free oneself / to fill in here, to
replace (with) / powerhouse person with a lot of power,
influence and energy / look here, all the same, I must add /
ownership here, responsibility / beat rhythm in music,
here, certain key moment / to hit, hit, hit to do
successfully / to get, got, got into the groove to enter
the spirit and be in harmony with the music/atmosphere.
6. to put, put, put one’s foot in one’s mouth to
unintentionally say sth tactless / witty amusing and
intelligent.
7. kind of like in a certain way similar to... / to happen here,
to become / character fictional person in a play/book/film
/ to grow, grew, grown up to develop as a child and
become an adult / industry here, film industry / out there
available / to boil down to to simply be a question of.
8. B.P.: We talk about this with streaming. With
streaming, we see so much talent that was al-
ways there. There are so many more opportuni-
ties. We’re seeing this wealth of actors, writers
and directors. And it just reminds us how lucky
we were to land where we landed.
9. N.Y. Times: I worry that so much seems
disposable.
B.P.: It may be. I’ve been really interested in
younger generations that cannot just sit in a
chair for the length of movie. They want their
information quicker. That may just be the chang-
ing of the times. I don’t know.
10. L.D.: I see positives in the fact that things and
ideas and story lines that normally studios might
not take a chance on, through these new stream-
ing services, will see the light of day. So cream
may rise to the top. What were people saying
about the transition from silent films to talkies
and the advent of television? There were all these
changes, but great art is going to be spoken about
and, hopefully, we don’t get so inundated that
we become confused. l
8. streaming tranmission of video/audio content over the
internet / wealth of abundance of / director person in
charge of making a film / lucky fortunate / to land to
arrive, to get to a certain place.
9. to worry to be concerned/anxious / disposable which
can be thrown away after use, easily replaced / length
duration / changing evolution / time era.
10. positive advantage / story line plot, story / to take,
took, taken a chance to take a risk / cream rises to the
top the best talent eventually becomes visible above the
rest / silent film film without any speaking / talkie film
with sound and speaking / advent arrival / great good /
inundated submerged / confused disoriented.
The movie
The story of Once Upon a Time… in
Hollywood takes place in 1969 Los Angeles
and unfolds over three days (February 8,
February 9 and August 8). Merging history
with fiction, it focuses on three main
characters: actor Rick Dalton (Leonardo
DiCaprio), a faded television actor who
failed to transition to movies and has
some alcohol issues, his best friend and
longtime stunt double, Cliff Booth (Brad
Pitt), and his neighbours, Sharon Tate
(Margot Robbie) and Roman Polanski.
once upon a time ref to traditional fairy tale
beginning / to take, took, taken place to happen,
occur / to unfold to develop / to merge to fuse,
mix, combine / to focus on to concentrate on /
main principal / faded in decline / to fail not to
succeed / issue problem / stunt double stand in,
body double, skilled replacement used for
dangerous film or video sequences.
VOCABLE Du 11 juillet au 4 septembre 2019 • 27
 Z om sur...
La personnalité de la quinzaine à la loupe
Quentin Tarantino
Quentin Tarantino’s latest film, Once Upon A Time In... Hollywood, part of the
official competition at Cannes in May, comes to our screens this summer. Here
is a resumé of the six most important films in the career of the cult director.
1 Reservoir Dogs
(1992)
(SIPA)
With Reservoir Dogs, Quentin Tarantino began his
career as an independent filmmaker. The
aestheticisation of violence, central to this neo-noir
crime thriller, and the nonlinear structure of the
story, became one of Tarantino’s trademarks.
Screened at the Sundance Film Festival, the movie
created quite a controversy over its depiction of
torture and became an immediate hit.
The story: Six men are hired to take part in a jewel
heist and are given colours as names to protect their
identities. But the heist goes terribly wrong.
aestheticisation making something visually acceptable or
intriguing / trademark here, characteristic / to screen to
(SIPA)
be broadcast (on the screen) / depiction representation /
to hire to employ / jewel precious stone / heist (originally
American slang) burglary, robbery, hold-up / to go, went,
gone wrong not to go as expected.
2 Pulp Fiction (1994)
Quentin Tarantino’s second movie, often
described as a touchstone of postmodern
filmmaking, is considered his masterpiece. It is the
first of his movies starring Uma Thurman, who he
described as his “muse.” It was awarded the Palme
d’Or at the Cannes Film Festival.
The story: Pulp Fiction follows three main
interrelated stories respectively centred on two mob
hit men (John Travolta and Samuel L. Jackson) and
a gangster’s wife (Uma Thurman), a boxer (Bruce
Willis), and a pair of diner bandits (Tim Roth and
Amanda Plummer).
touchstone reference
point, emblem /
masterpiece person’s
greatest piece of work /
starring in the principal
role / to award to give (as
a prize) / main principal,
chief / mob mafia, criminal
organisation / hit man
hired assassin / diner
inexpensive restaurant (ref
to the opening of the film).
28 • VOCABLE Du 11 juillet au 4 septembre 2019
3 Kill Bill
(2003 and 2004)
Originally conceived as one
movie, Kill Bill’s 4-hour plus running time
prompted its release in two parts. This
highly stylised movie assumes different
cinematic traditions such as Kung Fu films,
Japanese martial arts, Spaghetti Westerns and
Italian horror.
The story: The Bride (Uma Thurman), an
ex-professional assassin who is pregnant, is shot
and left for dead at her wedding by her former boss,
Bill (David Carradine). When she wakes up from the
coma, she sets out for revenge.
running time duration / to prompt to cause / to
assume to feature / bride woman getting married /
pregnant expecting a baby / former ex / to set, set,
set out for to leave in order to / revenge vengeance.
(SIPA)
to stem from to arise from, result from / to gross to earn
in sales receipts (before tax) / Civil War war in the US
4
between the North and South (1861-1865) / to set, set,
Inglourious Basterds set out to to undertake to / owner proprietor / bounty
(2009) hunter person who hunts criminals for money.
The movie tells an alternative history story.
It is heavily influenced by French New Wave cinema,
Spaghetti Westerns and pre-war German cinema.
Tarantino spent over a decade writing the script.
6 Once Upon a Time… in
Hollywood (2019)
Tarantino’s upcoming movie is based on a
The story: During WWII, Lieutenant Aldo Raine true event: the Manson Family murders. It has
(Brad Pitt) organises a group of Jewish soldiers to premiered at this year’s Cannes Film Festival. It took
take down the leaders of The Third Reich. Tarantino, who lived in Los Angeles County most of
heavily considerably, greatly / decade period of ten years his life, five years to write the script.
/ script screenplay / WWII World War 2 / Jewish
belonging to the Jewish culture or religion / to take, took, The story: The movie is set in Los Angeles in 1969.
taken down to kill. Rick Dalton (Leonardo DiCaprio), former star of a
western TV series, and his longtime stunt double Cliff
5
Booth (Brad Pitt), are struggling to make it in a
Django Unchained Hollywood they don’t
(2012) recognise anymore. But Rick
This action-adventure movie stemmed has a famous next-door
from Tarantino’s desire to make a movie about neighbour…Sharon Tate
(Margot Robbie).
America’s “horrible past with slavery” but in the
style of a spaghetti western. It is Tarantino’s once upon a time ref to
highest-grossing film to date. traditional fairy tale
beginning / upcoming next /
The story: In the American Deep South, two years true event history, actual
before the beginning of the Civil War, a slave named
occurence / to premiere to
Django (Jamie Foxx) sets out to rescue his wife from show, present for the first
a brutal Mississippi plantation owner (Leonardo time / to be set in to take
DiCaprio), with the help of a German bounty hunter place in / to make, made,
(Christoph Waltz). made it to succeed.
 Échos
Brèves de culture
Retrouvez plus d’infos sur www.vocable.fr

