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Cancérologie, le
Masivet® :
état des lieux et
perspectives
Dr Damien LEROUX
Vétérinaire - Conseil
www.masivet.com
Une nouvelle classe thérapeutique :
les Inhibiteurs de Tyrosine-kinase
• Carcinome
hépatocellulaire
• Outil de recherche =
non-opérable
• Carcinome rénal inducteur d’apoptose
Sources :
- M. Pa` ez-Ribes. Antiangiogenic Therapy Elicits Malignant Progression of Tumors to Increased Local Invasion and Distant Metastasis. Cancer Cell
15, 220–231, March 3, 2009.
- J. M.L. Ebos. Accelerated Metastasis after Short-Term Treatment with a Potent Inhibitor of Tumor Angiogenesis. Cancer Cell 15, 232–239, March 3,
2009.
Soirée Cancérologie – 17 novembre 2009 – CIMV Boulogne
AB Science - France
www.masivet.com
AB Science
• Start-up de biotechnologie française
• Mastocytose humaine FGFR3
C-KIT
• Chien = bon modèle
PDGFR
• Essais cliniques Phase III
Lyn
Fyn
– Mastocytose
– GIST
– Cancer du Pancréas
- AMM en Cancérologie
Soirée Cancérologie – 17 novembre 2009 – CIMV Boulogne
AB Science - France
www.masivet.com
Vétérinaire
Innovation Majeure
• Thérapie Ciblée SC
F
C-
Mastocy
SCF te
• Bénéfices : TEC
MAPKs
– Efficacité JAK
Facteurs de
s
– Innocuité transcription
STAT
– Simplicité Allergie,
s
Croissance,
Inflammation, différenciation, survie
Chimiotactisme et production de
cytokine
domaine extracellulaire :
fixation du ligand
domaine juxtamembranaire :
régulation de l’activité
domaine de fixation de l’ATP
Dimérisation
ATP
Phosphorylation
ADP
Transduction
et prolifération
Soirée Cancérologie – 17 novembre 2009 – CIMV Boulogne
AB Science - France
www.masivet.com
Mode d’action de
Masivet® sur c-Kit
c-Kit
Activation constitutive
indépendante du SCF
MASIVET®
Autophosphorylation
ADP
Transduction et
prolifération incontrôlée
Soirée Cancérologie – 17 novembre 2009 – CIMV Boulogne
AB Science - France
www.masivet.com
Les attentes des
propriétaires?
• Efficacité :
– Une réponse à court terme.
– Une augmentation de l’espérance de vie.
– Une guérison.
• Innocuité :
– Des conditions de vie acceptable
• Simplicité :
– Un protocole simple sans risque pour le
manipulateur
J7
J 14
J 28
36
34
Syndrome prévisible 32
Albuminémie
30
28 LLN
26
24
Syndrome 22
20 0.75 LLN
réversible 18
16
-10 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80
* = Dernière prise Jours
Soirée Cancérologie – 17 novembre 2009 – CIMV Boulogne
AB Science - France
www.masivet.com
Améliore l’espérance de
vie
Taux de non-progression de mastocytome en fonction du Population :
temps de chiens traités en première intention par
MASIVET®
- 202 chiens
- Mastocytomes
Taux d’animaux stable
de grade II ou III
- Non-opérable
ou en récidive
post-chirurgicale
Temps de non-progression
50
Masivet
Placebo
0
0 6 12 18 24 30 36
Temps
Time from deonset
treatment non-(months)
progression
Placebo mutated c-Kit Masiv et mutated c-Kit
wild-type c-Kit wild-type c-Kit
16 mois
gagnés Masivet® Placebo P-value
! N=67 N=18
Nouveau Paradigme en
cancérologie
Soirée Cancérologie – 17 novembre 2009 – CIMV Boulogne
AB Science - France
www.masivet.com
Rationnel d’utilisation en
monothérapie sur des Lymphomes T
et les Fibrosarcomes félins
Masivet® inhibe fortement la
PDGFRα prolifération de Lymphocyte T OSW
PDGF PDGFR
100
80
% control
60
40
Lymphocyte T 20
tumoraux 0
0 0.01 0.1 1 10 100
Masivet®
, uM
Sources :
-YP Chen et al.The expression and prognostic significance of platelet-derived growth factor
receptor alpha in mature T- and natural killer-cell lymphomas. Ann Hematol (2008) 87:985–990
DOI 10.1007/s00277-008-0539-z
- C Renne et al. Autocrine- and paracrine-activated receptor tyrosine kinases in classic Hodgkin
lymphoma. BLOOD, 15 MAY 2005 VOLUME 105, NUMBER 10
-K Karabatsou et al. Expression of survivin, platelet-derived growth factor A (PDGF-A) and
PDGF receptor a in primary central nervous system lymphoma. Journal of Neuro-Oncology
(2006) 79: 171–179 DOI 10.1007/s11060-005-9102-0
- D. Matei et al. Autocrine activation of PDGFRa promotes the progression of ovarian
Cancer. Oncogene (2006) 25, 2060–2069.
