Académique Documents
Professionnel Documents
Culture Documents
METABOLIQUE
LICENCE 2 MEDECINE
OBJECTIFS
1. DEFINIR LE SYNDROME METABOLIQUE ET LA RESISTANCE A L’INSULINE
CONCLUSION
GENERALITES
• DEFINITIONS
• NATIONAL CHOLESTEROL EDUCATION PROGRAM ADULT
TREATMENT PANEL III (NCEP ATP III) : AU MOINS TROIS CRITERES
• OBESITE ABDOMINALE
• HOMME : TOUR DE TAILLE > 81 CM
• HYPERTENSION ARTERIELLE
• SYSTOLIQUE ≥ 130 mmHg (ET / OU)
• DIASTOLIQUE ≥ 85 mmHg
GENERALITES
• DEFINITIONS
• NATIONAL CHOLESTEROL EDUCATION PROGRAM ADULT
TREATMENT PANEL III (NCEP ATP III) : AU MOINS TROIS CRITERES
• HYPERGLYCEMIE
• GLYCEMIE A JEUN ≥ 6,1 mmol/L (2001)
• HYPO HDLEMIE
• HOMME : HDL < 1,03 mmol/L
• HYPOHDLEMIE
• HOMME < 1,03 mmol/L
• FEMME < 1,3 mmol/L
GENERALITES
• INTERET
• DIVERSITE DES DEFINITIONS : METABOLISME ENERGETIQUE
• TRANSITION EPIDEMIOLOGIQUE DES PAYS AFRICAINS
• NUTRITIONNELLE
• HABITUDES ET MODE DE VIE
• OESITE
• HOMMES : 25%
• FEMMES : 60 %
Number of people with diabetes worldwide and per region in 2017 and 2045 (20-79 years)
Total number of adults with diabetes (20-79 years)
Estimated total number of adults (20-79 years) living with diabetes, 2017
Prevalence (%) estimates of diabetes (20-79 years) by income group and age
Rural-urban division among people with diabetes
Age-adjusted prevalence of diabetes in 2017 per IDF region
12.00%
9.00%
6.00%
3.00%
0.00%
MENA NAC SEA WP SACA EUR AFR
Undiagnosed percentage and undiagnosed cases of diabetes (20-79 years) per region
Prevalence* of diabetes and IGT (20-79 years) by IDF region, 2017 and 2045
Hyperglycemia in pregnancy in women aged 20-49 years by IDF region, 2017
30.0%
26.6%
25.0%
20.0%
17.9%
15.0% 13.7%
12.0% 11.6% 12.3%
10.0% 9.5%
5.0%
0.0%
AFR EUR MENA NAC SACA SEA WP
Deaths attributable to diabetes by age (20-79 years)
Total healthcare expenditure by people with diabetes (20-79 years)
*Billion USD
Diabetes-related healthcare expenditure in adults (20-79 years) in 2017 per IDF region
Expenditure and deaths below 60 years (%) due to diabetes by income group
Top 10 countries for number of children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes (<20 years), 2017
Estimated number of children and adolescents (<20years) with type 1 diabetes by IDF region, 2017
PHYSIOPATHOLOGIE
• ROLE DE L’INSULINORESISTANCE
• SURPOIDS ANDROIDE
• CANDIDAT AU SURPOIDS
• TERRAIN GENETIQUE
F EFFICACITE METABOLIQUE
F AVANTAGE DE SURVIE SI DEFICIT NUTRITIONNEL
F INCONVENIENT SI SURABONDANCE ALIMENTAIRE
INSULINE
PROTEINE ACYL-CoA
PROTEINE SUBSTRAT IRS
SUBSTRAT Shc
SER P
VOIE
TYR P NF-kB
VOIE PI 3KINASE PK C
TYR P
EFFETS METABOLIQUES
MAP KINASE - ENTREE DU GLUCOSE : FOIE ET MUSCLE
- SYNTHESE DU GLYCOGENE
- SYNTHESE D’ACIDES GRAS : HEPATOCYTES
- INHIBITION LIPOLYSE : ADIPOCYTE
EFFETS MITOGENES - INHIBITION PRODUCTION GLUCOSE : FOIE
PHYSIOPATHOLOGIE
• ROLE DE L’INSULINORESISTANCE
• SURPOIDS ET SENSIBILITE A L’INSULINE
• ORGANES IMPLIQUES DANS LA RESISTANCE A L’INSULINE
• TISSU ADIPEUX
• FOIE
• MUSCLE SQUELETTIQUE
PHYSIOPATHOLOGIE
• ROLE DE L’INSULINORESISTANCE
• SURPOIDS ET RESISTANCE A L’INSULINE
• CONSEQUENCES
• AUGMENTATION PRODUCTION HEPATIQUE DU GLUCOSE
• STIMULENT LA LIPOLYSE
• HYPERTENSION ARTERIELLE
• HYPERCOAGULABILITE
• DEFICIT EN FIBRINOLYSE
PHYSIOPATHOLOGIE
• TROUBLES DE LA GLYCOREGULATION
• DIABETE TYPE 2
• DEFICIT INSULINOSECRETION
• INSULINORESISTANCE
• INTOLERANCE AU GLUCOSE
• GLYCEMIE A JEUN < 6,1 mmol/L
• TROUBLES DE LA GLYCOREGULATION
• DYSLIPIDEMIE ET INFLAMMATION
• DYSLIPIDEMIE
• TNF a
AUGMENTATION DE LA PROTEINE C REACTIVE (CRP)
• IL-6
• HYPOFIBRINOLYSE
ETAT PRE THROMBOTIQUE
• HYPERACTIVITE PLAQUETTES
• DYSFONCTIONNEMENT ENDOTHELIAL
• FACTEURS GENETIQUES
• DYSLIPIDEMIE
• DIABETE
• CORONAROPATHIE
• INFARCTUS
PERTURBATION
NF-Kb
VASODILATATION
HYPERGLYCMIE PK C PRODUCTION ROS
eNOS INFLAMMATION
ACIDES GRAS LIBRES SYNTHESE NO ATHEROTHROMBOSE
VASCULAIRE
INSULINORESISTANCE ENDOTHELINE-1
PHOSPHORYLATION IRS-1
NF-kB
RECEPTEUR TLR
HYPERGLYCEMIE
ATIVATION DES PLAQUETTES ET REDUCTION DE LA
INCORPORATION DES PROTEINES
REPONSE AUX AGENTS ANTIPLAQUETTAIRES
ANTI-FIBRINOLYTIQUES DANS LE CLOU
- REDUCTION PRODUCTION DE NO
- A2-ANTIPLASMINE
- AUGMENTATION PLAQUETTES RETICULEES
- COMPLEMENT C3
- AUGMENTATION TURN OVER DES PLAQUETTES
MECANISMES D’AUGMENTATION
DU RISQUE DE THROMBOSE CHEZ LE
DIABETIQUE
MESURES INDIRECTES
MESURES DIRECTES
OPTIMISER LA GLYCEMIE
AGENTS ANTIPLAQUETTAIRES
REDUIRE INSULINORESISTANCE
AGENTS CIBLANT LES PROTEINES DE COAGULATION