(Netflix)
(Moviestore/REX Shutterstock/SIPA)
Stranger Things
video game
Netflix and Finnish developer Next Games
are to release a video game based on the
streaming platform’s hit series Stranger
Things. The free-to-play mobile game will

Hunger Games prequel

take place in the shadowy Upside Down
world featured in the series, and turn
people’s real-life location into a part of the
Suzanne Collins has announced she is writing a prequel to her best-selling dysto- game in a similar way to Pokémon Go. It is
pian trilogy, Hunger Games. The currently untitled novel will come out in May scheduled for release in 2020.
2020. The story will be set in Panem 64 years before the original trilogy. It will Finnish from Finland / to release to bring out, make
focus on the time after the so-called “Dark Days” failed rebellion. “With this book, available / hit successful, popular / to take, took,
taken place to happen, be set in / shadowy shady,
I wanted to explore the state of nature, who we are, and what we perceive is re- mysterious / to feature to appear / location area,
quired of our survival,” Collins said. The first three Hunger Games books – the place, geographical situation / to schedule to plan,
programme.
last of which was published in 2010 – have sold more than 100 million copies and
have been translated into more than 50 languages. They have also been adapted
into four successful movies starring Jennifer Lawrence, which have made almost
$3bn at the box office.
prequel film (or book) that comes after another and relates events that happened previously / currently at present,
at the moment / novel book, work of fiction / to be set in to take place in / to focus on to concentrate on / so-called
named, known as / failed unsuccessful / to be required of to be necessary for, needed for / copy here, book / to

(Valerio Mezzanotti/The New York Times)

translate to change into another language / starring in the principal role / bn = billion (one thousand million).