1000
i.v. Females 1884 5576
500 Males 1886 5486
oral Females 465 3482
0
0 4 8 12 16 20 24 Males 465 3207
time [hours]
Posologie :
Lancement d’études sur : - 10 mg.kg-1
- l’asthme
- Le complexe fibrosarcome
félin
Soirée Cancérologie – 17 novembre 2009 – CIMV Boulogne
AB Science - France
www.masivet.com
Soirée Cancérologie – 17 novembre 2009 – CIMV Boulogne
AB Science - France
www.masivet.com
Rationnel d’utilisation en
monothérapie dans le GIST et le
Mélanome à c-Kit muté
c-Kit
• 50% de mutation c-Kit activatrice dans
des mélanomes de l’enfant
• 48% d’expression c-Kit dans des
mélanomes buccaux chez l’Homme
• 80% de mutation c-Kit observées chez
l’Homme dans le cadre de GIST
Sources :
- J Lennartsson. The Stem Cell Factor Receptor/c-Kit as a Drug Target in Cancer. Current Cancer
Drug Targets, 2006, 6, 561-571.
-D.M. Ferrari et al. Cutaneous melanoma in childhood and adolescence shows frequent loss of
INK4A and gain of KIT. J Invest Dermatol. 2009 Jul;129(7):1759-68. Epub 2009 Jan 22.
- A. Ashida et al. Pathological activation of KIT in metastatic tumors of acral and mucosal
melanomas. Int J Cancer. 2009 Feb 15;124(4):862-8.
K in a s e A c tiv ity (% )
100
K 75
50
25
0
10 -5 10 -4 10 -3 10 -2 10 -1 10 0 10 1 10 2
Log [Masitinib] µM
Soluble ligands
Sources :
- M. Villedieu et al. Acquisition of chemoresistance following discontinuous
Biochemical Signals and
exposures to cisplatin is associated in ovarian carcinoma cells with progressive
Cellular Responses alteration of FAK, ERK and p38 activation in response to treatment. Gynecol
Cell migration
Crosstalk Cell proliferation Oncol. 2006 Jun;101(3):507-19. Epub 2006 Jan 4.
Cell survival - MS. Duxbury et al. RNA interference targeting focal adhesion kinase enhances
pancreatic adenocarcinoma gemcitabine chemosensitivity. Biochem Biophys
Drug resistance
FAK Res Commun. 2003 Nov 21;311(3):786-92.
FAK - M.K. Wendt et al. Therapeutic targeting of the focal adhesion complex prevents
oncogenic TGF-β signaling and metastasis.
- X.A. Zhang et al. Requirement of the p130CAS-Crk Coupling for Metastasis
Insoluble ligands
Suppressor KAI1/CD82-mediated Inhibition of Cell Migration. THE JOURNAL OF
BIOLOGICAL CHEMISTRY Vol. 278, No. 29, Issue of July 18, pp. 27319–27328,
2003.
Sources :
- B. Huang et al. SCF-mediated mast cell infiltration and activation exacerbate
the inflammation and immunosuppression in tumor microenvironment. Blood. 15
Soluble ligands august 2008 – Vol 112, Number 4.
- I Witz. The Tumor Microenvironment: The Making of a Paradigm. Cancer
Microenvironment (2009) 2 (Suppl 1):S9–S17. DOI 10.1007/s12307-009-0025-8.
Biochemical Signals and
Cellular Responses
Cell migration
Crosstalk Cell proliferation
Cell survival
Drug resistance
FAK
FAK
Insoluble ligands
Lyn/ Lyn/
FAK FAK
Metastases
Mastocyte
Soluble ligands
Masivet® limite :
Biochemical Signals and - La dissémination
Cellular Responses
Cell migration métastasique
Crosstalk Cell proliferation
Cell survival
- L’apparition de
Drug resistance
FAK
FAK
résistance aux
chimiothérapies
Insoluble ligands
Able to carry on normal activity and to work; no special 100 Normal no complaints; no evidence of disease.
care needed. 90 Able to carry on normal activity; minor signs or symptoms of disease.
80 Normal activity with effort; some signs or symptoms of disease.
Unable to work; able to live at home and care for most 70 Cares for self; unable to carry on normal activity or to do active work.
personal needs; varying amount of assistance needed. 60 Requires occasional assistance, but is able to care for most of his personal needs.
50 Requires considerable assistance and frequent medical care.
Unable to care for self; requires equivalent of institutional 40 Disabled; requires special care and assistance.
or hospital care; disease may be progressing rapidly. 30 Severely disabled; hospital admission is indicated although death not imminent.