Gender balanced writers’ rooms

British channel ITV will no longer
commission comedy shows with all-
male writing teams. The announcement
was made by the broadcaster’s head of
comedy, Saskia Schuster, who said she
realised last year that “an awful lot of
[her] comedy entertainment shows [were] Richest female
made up of all-male writing teams.” “Too
often the writing room is not sensitively musician
run. It can be aggressive and slightly Rihanna has been named the world’s
(ITV/REX/SIPA)

bullying,” she added. ITV’s contracts have richest female musician by Forbes
been changed, and female writers hired to magazine. The 31-year-old singer’s worth
join the channel’s flagship shows such as is estimated at $600m, well ahead of
Celebability. Madonna, Céline Dion and Beyoncé. The
to balance here, to have an equal number of both genders / channel TV station / to commission to officially ask majority of her income comes from her
sb to do sth, to order / show TV programme, series / broadcaster television channel / entertainment leisure and partnership with French luxury brand LVMH.
amusement / sensitively with sensitivity, thoughtfulness / to run, ran, run to manage, conduct / slightly rather,
somewhat / to bully to intimidate, to act aggressively towards / to hire to employ, engage, take on / flagship beacon, worth fortune / ahead of in front of, here, above
first and most important, star. / income revenue / brand range of products,
trademark.

VOCABLE Du 11 juillet au 4 septembre 2019 • 29

Culture I Peinture I ETATS-UNIS I  B2-C1

THE OBSERVER MIRANDA SAWYER

THE RADICAL JOY

OF KEITH HARING
Portait of the ubiquitous artist from the 1980s

(Keith Haring / Pixabay)

Nearly thirty years after his death, the popular and socially committed art of Keith Haring continues to
fascinate; his stylised figures and flashy colours have not dated. To mark the occasion of a major
retrospective of his work at the Tate Liverpool (on to 10 November), a journalist from The Observer takes
a look back at the all too short career of this important American artist.

T hough he died in 1990, in many ways Keith

Haring is still alive. His art is everywhere.
There are Haring T-shirts, Haring shoes, Haring
chairs. Keith Haring’s work pops up all over the
place – his radiant baby, the barking dog, the
dancer, the three-eyed smiling face. Simple, cheer-
ful, upbeat, instantly recognisable. They make you
smile and they work like graffiti tags, small signi-
fiers that say “Keith woz here”. But Haring did
much more than provide cute cartoons. He was
publicly minded. His art faced outwards. He
wanted to inform, to start a conversation, to ques-
tion authority and convention, to represent the
oppressed. Those cute figures are political. 

ACCESSIBLE LANGUAGE
2. “Although his imagery is ubiquitous, he’s actu-
ally an artist that has been overlooked,” says
Darren Pih, co-curator of this month’s major Keith
Haring exhibition at Tate Liverpool. “People forget
that back in the 1980s, he was talking about so-
cially important issues: apartheid, Aids, environ-
mentalism, how capitalism increases inequality –
and he was using very accessible language.” 

3. Sometimes that language was direct, as in his

Crack Is Wack mural (on 128th Street in New
York), or the hundreds of specially designed post-
ers he gave out at anti-nuclear and anti-apartheid

1. though even if, although / work oeuvre, artistic creation /

to pop up to appear (in multiple places) / radiant happy,
luminous / to bark to make a noise like a dog / cheerful
happy, joyful / upbeat positive, enthusiastic, here, optimistic
/ signifier sign, indication of / woz = was / to provide to
offer / cute sweet, adorable, charming / to be publicly
minded to be thoughtful, aware of issues concerning human
rights, welfare of people, etc. / to face here, to be turned
towards / outwards towards the exterior / figure character.
2. ubiquitous omnipresent / actually in fact, in reality / to
overlook to ignore, neglect, here, underestimate / exhibition
display, show / issue problem, matter / Aids = Acquired
Immune Deficiency Syndrome / environmentalism ecology /
to increase to augment, raise.
3. wack (fam) bad, messed up, dumb / mural large wall
painting, fresco / to design to devise, create /
Keith Haring in his Broome Street apartment in New York, 1983. (SIPA)
30 • VOCABLE Du 11 juillet au 4 septembre 2019  facile A2-B1 /  moyen B2-C1 /  difficile C1-C2

rallies. Sometimes it was subtler: some of his
later works, when he knew he was dying, featured
broken birds, daggers, nails, nooses, blood. Always,
it was attractive, with an exuberance and joy that
spoke to people of all ages, all backgrounds. That
universal quality draws us to Haring’s work – but
can lead some to think that his art is superficial,
and easy to achieve. It isn’t. 
REAL-LIFE ART
4. Haring lived and worked in New York from
1978 until his death, aged 31, from an Aids-relat-
ed illness. In his final few years, he was invited
all over the world to make work, and if you want
to see some real-life Keith Haring art, you still
can. There is a mural in Pisa, on the side of the
church of Sant’Antonio, which he made in the
last year of his life. There is one at the Carmine
public swimming pool on Clarkson Street in
Greenwich Village, New York, painted by Haring
in one day in 1987. There is public work by Har-
ing in Philadelphia, San Francisco, Antwerp,
Berlin, Paris, Melbourne; on hospitals, at schools
(often made with children), in an LGBT com-
munity services centre.  politics and safe sex.  LEGACY
SOCIAL AWARENESS
5. His work is timeless, but it is rooted in
its time. The Reaganite 1980s have parallels
with today, with an anti-immigration, anti-
union, pro-guns, anti-abortion, go-USA
“entertainer” president in the White House.
Back then, young artists reacted, shaking
up the art establishment. A new post-War-
hol crew that included Haring, Scharf and
Jean-Michel Basquiat suddenly emerged,
making work that referenced what was
around them: clubbing, rap, street art, tel- (Haring Foundation / Collection
evision, high and low culture. They grabbed Noirmontartproduction, Paris)
attention, shows and sales. 
rally large political gathering, demonstration / subtle
delicate, refined / to feature to include, comprise /
dagger small knife / nail a small metal spike with a head
used for fastening / noose circle tied in one end of a rope
(here, for hanging people) / background origins, family,
sociocultural milieu / to draw, drew, drawn here, to
attract / to achieve to accomplish.
4. illness medical condition / side wall / Antwerp large
city in Belgium / LGBT  = lesbian, gay, bisexual,
transgender / community services centre local social
centre.
5. awareness consciousness (of a problem/situation) /
timeless eternal / to be rooted to have its origins in /
Reaganite ref to the politics of former U.S. president
Ronald Reagan (1981-1989) / anti-union against worker
syndicates / abortion termination of a pregnancy /
entertainer here, ref. to Reagan being a Hollywood actor
before entering politics and Trump being a TV reality show
host / to shake, shook, shaken up here, to change,
revolutionise / crew group / to reference to allude to,
refer to / to grab to capture, seize, here, attract / show
exhibition.
Téléchargez l’appli Vocable offerte à nos abonnés ! www.vocable.fr/applimobile
Crack is Wack by Keith Haring, a two-sided mural on 128th Street in New York. (Robert Wright/The New York Times)
6. But art institutions, especially museums, didn’t
know how to react to these upstarts and their
work. Neither did critics: some were supportive,
many were snide (Time’s Robert Hughes carica-
tured Haring as “Keith Boring”). There was a sense
among the stuffy that these young artists were
not to be taken seriously, and Haring’s likable
painting style meant that his art, though loved
by the public, was not “high” enough for the elite.
Plus, he collaborated with others too often; he was
too commercial; he would keep banging on about
His work
is
timeless,
but it is
rooted in
its time.
RENEWED INTEREST
7. Today, though, Haring paintings sell for mil-
lions. In 2016, Sotheby’s sold four Haring can-
vases, including the wonderful The Last Rainfor-
est, which he painted in 1989 when he knew he
was dying. The sale price was over £4m. And
there’s a renewed interest in the artistic era in
which Haring operated – that collaborative time
in New York where pop and rap and art met and
6. upstart just arrived, ambitious / supportive giving
support and solidarity, encouraging / snide denigrating,
disparaging, critical / boring uninteresting, dull / stuffy
formal, pretentious, here, from the art establishment /
lik(e)able accessible, generally pleasing / high here, noble
/ to bang on about to talk about a lot / safe protected.
7. though however / canvas here, painting / rainforest
tropical forest /
mixed, a time that started in the mid-to-late 70s
and ended, in essence, with a trio of deaths: first
Warhol in 1987, then Basquiat in 1988 and fi-
nally, Haring, in February 1990. In 2017, there
was a huge and highly successful Basquiat ex-
hibition, in London; around the same time,
MoMA in New York put on a show based around
Club 57, a small nightclub where artists and
musicians and performers would hang out in
the late 70s and early 80s. 
8. Haring died on 16 February 1990. During his
lifetime, he had almost 50 one-man shows. He
painted 45 murals. Since his death, his foundation
has supported hundreds of youth, community,
art, LGBT, safe sex and planned-parenthood pro-
jects. His work is held by MoMA, the Whitney,
the LA County Museum of Art, the Andy Warhol
Museum in Pittsburgh. And many, many people
own a Keith Haring badge. l
mid-to-late second half of / in essence essentially,
basically / huge major / MoMA = Museum of Modern Art /
to put, put, put on to organise / performer singer, artist,
actor, entertainer / to hang, hung, hung out to spend
time, here, to frequent, go to regularly.
8. legacy heritage / lifetime here, career / one-man
devoted entirely to one artist / to support to help
financially / planned-parenthood family planning / to