20 Very sick; hospital admission necessary; active supportive treatment necessary.
10 Moribund; fatal processes progressing rapidly.
0 Dead
References:
- Crooks, V, Waller S, et al. The use of the Karnofsky Performance Scale in determining outcomes and risk in geriatric outpatients. J Gerontol.
1991; 46: M139-M144.
- de Haan R, Aaronson A, et al. Measuring quality of life in stroke. Stroke. 1993; 24:320- 327.
- Hollen PJ, Gralla RJ, et al. Measurement of quality of life in patients with lung cancer in multicenter trials of new therapies. Cancer. 1994; 73:
2087-2098.
- O'Toole DM, Golden AM. Evaluating cancer patients for rehabilitation potential. West J Med. 1991; 155:384-387. Oxford Textbook of Palliative
Medicine, Oxford University Press. 1993;109.
- Schag CC, Heinrich RL, Ganz PA. Karnofsky performance status revisited: Reliability, validity, and guidelines. J Clin Oncology. 1984; 2:187-193.
Ba
ckground: Masitinib, a tyrosine kinase inhibitor targeting c-Kit, PDGFR, FGFR3 and affecting the FAK pathway, can enhance
the antiproliferative effects of gemcitabine (GEM) in human pancreatic cancer cells. This multicenter phase 2 study aimed to
determine the efficacy and safety of masitinib in combination with GEM in the first-line treatment of patients with locally
advanced (LAPC) or metastatic (MPC) pancreatic cancer.
Me
thod: Patients received oral masitinib (9 mg/kg/d) and standard weekly infusion of GEM (1,000 mg/m2). Primary endpoint
was time-to-progression (TTP). Our hypothesis for efficacy was a TTP over 2.1 months. Secondary endpoints included
survival rates, tumor response (RECIST) and clinical benefit.
Re
sults: 22 patients, with LAPC (n=9) or MPC (n=13), KPS[80–100]/[70] (18/4) were enrolled and treated with masitinib plus
GEM. Median TTP was 6.4 months, well beyond our threshold for efficacy (LAPC: 8.3 months, MPC: 2.7 months, KPS[80–100]:
6.4 months, KPS[70]: 0.8 months). At 12 months, 17% of LAPC and 14% of KPS[80–100] were progression-free; all MPC and
KPS[70] patients had progressed. The disease control rate was 73% (LAPC: 89%, MPC: 62%, KPS[80–100]: 89%; KPS[70]
patients progressed immediately). Median OS was 7.1 months (LAPC: 8.4 months, MPC: 6.8 months, KPS[80–100]: 8.0
months, KPS[70]: 4.4 months). At 18 months, the survival rate was 23%. However, when considering KPS[80–100] alone, it
reached 28%. The 18-months survival rates were similar for LAPC (22%) and MPC (23%). 16% of the 19 patients evaluated
experienced clinical benefit (LAPC: 38%, KPS[80–100]: 18%). One patient (5%) presented suspected grade 4 neutropenia.
Main suspected grade 3 toxicity were anemia, lymphopenia (23%), leucopenia, neutropenia (18%), asthenia (14%), diarrhea,
cytolytic hepatitis, and skin rash (9%). Altogether, the combination masitinib plus GEM did not seem to increase the toxicity
commonly reported with GEM alone.
Co
Soirée
nclusions: The antitumor activity Cancérologie
of the combination– masitinib
17 novembre 2009
plus GEM – CIMV
is very Boulogne
promising and does not present limiting
AB Science - France
toxicities. Based on those encouraging data, a randomized phase III trial comparing masitinib plus GEM with GEM alone is
www.masivet.com
now actively recruiting patients in the US and in Europe.
Programme de développement
clinique de Masivet® en cancérologie
vétérinaire
Espèce Aire Indication Treatment arms Statu
thérapeutique
Chien Oncologie Melanome exprimant c-kit • Masivet® Phase 2
• Merial vaccine
muté
Melanome exprimant c-Kit non- • Doxorubicin + Masivet® Phase 2
• Merial vaccine
muté
Lymphome T • Masivet® Phase 2
• Doxorubicin + Masivet®
• Doxorubicin
Haemangiosarcome • Masivet® Phase 2
• Doxorubicin + Masivet®
• Doxorubicin
Sarcome histyocytaire • Vinblastine + Masivet® Phase 2
Oncologi
Allergie C-Kit
e muté ou
non
We previously
described masitinib, a protein-tyrosine kinase inhibitor targeting c-Kit, the receptor for stem cell factor, which is a key regulator of mast cell
differentiation and proliferation. Mast cells are well known to participate in the pathophysiology of atopic dermatitis, a very common disease in dogs.
Therefore, in the current study, we explored the efficacy of masitinib in treating canine atopic dermatitis.