hold, held, held to have in one’s possession, (...his work
can be seen in...) / to own to possess.
SUR LE BOUT DE LA LANGUE
Comment parler d'un
époque passée ?
back then (§ 5) à cette époque
On peut également utiliser :
in those days
in the good old days
in days gone by
in bygone days
VOCABLE Du 11 juillet au 4 septembre 2019 • 31
Découverte
THE INDEPENDENT ASHLEY COATES
WHALE
INTELLIGENCE
The biggest brains in the animal world 
Whales and dolphins are not only among the most spectacular
animals in our oceans, these cetaceans are endowed with a rare
intelligence and highly defined social behaviour at such a level their
study presents a real challenge for scientists.
T
he divers and scientists lucky enough
to spend time among the world’s
whales often find themselves wondering what
is going on in the oversized brains of the sea’s
largest inhabitants. We know they have the
biggest brains in the animal kingdom, with a
sperm whale’s weighing more than five times
that of an average human brain. Their intelli-
gence is part of the reason they have proven to
be such successful animals. But what are they
doing with all that apparent brain power?  ability to communicate and navi-
SAVING LIVES
2. It was a question that came to the mind of
American scientist and conservationist Nan
Hauser during a very close encounter with a
humpback whale off the coast of the Cook Is-
lands in 2017. Humpbacks, a species of filter-
feeding whale that can weigh as much as 40
tons, usually leave scientists and other divers
alone but on this occasion, a male humpback
whale took an active interest in the scientist,
deliberately and persistently pushing her with
his pectoral fin for about 10 minutes.  humans. What motivates a whale to save a hu-
3. “I was prepared to lose my life,” Hauser later
told National Geographic. “I thought he was go-
1. diver person who swims underwater with special
breathing equipment / to wonder to ask oneself /
oversized enormous, unusually large / brain encephalon
organ / large big / inhabitant resident / kingdom world
/ sperm whale cachalot / average ordinary, normal / to
prove to reveal to be / successful efficient.
2. mind brain, thoughts / conservationist ecologist /
encounter face-to-face meeting / humpback whale large
whale which arches its back when it dives / off the coast
near to the coast of / species (inv.) type of animal/plant /
filter-feeding which feeds by filtering food particles from
water circulating through its system / alone in peace / fin
thin flat part of a fish used for swimming and balance.
32 • VOCABLE Du 11 juillet au 4 septembre 2019
I Zoologie I ÉTATS-UNIS I  B2-C1
A humpback whale. (SIPA)
ing to hit me and break my bones.” It was only says. “That is something we only discovered
when Hauser spotted the tail of a tiger shark that when we started to use imaging techniques.”
she realised what the whale was doing. Tiger Marino’s work with dolphins has included the
sharks are one of the few species of shark that publication of conclusive evidence that bottle-
do attack humans, and are known to be a menace nose dolphins can recognise themselves in a
to whales as well. For whatever reason, the whale mirror, putting themselves in the company of
appeared to have wanted to save Hauser and was only a few animals, including ourselves, a few
manoeuvring her out of the way of the shark. of the great apes, Asian elephants and magpies. 
The encounter was recorded on an underwater
camera, and later became a viral video.  6. One hallmark of a whale’s intelligence is its
4. This was not the only example gate underwater. A dolphin’s world
of humpback whales interfering This was not view is necessarily more acoustic
to save the lives of other species. the only than our own, with echolocation
These whales have been seen put- example of (sonar) providing a 3D map of their
ting themselves between oceanic humpback surroundings that is incorporated
predators, typically killer whales, into a visual image of their sur-
and other marine life, including whales roundings. “We might hear a
the calves of other whales, seals interfering to sound and remember a sound but
and sunfish. Dolphins (part of the save the lives of the way their brain works is echo-
same family that includes the other species. location mixing with the visual
large baleen whales) have been image, producing something like
known to help save drowning a hologram,” Marino says. 
man or a sunfish is unknown. It could be a form 7. How smart is a whale? We don’t know. But
of altruism, or the result of protective instincts the question itself seems to miss the point. “I
towards a calf, or the protection of a wider group.  don’t think we fully understand how intelligent
they are or the ways in which they are intelli-
COMPLICATED BRAIN gent,” Marino concludes. l
5. “Whales have a very, very complicated brain,”
Lori Marino, a renowned neuroscientist and
expert in animal behaviour and intelligence,
conclusive firm, decisive / evidence (inv.) proof /
bottlenose dolphin dolphin of the genus Tursiops / ape
3. to spot to see / tail elongated part at the back of some primate / magpie black and white bird with a long tail.
animals / tiger shark large voracious type of shark with a
6. hallmark distinctive characteristic / ability capacity /
striped/spotted body / to appear to seem / to record to film. own here, ours (human’s) / to provide to give, here, to
4. calf young animal, here, baby whale / seal aquatic show / surroundings immediate environment / to mix to
mammal / sunfish mola fish / baleen whale whalebone combine.
whale / to drown to die by suffocating in water / wide large. 7. smart intelligent / to miss the point to not
5. renowned eminent, distinguished / understand the most important part of sth.
 facile A2-B1 /  moyen B2-C1 /  difficile C1-C2
 Bons plans I Langues
PROGRESSER EN ANGLAIS GRÂCE À YOUTUBE
PAR TATIANA DILHAT
Enseignant d’anglais dans un collège en Bretagne, Stéven Huitorel a créé il y a 4 ans sa chaîne YouTube « Les tutos de Huito ».
Tous les quinze jours, il publie une vidéo où il propose de revoir les subtilités de la langue de Shakespeare avec clarté,
convivialité et un zeste d'humour. Aujourd’hui, il est devenu une véritable star sur YouTube avec plus de 140 000 abonnés et
plus de 7 millions de vues. Sa chaîne a obtenu en 2016 le Prix du Jury au forum de l’innovation pédagogique à Paris. Rencontre.
Vocable : Dans quelles circons-
tances avez-vous créé votre chaî-
ne YouTube ?
Stéven Huitorel : J’ai commencé
à publier des vidéos sur YouTube
initialement pour venir en aide à
mes élèves en difficulté. Beaucoup
se rendaient compte qu’ils n’avaient
pas les bases pour suivre en cours
et ils ne savaient pas vraiment par
où commencer. De mon côté, je ne
parvenais pas à leur apporter une
aide individuelle vraiment effica-
ce. Evidemment, cela m’arrivait
souvent de réexpliquer des notions
à la fin des cours mais ça n’était
clairement pas suffisant. Créer des
tutos sur mesure, en les stockant
sur une chaîne YouTube m’a sem-
blé une idée un peu farfelue, mais
réalisable. Plutôt que d’expliquer
une seule notion à un seul élève,
je pouvais désormais expliquer
une fois cette même notion, et la
rendre disponible à un maximum
de personnes. C’était le début de
l’aventure…
VO : Quel est le principe de la
chaîne ?
S.H. : La chaîne regroupe plus d’une
centaine de tutos, qui permettent
d’aider à mieux apprendre l’anglais.
Certaines vidéos traitent d’un point
de grammaire, d’autres expliquent
la prononciation des sons anglais,
d’autres sont plus axées sur des in-
terviews, ou sur un aspect culturel.
Elles s’adressent à toute personne
qui voudrait se mettre ou se remet-
tre à l’anglais. Le public est assez
large : de 7 à 77 ans, voire plus !
VO : Vous êtes tout seul pour les
réaliser ?
S.H. : Oui, comme beaucoup de
YouTubeurs, j’écris, je réalise et je
monte seul chez moi chacune de
Huito alias Stéven Huitorel. (DR)
mes vidéos (sauf quand je tourne
à l’étranger, comme récemment à
Jersey, où une petite équipe est ve-
nue me prêter main forte pendant
4 jours). Habituellement, un épiso-
de de 10 minutes représente géné-
ralement 6 ou 7 heures de travail.
VO : Utilisez-vous vos tutos com-
me outil pédagogique en classe ?
S.H. : J’utilise mes vidéos dans
le cadre de mon travail, mais je
n’oblige jamais mes élèves à aller
voir mes tutos ! Je les encourage à y
aller quand ils en ont besoin et très
souvent ils le font spontanément.
Parfois, j’utilise mes vidéos dans
le cadre de la classe inversée : les
élèves découvrent une notion par
la vidéo, nous nous entraînons en
classe, ou au contraire, la vidéo est
visionnée après le cours, pour que
l’élève puisse avoir un rappel, si
jamais il n’a pas bien compris pen-
dant le cours en présentiel. Disons
que c’est un bon complément, une
béquille !
L’avantage est que les élèves peu-
vent y accéder librement, gratuite-
ment, et à n’importe quel moment
de la journée, en fonction de leurs
besoins. YouTube est davantage
utilisé par les élèves dans un but
de divertissement, mais l’éducatif
se développe de plus en plus.
preuve d’originalité et de créativité
pour ne pas lasser, mais l’étude
d’une langue vivante est tellement
large, que les thèmes à aborder ne
manquent pas.
VO : Quel est selon vous le con-
cept le plus difficile à expliquer
en anglais ?
S.H. : L’utilisation du present per-
fect par rapport au preterit. Les
apprenants ont souvent du mal à
distinguer les deux, car le fonc-
VO : Quelles sont vos sources tionnement est différent de celui
d’inspiration ? du français. Sinon, c’est la pronon-
S.H. : Je passe énormément de ciation qui est assez complexe en
temps sur YouTube à titre person- anglais : une même combinaison
nel. Cela fait 10 ans que je n’ai plus de lettres peut se prononcer de plu-
de télé, et j’ai totalement changé sieurs façons, en fonction des mots,
mon rapport à l’audiovisuel. La ce n’est pas comme en espagnol ou
plupart des vidéos que je regarde en allemand, qui sont des langues
sont en anglais, en lien avec mes plus phonétiques.
passions (musique, voile…), je re-
garde aussi pas mal de talk-shows VO : Un conseil pour ceux qui ne
(Jimmy Kimmel, James Corden) ou sont pas « fluent » en anglais ?
de vloggers (Casey Neistat,…). De S.H. : Je conseille aux personnes
plus en plus de professeurs à tra- qui ont du mal en anglais de pren-
vers le monde publient des vidéos dre le temps de se forger des bases
qui m’aident à progresser dans ma solides, aussi en écoutant et en li-
pratique en tant qu’enseignant. sant des contenus en anglais adap-
tés à leur niveau (plusieurs sites
VO : Est-ce facile de se renouve- web sont tout à fait adéquats : BBC
ler à chaque épisode ? learning English, VOA learning
S.H. : Il n’est pas si difficile que English…).
cela de se renouveler. Il faut faire http://lestutosdehuito.com/
Stéven Huitorel est le parrain
de la première édition du Prix
bon
à savoir « Apprenez le monde »
attribué par la fondation
d’entreprise, Go&Live. Ce prix
destiné aux moins de 26 ans
distinguera des initiatives à dimension
internationale, dans les champs éducatifs, linguistiques, sportifs,
culturels, menées par des collégiens, lycéens, étudiants ou jeunes
adultes. Les projets doivent être soumis avant le 30 septembre et
le lauréat du Grand Prix bénéficiera d’une dotation de 10 000
euros pour contribuer à la réalisation de son projet, en France ou à
l’étranger. https://fondation.goandlive.org/
VOCABLE Du 11 juillet au 4 septembre 2019 • 33
Les sorties Retrouvez plus de coups de cœur sur www.vocable.fr

sur www.vocable.fr jouez et gagnez...

Des entrées pour des films et des expositions, des CD et des DVD, des romans, des voyages…

EXPOSITION
ROCKWELL, ROOSEVELT &
LES QUATRE LIBERTÉS
À l’occasion du 75e
anniversaire du
débarquement
allié, le Mémorial
de Caen présente,
en partenariat
avec le Musée
Norman Rockwell
de Stockbridge,
dans le
Massachusetts,
une exposition
exceptionnelle
dédiée à
l’emblématique
peintre et
illustrateur
américain. La
première partie de l’exposition est consacrée à
l’engagement de Norman Rockwell en faveur de l’effort
de guerre des États-Unis et comprend la célèbre série de
tableaux « les Quatre Libertés », inspirés du discours du
président Roosevelt prononcé le 6 janvier 1941 – c’est la
première fois que ces tableaux quittent les États-Unis. La
deuxième partie de l’exposition aborde la question de
l’engagement humaniste de l’artiste et de son combat
pour les droits civiques. En filigrane, c’est aussi l’histoire
des États-Unis que retrace cette superbe exposition à
travers les 50 œuvres présentées. À voir absolument.
Mémorial de Caen.
Jusqu’au 27 octobre.
LIVRE EXPOSITION
TRAFIQUANTS ET PARIS-LONDRES : MUSIC
ASSOCIÉS MIGRATIONS
De Sebastian Rotella Le Palais de la
Après le massacre d’un groupe de
migrantes africaines à la frontière
Porte Dorée
présente une
entre le Mexique et les États-Unis, fantastique
le département américain de la exposition
Sécurité intérieure fait appel à bilingue
Valentin Pescatore, ancien flic de retraçant
la Frontalière. Lorsque Leo l’impact des
Méndez, redoutable journaliste flux migratoires
d’investigation, rejoint l’enquête, le sur les
duo est loin de se douter que cette multiples
dernière les conduira sur les traces courants
musicaux qui
d’un groupe financier superpuis-
sant. Ancien grand reporter pour le ont marqué
Paris et Londres dans les années 1960,
Los Angeles Times, Sebastian
1970 et 1980. Si leurs histoires divergent,
Rotella puise dans ses connais-
sances pour nous livrer un polar Paris et Londres ont toutes deux accueilli
extrêmement bien construit qui plusieurs générations d’immigrés qui, par
nous fait voyager dans plusieurs la musique, ont pu faire entendre leurs
pays et nous plonge dans les voix et contribuer aux transformations
arcanes qu’ont connues ces capitales pendant
du crime trois décades. Plus de 600 documents et
organisé oeuvres d’art sont présentés dans cette
et du exposition conçue comme une expérience
trafic visuelle et musicale. Ludique et instructif !
d’êtres Musée de l’Histoire de l’Immigration, 293
humains. avenue Daumesnil, 75012 Paris.
Haletant. Jusqu’au 5 janvier 2020.
Éditions
Des places à gagner !
10/18 -
8€40.
sur www.vocable.fr

TÉLÉVISION
LE CERCLE DES POÈTES DISPARUS
LIVRE De Peter Weir
GUIDE ÉVASION ÉCOSSE Lors de la rentrée 1959, Neil Perry retrouve sa petite bande de camarades
à l’Académie Welton. C’est sans grand enthousiasme qu’ils se préparent à
Le Guide Évasion spécial Écosse des éditions
cette année scolaire. Mais c'est sans compter John Keating, leur fantai-
Hachette vous propose une plongée en
siste nouveau
immersion dans un pays aux mille richesses.
professeur de
Organisez votre séjour grâce à de nombreuses
littérature... Un
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film classique,
incontournables, région par région, et cultivez-
qui a offert l’un
vous grâce à un chapitre « tout savoir sur » pour
de ses
être incollable sur l’identité écossaise. Le guide
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est agrémenté de nombreuses cartes et de
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Robin
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34 • VOCABLE Du 11 juillet au 4 septembre 2019

 le
dessin
I Décryptage I ETATS-UNIS

to tear, tore, torn to separate into pieces, here, to divide.

HARVARD ADMISSIONS
Kyle Kashuv, a teenager who survived the 2018 Marjory Stoneman Douglas High School shooting in Parkland,
Florida, and subsequently became a pro-gun activist, had his admission offer rescinded by Harvard University
last month. Harvard made the decision after racist texts and comments surfaced that Kashuv made when he
was 16, a few months before the shooting. Despite Kashuv apologizing for the comments when they became
public in May, the prestigious university decided to withdraw its offer for “maturity and moral character”
reasons. Some conservatives decried the decision as unfair, reviving the debate about college admission
process in the United States.
high school secondary school (GB) / shooting killing of many people by a gunman / subsequently after that / to rescind to annul, cancel / to apologize to say sorry / to withdraw,
drew, drawn to retract / college (US) university.

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VOCABLE Du 11 juillet au 4 septembre 2019 • 35

.
 LE FILM PHÉNOMÈNE EN VERSION LONGUE*

AVEC DES PERFORMANCES MUSICALES INÉDITES

* EN VERSION ORIGINALE SOUS-TITRÉE

EN BLU-RAY™ COLLECTOR
ET EN ACHAT DIGITAL © 2018 WBEI